DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY DELHI EEL203: ELECTROMECHANICS SOLUTIONS TUTORIAL TEST-III Q.1.

(a) A 415V, 25 hp, 50 Hz, 4-pole induction motor has its speed of 1460 rpm at rated load. (i) What is the slip

of the motor? (ii) What is the frequency of the rotor current? (iii) What is the angular velocity of the stator produced air gap flux wave with respect to the stator? (iv) What is the angular velocity of the rotor produced air gap flux wave with respect to the rotor? [20] (b)A 15 hp, 6-pole, 415V, 50 Hz, delta connected, 3-phase induction motor has a full load slip of 4%. Its rotational loss (friction and windage losses) is 2% of its output power. When this motor operates at full load, calculate (i) the rotor copper loss, (ii) the air-gap power, and (iii) the shaft torque. [30] Solution:
(A)

Synchronous speed is 1500 r/min. Therefore, a. s =1500 1460 1500 b. = 0.026 = 2.6% (ii) Rotor currents are at slip frequency, fr = s*50 = 1.33 Hz. (iii)The stator flux wave rotates at synchronous speed with respect to the stator (1500 r/min). It rotates at slip speed ahead of the rotor (s*1500 = 40r/min). (iv) It rotates at slip speed ahead of the rotor (s*1500 = 40 r/min).
(i)

(B) Output power = 15hp = 15*750 = 11.25kW. Friction and windage losses = 0.02*output power = 0.02*11.25 = 0.225kW. Power developed = output power+friction and windage losses = 11.475kW. (i) Air gap power = Pd/(1-s) = 11.95kW. (ii) Rotor copper losses = Pg-Pd=0.478kW. (iii) Rotor speed = Ns(1-s) = 1500*(1-0.04) = 1440rpm. output power*60 11.25k*60 shaft torque = 74.6 Nm 2* *N r 2* *1440
The following tests data are achieved on a 230V, 60 Hz, 4-pole, star connected, three-phase squirrel cage induction motor. No load test data are: power input=115W, line current=0.45A at the rated voltage. Blocked rotor test data are: power input=65W, line current=1.2A at reduced voltage of 47V. The stator winding resistance between any two lines is 4.1 ohms. Calculate all six equivalent circuit parameters and draw equivalent circuit of it. [50] Solution:
Q.2.

No load power factor, cos Rm = Xm = VNo 3 * I No *cos VNo 3 * I No *sin

No

PNo 3 *VNo * I No

115 3 * 230*0.45 460ohms 384.73ohms

0.6415

No

230 3 *0.45*0.6415 230 3 *0.45*0.767

No

From short circuit test: P 65 R SC = SC 2 15.05ohms 3* I SC 3*1.22 R1 R2 ZSC X SC X1 X2 4.1 2.05ohms 2 15.05 2.05 13ohms VSC 3 * I SC ZSC 2 -R SC 2 X SC 2 47 3 *1.2 22.612ohms 16.88ohms

22.6122 -15.052

8.44ohms

Q.3. A delta-connected, 5hp, 400V, three-phase, 4-pole, 50-Hz squirrel-cage induction motor has the following

equivalent-circuit parameters per phase referred to the stator: R1 = 5.39, R2 = 5.72 , X1 = 8.22, X2 = 8.22. Neglect the shunt branch in the equivalent circuit. (a) Calculate the starting current and starting torque for this motor when connected to a 400V, 50 Hz, 3-phase ac source. (b) Also calculate the starting current, starting torque and power factor for this motor when connected to a 200V, 25 Hz, 3-phase ac source. [50] Solution:

(A) Delta connected at rated V and f Starting line current, Ist = Starting Torque = Ist 2 * R2
s

3 *VLine ( R1 R2 ) 2 ( X 1 34.922 *5.72 157.08 3 *VLine ( R1 R2 ) 2 (0.5( X 1 25.0652 *5.72 78.54 R1 R2

2

3 * 400 X 2 )2 44.04 Nm (5.39 5.72) 2 (8.22 8.22) 2

34.92 A

(B) Delta connected at half the rated V and f Starting line current, Ist = Starting Torque = Power factor = ( R1 R2 ) Ist 2 * R2
s

3 * 200 X 2 )) 2 (5.39 5.72) 2 (0.5(8.22 8.22)) 2

25.065 A

45.76 Nm 5.39 5.72 0.804

(0.5( X 1

X 2 ))

(5.39 5.72) 2 (0.5(8.22 8.22)) 2

Q.4. A three-phase squirrel-cage induction motor develops a maximum torque of 210 percent and a starting torque

of 165 percent of the rated torque when operated at the rated voltage and frequency. If the effect of stator resistance is neglected, determine (a) the slip at full load, (b) the slip at the maximum torque, and (c) the rotor current at the starting in per unit of the full load rotor current. [50] Solution:

Solution I:
T fl Tmax s fl smax T 2 smax T s fl

Tst Tmax Also,

2smax T 1 smax T 2 T fl Tmax 2 s fl 0.485 s fl smax T

1.65 2.1 2 smax T s fl

2smax T 1 smax T 2

smax T

0.485

1 2.1

0.485 s fl

s fl

0.122

3.975 0.485
Q.5.

j j

4.099 1.11

3.693 369.3%

The starting current of a 415V, three phase, delta connected, induction motor is 60 A when rated voltage is applied to stator winding and developed starting torque is 120% of the rated torque. Determine the starting current and the developed starting torque in terms of the rated torque when the applied voltage is reduced to 240 V. If the starting is not to exceed 25 A, what should be the applied voltage and developed starting torque in terms of the rated torque? [50] Solution:

At starting since s=1 so, i.e. and and .

For applied voltage 240 V, = 34.69 A and 40.1% the rated torque. For new starting current 25 A, applied voltage is = 172.91 V and is 20.8% of the rated torque.
Q.6. The inner and outer cages of a 3-phase double cage induction motor have standstill impedances of (0.5+j2)

, i.e., starting torque is

, i.e, starting torque

ohm/phase and (2+j0.5) ohm/phase. Find the ratio of the torques developed and currents drawn by the two cages (a) at starting and (b) at a slip of 0.05. [50]

Solution:

for constant slip, so, ratio of torque developed by the outer & inner cages is

a. at standstill, s=1

so, b. at s=0.05 so,

Q.7. A 120V, 60Hz, 4-pole, single-phase, capacitor start induction motor is tested to yield the following data: With

auxiliary winding open: No-load test: 120V, 2.7A, 56W. Blocked rotor test with auxiliary winding open: 120V, 15A, 1175W. Blocked rotor test with main winding open: 120V, 5.2A, 503.4W.The main winding resistance is 2.5 and the auxiliary winding resistance is 12.5 . (a) Obtain the parameters of the equivalent circuit of the motor referred to the main winding. (b) Obtain the parameters of equivalent circuit of the motor referred to the auxiliary winding. (c) Determine the no-load rotational losses and turns ratio between the auxiliary to the main windings. [50] Solution:
From the blocked rotor test on the main winding with the auxiliary winding open, we obtain 120 1175 Zbm 8 ; R bm 5.22 15 152 X bm 82 5.222 6.06

Thus, X 1

X2

3.03

and R 2 =5.22-2.5=2.72

(all referred to main winding)

From the blocked rotor test on the auxiliary winding with the main winding open, we get 120 503.4 Zba = 23.07 ; R ba 18.61 5.2 5.22 X ba 23.07 2 18.612 X2 6.817 13.63 and R 2a =18.61-12.5=6.11 (all referred to auxiliary winding) Thus, X 1

From no-load test data on the main winding with auxiliary winding open, we have 120 56 Znl 44.44 ; R nl 7.68 2.7 2.7 2 X nl and Pr 44.442 7.682 43.77 32.81W Hence, Xm 2 43.77 1.5 6.06 78.45 56 2.7 2 2.5 0.25 2.72 R2 a R2 m 1.49

and the a-ratio, a =

Q.8. A single-phase, 230V, 50 Hz, 4-pole, split-phase induction motor has the following standstill impedances.

Main winding: Zm=(10+j12) . Auxiliary winding Za=(16+j10) . (a) Determine the value of the capacitance to be added in series with the auxiliary winding to obtain maximum starting torque. (b) Compare the starting torques and starting currents with and without added capacitance in the auxiliary winding circuit when operated from a 230V, 50 Hz supply. [50] Solution:

a.

Z main tan
1

Z aux
1

2 10 X c 900 16 C 136.41 F

12 tan 10 X c 23.33

b.

Im

V Z main

14.72 50o A V Z aux 12.18 32o A ; I aux with C

withoutc withc

I aux without C Twithoutc Twithc

V Z aux jX c

11.04 39.79o A

I m I aux sin I m I aux sin

14.72 12.18 sin18 0.3409 14.72 11.04 sin 90 Twithc 2.933timesofTwithoutc I withoutc I withc I withc I m I aux without C I m I aux with C 0.694timesofI withoutc 1.44

Q.9. A 220V, 50Hz, 0.50 h.p., 4-pole, universal motor runs at 3000 rpm and takes 2.5A when connected to a 220V

dc source. Determine the back emf, the speed, the torque and the power factor of the motor when it is loaded to take 2.5 A (rms) of the supply current at ac mains of 220 V at 50 Hz. The resistance and its inductance measured at the terminals of the machine are 10 and 0.275H respectively. [50] Solution:

DC operation : Ea |dc 220 2.5*10 195V AC operation : X 2 fL 2 *50*0.275 86.393 Ea |ac I a R Ea |ac V2 Ia X 2202
2

2.5*10 16.84 V

2.5*86.393

Assu min g the same flux for the same current (2.5 A dc and rms) Ea |dc rpmdc ndc Ea |ac rpmac nac nac 3000* 16.84 195 259.25 rpm

I a Ra V 16.84 2.5*10 0.19lag 220 Mechanical power developed is Pmech Ea I a 16.84* 2.5 42.1W power factor , cos Torque developed is Pmech 42.1 T 1.55 N m 259.25* 2 / 60 m
Q.10. An 110V, 60Hz, 2-pole, universal motor operates at a speed of 12500 rpm on full load and draws a current of

Ea

5A. The motor parameters are: Ra=5.2, Xa=12.563, Rs=0.5 and Xs=2.235 . Determine (a) the induced emf in the armature, (b) the power output, (c) the shaft torque, (d) the power factor, and (e) efficiency if the rotational loss is 20W. [50] Solution:

Eb

I a ( Ra Eb

Rs )

V2 Eb

I a *( X a

Xs)

52.89V

I a ( Ra Rs ) V 52.89 5*(5.2 0.5) 0.739lag 110 Power developed =E b *Ia 264.45W Po Pd Prot =244.45W power factor , cos Shaft Torque = Pin VI a cos Po
m

0.186 Nm efficiency = 244.45 *100 60.14% 406.45

406.45W

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