Committee: Security Council Topic: Cooperation between the UN and Regional Bodies

Country: Argentina Delegate: Joycelyn Woo (joycelynwoo@hotmail.com); DGS Argentina has always been poised to help regional disputes be solved within the region itself under various regional bodies. In one recent successful case, former Argentine President Nestor Kirchner, in his capacity as head of the regional body UNASUR, paved the way for dialogue to happen between two quarrelling nations. Colombia and Venezuela had cut off diplomatic relations over accusations that Venezuela was harbouring Marxist guerrillas. Colombia and Venezuela later announced they were re-establishing ties. Argentina demands respect for each countrys sovereignty and human rights. Therefore, Argentina believes that the best way to settle conflicts endangering international peace and security is to first seek a solution by negotiation, enquiry and mediation. The imposition of sanctions and the deployment of peacekeepers should only be used as the last resort when the situation deems it absolutely necessary. As stated in Chapter VIII of the UN Charter, member states should make every effort to achieve pacific settlement of local disputes through such regional arrangements or by such regional agencies before referring them to the Security Council. In addition, the Security Council shall, at all times, be kept fully informed of activities undertaken or in contemplation under regional arrangements or by regional agencies for the maintenance of international peace and security. This, Argentina believes, is the way to go. Though the Security Council continues to uphold the primary responsibility for the maintenance of global peace and security, the delegation of peace-making to regional bodies can lighten the burden of the Council as well as resolve regional conflicts in the most efficient and least costly way. Hence, Argentina believes that the peaceful settlement of conflicts such as mediation and negotiation should first be carried out by regional bodies. In the meantime, there should be consultation between the regional body and the Security Council. Either formal consultation, in the form of periodic reports to the General Assembly, and less formal consultation, in the form of consultive meetings between the Secretary General and heads of the regional body, would both be suitable. Argentina hopes that the Security Council would also offer diplomatic support to regional organization if necessary. Drastic peace-making measures such as the the imposition of economic sanctions or the deployment of peacekeepers should be avoided unless absolutely necessary and the attempts

Committee: Security Council Topic: Cooperation between the UN and Regional Bodies of other alternatives are to no avail. Due to the severe nature of these measures, it must be ensured that economic sanctions and deployment of peacekeepers will not be exercised arbitrarily. Hence, Argentina believes that no single organization, be it regional bodies or the Security Council, should have the authority to deploy troops or impose sanctions without the others consent. The Security Council should actively seek ways to cooperate with regional bodies in the forms of operation support, co-deployment and joint operations, if drastic measures are deemed absolutely necessary. To end, Argentina endeavors to play the role of a regional bridge-builder in Latin America and promotes the regional settlement of disputes. Argentina urges all nations to support the closer cooperation between the Security Council and regional bodies such that peace-making tasks can be decentralized and regional efforts can be validated with the weight of the United Nations.

Committee: Security Council Topic: Cooperation between the UN and Regional Bodies Country: People Republic of China Delegate: Samantha Ip (140042@hkis.edu.hk), Gary Chen (140940@hkis.edu.hk); HKIS Under the UN Charter, the Security Council has primary responsibility for maintaining international peace. However, the influence of regional bodies has increased in recent years due to the complexity and urgency of problems that require focused resolution. The Peoples Republic of China believes that the UN can best cooperate with regional bodies through creation of a subcommittee to organize relations, increased resource sharing, and two-way communication and approval. As a member of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, Asia Cooperation Dialogue, and Shanghai Cooperation Organization, China realizes the importance of multilateral organizations and has been taking an active role in promoting countries participation in such organizations since 1994. In the mid-1990s, China adopted a new security concept suggested by Asia Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, which contrasts with Cold War security concepts and asserts that a country is more safe when its neighboring nations are safe. With this notion in mind, Chinas primary principle of its multilateral diplomacy has been, and will continue to be promoting regional security as a responsible superpower with expanding economic and military capabilities. Although China firmly believes in the importance of regional bodies exerting normative influence over their members, it is concerned with the lack of mechanisms and specific rules that will help to achieve such a goal. While China respects regional organizations independence, the UN should nonetheless remain as the supreme power when determining actions to be taken. Regional organizations must report their proposed actions - economic, military, or otherwise - to the appropriate UN committee for majority approval before implementation. Although these UN decisions are technically non-binding on the regional bodies, they lend legitimacy to the bodies actions, especially for peacekeeping missions. These proposals may also include requests for funding or personnel from the UNs much larger resource pool, which will enhance the success of proposed actions, and can also serve as a check on those organizations as only actions that are approved by the international community will be granted aid. In order to facilitate efficient cooperation between UN bodies and the multitude of regional organizations, China proposes the establishment of the UN Subcommittee on Coordination of Regional Bodies (UNCRB) responsible for organizing bodies requests, carrying out resource allocation, crafting project timetables, and coordinating joint workshops. Regarding peacekeeping and crisis resolution, the Security Council should oversee joint military workshops focused on enforcing a common code of conduct among regional and UN peacekeeping forces and standardizing terminology in order to minimize possible

Committee: Security Council Topic: Cooperation between the UN and Regional Bodies misunderstandings. In addition, regional bodies are highly encouraged to communicate the details of localized issues requiring international attention, in order to prevent and solve emergency crises. These organizations are more familiar with the nuances of regional issues, and are a valuable resource to the UN. In conclusion, the Peoples Republic of China sees the benefits of incorporating regional bodies into international dialogue under the UN. Through creation of the UN Subcommittee on Coordination of Regional Bodies to facilitate cooperation, along with increased two-way communication, China hopes that this goal can become a reality.

Committee: Security Council Topic: Cooperation between the UN and Regional Bodies Country: French Republic Delegate: Brian Wong (brian.ys.wong@online.island.edu.hk); Island School Positioned on the verge of a new technological era, the French Republic acknowledges the future as a double-edged sword: whilst technology certainly has its benefits; it may also result in catastrophic consequences, such as nuclear terrorism and warfare. The only solution to issues of such nature, as viewed by the French Republic, is via close collaboration between the United Nations and regional bodies. The French Republic readily acknowledges the United Nations as the crux to maintain global stability, but also the need for regional bodies to assist the UN in carrying out its duties. An example where regional entities have succeeded where the UN lacked was the African Union Mission in Somalia, which the French Republic strongly supported. With the fall of the dictator General Barre in 1991, Somalia descended into warlord anarchy that killed over 8 million lives and threatened the regional political stability. Yet the response with the UN, aside from the failed US-led intervention, was horrifyingly minimal. The crisis was only mitigated in September 2012, when the African Union successfully intervened as a regional body to purge the remnants of terror in the nation. Another more recent example is the Libyan Civil War, where Gaddafis violent suppression of protestors and civilians was only resolved by the intervention of the Arabian League. Recognising the efforts of these regional bodies in fulfilling practical and regional duties otherwise deemed inappropriate or unsuitable to be conducted by the United Nations, the French Republic has been a strong supporter of the European Union economic constitution that has driven commercial and social progress in Europe. The Republic of Frances delegate to the UN, Gerard Araud, reaffirmed in the 6477th meeting of the Security Council that the European Union had been and remained a prime mover on the international stage, especially following the entry into the force of the Lisbon Treaty. This delegate fully endorses the efforts of regional bodies such as the EU in maintaining social stability and health standards in countries such as Haiti post-disaster, and recommends the continuation of this responsibility. The French Republic welcomes and embraces all forms of economic co-ordination and humanitarian assistance that are managed by regional bodies, and celebrates the efforts of regional bodies in providing labour and manpower to realise international goals and aims. Certain internationally approved regional bodies may also be given moderate peacekeeping abilities. Yet the fundamental line lies in that the French Republic refuses all forms of

Committee: Security Council Topic: Cooperation between the UN and Regional Bodies imperialistic exploitation of these regional bodies in meeting the vested interests of individual nations and powers. Overall, this delegate wishes for a peaceful and constructive conference that can truly address the practical concerns of the issues at hand.

Committee: Security Council Topic: Cooperation between the UN and Regional Bodies Country: Germany Delegate: Laura McKeown (laura.e.mck@gmail.com); FIS The cooperation between the UN and Regional Bodies has become important due to the increasing importance of regional bodies in managing regional conflicts, such as the African Unions aid in helping improve the instability in Somalia. Moreover, it is necessary for the UN to establish a framework in order to coordinate these regional bodies, to help ameliorate future action. Germany would not be averse to the UN setting up an international framework of regional bodies as Germany feels a need to cultivate old friendships more intensely as well as make new ones, and is a member of several regional bodies. As part of the European Union (EU), Germany has been indirectly part of many regional and Inter-regional organizations that cooperated with the United Nations in peacekeeping and peace-related activities. For example, the EU is involved with conflict prevention (/preventative diplomacy) and post-conflict development assistance and participated in many activities, examples being Peace-making in former Yugoslavia, and sanctions assistance to Albania, Bulgaria, Croatia, Hungary, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Romania and Ukraine (1999). More recently, the EU has been involved in assisting UN mission in DR Congo, during the historic electoral process in 2006, the support of Union Mission in Darfur/Sudan (2005-2007) as well as assisting in many other areas of the world. Germany was also involved (and still is) in the Organization for the Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) which was involved in peace-keeping, humanitarian assistance, electoral supervision, and human rights monitoring, such as the Electoral supervision and human rights monitoring in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Germany is also a member of the Western European Union (WEU), which is comprised of 10 members, which overall operates as a forum for the coordination of matters of European security and defense. Around 1999, they had many successes in peace keeping and peace enforcement, such as the modernization of Albanias police force (1997-1999). Moreover, Germany, as part of these regional bodies (EU, OSCE, WEU) had many successes, and is still a member in each of these bodies today. The European Union itself works across the globe, and thus already cooperates with other regional bodies, to help it achieve its mission. Moreover, in relation to this topic of cooperation between the UN and regional bodies, Germany has already participated in this participation in the past. Currently, Germany is a member of the EU, OSCE, and WEU, and is thus already participating in the cooperation with the UN, as part of these regional bodies. Germany has therefore no aversion in cooperating with the UN as part of a regional body, and would be

Committee: Security Council Topic: Cooperation between the UN and Regional Bodies prepared to establish a framework with other countries around the world. The EU is already in cooperation with other regional bodies, including Africa, the Middle East and contributing members of the ASEAN in the peace enforcement in Indonesia, further proving that Germany, as a member of the EU, would not refuse the coordination of regional bodies, and in fact would encourage it. Germany is keen to improve its existing friendships as well as establish new ones, due to the dramatic shifting of global power. Germany has therefore invested itself in several partnerships, such as the German African partnership, a result of the German Foreign Minister Guido Westerwelles new Strategy for Africa of the German government in summer 2011. Moreover, the cooperation between Germany and regional bodies within the African continent would be accepted. Furthermore, the delegates from Germany would like to propose the setting up of UNICORR, the United Nations International Committee Overseeing Regional Relations, which would act as a committee to oversee and facilitate communication between the UN and regional bodies, as well as communication between regional bodies themselves, and would encourage not only communication, but cooperation and unity. UNICORR would serve as the framework needed at this time when regional bodies are increasingly important in managing regional conflicts, to coordinate these bodies, to ameliorate the speed and efficiency in which future problems can be dealt with. We hope to include all members of the European Union in this committee, as well as regional bodies across the globe.

Committee: Security Council Topic: Cooperation between the UN and Regional Bodies Country: Israel Delegate: Matthew Tam (wiseyoungmat@hotmail.com); CIS I. General While Israel approves of the ideology behind cooperating with regional bodies to conduct effective and efficient and real-time responses to unexpected crises, or to monitor nations conducts in compliance with international laws, Israel believes issues arise when the UN relies too much upon such regional bodies and empowers them too much. Israel is concerned over reliance on regional bodies as such bodies are, in nature, separate from the United Nations itself. Thus, the agenda such bodies bear could differ and conflict with that of the United Nations itself. A clear example would be the Arab League in its boycott against Israel, which led to and embodies a deprivation of sovereign equality for Israel in its representation in the United Nations. The fact that a regional body can persecute a nation due to racial and religious differences can be likened to mob rule and should be looked down upon by the United Nations. Israel is excluded, for similar reasons, from its natural geographical UN regional group. Until 2000, Israel was not a part of any UN regional group. In 2000, the United States of America has helped Israel gain temporary membership in the Western Europe and Others Group, and eventually permanent renewal until Israel gains membership in its natural geographical regional group. Despite this, Israel has been denied full rights to operation in the UN due to its status as a temporary member to the regional group. Such is precisely due to the over-reliance on regional bodies and groups on the part of the UN. Cooperation with regional bodies may aid the UN in reacting and responding to crises and implementing international laws, but Israel is concerned with the legitimacy of regional bodies as fair and reliable representation of states, which the UN embodies. II. Particulars For decades, the Arab League has boycotted Israel in multiple areas including trade and tourism. This boycott has been banned by legislation in many other nations. In 2000, Israel was granted status of temporary member to the Western Europe and Others Group (WEOG), finally becoming a member of a UN regional group. In 2005, Israel gained permanent renewal of its temporary member status in return to its pledge to continue to seek membership in its natural geographical regional group (The Asia-pacific group).

Committee: Security Council Topic: Cooperation between the UN and Regional Bodies Country: The Russian Federation Delegate: Justin Lee (justinlee.tasman@gmail.com); LPCUWC The continuous presence and manifestation of violent conflicts and humanitarian tragedies in large parts of the world demands a greater mechanism of conflict management needed to address such situations. The proliferation of regionalism in the form of regional and subregional organizations has played a dynamic role in such conflicts. From ECOWAS intervention in Liberia, Sudan, Cote D'ivoire to NATOs intervention in Libya, the different regional responses reach from low intensity peacekeeping to high intensity peace enforcement. It is pivotal that regional organization step up to continental manifold security challenges coupled with UNs current overstretch as well as the rising phenomenon regiosceptics. In addressing the UNs vision of global security as to construct a network of effective mutually-reinforcing multilateral mechanism there needs to be uniform judicial and resource capacity across all continents to be emancipate and complement global peace and security. The Russian federation believes that the simultaneous enhancement of strategic and regional stability is instrumental to international peace-making. It champions the close cooperation between the UN and regional organizations in elaborating concerted approaches to resolve conflict situations through constructive dialogue and broader partner relations between the two. As a result of this, Russia continues to play an integral role in the organization and development of regional peacekeeping organizations. Russias voluntary contribution to the mechanism of the Pan-African organization to finance peacekeeping operations in the region and the establishment of the African standby force will continue to facilitate the strengthening of African continent anti-crisis potential. The Russian federation has also bolstered regional stability in Somalia and western African states through supporting regional organizations with naval presence in the region to reinforce the international legal basis of combating piracy but acting in strict conformity to international law. In the socioeconomic sphere, the Russian federation has continuously mobilized greater regional economic interaction. Shown through our active participation in activities of the UN Economic commission for Europe(ECE) and the UN economic and social commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) In regards to major politico-economic regional organizations, the Russian federations strives to develop intensive, stable and long term cooperation with devoid of expectancy fluctuations. Particular attention should be paid to European unions developing integrated energy sector and attempts at pursuing artic extraction of resources. Furthermore its emerging political-military dimension should be constantly be under surveillance as both actors should work persistently to mediate peace upon protracted

Committee: Security Council Topic: Cooperation between the UN and Regional Bodies conflicts. Though on a number of parameters, NATOs present-day military and political guidelines lie in tension or even contradict the security interest of the Russian federation. The federation expresses its concern over the new strategic concept which does not exclude the conduct of use-of-force operations outside the zone of application of the Washington treaty. It expresses regret and concern over the expansion of NATO. In reflection of this, the Russian Federation wishes to maintain and progress the positive dynamism of its relationship with ASEAN countries and the shanghai Five in whose the creation the russian federation played a decisive role. In proposition of a new framework to improve greater fluidity in discussion and interaction, the Russian federation echoes the further expansion and revitalization of resolution 2033 which was passed to improve coordination and consultation of regional organizations, most primarily the African union, through timely consultations and collaborative field missions of the two councils. The federation further encourages the reformation in the format and mechanism of consultations. Due to the restrictive nature of formative dialogue in the council, informative dialogue and interaction should act as viable format for two councils to engage in serious substantive discussion. Besides full reporting of information and discussion to the security council in the form of factual information to authorize peace operations, reportings should be capitalized strategically through the inclusion of strong recommendations to the security council. The Russian federation would also encourage the exploration of joint-field missions, such as a joint dispatch mission between the AU forces and United nations peacekeeping forces in conflict zones. The federation believes that the geographical proximity and political legitimacy of regional forces will only further fortify the success and sustainability of promoting peace and security. The federation of Russia regards sanctions as a definitive tool in achieving politico-diplomatic resolution of conflict situations. Sanction measures should not go beyond the scope of relevant security council resolutions and allow broad and arbitrary judicial interpretations. This reflects upon the federations hesitation upon granting full autonomy to regional organizations to enforce and dictate UN peacekeeping due to their questionable impartiality and neutrality. The potential harm of regionalization leading to unilateralism should be an important consideration upon discussion. In conclusion, regional organization should seek to play an active role in the preservation of peace and security, but should not do so in the name of sacrificing the authority and dignity of the United nations.

Committee: Security Council Topic: Cooperation between the UN and Regional Bodies Country: South Africa Delegate: Christopher Au (christopher_au@student.aishk.edu.hk); AIS Throughout the course of history regional bodies have been established for many reasons, but the main purpose of most regional bodies is to ensure peace during times of war. In cases such as the African union mission in Somalia, the role of the United Nations to assist regional bodies has been successful. This success was mainly due to the effective cooperation between the UN and the African Union, which allowed the UN to provide effective peacebuilding and to help establish a government. However events such as the Libyan civil war and its resulting casualties and the lack of assistance from the United Nations demonstrated the importance of improving the relations between the UN and the regional bodies. South Africa believes that the lack of effective communication by the UN and also the lack of effective financial management is the main problem to this issue. Many communication barriers currently exist between the UN and the regional bodies, examples of these include language barriers, lack of regular meetings and also differing stances towards issues have all hindered the efforts made to solving this issue. The financial aspect of UN peacekeeping missions with regional bodies has also been a major issue. UN peacekeeping missions have cost around 3.6 billion US dollars annually sometimes generating little success. Finance has affected the resolution of conflict between the UN and the regional bodies, greatly with peacekeeping personnel dropping from a peak of 80000 men and women in 1993 to 14500 in November 1998. Currently South Africa is a key member of the African Union (AU) and has worked hard to ensure peace and prosperity towards all countries in Africa. Issues such as the establishment of a government in Somalia have all been resolved successfully thanks to the effective cooperation between the AU and the UN. As a result South Africa believes that the UN can play a major role in resolving issues of conflict such as civil wars and regional disputes and offers its full support towards all peacekeeping missions led by the UN in collaboration with the AU. South Africa believes that the issue can be resolved by establishing a separate committee within the UN, comprising of representatives from all regional bodies. This committee will allow regional bodies to report all incidents of conflict to the United Nations and its peacekeeping force, so that peacekeeping missions will be conducted more effectively. Another improvement that could be made in this area is to establish a training scheme involving both the peacekeepers and soldiers of regional bodies. This scheme will allow better communication between the two parties and thus greater outcomes during conflict.

Committee: Security Council Topic: Cooperation between the UN and Regional Bodies South Africa would like to express its appreciation towards all member states in their efforts to help improve the cooperation between the UN and the regional bodies and hopes that the issue will be resolved as soon as possible at the next United Nations Security Council to ensure global peace and security.

Committee: Security Council Topic: Cooperation between the UN and Regional Bodies Country: The Republic of Turkey Delegate: Kevin Chen (ckeviny@gmail.com); Yew Chung International School In recent years, the involvements of Regional Bodies to assist in the maintenance of international political stability have been both wildly in success, or lack thereof. These Regional Bodies have been successful in certain cases, having achieved peace where UN was unable to. Most notably, in the case of Somalia - In 2012, in the lawless country of Somalia, a national government which once controlled only several city blocks in the capital of Mogadishu was successful in ejecting the Al-Shabab rebels from all major cities and towns, with the aid of the Regional Body, African Union Mission to Somalia troops. This is an achievement by the Regional Body; the African Union Mission to Somalia could not be made by the UN peacekeepers. Sadly, there was lack of success as well in this case, in September 2012, although the African Union to Somalia mission appeared to have achieved their basic goal, it does not support the fact that an effective, long term governance in Somalia will be established to maintain long term peace. From this case, the Republic of Turkey believes that it can be seen that Regional Bodies conducting military action for peace is more effective than UN conducting military action for peace, but in terms of maintaining peace for the long term, it is UN who is the better supervisor. This is where the need for UN cooperation comes in, to help maintain long term peace in a country. Therefore, one calls for the need to greater UN cooperation with regional bodies to maximize their contribution to world peace. We stand here today as the delegation of the Republic of Turkey. As a member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), Turkey would like to encourage the close collaboration of the two regional bodies, as well as cooperation with other regional bodies such as the European Union and the African Union to ensure world peace. The Republic of Turkey believes there is not enough dialogue between the United Nations and above mentioned regional bodies. The Republic of Turkey is a strong supporter of the collaboration between regional bodies and the UN, as the combination of these bodys efforts would help thwart any attempt to threaten peace. The Republic of Turkey would like to suggest assigning NATO an observer status within the UN to bring the two organizations closer. Other regional bodies such as the AU and EU have already been granted an observer status in the UN, and the Republic of Turkey believes that granting NATO the same would certainly help to combat terrorism that plaques many countries.

Committee: Security Council Topic: Cooperation between the UN and Regional Bodies Country: Uganda Delegate: Sarah Ku (sarahkuyan@gmail.com); Heep Yunn The Republic of Uganda recognises the occurrence of existing conflicts in many parts of the world, especially in Africa and Asia in recent years. We are extremely concerned about the effectiveness of current attempts. In face of many arising conflicts, cooperation between regional and international bodies is vital to peacekeeping effort, as this is the key to reaching a tangible solution as soon as possible to resolve conflicts and reduce harm to the civilians. As a member of the United Nations and the African Union, Uganda emphasises the importance of regional and international bodies in peacekeeping efforts. Uganda has supported numerous campaigns and contributed to regional bodies, especially the African Union. For example, we have contributed personnels and resources for the Mission in Somalia, as there are 17,700 troops, primarily from Uganda, Kenya and Burundi, currently fighting al-Shabab militants in hope of maintaining long term stability. Ugandan troops account for more than a third of the U.N.-mandated African peacekeepers battling these al Qaeda-linked Islamist rebels in Somalia. We have also supported the African Unions campaign against the Lords Resistance Army. The African Unions hunt for the rebel leader, Joseph Kony, is mainly carried out by our military forces. Uganda believes in having mutual support and assistance between UN and regional bodies. As our vice president Edward Kiwanuka Ssekandi said, in cases where nations cannot resolve conflicts by themselves, sub-regional organizations should take the initiative and step in so as to maintain peace and stability in the region. The use of regional bodies has comparatively more discerning knowledge of the conflicts as they are in close proximity with the regions and have a greater involvement in resolving conflicts. We have a strong preference for such homegrown solutions, as external influences or interventions from the international community may not always offer sustainable and effective solutions. In fact, in many cases, such as the conflict in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, international influence without cooperation with regional bodies has led to destabilising effect. Therefore, Uganda believes regional bodies should be the chief organisation in taking up the role of peacekeeping, whereas the United Nations international support and legitimacy to regional bodies is appreciated. We believe the United Nations involvement without proper cooperation might potentially create backlash, as seen in the recent wrong accusation in a leaked UN report about Uganda supporting M23 rebels in fighting the Democratic Republic of Congo government. If

Committee: Security Council Topic: Cooperation between the UN and Regional Bodies countries contributing to regional bodies are misinterpreted by the United Nations through false and unjust accusations that are not supported by any evidence, the United Nations would undermine the political and security gains in the previous years and create detrimental harm to relationship between nations. As more regional conflicts may arise in the near future, Uganda supports the creation of a framework concerning the cooperation between the United Nations and regional bodies in order to facilitate negotiation between countries, monitor agreements, protect civilians and maintain the rule of law. Regional bodies, who are often directly affected by the conflicts, should be involved in directing major tasks, such as distributing military and peacekeeping forces in affected regions, maintaining security in affected areas, and deciding the way to uphold peace and security. The United Nations can provide funding and jointly cooperating with regional bodies, such as AU, ECOWAS, and the EU. Uganda strongly believes that regional efforts would be more effective than external influence from international community, as problems are more well identified and countries of close proximity would be more capable of creating tangible and successful plans to target root causes and facilitate the resolve of conflicts.

Committee: Security Council Topic: Cooperation between the UN and Regional Bodies Country: United Kingdom Delegate: Nicholas Tang (12tangn1@rchk.edu.hk); RCHK As a key member of several Regional Organizations, the United Kingdom conveys its utmost gratitude towards organizations that strive to improve our world. Many organizations around the world, such as the European Union (EU), African Union (AU) and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) have had significant impact on international relations and events. The United Kingdom firmly believes regional bodies play a significant role in maintaining world security and economy. Mistrust and doubt has weakened cooperation between regional bodies and nations. For example, the assassination of known terrorist Osama Bin Laden in the May of 2011. The United States of America entered Pakistan without attempting diplomatic channels. Cooperation between respective regional bodies through diplomatic means would eliminate any misunderstanding and improve relations between nations. Regional bodies must cooperate and coordinate with the United Nations. This link must be established to ensure that concerns and arguments of the different regional groups are addressed and received by the international community in a fair and open manner. This is to further ensure that regional organizations do not act rashly without first attempting rational discussions through the appropriate diplomatic means with the international community. Through the development and enhanced cooperation between regional organizations and connection and the United Nations, a international community of regional bodies is established. This International community can develop strong international ties between nations, resulting in greater levels of cooperation, discussion, understanding and friendship.

Committee: Security Council Topic: Cooperation between the UN and Regional Bodies Country: Ukraine Delegate: Mark Law (11lawmt1@kgv.hk); KGV The United Nations Security Council was created to maintain international peace and security by determining the substance of a threat to said peace, and encouraging the appropriate parties to settle such disputes through peaceful means and other recommended methods discussed specifically during SC sessions. This calls for unbridled trust between the UNSC and the regional bodies who are able to influence the local situation directly, and uphold the peace. To quote Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter, Article 54, The Security Council shall at all times be kept fully informed of activities undertaken or in contemplation under regional arrangements or by regional agencies for the maintenance of internal peace and security. It is evident that in order to function to its full potential and achieve its goals, the Security Council must be able to rely on the respective regional bodies to carry out the duties assigned by the SC. In the past, in many situations that have resulted in threats to national sovereignty, the SC had enlisted regional bodies to serve as the medium for discussion in attempts to resolve the crises, which have shown to have had a much stronger effect than what the SC could have achieved on its own, without the need for force or economic sanctions which could result in heightened tensions. Formerly part of the USSR, the Ukraine has experienced first hand the influence of a regional body over the states that it governs. Currently being a country bordered by a trading bloc to the west, namely the European Union, the Ukraine clearly can understands the influence and authority of regional bodies on areas within their jurisdiction. Thus the Ukraine deems it imperative that the UN seek to build connections with the various regional bodies in order to resolve current crises such as the Syrian civil war, and also in further crises 1. Increase involvement of regional bodies in UN affairs 2. Regional bodies get to retain their sovereignty and independence 3. Encourage the development of pacific settlement of local disputes through regional arrangements or such regional bodies 4. Encourage member nations to make every effort to achieve pacific settlement over local disputes through such regional bodies before referring them to the security council Ukraine looks forward to working with member states in negotiations in hope that the

Committee: Security Council Topic: Cooperation between the UN and Regional Bodies influence of regional bodies can be recognized and ultimately be involved in resolving of crises and political problems in the international community.

Committee: Security Council Topic: Cooperation between the UN and Regional Bodies Country: United States Delegate: Alison Wong (alisonytwong@gmail.com), Brian Yim (emirateslad@hotmail.com); GSIS As the delegation of the United States of America, we firmly support and acknowledge the significance of cooperation between the United Nations and various regional bodies worldwide in matters of preserving and maintaining peace around the globe. There have been several peacekeeping efforts of the United Nations in conjunction with regional organizations that have been proved successful and efficient in the past, such as the cooperation of the UN and NATO in the crisis of Libya. Being a founding member of the North Atlantic Trade Organization (NATO), the United States of America has taken an active role in this situation. The United States of America participated in a multi-state coalition military intervention in an attempt to implement the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1973, a measure adopted in response to events during the civil war in Libya starting at 2011, which resulted in the removal of Libyan dictator Muammar Gaddafi. Such involvement shows how cooperation has a great potential in being successful in the future and the United States of America encourages active involvement in all occurrences that regional bodies take part in the UN's strive to sustain peace. However, there have been other occasions where the UN and regional bodies have both engaged in an attempt to solve a single conflict, but, due to the lack of communication and inadequate mutual understanding, have not been able solve the problems effectively. In an attempt to moderate the civil war in Liberia and Sierra Leone and return both countries to a peaceful state, the regional body ECOWAS deployed a ceasefire monitoring group (ECOMOG) in order to regulate the situations in both states. The UN did not effectively fund nor support ECOWAS, resulting in the withdrawal of ECOWAS troops in all of the regions involved, and thus failing to alleviate the crisis. The main issue resulting in the manifestation of such situations originates from ineffective communication, poor logistics and lack of organised personnel, which are the issues that the United States of America believes the UN should address in order to prevent such occurrences from happening in the future. In the present situation, the President of the General Assembly recently acknowledged that the importance of regional bodies such as the European Union (EU) and the African Union (AU) as significant future partners of the UN, and have created ties with such regional bodies to tackle problems on a global scale. The United States of America is pleased with such development within the UN and encourages further alliances between the UN and the regional bodies in the near future. In order to ensure progress in the cooperation of the UN and the regional bodies, the United States of America recognizes the importance of implementing a framework to regulate

Committee: Security Council Topic: Cooperation between the UN and Regional Bodies United Nations cooperation between regional bodies, so that their potential in contributing to the maintenance of world peace can be fully maximised.Cooperation between the UN and regional bodies should be based on the comparative advantages of each body to ensure the optimum complementarity of efforts while maintaining the primacy of the UN in the maintenance of international peace and security, eliminating unhealthy competition between both parties. The United States of America proposes that the UN forms a committee under the UN Security Council in which allocated persons working under the UN meet with representatives from each regional body to effectively share information between them. This can ensure that each side has the mutual understanding of the progress on each side, so that aid and expertise can be given to whichever side that needs it. Consultation with the UN must be made by the regional bodies before official action is undertaken, and a series of mechanisms such as channels for regular communications will facilitate faster decision making and coordination. In an attempt to resolve the pressing issue of failing logistics, the UN should ensure that personnel involved in the operation are well organized and trained, consistent with the UN doctrine and training standards, through cooperation with includes regional bodies. A joint understanding of underlying principles on which the rules of engagement are based should be relayed to all persons within the operation, which will increase consistency within both the UN and the regional bodies. Understanding the crucial role which each regional body possesses in the maintenance of international peace is essential, and the proposed frameworks should also promote further understanding and communication between both parties. This action turns cooperation between the UN and regional bodies into a continuous and dynamic process, so both organisations have a concise and clear notion about the mandates of the UN, thus reducing confusion on either side. The United States of America strongly believes that with the correct implementation of guidelines, it is clearly possible for the UN to cooperate coherently with all regional bodies. Therefore, this delegation looks forward to discussing possible measures with all member states of the UN Security Council in order to successfully achieve a framework that can benefit all parties involved.