ADA Professional Product Review Glass Ionomer-Containing Cements: Laboratory Testing Methods Volume 3: Issue 1 Winter 2008 (Online)

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ADA Professional Product Review Glass Ionomer-Containing Cements: Laboratory Testing Methods

Scope
This protocol for the laboratory testing of glass ionomer-containing cements, (glass ionomer cements, resinmodified glass ionomer cements, and compomers) was developed to provide clinically relevant laboratory information that will be used as part of a report on these materials in the Winter 2008 issue of the ADA Professional Product Review. The tests listed in this protocol are meant to provide the dental practitioner with appropriate comparative scientific information to assist in the purchase of glass ionomer cements, resin-modified glass ionomer cements, and compomers. Tests in this Protocol: A. Film Thickness B. Working Time C. Setting Time D. Compressive Strength E. Radiopacity F. Light Transmittance G. Flexural Strength and Flexural Modulus H. Acid Erosion

A. Measurement of film thickness (see 7.5 of ANSI/ADA Spec 271 or 7.5 of ISO 40492 and Annex C of ISO 9917-13) B. Working Time (see Annex A of ISO 9917-24) C. Setting Time (see Annex A of ISO 9917-13). D. Compressive Strength (see Annex D of ISO 9917-13). E. Radiopacity (see 7.14 of ANSI/ADA Spec 271 or 7.14 of ISO 40492)

F. Light Transmittance Materials: Spectroradiometer (e.g., the Minolta Spectroradiometer Model CS1000A). Analysis Software (e.g., CS-S10W Professional Data Management Software Version 1.2). Integrating Sphere, with a 203.2 mm (8 inch) inner diameter, internally coated with white reflectance material (usually barium sulfate). The sphere will have two ports. One port will have an 18 mm diameter, with a sample holder and a connector for a light guide attached to it. The other port will have a 40 mm
Document posted 2008 2008 American Dental Association

ADA Professional Product Review Glass Ionomer-Containing Cements: Laboratory Testing Methods Volume 3: Issue 1 Winter 2008 (Online) www.ada.org/goto/ppr

diameter, which will be used to connect the sprectroradiometer. The ports will not be in-line through the center of the sphere. Light Source and Light Guide. The light source shall provide D65 illumination through a light guide to the connector on the integrating sphere. Test specimens, the same procedure that was specified for making the radiopacity test specimens in the Radiopacity test method shall be used to make the specimens for this test. Procedure: 1. Attach the spectroradiometer to the integrating sphere at the 40 mm diameter port and the light source and light guide to the integrating sphere at the 18 mm diameter port, as shown in the Figure on page 3. 2. Perform a luminance reading with no sample in place and record the L* value of the D65 light source as L*source. 3. Place the test sample in the path of the light source (in the sample holder attached to the 18 mm port of the integrating sphere), such that all of the light transmitted through the test sample is collected by the integrating sphere and diffused uniformly. 4. Perform a luminance reading with the test sample in place and record the L* value of the sample as L*sample. 5. Percent transmittance (T%) through the test sample shall be calculated as follows: T% = (L*sample / L*source) x 100

6. Record the percent transmittance for the test sample. 7. For each test sample, repeat the test twice for a total of three readings per sample. For each product, report the mean and standard deviation of the three samples. G. Flexural Strength (see 7.11 of ANSI/ADA Spec 271 or 7.11 of ISO 40492) and Flexural Modulus H. Determination of Acid Erosion (see Annex E of ISO 99173)

Reference Documents: 1. American National Standard/American Dental Association. Proposed ANSI/ADA Specification No. 27, Dentistry Polymer-based filling, Restorative and Luting Materials, July 2005. Chicago: American Dental Association. 2. International Organization for Standardization. ISO 4049, Dentistry Polymer-based filling, Restorative and Luting Materials, Third Edition, 2000. Geneva: ISO. 3. International Organization for Standardization. ISO 9917-1, Dentistry Water-based cements Part 1: Powder/liquid acid-base cements, First Edition, 2003-11-01. Geneva: ISO. 4. International Organization for Standardization. ISO 9917-2, Dental water-based cements Part 2: Light-activated cements, First Edition, 1998-07-01. Geneva: ISO. Additional Support Document: A. International Organization for Standardization. ISO/Committee Draft 9917-2, Dentistry: Waterbased cements: Part 2: Resin-modified cements, Document N 465, 11/21/2006. Geneva: ISO.
Document posted 2008 2008 American Dental Association

ADA Professional Product Review Glass Ionomer-Containing Cements: Laboratory Testing Methods Volume 3: Issue 1 Winter 2008 (Online) www.ada.org/goto/ppr

Figure. Schematic of the test set-up for the light transmittance test.

Document posted 2008 2008 American Dental Association