OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

Question 1 to Question 30 are followed by four options, A, B, C, and D. Choose

the best option for each question and blacken the corresponding space on the
objective answer sheet.

1. Which of the following is the product of aerobic and anaerobic respiration in

muscles? [K]

Aerobic respiration Anaerobic respiration

A. Carbon dioxide and water Ethanol

B. Carbon dioxide and water Lactic acid

C. Lactic acid Ethanol

D. Lactic acid Carbon dioxide and water

2. The figure 1 shows the changes in the amount of yeast cells, ethanol and
glucose solution under anaerobic conditions. [K]

Figure 1

What are represented by curves P, Q and R?

Curve P Curve Q Curve R

A Ethanol Yeast Glucose
B Yeast Glucose Ethanol
C Ethanol Glucose Yeast
D Yeast Ethanol Glucose

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 3. Table 1 shows the composition of four air samples. [U]

Sample Oxygen Carbon dioxide Water vapour

A 24 0.3 Saturated
B 21 0.03 Little
C 14 7 Saturated
D 29 3 Little
Table 1

Which air sample is the composition of air exhaled during vigorous activities?

4. What will happen to the blood temperature and lactic acid content in the
muscles, during extended periods of exercise? [U]

Blood temperature Lactic acid

A. Increase Increase

B. Increase Decrease

C. Decrease Decrease

D. Decrease Increase

5. To show that anaerobic respiration can occurs in yeast, a boiled glucose

solution is added into yeast after the solution has cooled. The glucose is
boiled to [U]

i. break it down into simple sugar

ii. remove oxygen from the solution

iii. kill the yeast

iv. kill the bacteria inn the glucose solution

A. i and ii only

B. ii and iii only

C. i and iv only

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 D. ii and iv only

6. An athlete is running in a 100 meters race. The following changes take place
in the athlete’s body during the race. [APP]

K – Oxygen level in the muscle increases

L – Breathing rate increases

M – Carbon dioxide concentration in the blood increases

N – Muscle activity produces carbon dioxide

In which order do these changes occur?

A. K, L, M and N

B. L, N, M and K

C. N, K, L and M

D. N, M, L and K

7. Which differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration in humans are

true? [U]

Aerobic respiration Anaerobic respiration

i Total energy produced per mole of
glucose is 210 kJ
ii Occurs in mitochondria
iii The products of oxidation of glucose
are carbon dioxide and energy
iv Incomplete oxidation of glucose
Total energy produced per mole of
glucose is 150 kJ
Occurs in cytoplasm
The products of oxidation of glucose are
lactic acid and energy
Complete oxidation of glucose

A. i and iv only

B. ii and iii only

3
 C. i, iii and iv only

D. ii, iii and iv only

8. Figure 2 shows an experiment that is carried out to investigate yeast activity.

[APP]

Figure 2

The yeast is suspended in a boiled and cooled glucose solution. Which of the
following activities is being studied?

A. Diffusion of gas

B. Synthesis of fat

C. Synthesis of protein

4
D. Anaerobic respiration

5
 9. Which graph shows the changes in the concentration of lactic acid in the
muscles of an athlete during and after a 5-minute run? [U]

A C

B
D

10.The respiratory surfaces have the following characteristics: [K]

i. Large surface area

ii. Moist

iii. Thin

iv. Ciliated

A. i only

B. i and ii only

C. ii and iii only

6
 D. i, ii, iii and iv

11.The figure 3 shows the relationship between an alveolus and a blood capillary.
[K]

Figure 3

What occurs at X?

i. Gaseous exchange

ii. Carbonic acid is converted into carbon dioxide

iii. Oxyhaemoglobin is formed in the red blood cells.

iv. Oxygen dissolves in the moist surface of the alveolus.

A. i and ii only

B. ii and iii only

C. i, iii and iv only

D. i, ii, iii and iv

12.Breathing through the lungs for frogs is not efficient because [U]

7
 i. There is not much alveolus for gas exchange.

ii. There is no ribcage to expand and reduce its thoracic cavity.

iii. The mouth cavity is primarily used for breathing.

iv. There is no diaphragm to change the volume of the lungs.

A. i and iii only

B. i, ii and iv only

C. ii, iii and iv only

D. i, ii, iii, and iv

13.Breathing through the lungs for humans is efficient because [U]

i. The lungs contain a large surface area of alveoli

ii. The lungs contain very thick walls of alveoli

iii. The lungs contain a moist respiratory surface of alveoli

iv. The lungs contain a rich supply of blood capillaries of alveoli

A. i and ii only

B. ii,and iii only

C. i, iii, and iv only

D. i, ii, iii and iv

14.The figure 4 shows a part of the respiratory system of an insect. [U]

8
 Figure 4

Which statement is correct?

A. Q penetrates into S.

B. P has valves which can open and close.

C. S contains fluid for gases to dissolve in.

D. R is lined with rings of chitin to prevent it from collapsing.

15.The figure 5 shows a model of the rib cage used to demonstrate the
breathing mechanism in humans. [APP]

Figure 5

Which of the following takes place as the position of the ribs changes from X to Y?

X to Y Process
A Volume of the thoracic cavity increases Inhalation
B Volume of the thoracic cavity decreases Exhalation
C Pressure in the lungs increases Inhalation
D Pressure in the lungs decreases Exhalation

9
 16.The table shows the breathing rate and changes in the air volume during rest
and exercise. [APP]

Breathing rate (time/ Air volume for each

minute) inhalation (cm3)
At rest 12 500
After exercise 24 1000

Calculate the increase in air volume per minute after the exercise.

A. 6000 cm3

B. 12000 cm3

C. 15000 cm3

D. 18000 cm3

17.A J-tube is used to determine the oxygen content in a sample of exhaled air.
[APP]

Length of exhaled air column = 10.0

cm
Length of air column upon adding potassium hydroxide solution = 9.6
cm
Length of air column upon adding alkaline potassium pyrogallate solution = 8.0
cm

What is the percentage of oxygen content in exhaled air?

A. 4%

B. 8%

C. 16%

D. 17%

10
 18.The following changes take place in an athlete’s body during a 100 m race.
[APP]

P: increased availability of oxygen to muscles

Q: increased breathing rate

R: increased muscular activity, stimulating stretch receptors

What is the correct order for the above to occur?

A. P→Q→R

B. R→Q→P

C. Q→P→R

D. P→R→Q

19.Which of the following is not the form of carbon dioxide that is transportee
from the blood to the lungs? [K]

A. Carbaminohaemoglobin

B. Carbonic acid

C. Sodium bicarbonate

D. Carboxyhaemoglobin

11
 20.The figure 6 shows the transport of gases between the heart and blood
capillaries of the lung. [K]

Figure 6

Which of the following is true about the partial pressure of oxygen and carbon
dioxide in blood vessels P and Q?

Partial Partial pressure Partial pressure

Partial pressure
pressure of of carbon dioxide of carbon
of oxygen in Q
oxygen in P in P dioxide in Q
A Low High High Low
B Low High Low High
C High Low High Low
D High Low Low High

21.Figure 7 shows the exchange of gases at the alveolus. [U]

Figure 7

12
Which of the following conditions increase the rate of oxygen transfer from the
alveolus into the blood capillary?

Oxygen content in Oxygen content in

Rate of blood-flow
alveolus blood
A High Low Fast
B High Low Slow
C Low High Fast
C Low High Slow

22.If both fish and humans are of the same size, why do you think the rate of
oxygen supply to body cells in humans is faster than the rate of oxygen
supply to the body cells in fish? [ANA]

i. The human heart is more muscular and efficient in pumping blood throughout
the body.

ii. The gill system in fish is inefficient in gaseous exchange if the size of the fish
is very large.

iii. The gill system in fish requires a large volume of water for gaseous exchange
if the size of the fish is very large.

A. i only

B. i and ii only

C. ii and iii only

D. i, ii and iii

13
23.One of the factors which affect the breathing rate is the type of activities.
Which of the following indicate the breathing rate between individual A who is
in sleeping and individual B who is in the middle of swimming? [U]

Rate of breathing
Individual A Individual B
A High High
B Low High
C Low Low
D High Low

14
24.What happens when the amount of oxygen is insufficient to produce the
amount of energy needed during exercise such as running? [APP]

A. The person will run slower incase to reduce the consumption of his/her
energy which still left behind.

B. The heart beat become slower to make sure all the oxygen and carbon
dioxide enter and leave efficiently into the working muscle cell.

C. The breathing rate as well as the heart beat becomes increase to supply
more oxygen and remove more carbon dioxide produce during exercising.

D. The person still running without affecting by the lack of energy.

25.Which of the following chemical substances may harm your respiratory

system? [K]

A. Magnesium

B. Sodium

C. Calcium

D. Cyanide

15
 26.Figure 6 shows an experiment to demonstrate the effects of cigarette smoke
on lungs. [U]

Figure 6

Based on the experiment, which of the following is true?

A. The bicarbonate indicator solution turns into blue color.

B. The thermometer used to indicate room temperature.

C. The solution of bicarbonate turns into chalky color which indicate presence of
carbon dioxide

D. Moist cotton represent of human lungs which are moisten.

16
 27.The distribution of stomata in three varieties of plants is determined. The
results are shown in table below. [ANA]

Number of stomata per mm2 of leaf

Variety of plants
Upper epidermis Lower epidermis
K 140 40
L 100 0
M 20 5

Based on the results, L is identified as an aquatic plant. Why do you think that the
stomata of aquatic plants are more distributed on the upper epidermis of the
leaves?

Pick a statement below which best describes why L is an aquatic plant.

A. This adaptation enables plant L to exchange gases with the atmosphere

efficiently.

B. Plant L does not require stomata on the lower epidermis since there is no
sunlight available under the water.

C. Since there are more free oxygen molecules available at the surface of the
water, no stomata are distributed on the lower epidermis.

D. The guard cells of the stomata becomes turgid when they come in contact
with water, hence, no stomata are distributed on the lower epidermis.

28.Which of the following are likely to take place in leaves when the intensity of
light is low? [APP]

i. The rate of photosynthesis is the same as the rate of respiration.

ii. The glucose produced during photosynthesis is used for respiration.

iii. Carbon dioxide is absorbed through the stomata for photosynthesis

iv. There is a net gain of oxygen in the leaf.

17
 A. i and ii only

B. iii and iv only

C. i, iii, and iv only

D. ii, iii, and iv only

29.Table below shows the different respiratory organs between different

organisms. [ANA]

Protozoa Insects Fish Amphibians Humans

Respiratory None Trachea Gills Skin and lungs Lungs
organs

Why do the protozoa have no respiratory organ?

A. Oxygen is abundant in the normal habitat of the protozoa.

B. The diffusion of gases occurs easily through the body of the protozoa.

C. The protozoa have a small surface area to volume ratio.

D. The protozoa do not need to exchange gases with their environment.

18
STRUCTURE QUESTIONS

Answer all questions in this section.

knowledge

1. Diagram below shows two different types of animals.

a) Name the respiratory structures of animal A and B and state one function for
each structure. [4 marks]

_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

understanding

b) State three similar characteristics between the respiratory structures of

animals A and B which are adapted to increase their efficiency in gaseous
exchange. [3 marks]

_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

ana

c) State the structure that surrounds the respiratory structure of animal B but is
not found in animal A and explain why it does not need the structure. [3
marks]

19
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

aplikasi

d) Draw and label the respiratory structures of animal A. [5 marks]

1(e)

evaluation

20
know

2. Figure above show the cross section of a leaves.

a) Label the structures A-E and state one function for each structure. [10
marks]

A. _______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
__

B. _______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
__

C. _______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
__

D. _______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
__

E. _______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
__

know

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 b) What substances are transported by structure B and structure C? [2 marks]

_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

under

c) What will happen to structure A if the light intensity is high? Explain. [2

marks]

_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

syn

d) Describe the function of structure A, B and C during photosynthesis. [6

marks]

_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

2(e) syn

22
 SUGGESTION ANSWERS

OBJECTIVE

1. A 25.C

2. C 26.C

3. C 27.B

4. D 28.B

5. D 29.A

6. A 30.B

7. D

8. C

9. A

10.D

11.D

12.B

13.C

14.C

15.A

16.A

17.B

18.C

19.D

20.B

21.B

22.D

23.B

24.B

23
STRUCTURE

1. Diagram below shows two different types of animals.

a) Name the respiratory structures of animals A and B. [2marks]

A – tracheoles B – gills

b) State three similar characteristics between the respiratory structures of

animals A and B which are adapted to increase their efficiency in gaseous
exchange. [3marks]

Both have thin walls, occurs in large number and are always moist.

c) State the structure that surrounds the respiratory structure of animal B but is
not found in animal A. [1 mark]

Blood capillaries

d) Explain why animal A does not need the structure as mentioned in (c). [1
mark]

Because each cell in the insect’s body has a tracheole.

e) In the space below, draw and label the respiratory structures of animals A
and B. [4 marks]
 2. Figure 2 above scow the cross section of a leaves.

a) Label the structures A-E.

A. Guard cell

B. phloem

C. xylem

D. stomata

b) What is the main function of structure B in the leaf?

Transporting an organic matter produce during photosynthesis such as

glucose from the leaf to all over part of the plants

c) What kind of substances transport in structure B and C during

photosynthesis?

• Structure B transporting organic matter produce within

photosynthesis in the leaf to the root

• While, structure C transporting water and mineral absorb by the

root from soil to the leaf which required for photosynthesis to occur.

d) What will happen to the structure A if the intensity of a light becomes high?
Explain.

• When the intensity of light becomes high, the rates of

photosynthesis gradually increase.

• The guards cell open widely to allow gaseous exchange to occur.

• As the guard cell open, uptake and release of carbon dioxide and
oxygen from the leaf to the surrounding air occur, therefore gaseous
exchanges will occur efficiently.

• The rate of photosynthesis becomes faster than of respiration,

resulting in a net intake of carbon dioxide by the plants from the
surrounding.

e) Describe the function of structure A, B and C during photosynthesis take

place.
• Guard cell functionally as a pathway of gaseous exchange from the
plants to the surrounding.

• Guard cells allow intake of carbon dioxide which essential for

photosynthesis and release oxygen which is the byproduct of
photosynthesis to the surrounding.

• Other byproduct of photosynthesis is organic matter such as sugar

in form of glucose, they were transported to all over the plants such
a stem and roots towards the phloem.

• Xylem transported water and mineral from the root which absorbed
from the soil used in the photosynthesis process.
 JADUAL SPESIFIKASI UJIAN
Objective questions

Knowled Understan Applicat Analy

Total
ge ding ion ze
7.1 The respiratory process in 2(Q8,
2(Q1, Q2) 5(Q3-Q7) - 9
energy production. Q9)
7.2 The respiratory structures
2(Q10, 4(Q15-
and breathing mechanisms in 3(Q12-Q14) - 9
Q11) 18)
humans and animals.
7.3 Gaseous exchange across
2(Q19, 1(Q23
the respiratory surfaces and 1(Q21) 1(Q22) 5
Q20) )
transport of gases in humans.
7.4 The regulatory
- 1(Q24) 1(Q25) - 2
mechanism in respiration.
7.5 The importance of
1(Q28
maintaining a healthy 1(Q26) 1(Q27) - 3
)
respiratory system.
7.6 Respiratory in plants. 1(Q30
- - 1(Q29) 2
)
Total 7 11 9 3 30

Structured questions

Knowled Understan Applicat Analy

ge ding ion ze
7.1 The respiratory process in
energy production.
7.2 The respiratory structures
and breathing mechanisms in 1(a), 1(e) 1(b), 1(c) - 1(d)
humans and animals.
7.3 Gaseous exchange across
the respiratory surfaces and
transport of gases in humans.
7.4 The regulatory
mechanism in respiration.
7.5 The importance of
2(a), 2(b),
maintaining a healthy 2(e) - 2(d)
2(c)
respiratory system.
7.6 Respiratory in plants.
Total