MECH 515 Midterm Review Discrete systems: systems composed of an assembly of multiple parts, in which the systems response

e is dependent on the combination of each individual components behavior. Components o Springs o Viscous Damper o Masses 1st Order Systems: no mass, so 2nd Order Systems: Stability
Asymptotically Stable Stable Unstable

Proportional to displacement (linear range) energy. Assumed massless

store/release potential

Spring force is conservative: independent of path Predicted behavior

Proportional to velocity (linear range) Assumed massless Damper force is non-conservative

dissipate energy,

Proportional to acceleration

store/release kinetic energy

Equilibrium: point where the net forces equal zero.

Natural Frequency: frequency at which the system will resonate under free vibration.

 Damped 2nd Order Systems o Overdamped ( : two

different real roots, takes longer to converge than critically

damped without oscillating. o Critically damped ( : the

imaginary part goes to 0, so there is a double real root. Converges to zero as fast as possible without oscillating. o Underdamped ( frequency ( Harmonic Excitation o Excitation frequency: frequency at which the force is exiting the system o Frequency response ( o Magnification factor (| ): measure of the system response to a harmonic |): the amplitude of forced vibration motion with 1): complex roots, oscillates at the damped natural

), takes longer to converge.

excitation of frequency ( ); usually complex.

respect to the magnification of the static deflection as a function of the frequency ratio ( / ) o Resonance condition: violent vibration when the excitation frequency equals to the natural frequency ( ) o Harmonic balance: balances the response to ensure is steady state, by equating each Periodic Excitation o Periodic functions can be expressed as linear combinations of harmonic functions by Fourier series. o Superposition can be used to combine individual responses for each individual excitation. o The series can be either in exponential (complex form) or trigonometric (real form) functions. o Fundam. frequency ( ): called 1st harmonic, wh. is the p harmonic. o For periodic function even with time, the Fourier series reduces to a cosine terms. o For periodic function odd with time, the Fourier series reduces to a sine terms. o Frequency ratio: determines the systems performance coefficient creating 2 equations, which have to be satisfied.