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But they should be protected not only for your benet but also for the benet of future generations
- Mahinda Chinthana -
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Sri Lanka has from time to time experienced natural and manmade catastrophes that resulted in civilians being displaced but has faced the consequences of each of those bravely and dealt with the ensuing challenges encompassing recovery, resettlement, reconstruction and the return of the displaced with remarkable success. Although there were many instances in the past when Sri Lanka on its own coped with disasters and civilian displacements, it was the havoc caused by the 2004 boxing day Tsunami that brought to focus the countrys ability to cope with disasters and face the challenges of reconstruction and resettlement following a disaster. The LTTE terrorism that ravaged Sri Lanka for over quarter of a century, devastated the economic and social fabric of the entire Northern Province. The development momentum that spread over the other parts of the country could not reach the North due to the conict. The economic framework including infrastructure of road networks, water supply and irrigation had been neglected. The social infrastructure, particularly, schools and hospitals in many areas had been destroyed before the LTTE retreated to Mullaitivu area at the nal stage of the battle. All in all, the Government had to face a mammoth task of reconstruction after the liberation of the Northern Province from the LTTE. This was, by far, the most challenging task ever to have been confronted by any successive Government of Sri Lanka since Independence. Considering the enormous task involved in rebuilding the Northern Province, His Excellency the President Mahinda Rajapaksa, appointed a Presidential Task Force for Resettlement, Development and Security Northern Province (PTF) under my Chairmanship with the
objective of formulating a strategic framework for revitalization of the Northern Province and to implement a rapid resettlement and recovery programme. The immediate challenge for the Government was to accommodate the displaced civilians consequent to the humanitarian operation. By that time, there were nearly 45,000 50,000 IDPs who were accommodated in several welfare centres. With the large number of IDPs who returned immediately after the humanitarian operation, the Government decided to accommodate them in suitable locations, with all basic facilities. The Menik Farm was chosen to be the most suitable location for accommodation of these people. The Government immediately set up administrative and security structures at Menik Farm rstly, to ensure protection and thereafter, set up excellent arrangements to provide them with food, medicine and all other essential services. The Government took over the ownership and responsibility for administration of relief villages with a National Co-ordinating Committee headed by the Minister of Resettlement who represented the Vanni electoral district. This Committee was responsible for supervision and management of relief villages at Menik Farm together with the District Committee, all Line Ministries as well as UN Agencies and NGOs engaged in providing relief assistance. The facilities provided in the welfare villages took various forms; major emphasis being placed on food, health & nutrition, education, water & sanitation, security, protection, psychosocial work and recreation. Many visiting dignitaries and heads of UN Agencies appreciated the Government efforts in treating the IDPs with safety and dignity. Presidential Task Force
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The Presidential Task Force launched a Master Plan which was named Uthuru Vasanthaya embodying the priority tasks required to be implemented to facilitate the relief, humanitarian assistance and resettlement programme and also to rehabilitate infrastructure facilities. The Plan was formulated through a consultative process enlisting co-operation from Line Ministries, the Provincial Council, Sri Lanka Armed Forces, UN Agencies, INGOs and was implemented through a well co-ordinated monitoring process. The resettlement process was supported by the INGOs, UN Agencies and the donors. Their contribution, particularly in providing relief and humanitarian assistance, has been a major contributory factor for implementing a sustained resettlement programme. The experience gained through resettlement in the Eastern Province which was named Nagenahira Navodaya (Reawakening of East) under my constant supervision has been of immense benet in planning the new challenge of resettlement in the Northern Province. The biggest challenge confronted initially, was to implement a speedy demining programme to facilitate an accelerated resettlement process. The Sri Lanka Army played a pivotal role in demining operations assisted by several INGOs which were funded by donors. A substantial investment had been made by the Government, particularly in procuring Flail Machines which were airlifted to accelerate the demining operation. Next challenge was to rehabilitate the basic infrastructure in order for the people to benet from the delivery services and also to recommence their economic activities. The 180-Day Action Programme initiated by the Presidential Task Force under Uthuru Vasanthaya brought forward solutions to re-establish essential services that were to be put in place prior to the resettlement of displaced families and also to support the early recovery process to help them recommence economic activities. While attending to the initial phase of resettlement, the Government took the initiative to reconstruct major infrastructure facilities as well. The Government rmly believed that restoration of infrastructure is a key element in rebuilding the Northern Region, because it helps stability and sustainability. Having realized the enormous investment that is required for rehabilitation of major infrastructure network, the Government took initiatives to secure the funds required for this investment. The Government has already secured nearly US$ 3.2bn. for rehabilitation and development
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of social and economic infrastructure in the Northern Province. Initially, considerable funds have been released to facilitate relief, humanitarian and early recovery initiatives by various projects operated in the Northern Province under the Ministry of Economic Development. In fact, almost all external funds received during the past three years have been directed towards infrastructure development of the Northern Province and this shows the political commitment of the Government to resuscitate its damaged infrastructure. These include reconstruction of major road and railway networks and restoration of power supply. Progress achieved so far has been satisfactory. By constructing road and railway networks and rehabilitating the telecommunication network, a better accessibility to connect the Northern Province with the rest of the country is being achieved. This will encourage business investments as well. A major project for the supply of water and the improvement of the sewerage system in the Jaffna Peninsula has been implemented. Many areas of Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu Districts, where electricity was not available over the past 30 years have been provided with electricity through the National Grid. The restoration of health and education sectors during the past two years has contributed to promote the quality of life of the people. Through functioning of almost all preventive and curative care institutions, the Health Sector provides satisfactory medical services throughout the Province. The education system has been re-established with over 900 schools now functioning with a student population of 260,582 and 13,967 teachers. The private sector has already moved into the Northern Province with the restoration of normalcy, which is the biggest investment the Government offered for private sector investment in the Province. This has encouraged developing a diverse and sustainable economy with a wide range of employment opportunities for the local population including tourism, agriculture and sheries. The banking sector has opened up its networks in all the districts to support the resettled communities to rebuild their lives. The civil administration and the Judiciary are now in place, contributing towards the stability of the Province. Many police stations have now been reopened and civil security is looked after by the Police. Local Authority elections in the Northern Province were not held since 1990. The right of franchise of the people living in the Northern Province has been restored. The people
had the freedom for the rst time to elect people of their choice. The GoSL acted expeditiously to enable Provincial Council election to take place in the Eastern Province shortly after the East was liberated. The elections of local authorities in the Northern Province were held on 23rd July, 2011 in 32 Pradeshiya Sabhas in all 5 districts of the Northern Province and 378 members were elected for the rst time in decades. The people in the areas previously dominated by the LTTE had the opportunity to participate in the democratic process without duress. The prospering of political plurality in these areas can be seen by the triumph of the opposition party in the North whereas the main Government Party emerged triumphant in the East and came second in the North during the General Election held in 2010. Already, 142,230 families have been resettled in all the districts of the Province. This, of course, is an impressive record to be achieved in less than two and a half years. These achievements, despite internal and
external challenges unequivocally demonstrate the sincere commitment of the Government to rebuild the Northern Province from conict to stability. This publication is intended to elucidate the signicant development of the Northern Province following the resettlement of Internally Displaced People (IDPs) since 2009. A comprehensive record of achievements was not available in print and that has been a major drawback in showcasing the massive development work carried out consequent to the defeat of terrorism. The cherished objective of the Government led by His Excellency the President was to develop the Province through an accelerated reconstruction programmes as a prelude to a durable solution to the conict that engulfed the country for nearly three decades.
Basil Rajapaksa, MP Minister of Economic Development and Chairman, Presidential Task Force for Resettlement, Development & Security Northern Province
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Message from
Sri Lanka as a Nation is today at cross roads. Almost three years have passed, since the brutal war that killed many people, including many innocent civilians, came to an end. The end of war didnt simply mean that there would be peace and prosperity. The damage caused to the infrastructure, livelihood, and dwellings and as a whole to the economy of the country was enormous. With the ending of the war emerged new challenges, to the Government. The Government had to deal with those challenges and overcome them. It was also the responsibility of the Government to bring forth the public sector, the business community and the civil society together to embark on this mammoth task to ensure that the Nation would be able to overcome these challenges and make progress. Otherwise the words development, progress and prosperity may well be conned only to the vocabulary. Under the guidance of His Excellency the President Mahinda Rajapaksa and in keeping with the Mahinda Chinthana vision, we have designed various programmes to be implemented in the Northern Province, to overcome these challenges. This programme is known as Vaddakin Vassantham. Priority was given to resettle the displaced civilians as fast as possible and to build houses, roads, bridges, schools, hospitals and all other basic infrastructure facilities. The Government was also keen to create an environment where the citizens of this country can live as equals, live with dignity without any fear and work towards the progress of the nation. The Government was committed to the ideal that only through such a course of action we can create meaningful and sustainable peace. Most of the security related hurdles that were in operation prior to the war have now been removed. For example, travel pass system, prior approval for travel to North, security clearance for shing, check points, road blocks,
checking on roads, house to house searches, checking of lodges, curfews, emergency regulations, closure of roads for security reasons, registration with the army, army identity cards, etc. are no more in force. Most of the schools used by the army have now been handed back; those schools have been rehabilitated and are functioning now. Places of worship and public places that were under security zones or banned for use due to security concerns have now been opened to the public. For example, Mavidapuram Kandaswamy Temple, Keerimalai Holy Tank, Keerimalai Naguleswarars Temple, Casuarina Beach, Vatrrapalai Kannaki Amman Temple, Killinochchi Kandaswamy Temple, Madhu Church, Thiruketheeswarm Temple etc. The High Security Zones have been shrunk and people were allowed to settle. The misguided youths have been the main victims of this war. Thousands of those misguided former LLTE cadres who had surrendered and or arrested during the war have already been rehabilitated and handed over to their parents. The opening of the A9 route was like an opening to heaven for the people of Jaffna. Widening and carpeting of A9 road is underway. The rehabilitation of the Northern railway track that was completely destroyed has already commenced. Many bridges that were completely destroyed and the long awaited Sangupiddy bridge constructed. Thousands of acres of cultivable lands that were not permitted for cultivation have been cleared of landmines and released for cultivation. The Government has also succeeded in bringing the private sector, NGOs and the INGOs to share with its rehabilitation and development initiative. Many rehabilitation programmes were carried out with the Presidential Task Force
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participation of the NGOs and INGOs. The business community today is competing with each other to invest in development projects in the North. In conclusion, I would like to reiterate that our collective task as a Nation today under the courageous leadership of His Excellency Mahinda Rajapaksa is not only to rebuild lives, hopes and dreams but to create a conducive conditions for anyone to live fearlessly and to travel freely to any part of the country. We have come a long way within this short span of three years and will continue to achieve more in the future.
Hon. Douglas Devananda, MP Minister of Traditional Industries and Small Enterprises, and Co-Chairman, District Co-ordinating Committee for Jaffna and Kilinochchi Districts
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Message from
I am indeed very happy to send this message to a publication by the PTF focusing the development of the Northern Province. His Excellency Mahinda Rajapaksa, President of Sri Lanka has established political stability in the country after completely eradicating ruthless terrorism in May 2009 and bringing a peaceful environment in Sri Lanka. The political stability has paved the way for the government to maintain a high and sustainable economic growth and development in the country, and to raise the living standards of the people. The Northern Province could not participate fully in the development process during the last three decades. In the 1980s the Northern Province contributed around 8% to the Gross Domestic Product but this contribution had halved during the 30 year period of the war. After the end of the war, now it is steadily heading towards an 8% target. Uthuru Vasanthaya and other development initiatives have been contributing signicantly towards this target. Uthuru Vasanthaya includes infrastructure development projects such as A9, A32 & Point Pedro roads, major bridges, Northern railway, Ports, Airports and Telecommunication. It also embraces the Iranaimadu Irrigation project, Transport services and Water supply. In the Human Resource sector, Health & Education Infrastructure and the development of Jaffna University are the key components.
In the eld of Economic sector, abandoned paddy lands have been brought in to production with its productivity being increased. Promotion of tourism in Mannar, Jaffna and Mullaitivu districts, the development of sheries infrastructure are other important components. The Industrial ventures which were underperforming have been given a boost. Trade, tourism and investment related activities have been accelerated. Under the able guidance of Hon. Basil Rajapaksa, Minister of Economic Development and the Chairman of Presidential Task Force, over 290,000 displaced people following the humanitarian operations have been resettled in their place of origin. Only around 6,000 are awaiting resettlement and it would be completed within the next two months. However, with regard to protracted IDPs who were displaced prior to 1995 from this province and are returning to their place of origin, effective resettlement programmes have to be evolved. PTF is facilitating this resettlement process by harnessing resources and directing other stakeholders in an effective manner. I wish the PTF every success in its efforts.
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Message from
As the Governor of the Northern Province, it gives me great pleasure to send in a message to the progress report published by the Presidential Task Force for Resettlement, Development and Security in the Northern Province for the period May 2009 to December 2011. With the end of the war in May 2009 the Government of Sri Lanka was faced with a massive task of providing best possible facilities for nearly 280,000 displaced persons who had been held hostage by the LTTE and to rebuild the entire Northern Province which was severely affected by the 30 years long war. H.E. the President of Sri Lanka Mahinda Rajapaksa with the vision to provide necessary support and assistance to empower the people in the Northern Province who had been victimized and displaced to start a new life and move forward appointed a Presidential Task Force for Re-settlement, Development and Security in the Northern Province on 7th May 2009, under the chairmanship of Hon. Basil Rajapaksa MP, Minister of Economic Development. The Government through the Presidential Task Force took immediate steps to establish Welfare Centers at Menik Farm and in and around Vavuniya to provide basic facilities required for these internally displaced people, to recover from their trauma by making available shelter, water, sanitation, food, clothing, medical facilities and psychosocial support. In addition, education facilities, spiritual support, vocational training and communication facilities were also provided to link up with their relatives and next of kin. The Task Force launched the Uthuru Vasanthaya a 180-day programme at a cost of Rs. Million 13,296.78 with the objectives of resettling the displaced persons as quickly and safely as possible in their places of origin and to provide them better facilities than they previously had by way of basic infrastructure and services to pick up life and move on. In less than two and a half years the
Government was able to achieve this target by resettling almost all the IDPs. These resettled people were given basic facilities to start life again. As per the vision of the Mahinda Chinthana of His Excellency the President Mahinda Rajapaksa many development activities in all sectors which were commenced under the Uthuru Vasanthaya Programme in the Northern Province as soon as the war was over are now completed. Almost all the hospitals and schools have been renovated and opened with all necessary equipment and other facilities. There is a massive boost in the agriculture sector. Development of national and provincial roads, Northern railway line, religious places, water and sanitation, restoration of power supply, rehabilitation of major and minor tanks, canals and culverts, rehabilitation and re-commissioning of irrigation facilities, rehabilitation of Divisional Secretaries ofce, hospitals, maternity homes, schools, co-operative outlets, Agrarian services centers, Post Ofces, restoration of clean and safe drinking water, cleaning and construction of new wells, livelihood development are some of the main areas that were given priority. The Northern Provincial Council worked hand in hand with the political authorities, all District Secretaries/Government Agents and all other line Ministry ofcials as a team in a very challenging environment to implement all the Government sponsored development programmes under Uthuru Vasanthaya in a very successful manner in order to achieve His Excellency the Presidents vision under Mahinda Chinthana, during the period under review. With the peaceful atmosphere prevailing in the North after many years, the people are leading a normal life today and their living standards have prospered. As the Governor of the Northern Province I am condent that the Northern Province will contribute greatly to make His Excellencys wish to transform Sri Lanka as the emerging Wonder of Asia a reality.
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Jaffna setup a good platform and is marching rapidly on the development path to achieve sustainable social and economic growth
There has been a signicant development in almost all the sectors in Kilinochchi District within a short space of time and nearly 39,000 families have been resettled since 2009.
Mrs. R. Ketheeswaran
Government Agent/District Secretary Kilinochchi
Consequent to the signicant development taking place in Mannar District in all the sectors, people belonging to all communities feel the stability; peace and harmony in the District.
After resettlement, massive development projects are being carried out in Mullaitivu district in all the sectors. In our district rapid development has been achieved within the past two years.
Mr. N. Vethanayahan
Government Agent/District Secretary Mullaitivu
Presidential Task Force
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Mr. L. Ilaangovan
PROVINCIAL SECRETARIES
Mr. H.L.M. Haldeen -
MINISTRIES
Secretary Ministry of Agriculture, Irrigation, Livestock, Fisheries & Lands 4, Broodi Lane, Kandy Road Ariyalai, Jaffna. Secretary Ministry of Education, Cultural Affairs & Sports Jaffna Zonal Education Ofce Building, Chemmani Road, Jaffna. Secretary Ministry of Health & Indigenous Medicine Health Village, Pannai, Jaffna. Secretary (Actg.) Ministry of Local Government, Relief & Rehabilitation, Co-operative, Rural Development, Industries, Social Services and Probation & Child Care Services, Elders Home Complex, Kandy Road, Kaithady. Secretary Ministry of Infrastructure Development & Reconstruction 82, Chetty Street, Nallur, Jaffna.
Mr. S. Sathiyaseelan
Mr. R. Raveenthiran
Mr. L. Ilaangovan
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Jaffna District
Ms. Emelda Sukumar DIVISIONAL SECRETARIES Mr. A. Siri Mrs. S. Manchuladevi Mrs. E. Anton Yoganayagam Mrs. T. Babu Mrs. S. Theivendran Mr. P. Senthilnanthanan Mr. S. Muralitharan Mr. S. Sothynathan Mr. M. Nanthagobalan Mr. K. Srimohanan Mr. M. Pratheepan Mrs. A. Santhaseelan Mr. R. Varatheeswaran Mr. R.T. Jeyaseelan Mr. N. Thirulinganathan Government Agent/District Secretary DIVISION Delft Island South, Velanai Island North, Kayts Karainagar Jaffna Nallur Valikamam South West, Sandilipay Valikamam West, Chankanai Valikamam South, Uduvil Valikamam North,Tellippalai Valikamam East, Kopay Thenmarachchy, Chavakachcheri Vadamaradchy South West, Karaveddy Vadamaradchy North, Point-Pedro Vadamaradchy East, Maruthankerny
Vavuniya District
Ms. P.S.M. Charles DIVISIONAL SECRETARIES Mr. A. Sivabalasundran Mr. D.M.R.P. Dasanayake Mr. K. Paranthaman Mr. N. Kamalathasan Government Agent/District Secretary DIVISION Vavuniya Vavuniya South D.S. Division Vavuniya North D.S. Division Vengalacheddikulam D.S. Division
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Kilinochchi District
Mrs. R. Ketheeswaran DIVISIONAL SECRETARIES Gobalapillai Nageswaran Thavaselvam Muhunthan Sivapathasundaram Sathiyaseelan Subramaniyam Vasanthakumar Government Agent/District Secretary DIVISION Karachchi Kandawalai Pachchilaipalli Poonakari
Mannar District
Mr. J. A. Sarath Ravindra DIVISIONAL SECRETARIES Mrs. A. Stanley De Mel Mr. C.A. Chandriah Mr. K. Ketheeswaran Mr. M. Sriskanthakumar Mr. F.C. Sathiyasothy Government Agent/District Secretary DIVISION Mannar Town Nanattan Musali Manthai West Madhu
Mullaitivu District
Mr. N. Vethanayahan DIVISIONAL SECRETARIES Mr. Chellaiyah Dayananda Mr. Sivarajasingam Jeyakanth Mr. Thiruchelvam Thireskumar Mr. Sivablan Gunabalan Mr. Sivablan Gunabalan (Acting) Mr. W.D.N. Sirimanna Government Agent/District Secretary DIVISION Maritimepattu Puthukkudiyiruppu Oddusuddan Thunukkai Manthai East Welioya
Presidential Task Force
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Fr Conflict Northern Pro Sri xviii From Conflict to Stability - Northern Province, Sri Lanka
NECDEP NECORD NFRI NEHRP NELSIP NGO NTS NHDA NP NPC NRC NRCP NRP NTS NWS&DB PARCIC PC PDB
North East Coastal Community Development Project North East Community Restoration and Development Non-Food Relief Items North East Housing Reconstruction Programme North East Local Government Services Improvement Project Non-Governmental Organization Non-Technical Survey National Housing Development Authority Northern Province Northern Provincial Council Norwegian Refugee Council Northern Road Connectivity Project Nutrition & Rehabilitation Programme Non-Technical Survey National Water Supply & Drainage Board Pacic Asia Resource Centre Interpeoples Co-operation Provincial Council Palmyrah Development Board
RDD RDHS RDS REPPIA SCAPIN SCBU SCF SD&CC SEC SEMP SLA SLRC SLT STI TEC UMCOR UN UNDP UNHabitat UNESCO UNHCR UNICEF UNOPS USAID UXO VV VS VT WFP WRB WRDS ZOA
Road Development Department Regional Director of Health Services Rural Development Society Rehabilitation of Persons, Properties and Industries Authority Strengthening of Civil Administration Programmes in Northern Province Special Care Baby Unit Save the Children Fund State Development & Construction Corporation State Engineering Corporation Sectoral Education Mobilization Project Sri Lanka Army Sri Lanka Red Cross Sri Lanka Telecom Sexually Transmitted Infections Total Estimated Cost United Methodist Community on Relief United Nations United Nation Development Programme United Nations Human Settlement Programme United Nations Educational, Scientic and Cultural Organization United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees United Nations International Childrens Emergency Fund United Nations Ofce for Project Services United States Aid Programme Unexploded Ordnances Vadakkin Vasantham Veterinary Surgeon Vocational Training World Food Programme Water Resources Board Women Rural Development Society ZOA refugee care
PEACE Project Pro-Poor Economic Advancement and Community Enhancement Project PHCC PMCU PRDD PRP PS PSDG PSM PTF Primary Health Care Centre Primary Medical Care Unit Provincial Road Development Department Provincial Roads Project Pradeshiya Sabha Provincial Specic Development Grant Professional Supplementary to Medicine Presidential Task Force for Resettlement, Development and Security - Northern Province Peace Winds Japan Re-Awakening Project Roman Catholic Tamil Mixed School Road Development Authority
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From Conflict to Stability - Northern Province, Sri Lanka From Conflict to Stability - Northern Province, Sri Lanka
Executive Summary
Mr. S. B. Divaratne
Secretary, Presidential Task Force for Resettlement, Development and Security Northern Province
areas the civilians had to be provided with food and shelter and if required medical attention. Thereafter they had to be provided transportation to safe areas. This, invariably, took a day or two. However, within 5 7 days time, IDPs were processed and accommodated family members being accommodated together as far as possible. Until sufcient accommodation was made available, the Government took all Government schools and institutions in Vavuniya District with large buildings and accommodated IDPs in 28 centres and thereafter transferred them to the relief villages set up in Menik Farm.
tanks, vocational training centres, welfare shops, banks and post ofces were established. Places of religious worship for all religions were also established. Many organizations and individuals from the rest of the country, spontaneously and overwhelmingly responded by making donations of water, food and non-food items to the relief villages.
Approach
In view of the magnitude of the task, the PTF developed a three-prong approach for resettlement and reconstruction of a 30-year war-torn Northern Sri Lanka and has given full attention to its implementation using domestic resources as well as external assistance. These were; i. providing relief and humanitarian assistance for the resettled people and restoration of basic infrastructure in the cleared area
ii. iii.
early recovery process to support returnees to recommence their economic activities development of much needed major infrastructure and revival of the Northern Region for sustainability and stability.
The programme that envisaged this three-prong approach was aptly named Uthuru Vasanthaya (Vadakkin Vasantham) which consist the following: i. Formulation of a Master Plan - Uthuru Vasanthaya to facilitate resettlement, development and reconstruction of the Northern Province Launching of a 180-Day Accelerated Programme to implement a rapid resettlement programme and an early recovery process
(HDU) under Sri Lanka Army was set up. The Sri Lanka Army contributed greatly in the demining operations, in addition to the work of several donor funded mine action agencies. In order to support the mine action programme, the Cabinet ofcially approved the establishment of a National Mine Action Co-ordinating Body with UNDP assistance. The demining process included technical and non-technical survey. Demining operations were prioritized to facilitate rapid resettlement. Firstly, battle area and subsequently areas required for resettlement of people, land where people conduct their livelihood activities, land giving access to schools, hospitals and land with essential infrastructure that required rehabilitation were taken up as priorities. Sri Lanka achieved an impressive record in demining operation having cleared 1,319 sq. km. out of conrmed hazardous areas of 1,419 sq. km. in the North. Sri Lanka Army deserves major credit for this remarkable achievement. Restoration of Basic Infrastructure Prior to commencement of the resettlement, the GoSL spearheaded a rapid rehabilitation of infrastructure through its 180-Day Programme. Initially, priority was given to essential infrastructure. The priorities were determined by the Government to ensure effective delivery of services to the displaced civilians upon resettlement. State institutions were utilized to complete the restoration. Even in this endeavour. SL Army played a pivotal role in spearheading an urgent rehabilitation programme. The Ministry of Nation Building and Estate Infrastructure Development (presently the Ministry of Economic Development) spent nearly Rs. 4.4 billion (US$ 39.63 million) for rehabilitation of infrastructure identied as priorities. Prior Arrangements for resettlement The procedure for resettlement was adopted whilst the IDPs were in the relief villages. Based on the collection of data of each family including their native places, the District and Divisional lists based on the above data were prepared by the district ofcials. Arrangements for IDPs to go and see by making visits to their places of origin were also made prior to resettlement. This was planned to avoid fear and tension in the minds of IDPs when they are resettled in their places of origin soon after the traumatic experiences they had undergone. The Government took special action to ensure that basic facilities were available when the people were resettled. Presidential Task Force
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ii.
The objectives of the 180-Day Programme includes identication of priorities through well co-ordinated plans, enlisting support from Line Ministries to undertake activities that are required to create a conducive environment and plan out different phases of resettlement. Each district of the Northern Province had its own programme that set out work to be undertaken as priority during the 180-Day Programme. This included access to services, roads, electricity, safe drinking water and sanitation, improvements to basic infrastructure including minor irrigation, health and education, livelihood development, etc. A team of ofcials were appointed to visit the areas to assess the damage and prepare tentative estimates and to identify fund requirements. Thereafter, priorities were identied for immediate rehabilitation. Technical capacities of Government Institutions were utilized to complete such rehabilitation work. Funds available under ongoing Projects were utilized to complete such work. Launching of the 180-Day Programme brought about total solutions required for rapid resettlement and early recovery process.
A comprehensive mine risk education programme supported by UNICEF/UNDP was conducted by the security ofcials in relief villages prior to resettlement and subsequently at transitional shelters. Transportation of IDPs to transitional shelters was co-ordinated by the security forces. As the Civil Administration was just being re-established, Army ofcials at the ground supported the Civil Administration to strengthen its capacity in handling the resettlement process.
On the request of GoSL, a cash grant of Rs. 25,000 was funded by UNHCR. A total of 86,500 families have received the shelter grant as at 31.05.2012. At the latter stage, action was taken to construct semi permanent houses in place of temporary shelters as and when livelihood activities progressed. The INGOs were requested to engage more in constructing semi permanent houses rather than supporting temporary shelters. The GoSL cannot take responsibility to put up houses for all the resettled families. What was possible and what was done by the GoSL was to support them to put up temporary shelters and subsequently, to repair damaged houses and construct semi-permanent houses. The Governments aim was to develop the economic base of the people from the inception of the implementation of the resettlement programme with the hope that economic empowerment through enhancing the livelihood activities would enable them to put up their own houses.
Resettlement Package
Every resettled family was given a resettlement package. These include: Six months of dry rations Initial grant of Rs. 5,000 as part of a total Shelter Grant of Rs. 25,000 Land preparation cost of Rs. 4,000 per acre Non Food Relief Items (NFRI) (Core Kits); mosquito nets, jerry cans, kitchen sets, towels, plastic mats, bedsheets, plastic basins, GI buckets Additional NFRI on need basis; clothing, coconut scrapers, slippers, food containers, tarpaulin kits; plastic sheets (4m.x5m.), nylon ropes Hygiene packs as per UNICEF standards Return tool kits; crow bar, axe, rake, heavy carpenter hammer, shovel, mammoty, hurricane lamp, jungle knife Provision of seed paddy (02 bushels per acre per family for two acres) Roong sheets (12 nos. per family) Cement bags (8 nos. per family)
international assistance was the result of consultative process led by the Government of Sri Lanka through the PTF on assistance needed to provide humanitarian assistance. In order to streamline the UN, I/NGO contribution a Joint Plan for Assistance (JPA) was signed. The starting point for the JPA is the guidelines provided by the PTF for assistance. It was safer for the Government to promote the I/NGOs to support this initiative on humanitarian assistance since the area has been cleared of land mines and security issues were resolved. When the resettlement commenced, their involvement was restricted to those places in order to maximize external assistance. The PTF requested that humanitarian assistance be provided mainly for shelter, water and sanitation at the initial stage. As and when recovery process advanced, the I/NGOs were requested to invest on livelihood activities.
During the early recovery phase, the PTF directed all Divisional Secretaries to prepare a family prole of those resettled families as an Action Plan for the purpose of future planning. A completed family prole is now available with the Divisional Secretaries for future planning focusing on family based development programmes.
Early Recovery
The second phase of the Humanitarian Assistance was directed towards early recovery by providing assistance to commence economic operations. More attention was given to activities that would support recommencement of economic operations. The GoSL stepped up interventions and further promoted early recovery initiatives to revitalize the livelihoods of the resettled families. These included the creation of a supportive environment for immediate agricultural season through the provision of inputs and services to enhance the agricultural activities. As many as 39 INGOs were involved in supporting livelihood development. The principle adopted was to provide grants in cash or kind for resettled families to re-engage in economic activities that they were engaged in prior to displacement. As a policy, each and every resettled family was provided with a package of assistance valued at not less than Rs. 35,000, so that it would be adequate to meet the initial requirement of any livelihood. During this period, major emphasis was directed towards resuscitation of paddy cultivation, clearing of abandoned paddy lands for cultivation, engaging in highland cultivation and other food crops, cultivation of high valued crops with lift irrigation, home gardening and sheries including inland shing, deep sea and lagoon shing. In addition, special attention was given to improve dairy farming, goat rearing, backyard poultry and self-employment. Targeting the poorest of poor, a programme was launched to provide cash for work to rehabilitate rural infrastructure facilities while generating employment for the poor.
through reconstruction and development. By this time, nearly 200,000 people had been resettled and the lives of the resettled families were moving towards normalcy. In order to achieve sustainability, major emphasis and substantive investment was set apart for infrastructure development. It was considered a major requirement to foster development and sustainability. In this endeavour, several projects were formulated to restore social and economic infrastructure. The GoSL was able to secure signicant external assistance (loans) through commitments made by the donors. By this time, the entire administrative mechanism was re-established in the Province. Since the initial work required for early recovery was completed during the rst two phases of the resettlement process, the major construction and rehabilitation were funded under these reconstruction programmes.
1,630 school buildings have been repaired by the GoSL at a total cost of Rs. 1,341 mn. Presently, 990 schools are functioning and all the children are provided with school facilities. At present, there are 13,967 teachers working in the Northern Province catering to 260,582 student population in the area.
Housing
Construction of permanent houses were arranged using owner-driven methodology to ensure beneciary participation and quality. A total of 78,144 permanent houses are scheduled to be completed out of which 27,983 houses have already been completed. Through the North East Housing Rehabilitation Programme (NEHRP) the GoSL has constructed nearly 22,635 houses. A major programme under this project was funded by the Government of India through which 38,000 houses are planned to be constructed in the Northern Province. Already, 1,000 houses have been completed. In addition, UN-HABITAT, European Union and the Sri Lanka Red Cross have made signicant contributions for construction of permanent houses.
Restoration of Electricity
Consequent to the liberation of the Vanni District, restoration of electricity services and electrication was considered a top priority. At present, 9 mega projects are in operation with an investment of Rs. 13.2bn. This includes transmission, augmentation and rehabilitation of electricity network in the Province. Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu districts have been supplied with electricity after a span of 30 years. Electrication of these two districts was 29% and 23% respectively. The revenue from electricity supply has risen from Rs. 1,644mn. in 2009 to Rs. 2,182mn. in 2010. Number of consumer accounts has risen from 132,331 in 2009 to 142,611 in 2011. The total investment for ongoing projects funded by JICA, ADB and the Ceylon Electricity Board amount to Rs. 13.6bn. This includes Vavuniya, Kilinochichi Transmission line, Kilinochchi, Chunnakam Transmission line and also augmentation of Vavuniya Grid Station.
administration and minor irrigation under the Agrarian Services Development Department. A total commitment of Rs. 6,333.9mn. was made by the Government for rehabilitation of the entire irrigation network.
Fisheries Sector
Fishery is the second most important economic activity following agriculture in the Northern Province. Almost one third of the coastal line is in the Northern Province and the annual average production of sh had been recorded at 75,000 metric tons. The coastal sheries have experienced widespread destruction of production assets and serious damages to the supporting infrastructure. The Government assistance under its 180-Day accelerated programme included provision of shing gear and other equipment for sea, lagoon and inland shing. Reactivation of district sheries co-operatives facilitated the delivery of services for the shermen. Reconstruction of deteriorated infrastructure was also considered a priority. Plans for improvements to the Fisheries Sector include Inland Fisheries and Aqua Culture. The Sri Lanka Army performed a signicant role in securing and repairing of boats handed over to shermen. A total shing eet has now been increased to 11,225 as a result of these efforts. The sh production in the Northern Province has risen from 15,250 metric tons in 2007 to 48,520 metric tons in year 2011 and the target of the Ministry of sheries is to increase production to harvest 78,000 metric tons in year 2013. In year 2011, the contribution of the Northern Province to the national sh production is 11% compared to 5% in 2007. The Ministry operates nearly 30 freezer trucks from Northern Province to Colombo per day.
Revival of Agriculture
Agriculture is the most vital economic sector providing basic food security and a source of livelihood for 80 per cent of the population in the Province. The revival of agriculture commenced with restoration of the entire irrigation network, clearing of abandoned paddy lands, supply of inputs and agricultural machinery. A considerable investment was made on revival of agriculture sector thereby bringing 90% of the 180,000 acres of abandoned paddy lands under cultivation. Every resettled family was given seed paddy and subsidized fertilizer for all the agricultural seasons commencing 2009. Initially, 99,173 acres were brought under paddy cultivation during 2009 - 2010 Maha with a production of 143,579 metric tons. The extent of land utilized for agriculture increased to 193,202 acres in 2010 - 2011. A production of 212,722 metric tons of paddy was recorded during this period. It is an amazing performance indeed, just two years after resettlement.
Banking Sector
At present, 20 state and private banks are operating in the Northern region. Nearly loans amounting to Rs. 4,614mn. have been granted to 36,000 beneciaries under different credit lines implemented by the Central Bank of Sri Lanka up to end of 2011.
Private Investment
Private sector has already begun to move to the emerging region of the North. There are 23 different projects approved by the Board of Investment (BOI) for a total investment of Rs. 68,268.7mn. In addition, Presidential Task Force
xxvii
9 hotel projects with 328 rooms have been approved at an investment of Rs. 2,217mn. The movement of the private sector in the Northern Region is a direct result of prevalence of peace after 2009, which is the biggest incentive provided by the Government to the private sector.
Acknowledgement
The GoSL is determined to maintain the impressive gains made in resettlement through condence building among the international community. It continues to maintain the same commitments with transparency and take forward the positive records towards creating sustainability in the process of rebuilding the Northern Province. It is observed that the people in the Northern Province are satised with the achievements of the ongoing efforts for reconstruction. The PTF is grateful to His Excellency the President for his extraordinary leadership and unwavering commitment to rebuild the Northern Province. The commitment of Hon. Basil Rajapaksa MP, Minister of Economic Development and the Chairman of the PTF, in spearheading rehabilitation, development and reconstruction activities under his constant supervision and guidance in fullling the enormous task of rebuilding the Northern Province has been the hallmark of success. The efforts of the PTF were adequately supported by the Provincial Administration headed by Hon. Governor, Northern Province and the respective
line ministries. The timely advice and cooperation extended by Mr. Lalith Weeratunga, Secretary to the President contributed immensely for the success of this programme. It was possible to achieve signicant progress, more particularly in implementation of 180-Day Programme and the early recovery phase of the resettled families through relentless efforts and devotion of all District Secretaries, Divisional Secretaries and the other district staff. Contribution of the Sri Lanka Army in the whole process of resettlement beginning from the demining operations and coordinating humanitarian and recovery efforts in all the districts has been a source of strength in effectively implementing the resettlement programme. The humanitarian assistance received from UN Agencies and I/NGOs during humanitarian and early recovery phase of resettlement also contributed to strengthen the Governments initiatives during the rst phase of resettlement. The development made so far provided a tremendous impetus for the private sector to move in and that is the biggest contribution made by the Government for the private sector investment in the Province. The PTF takes pride having steered the development momentum, whilst coordinating the efforts of all stakeholders in this national endeavour to rebuild the Northern Province.
S.B. Divaratne
Secretary, Presidential Task Force for Resettlement, Development and Security Northern Province
Contents
Introduction
Population of the Northern Province prior to displacement Process of Displacement
1
5 5
Revival of the Fisheries Sector Rehabilitation of the Livestock sector Contribution of the Banking Sector and the Non-Banking Sector Institutions
Humanitarian Assistance
The Immediate Challenge Welfare Centres as an interim arrangement Rehabilitation of Ex-LTTE combatants
7 Connectivity
9 9 20 Rehabilitation of Road Network Rehabilitation of Railways Reconstruction of Major Bridges Rehabilitation of the KKS Harbour Palali Airport Runway Rehabilitation Project (PARP) Kokavil Transmission Tower
201
203 217 227 236 238 239
Resettlement
Policy for Resettlement Approach Strategy Formulation of a Master Plan Uthuru Vasanthaya Launching of 180-Day Programme Early Recovery for Sustainable Settlement
23
26 26 26
27 37
Initiatives by the Ministry of Economic Development in Reconstruction of the Northern Province 241
273
275 278 281
Growth Initiatives
Revival of the Agriculture Sector Restoration of the Irrigation Sector
Conclusion
Presidential Task Force
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xxix
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INTRODUCTION
Introduction
The decisive victory over the LTTE terrorism on 18th May 2009, marks a new chapter in the history of Sri Lanka. For a period of nearly three decades of independence, the sovereignty and integrity of the country had been compromised. Freedom of movement had been restricted by sporadic bomb explosions all over the country, mainly in Colombo and suburbs. The country was plagued with wide spread insecurity. Civilians commuting between residences and work places, children attending schools and families visiting town centres for shopping were constantly at a risk. There was a general reluctance of people to attend public ceremonies, meetings or festivals due to fear of a sporadic attack. Freedom for political activities had been restricted by threat of death and violence. The political leaders including an incumbent President and a Presidential candidate were killed by bomb explosions. Sporadic LTTE activities compelled the Government to establish barricades, check points and many other security arrangements disrupting normal civilian life in the whole country. The situation in the North was the worst as the entire Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu districts, a major part of Mannar district,(excluding only either sides of the main road) and Northern part of Vavuniya district were under LTTE control. Even in the districts of Jaffna, and Vavuniya, LTTE armed gangs were in operation terrorizing the society. There was no freedom for people to express their political views. People were not allowed to exercise their right of franchise at the elections. Almost all the Tamil leaders with views different to that of LTTE were brutally killed. There was no freedom of movement in and out of the LTTE controlled area. Tamils living outside the country and coming long distances to attend weddings or funerals of family members were not allowed to enter the districts without paying large sums of money to LTTE. Those who left to visit friends and family members outside had to leave a part of the family as hostages. There was conscription of people including children for armed combat. Almost all the civilians were forced to perform combat services. The basic human rights enshrined in the Constitution were violated. There was no judiciary functioning as it was replaced by LTTE courts which did not comply with the existing legislature as the basis for maintaining law and order. Punishments imposed by the LTTE courts were arbitrary and excessive. People had no access to appellant bodies at the higher level. Government programmes for development of the Northern Province were not allowed to reach people. Materials sent for construction works were utilized to construct trenches and bunkers. Roads were inaccessible with bridges and culverts blasted. The main railway lines connecting the North with rest of the country were completely destroyed. Rails were used for bunkers. Power transmission lines, communication infrastructure, water supply schemes had been willfully damaged. Agricultural and sheries production fell to the lowest level ever recorded. Fertile paddy lands, especially in Giants tank area (rice bowl) were trenched and bunds were built for the purpose of LTTE offensive activities. The length of the three lines of trenches in Giant tank area around 35 kilometers. (All the villages along the boundary of the LTTE area had to be evacuated.) The common buildings including schools, convents, religious places, children homes (Asrams) and even some of the private houses had been converted into LTTE camps. When the Sri Lanka Security forces marched forward people were instructed to abandoned their homes and go with LTTE carrying whatever possessions they had. Almost all the roong sheets, doors and windows had been taken with them exposing the rest of the structure to the extremes of the weather.
All in all, the North was an area controlled by LTTE militants, (according to their whims and fancies) People were just hostages frequently used as human buffers to protect LTTE camps. The responsibility entrusted to the Presidential Task Force was, therefore, not only to resettle the displaced people but also to restore the Northern Province into a vibrant region of the country where people have opportunities to engage in economic activities with no interruptions, have the benet of properly organized service oriented public mechanism, enjoy basic human rights protected through a well establish judiciary, reap the benet of already existing legislature pertaining
to protection of children and women, exercise the franchise by actively participating in election of their representatives, enjoy the freedom of movement, free education, health facilities and properly maintained infrastructure facilities. Hence, what is elaborated in the foregoing chapters is not merely a progress report or a record of achievements. It is a story of resettlement of returning Internally Displaced Persons, ensuring a sustainable economic, social and political life for the people of the North, ensuring basic human rights enshrined in the constitution, and development of the North as an important region of the country. All in all it is a creation of a spring (Vasantham) for the people of the North.
INTRODUCTION
Ethnic wise distribution of Population in the Northern Province (1981 Census) Ethnic Group Sinhalese Sri Lankan Tamils of Tamils Indian Origin*
6,659 3,992 15,794 8,683 35,128 3.17% 790,385 58,209 54,179 54,474 957,247 86.28% 19,980 11,215 18,714 13,850 63,759 5.75%
Muslims
Others
Total
Process of Displacement
The exodus of the inhabitants in the Northern Province was set in motion with the outbreak of violence perpetrated by the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE). It reached considerable proportions with the onset of direct confrontations in early 1980s. The rst group of people or the community, to be affected was the Sinhalese who were a minority in the Province irrespective of the fact that they remained the majority in the country. In 1981 there were 35,128 Sinhalese in the Province. The 1983 riots that broke out in Colombo and the suburbs triggered a wave of displacement and migration. Many Tamil civilians left Colombo for Jaffna and/or the country consequent to the riots. In 1984, due to LTTE attacks on Sinhala villages around 30,000 Sinhalese were forced to leave the North. This consisted of all in Jaffna, Kilinochchi, Mullaitivu and Mannar Districts and around 35% from the Vavuniya South DS division. In 1990, the second wave of displacement commenced with the ultimatum given by the LTTE forcing the Muslim community to leave the province by October 1990. There were 50,831 Muslims in the Province at the time of the 1981 census. Assuming the increase for the decade at around 11,000, an estimated 62,000 or more Muslims were compelled to leave the province in 1990. The Muslims living in Musali and Madu divisions of Mannar and those who lived in Kilinochchi and Jaffna Districts had to leave the Northern Province. The most signicant displacement of Tamils occurred in 1995 in the Jaffna District. The LTTE had their headquarters in Jaffna up to 1995, until the peninsula was liberated by the Government forces. In 1995 the LTTE retreated to Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu Districts with a large number of persons, who were compelled to join them in their exercise. A minority of LTTE
sympathizers and supporters were also with them. No records are available of the numbers but it is estimated to be around 150,000. This was an internal migration within the Province, from Jaffna district to Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu Districts. The inux of a large number of people into the two districts resulted in a major displacement of people who had been living in Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu Districts. Some of them moved into areas in Northern parts of Manthai West DS division in Mannar District, which were then under LTTE control. The majority around 50,000 people came into Vavuniya District seeking Government assistance by way of food, shelter and other social needs and facilities. They were housed in welfare centres and the Government attended to their needs and welfare until some of them moved out on their own seeking for peaceful and conducive environments in the South. Subsequently, there were multiple displacements within and outside the district of Tamil community in 1999, 2000, 2006 and 2007 due to escalation of continued ghting between the security forces and the LTTE. The LTTE also had a strategy of murdering and eliminating persons of the Tamil ethnic groups who were opposed to its terrorism and violence. This practice of killing Tamil citizens including political moderates, whom the LTTE branded as traitors, drove away a large
number of Tamil civilians out of the Northern Province. The recurring waves of intimidation, threat and forceful recruitment of children as cadres also forced thousands of Tamil civilian families to ee the area. During the thirty year period, the gradual exodus of people from the Northern Province continued resulting in the reduction of the population in Jaffna district to nearly 450,000. The total number living in the area controlled by the LTTE was estimated at 210,000 and the WFP continued to supply essential food items to the estimated number during the latter stages of 2008. The correct number could be veried only at the time of the defeat of the LTTE, when the Government forces rescued some 275,000 people trapped in the hitherto LTTE held areas. In view of the unsettled and insecure environment in the North a considerable number of people migrated out of the Province seeking safety, peace and harmony. Many of them remained in Colombo and other cities of the South of the country where they had friends and relatives. Some of the families migrated out of the country to countries like USA, Canada, UK, Europe and Australia. It is estimated that around 50,000 remained in South of the country and an equal number left the country. Another migration route was the sea route to India. At present it is estimated that there are 65,000 Sri Lankan refugees in camps in South India.
HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE
The Immediate Challenge Welfare centres as an interim arrangement Rehabilitation of Ex-LTTE combatants
Presidential Task Force
7
Drinking water and water for sanitation purposes were provided separately. A water treatment plant was built on the banks of Malwathu Oya (owing along the southern border of Menik Farm) to provide drinking water for more than 200,000 IDPs. Drinking water was also trucked in from wells located in the vicinity. Special public health inspectors were appointed at each Welfare Village to monitor water chlorine levels. In addition tube wells were made available as a source for providing drinking water. The absence of water borne and water related epidemics in the Welfare Villages, was a testimony to the adequacy and quality of water and sanitation facilities provided.
Sanitation
Semi-permanent Shelter in Menik Farm constructed by the GoSL
To ensure that minimum standards for sanitation were met, the water and sanitation cluster led by the UNICEF was requested to maintain specied Sri Lankan standards, which exceeded the international emergency standards (Sphere Standards). Initially many IDPs amongst those who arrived towards the end of the conict were detected with water and sanitation related communicable diseases such as Hepatitis A, Diarrhoea and Typhoid etc., though not at epidemic proportions. With improvements in the supply of water and sanitation facilities, spreading of communicable diseases was effectively brought under control.
HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE
HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE
Healthcare
Being cautious of the health conditions of the incoming IDPs with the war ending, the Ministry of Health took a pre-emptive step forward to develop a Master Plan, in March 2009, to provide health services to the prospective IDPs. It was assessed that the provincial health agencies would not be able to fully meet the health needs of over 290,000 IDPs. The task of providing health services for the IDPs was therefore taken over by the Ministry of Health and a Directorate of IDP Healthcare was established at Menik Farm. The needs for curative as well as preventive healthcare services for inhabitants of all welfare villages were addressed. A medical ofcer was appointed to be in charge of each welfare village to co-ordinate health activities directly under the Director of IDP Healthcare. In each welfare village there were Primary Health Care Centres (PHCC) and Referral Hospitals. Each referral hospital was well equipped with an Emergency Unit, separate male and female wards, and an emergency labour room. For the patient to reach the hospital within the Welfare Village special three wheeler ambulance (Tuk-Tuk Ambulance) services were made available. All referral hospitals and PHCC had access to CDMA phone facilities. A pool of ambulances with specially trained Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs) was available at all times to transport patients who needed secondary and tertiary medical facilities or specialized care. Special mental health clinics were conducted to address mental health issue as well as to support individuals with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. Articial limbs for amputees and disabled persons were provided (Prosthesis and Orthotic). At the initial stages, the number of deaths per day per 10,000 populations (Crude Daily Mortality Rate) averaged at 0.7. The gure settled to less than 0.5 per 10,000 per day by the beginning of June 2009 which was the baseline for daily crude mortality rate for emergency threshold in South East Asia. By July it was 0.15 which is a little less than the usual rate for Sri Lanka.
13
HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE
Reunication of IDPs
In allocating shelter, families were kept together and cases of separation were swiftly addressed with more than 35,000 individuals re-united with their families within the welfare villages. Arrangements were made from the start for the IDPs to meet their relatives at the welfare villages. Each Welfare Village administration organized family reunication process and inter village transfers.
Social welfare centre at Menik farm
Education
Schools were established in all the main IDP centres from grade 1 to 11. Special Advanced Level (grade 12 and 13) classes were conducted at the Kadiragamar Village and Advanced Level students from other IDP villages were provided transport to attend these classes. Pre-schools were also established in each of the Relief Villages. There were 49 schools and 100 units for pre-school activity, which is a higher ratio than in the rest of the country. In each welfare village a Zonal Education Director was appointed to co-ordinate and facilitate all educational activities. Principals were appointed to each school. The examination Department established 10 special examination centres in Vavuniya for 1263 candidates for the Advanced Level Examination held in August 2009. In addition 166 ex-LTTE child soldiers sat for the examination.
School at Menik farm - Visit of Sir John Holms, Under Secretary General for Humanitarian Aairs and Emergency Relief Coordinator, UN
15
HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE
Banking facilities
The welfare villages were provided with required banking facilities for the IDPs who were able to bring their valuable belongings. They were able to deposit their money, jewellery and gold securely. Both the state and private banks established banking outlets in the welfare villages, including Bank of Ceylon, Peoples Bank, National Savings Bank, Seylan Bank, Sampath Bank and Commercial Bank. A mobile banking system was also in operation.
Bank of Ceylon Branch at Menik Farm and a Mobile Bank at a Welfare Village
Bank of Ceylon Peoples Bank Sampath Bank National Savings Bank Seylan Bank Commercial Bank Total
A summary of banking facilities extended to IDPs through welfare villages as reported by six banks. (Source: Central Bank, Sri Lanka)
17
Public Administration-Registration and d providing identity cards, birth and death certicates
An administrative system was put in place, by mobilizing the Government servants in the centres. Through this system IDPs were provided with replacements for lost documents such as identity cards, birth and death certicates. Additional support for this was obtained from IOM. Grama Niladharis within the centres were provided with bicycles to facilitate their work. A total of 61 Communication stalls and Post Ofces were established in every welfare village. In the community centres that were set up, facilities for listening to radio and watching television were made possible. A variety of publications including newsletters, hand bills, handouts, posters, and newspapers were made available and distributed.
Specimen of a temporary ID card issued to the IDPs
Equal access to justice IDP documentation point inside Menik Farm Welfare Village
Telephone facilities provided for the IDPs at Menik Farm Welfare Village 18
HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE
19
HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE
The rst was to inculcate spiritual, cultural and religious values in the ex-combatants. Daily religious observances, meditation and spiritual development programmes, celebration of religious festivals, including Deepavali and Thai Pongal were facilitated for the benet of the ex-combatants. They were granted home leave to participate in religious and cultural activities at their homes. Special tours were organized to places of religious importance namely Madhu church and Thiruketheesvaran temple. Most of the children conscripted by the LTTE for military services were school going students. There was an urgent need to provide formal education to complete their studies. A number of classes were arranged to prepare those sitting for GCE Ordinary Level and Advanced Level examinations. There were many who were compelled to give up education after the rst attempt in the formal examinations. They were given the opportunity to attend classes to continue education. The ex-combatants who were forced to leave the universities half way were given re-admission to the respective universities. Arrangements were made to award scholarships for the best students to further their education. Classes were conducted in basic ICT knowledge, computer aided drafting, language training, typing and shorthand. Seminars were organized to
provide opportunities to listen to professionals on different important topics. In view of the need to make them employable, special programmes were organized in Vocational Training (VT). The subjects identied for VT training were plumbing, aluminium work, electrical wiring, leather work, tailoring, carpentry, masonry, welding, driving, heavy machinery operation, three wheeler repairs, coconut and mushroom cultivation, chemical fertilizer management and repairing out board motors for males. The females were provided training in bridal and hair dressing, modelling, beauty and make up, nursery management and Juki machine operations while permitting them to join any other VT programme of their preference. The total number of ex combatants provided with vocational training amounted to 10,633. The programme of Vocational training did not end up with training itself. Some received on the job training, to make way for absorption into permanent cadres in their respective institutions. Job fairs were held with the support of private sector institutions. Some were sent for foreign employment after requisite training. The next emphasis was to tune their thinking to appreciate the need for reintegration with the families Presidential Task Force
21
and the society. They were permitted to visit families on a frequent basis and meet their relatives. Workshops and counselling sessions were organized on marital, premarital relationships and family planning. A mass marriage ceremony was organized to solidify existing relationships. The women were exposed to special programmes to enable them to express their feelings as women. Psychosocial and curative therapies constituted the fth component of rehabilitation. This included psychosocial counselling individually as well as in groups and therapy sessions, aesthetic/drama therapy programmes, emotional intelligence, Abina cultural group and forum theatre and art work. The rehabilitation programme was supplemented by special training in sports and extracurricular activities
including musical programmes, dance, drama, comedy and tours. Within a period of seven months the GOSL was able to reintegrate the rst 713 of rehabilitated, excombatants, into their families and effectively into the society. Since then another 7,416 have been reintegrated over a period of one and half years. This number includes 4,931 adult males, 1,891 adult females, 363 boys and 231 girls. Accordingly, the entirety of ex-child combatants has been rehabilitated and released. Of the 2,033 adult females only 142 is still in the rehabilitation centres. Around 4,000 adult male ex-combatants are still undergoing rehabilitation. H.E. the President has issued a directive to complete rehabilitation and release all ex combatants by the end of the year.
RESETTLEMENT
Policy for Resettlement Approach Strategy Formulation of a Master Plan Uthuru Vasanthaya Launching of 180-Day Programme Early Recovery for Sustainable Settlement
Presidential Task Force
23
Resettlement
Sri Lanka is possessed with substantial past experience in establishing human settlement schemes in newly developed uninhabited lands. The rst settlement scheme dates back to 1930s when Sri Lanka was in the threshold of regaining independence. Since then a large number of irrigated settlement schemes have been established mainly in the dry zone of Sri Lanka extending from North Western quadrant to South Eastern plains in Hambantota district. The latest of the settlement schemes are Mahaweli, Lunugamwehera and Inginimitiya implemented in 1980s. The Northern Province also benetted from a large number of irrigated settlement schemes during the period of the mid 20th century. Almost all of the beneciaries of these irrigated settlement schemes (Iranamadu, Akkarayankulam, Visvamadu, Muthuiyyankaddu, Udayarkaddu etc.) in the North are from Jaffna district. The Tsunami in December 2004 rendered thousands of people living along the North Eastern to South Western coastal belt, homeless, apart from the unprecedented number of deaths. In the aftermath of the tsunami the Government mobilized available resources to construct thousands of houses and resettled the affected people. The economic and social infrastructure including schools, hospitals, railways and roads devastated by the unfortunate disaster was re-established with the assistance of international and national agencies, utilizing the experience of the ofcials of the Government in disaster management and settlement. The efcient co-ordination of all the resources made it possible for Sri Lanka to complete the resettlement programme within a span of nearly two years. The visionary programme launched by the GOSL immediately after liberation of the Eastern Province, named Nagenahira Navodaya to resettle people who had been living in welfare centres for years having no access to their villages was executed with exceptional success. This included the development of major infrastructure facilities such as the road networks, new bridges, irrigation systems, schools and hospitals. Lessons learnt and experience gained in the programmes immensely benetted the planning and launching of the resettlement programmes in the Northern Province.
Approach
In view of the magnitude of the task, the PTF developed a three-prong approach for resettlement and development of 30 year war-torn Northern Sri Lanka and has given the best attention for its implementation using domestic resources as well as external assistance. These are; Providing humanitarian assistance for the resettled people and restoration of basic infrastructure Early recovery process to support returnees to recommence their economic activities Pursuing a parallel development of much needed major infrastructure and to revive the Northern Region towards sustainability and stability
Strategy
Appointment of a Presidential Task Force for Resettlement, Development and Security in the Northern Province (PTF) Considering the gravity of the situation and the need for a rapid resettlement programme and its efcient implementation, His Excellency the President appointed a Presidential Task Force for Resettlement, Development and Security in the Northern Province (PTF) in May 2009 under the Chairmanship of Hon. Basil Rajapaksa, Minister for Economic Development. The mission of the Task Force was to formulate a strategic framework for the revitalization of the Northern Province and to implement a rapid resettlement and recovery programme. The appointment of the Presidential Task Force was a vital policy instrument which set the road map to formulate a strategic framework for rapid resettlement and recovery programme. The initiatives undertaken by the PTF through its strategic plans contributed immensely to the success of the resettlement process. The Presidential Task Force was directed by His Excellency the President to attend to the following tasks: To prepare strategic plans, programmes and projects to resettle internally displaced persons, rehabilitate and develop economic and social infrastructure of the Northern Province To co-ordinate activities of the security agencies of the Government in support of resettlement, rehabilitation and development To direct and oversee the implementation of the said plans, programmes and projects of the relevant state organizations including the relevant provincial authorities To liaise with all organizations in the public and private sectors and civil society organizations for the proper implementation of the programmes and projects To seek, identify and apply innovative solutions to problems and constraints confronted in the execution of the mandate of the Task Force To regularly review the progress of the implementation of the said programmes and projects and to take immediate corrective actions where necessary
26
RESETTLEMENT
27
e total solution brought forward through implementation of 180 Day Programme included; Access to services Access to roads, safe drinking water and sanitation, minor irrigation & electricity Improvements to basic infrastructure Health and education Livelihood development A number of meetings with the Government Agencies, Provincial Authorities and UN Agencies were conducted under the chairmanship of Hon. Basil Rajapaksa which led to the formulation of a strategic plan and a road map for implementation of the responsibilities entrusted to it. The Task Force played the role of the policy making and co-ordinating body while the activities
were performed by other Government Agencies. At the initial stages the role played by the UN agencies and NGOs was limited as the security risk in the region was comparatively high and accessibility was hampered due to land mines. The decision taken by the PTF for rapid resettlement and setting the road map for that through appropriate policy initiatives has been the hallmark of success of the resettlement process. Identifying priorities through well co-ordinated plans, commissioning of 180-Day Programme, having frequent district level meetings to assess and plan out different phases of resettlement, resource mobilization, were all important initiatives of the PTF to achieve this task.
RESETTLEMENT
Twin Challenges
Demining
A complex task the GOSL had to undertake prior to resettlement of the displaced was to carry out a humanitarian demining operation successfully. At the outset it was estimated that there would be around one million Anti-Personal and Anti-Tank Land Mines and Unexploded Ordnances (UXOs) spread all over the Northern and Eastern Provinces. The conrmed hazardous area in the northern province was 1418 sq. km. of which 1318 sq. km. have been cleared by 31 May 2012 and 100 sq. km. to be cleared. It was revealed that more than 640 villages were contaminated with land mines and the number of land mines and UXOs could be in the range of 1.5 million. The large extent of contaminated lands and the need to commence resettlement immediately compelled the GOSL to plan and implement a new strategy for demining. In order to support the mine action programme, Cabinet approval was granted for the establishment of a National Mine Action Co-ordinating Body followed by the setting up of the National Mine Action Centre with the assistance of the UNDP. The entire demining programme was managed by a National Steering Committee for Mine Action established under the then the Ministry of Nation Building and Estate Infrastructure, the current Ministry of Economic Development. The strategy was to clear the whole landscape of a given village and obtain a clearance certicate from the UNDP before any resettlement was carried out. The Sri Lanka Army contributed greatly in the implementation of mine clearance activities within a short period of time, in addition to the work of several donor funded mine action agencies. The Sri Lanka Army (SLA) had adequate human resources to expand its demining activities. Considering the expertise and capacity available a new unit in the SLA was created to undertake humanitarian demining. The capacity of the Humanitarian Demining Unit (HDU) of the SLA was immediately increased by procurement of 15 demining ail machines, 500 metal detectors and other demining equipment through an accelerated process which in turn accelerated the demining of identied resettlement areas, access roads, locations of infrastructure and the paddy lands. In addition, response to the request of the GoSL, donor agencies procured an additional six ail machines. The manual demining capacity of the HDU was increased up to 1,200 utilizing both Government funds and some assistance from donors, making HDU fully equipped to undertake the humanitarian demining operations. The machines were airlifted at a cost of Rs. 2,200 million. The expenditure by the GOSL amounting to Rs. 2,200 million (US$. 19.81 million) in 2009 for demining operations, is nearly 52 per cent of the total expenditure for demining activities. This reects the commitment of the GOSL to free Sri Lanka, particularly the war
29
ravaged area from the threat of land mines and UXOs. The HDU played the lead role in mine clearance and was responsible for freeing nearly 75 percent of the total cleared area. The machines were airlifted at a cost of Rs. 2,200 million to rid the mined landscape of the Northern Province expeditiously to commence resettlement. The INGOs participated in demining activities were Halo Trust, Danish Demining Group (DDG), Mines Advisory Group (MAG), Swiss Foundation for Mine Action (FSD), Horizon, Sarvatra, Milinda Moragoda Institute for Peoples Empowerment (MMIPE) and Delvon Assistance for Social Harmony (DASH). Under these circumstances taking into consideration the demand from the IDPs to return to their villages
as soon as possible, a strategy of prioritization adopted towards the latter period. Areas required for the resettlement of people Land where people conduct their livelihood activities Land giving access to schools, hospitals, temples/ churches Land with essential infrastructure that requires repair, such as existing roads, electricity supply, water supply and irrigation systems Hazardous areas within three kilometres from villages, main roads and access roads Land required for development and construction of new infrastructure
RESETTLEMENT
Protective mineeld around existing military installations Hazardous areas between three and ve kilometres from villages, main roads and access roads Hazardous areas within jungles with no direct impact on the daily activities and requirements of the population and authorities Hazardous areas further than ve kilometres from villages, main roads and access roads The NGOs and the HDU of SLA have cleared a considerable extent of land during the period. About 727 sq. km. were cleared through Non Technical Surveys (NTS). The major performers in NTS are DDG, HDU of SLA and Sarvatra. Around 545 sq. km. of Battle Area Clearance out of 760 sq. km. is by HDU of SLA i.e. more than 35%. The GOSL has succeeded in clearing land mines and UXOs in almost all regions except for a few Grama Niladhari divisions in Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu districts, where heavy mining and burial of heavy arms took place towards the end of the humanitarian operation.
During the period ending May 2012 the total extent of land cleared was 1,318 sq. km. with another 100 sq. km left to the demined.
BAC sq. m.
544,813,764 11,899,199 15,366,586 20,492,370 18,596,391 18,689,032 0 89,147,656 40,502,872 954,806 0 760,462,676
MF sq. m.
11,562,254 3,103,094 2,776,310 2,268,120 1,813,911 2,358,345 92,499 1,008,673 7,200,173 266,548 58,909 32,508,836
NTS sq. m.
7,874,755 0 0 601,952,825 2,400,679 39,603,943 0 0 75,820,394 0 0 727,652,596
Total sq. m.
564,250,773 15,002,293 18,142,896 624,713,315 22,810,981 60,651,320 92,499 90,156,329 123,523,439 1,221,354 58,909 1,520,624,108
District
31
Collection of data pertaining to each family including their native place, Divisional Secretary and Grama Niladhari division Preparation of a district list based on the above data Submissions of the list to the respective district secretary for cross checking of information. Humanitarian Demining Obtaining the UNDP demining clearance certicate prior to resettlement Arrangement of transport for the IDPs for go and see visits with the respective Grama Niladhari Obtaining consent from IDPs to resettle in their places of origin Arrangement of transport to the respective DS Division Reception of IDPs by the District Secretary at a ceremony attended to by Government Ofcials Transportation of IDPs to Transitional Shelters in schools at their own places. (water, sanitation facilities and food were provided) Conduct Mine risk education by security ofcers and UNICEF/UNDP Visits for preparation of own shelter
Commencement of Resettlement
Resettlement programme started from Musali DS division of Mannar district in August 2009 as a considerable number of IDPs were in welfare centres in Mannar and Nanaddan DS divisions and they were displaced only for a period of around one year. As the LTTE did not have an opportunity to destroy the
RESETTLEMENT
dwellings and infrastructure of the villages abandoned recently those villages along the coastal belt of Musali DS division were relatively intact requiring minimal assistance for rehabilitation. The total number of recently displaced families residing in Nanaddan and Mannar welfare centres was 3,125 making 12,690 members. All of them were resettled in 15 Grama Niladhari divisions and consequently the welfare centres were closed down by September 2009. The order of resettlement had to be consistent with that of demining adopted by agencies and hence the next phase of resettlement commenced from Manthai West DS division in Mannar in September 2009. The number settled in 19 GN divisions was 2,328 families with 7,584 members. Together with pioneer resettlements in Musali and Manthai West 502 families with 1,509 members and 263 families with 875 members were also resettled in Mannar Town and Nanaddan DS divisions respectively. Simultaneously, resettlement was carried out along the coastal belt in Manthai West DS division in Mannar district and Thunukkai and Manthai East DS divisions in Mullaitivu district. Thereafter, resettlement was carried out in Jaffna as more than 25,000 families in Menik Farm welfare center opted to return to Jaffna.
33
RESETTLEMENT
The Government of India assisted to provide cement for each housing unit. There were shelter materials such as tarpaulin sheets and nylon ropes in the (NFRI) package. The returning families were entitled to dry food rations for a period of six months provided by the WFP and distributed through the established co-operative outlets. Where there had been a delay in cultivation of land, food assistance period was extended by three months.
District Resettlement
No. of Families Resettled No. of Persons Resettled
The Indian Government provided further assistance to the GOSL, by providing agricultural tools for the returnees. Almost all the IDP families returned from the welfare centres were given the entire package of resettlement assistance. The Progress of distribution of resettlement assistance as at the end of March 2011 was as follows:
Roong sheets
No. of sheets issued No. of Families
Cement Bags
No. of Bags issued No. of Families
Jaffna
37,625 117,439
8,973 115,456 2,769 20,585 9,003 10,904 18,381 51,232 64,000 64,000
Kilinochchi 38,598 123,254 Mullaitivu 29,919 Vavuniya Mannar 11,682 24,211 94,874 40,218 93,775
52,234 313,069
35
Sanitation
To ensure availability of hygienic sanitation facilities constructing latrines with the housing units was considered essential. As a principle all the housing construction agencies were instructed to provide a permanent or temporary latrine for the permanent and transitional houses respectively. There was a need to provide latrines separately, where housing construction programme took time or returnees had to move in to houses provided by various agencies but without latrines. Similarly there were latrines damaged together with the houses. Hence the sanitation programme envisaged three different activities; i.e., (a) Construction of latrines with permanent or transitional houses, (b) construction of latrines for the existing houses and (c) repairs to damaged latrines.
In the case of drinking water, action was taken to clean and repair the wells by the National Water Supply and Drainage Board (NWS&DB) and Water Resources Board (WRB) and the NGOs with UNICEF nancial contribution. The people too participated in cleaning wells in their premises for which purpose they were provided with water pumps.
Permanent latrines
Semi-permanent latrines
Well at Kuruntupittiy
RESETTLEMENT
15 4 5 4 5 33
40 95 127 88 77 427
21 92 119 88 76 396
Paddy Cultivation
The largest economic activity in the Northern Province is Paddy farming. The total extent of Paddy lands is recorded as 240,000 acres. The major, medium and minor irrigation schemes fed the cultivation of these agri lands. There are lands which go under cultivation in the Maha season under rain fed conditions as well. The FAO in collaboration with the Department of Agriculture assisted the paddy farmers by providing Presidential Task Force
37
seed paddy at the rate of three bushels per acre for all the paddy farmers. The Provincial Department of Agriculture implemented this programme. In 2010/11 Maha season, farmers were able to cultivate 210,000 acres of paddy land. At the time of resettlement, there were no tractors or any other farm equipments available in the areas to plough and prepare the lands for cultivation. The Government having negotiated with the Government of India obtained 500 four wheel tractors to be given to the Agrarian Services centres in the North. The US Department of Agriculture also allocated funds through the GOSL to procure more four wheel tractors. The NGOs followed the lead given by the donors and provided two wheel tractors. In fact, currently the availability of tractors with the Agrarian Services Centres in the North exceeds the actual need.
It was realized that farmers were unable to pay for the operational costs at the initial stage. Therefore, arrangements were made to provide cash grants of Rs. 4,000 per acre for the lands cultivated in the rst two seasons. The required funds for this purpose were channelled through the Agrarian Services Centres. Considering the need to protect the paddy crop farmer organizations were supplied with barbed wire for perimeter fencing, to keep away the straying cattle.
RESETTLEMENT
The Northern farmers especially in the Jaffna peninsula are well known for cultivation of high value crops utilizing lift irrigation water. Lift irrigation, traditionally manually practiced in the past, has now been done with use of kerosene run water pumps. In the mainland where water is available via the streams and wells, farmers were practicing lift irrigated cultivation. The crops were mainly chillies, red onion and vegetables. As there was a good market for these crops in adjoining townships as well as in the South, farmers earned considerable returns on the high value crop cultivation. During the period of conict the number of water pumps lost by the farmers was estimated at around 10,000. A special programme was launched to supply water pumps to the farmers who are having reliable sources for pumping. The number of pumps distributed both by the Provincial Council and the NGOs is in the range of 7,500.
Home Gardening
Being a rural region most of the homesteads in the North are more than half an acre in extent. A programme was appropriately put in place to develop home gardens with fruit trees including mango and jack and other plantation crops such as coconut and palmyrah, timber species and vegetable gardens. The concept embodied in the Divi Neguma programme was adopted in home garden development integrating agriculture with animal husbandry and cottage industries.
Fisheries
The Northern Province is endowed with large internal water bodies and the sea surrounding most parts of the province. The shallow sea on to the West and the lagoons around the peninsula has offered the opportunity to carry on the vocation of shing for a large community of inhabitants. The industry includes inland sheries, lagoon shing and deep sea shing. A special programme was launched to assist shermen to commence shing activities in all sectors.
Sea Fishing, Mannar
A project launched under the Ministry of Fisheries assisted the inland shermen by providing canoes, shing gear and bicycles with sh boxes. The project was supplemented by the NGOs to ensure supply of an adequate number of equipment required for inland sheries. Similar assistance was extended to lagoon and deep sea shing through supply of boats, engines, shing gear and required infrastructure facilities including sheries co-operative buildings roads etc. The Sri Lanka Army (SLA) had recovered a considerable number of shing boats in the Eastern coastal belt during the operations. They were heavily damaged during the conict and abandoned. The SLA took a special interest in repairing around 65 shing boats with engines and distributed them among the returning shermen families.
Dairy Farming
Three main areas were addressed under animal husbandry. In principle, considering the cultural and religious practices of the inhabitants no attempt was made to encourage cattle for beef. Instead the major thrust was on rearing cattle for dairy. The farmers were provided with a cow with a calf and materials for a shed. The Milk collecting centres connected with the main powdered milk producers were requested to focus on collecting milk from the farmers. The rounding up of stray cattle by the SLA too assisted in increasing milk production in the region. The intention was to involve around 10% of the families in dairy farming so that the family economy could be strengthened while intake of milk will also contribute to raise the nutritional level.
Goat Farming
It was observed that the local population was extensively engaged in goat farming. A scheme was launched to provide four female goats to a family. Depending on
RESETTLEMENT
availability each family was provided with a male goat as well. There was a shortage of high quality male goats, hence arrangements were made to provide one male animal to ve families. The target was to supply goats to 30% of the families to ensure a source of supplementary income. around 50% of the families would engage in backyard poultry. The selected families were provided with 15 to 20 one month old chicks and materials for cages by the NGOs.
Self Employment
A signicant number of families are headed by persons employed in small enterprises. Therefore, village level blacksmiths, bicycle repair shops, tailors, and retail shopkeepers, masons and carpenters were also targeted under livelihood development programme.
Backyard Poultry
A larger percentage of families preferred to have backyard poultry to supplement family income. A considerable number of female headed families were involved in the backyard poultry programme. It was anticipated that
Maretimepattu
41
From Conflict to Stability - Northern PrProvince, SrLanka From Conflict to Stability - Northern ovince, Sri i Lanka
Improving Quality of Life Health Sector Development in Northern Province after May 2009
The health institutions in the Province comprises hospitals with specialist services as District General Hospital, Base Hospital(BH), Divisional Hospital(DH) and Primary Medical Care Units(PMCU) as curative care institutions and MOH Ofces, Gramodhaya Health Centres(GHCs), Anti-Malaria Campaigns and School Dental Clinics as preventive care institutions. The Ayurvedha Sector is functioning with only Curative Care Institutions. Beside this, One Teaching Hospital is functioning in Jaffna district under the Line Ministry. As a result of the conict many institutions in the Vanni area had been badly affected. With the liberation of the Northern Province, the GoSL lost no time in meeting the formidable challenge in restoration of the health services. The priority included restoration of curative and preventive health facilities by restructuring infrastructure and increasing human resources to ensure effective delivery mechanism. The governments contribution in development of the health sector in the North is highlighted by the fact that per capita capital allocation made by the government for years 2009 2011 stands at Rs. 2598 compared to Rs. 801 for the rest of the country.
161 102 83
46
The improvements in the health sector are evident through health indicators. The following chart
shows that malnutrition of children have come down signicantly over the years:
Malnutrition of Children (1-2 years) (Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu districts excluded due to non-availability of baseline data)
Even with the conict, the immunization programme continued in the Northern Province. But due to poor communication the actual numbers were not correctly reported to the Epidemiological Unit. With
the improvement of the ground situation, the vaccine supply, coverage and reporting improved. This is evident in the graph above. which shows that the Measles coverage has improved signicantly in 2010. Presidential Task Force
47
With the development activities in the Northern Province, the number of functioning healthcare institutions and the number of hospital beds available for the population have steadily increased. In 2010,
Northern province had the highest number of patient beds per population (432 per 100,000 people) compared to the national level of 339 per 100,000 population.
In 2009 only 63.7% of cadre positions had been lled due to shortage of all categories of staff. With the efforts of the Ministry of Health, the situation was gradually improved through the lling of the vacant positions. Above chart shows human resource prole according
48
to districts. Ninety one percent of the approved cadres are already lled. But recent developments in the north shows there is a need to revisit the numbers of the respective cadres to be deployed.
of categories of Health workers in other provinces such as North Western, Sabaragamuwa, Uva and North Central.
49
When considering health facilities in Jaffna District, the Teaching Hospital in Jaffna is the only tertiary care institution which functions under the administration of Central Ministry of Health. All other curative
institutions function under the administration of Regional Director of Health Services (RDHS). Distribution of Health Care Institutions is given below:
In the preventive sector there are 11 Medical Ofcer of Health Areas (MOHA), 31 Gramodhaya Health Centres, and 10 School Dental Clinics.
50
Amount
(US$ mn.)
Funding Agent
Ministry of Health (MOH) MOH MOH MOH MOH MOH MOH MOH MOH Japan MOH MOH MOH MOH MOH MOH MOH
Status
Completed
Completed On-going Completed On-going Completed Completed Completed Completed On-going On-going On-going On-going On-going On-going On-going Allocation received, Money is given to CEB MOH Completed Environmental Completed Authority France Completed. Donation from French Govt. MOH Completed
51
Amount
(US$ mn.)
Location
DH Karaveddy DH Manipay BH Chavakachcheri PMCU Illavalai DH Karainagar GHC Athiyadi BH Tellipalai DH Atchuveli BH Point Pedro DH Punguduthivu
Funding Source
PSDG PSDG PSDG PSDG PSDG PSDG HSDP + PSDG HSDP HSDP HSDP
Re-construction of the MOH Ofce Building with Quarters Re-Construction of the BME Unit Re-construction of the Regional Training Centre (On-going) Construction of the Administrative Block with OPD Provision of Water Supply Construction of two Storeyed Consultant Quarters Construction of a Building for Drug Store Rehabilitation of Water Supply Scheme & Sewerage System (On-going) Re-construction of a paramedical unit block Renovation works of the OPD Block, Wards Re-construction of the Divisional Hospital (On-going) Construction of the Gramodhaya Health Centre Construction of the new Doctors Quarters
HSDP HSDP PSDG NECORD NECORD NECORD NECORD NECORD NECORD EnREP EnREP UNICEF AustralianRed Cross FIDR Mercy Malaysia Finland RedCross Finland RedCross Finland RedCross HSDP HSDP HSDP HSDP NECORD Finland Red Cross MTI
27.459 13.582 24.000 31.190 9.160 28.200 18.160 24.400 10.161 13.670 27.640 6.849 28.400 13.545 27.000 45.000 45.000 40.000 11.000 8.000 4.875 6.658 11.450 20.000 12.000 728.72
Reconstruction of the Paediatric unit (48 beds) BH, Chavakachcheri Re-construction of the Hospital Building including MO Quarters DH, Ampan Construction of the Medical Ward Complex Construction of the Surgical Ward Complex Construction of the MO Quarters Complex Provision of necessary medical equipment Provision of ofce furniture & equipment Provision of an Ambulance Provision of a mobile Dental vehicle Provision of Computed Radiography to upgrade the existing X-Ray Machine Provision of medical equipment Provision of an Ambulance Boat Total BH, Chavakachcheri BH, Chavakachcheri BH, Chavakachcheri Selected hospitals RDHS Ofce DH, Ampan RDHS Ofce BH, Tellipalai BH, Chavakachcheri DH, Nainathivu
53
55
In 2010, following training prgrammes were conducted: (i) Training for PHMs to enhance knowledge and skills on management of acute malnutrition. pre-pregnant and
and monitored at the district level, with the participation of primary healthcare workers and community leaders. Campaigning on breast feeding during world breast feeding week, training for mothers on breast feeding techniques, training on Dietary modication food supplementation & prenatal education for low BME students in Grade 10 in selected schools.
(iii) Workshop for Behaviour Change Communication (BCC), nutrition plan developed, implemented
56
VAVUNIYA DISTRICT
The administration of Health Services of the Vavuniya District is carried out by RDHS ofce Vavuniya. In Vavuniya the institutional network links 64 Health Institutions comprising of Hospitals with specialist services as District General Hospital, District Base Hospital to Divisional Hospitals, Primary Medical
Care Units, Chest clinic and STD clinic as curative care institutions and MOH Ofces, Gramodhaya Health Centres and Anti-Malaria Campaigns as preventive care institutions. These institutions provide Curative Care and Preventive Care Services to promote the Health Status of the population.
57
Location
DGH, Vavuniya DGH, Vavuniya BH, Cheddikulam DGH, Vavuniya
Funding Source
PSDG PSDG PSDG HSDP
Location
NTS, Vavuniya DH, Nedunkerni
Funding Source
HSDP HSDP
Repairs to the Hospital Building DH, Puliyankulam (MO Quarters, Midwives Quarters, Maternity ward & OPD block) Water supply & overhead tank, X-ray Room, improvement of infrastructure facilities Reconstruction of Hospital building & MO Quarters Reconstruction of Pathology & BME Section Extension of covered way & Pipe medical gas system, Water supply & Electric connection to MO & NO Quarters, Surgical Ward, MS Quarters, Isolation Unit, Maternity Ward repairs Establishment of CSSD stage I BH, Cheddikulam DH, Pavatkulam DGH, Vavuniya DGH, Vavuniya
DGH, Vavuniya
Reconstruction of RE, MOMCH & MOOH Quarters (06 Nos.) RDHS Ofce Construction of the Conference hall, the NTS Hostel Construction of the Admin. block to NTS, Vavuniya, (Storeyed building complex, Lecture hall, Administration block) Construction of a TB Ward Construction of the Bio Medical Unit (Stage III)(on going) Construction of the Dormitory for Nursing Ofcers Medical Ofcers Urgent repairs & painting for the old OPD block, four storeyed building Construction of a Workshop Centre for articial prosthesis Re-construction of the MOH Ofce (on going) Improvement of Wards & Quarters (on going) Extension of the Maternity & Paediatric Ward Construction of the Paediatric Ward 3 Gramodhaya Health Centres (GHCs) constructed in resettlement areas (Vavuniya North) Construction of the Chest Clinic Construction of the MO Quarters Complex Construction of the Nurses Quarters Complex Surgical Theatre, X-Ray Unit, Laboratory, Blood Bank, relocating Dental Unit, Extension of Paediatric Ward, Maternity Ward, construction of Surgical Ward (male & female) NTS, Vavuniya NTS, Vavuniya
BH, Cheddikulam DGH, Vavuniya BH, Cheddikulam DGH, Vavuniya DGH, Vavuniya
5.97 11.00 20.00 7.00 8.00 21.00 15.00 13.57 4.70 8.94 10.00
MOH, Vavuniya North NECORD DGH, Vavuniya DGH, Vavuniya BH, Cheddikulam Vavuniya North DGH, Vavuniya DGH, Vavuniya DGH, Vavuniya BH, Cheddikulam EnREP UNICEF UNICEF UNICEF Govt. of Japan
Canadian Red Cross 49.00 Canadian Red Cross 53.00 German Red Cross 80.00
59
Activity Description
Construction of an Orthopaedic Theatre Complex Provision of necessary medical equipment in 2009 Provision of 52-seater bus Provision of necessary medical equipment in 2011
Location
DGH, Vavuniya DGH, Vavuniya NTS, Vavuniya DGH, Vavuniya, Resettled area Hospitals DGH, Vavuniya DH, Nedunkerni DH, Puliyankulam DGH, Vavuniya RDHS, Ofce DGH, Vavuniya
Funding Source
MSF Holland HSDP PSDG HSDP
Provision of Biomedical reagents Ambulance 02 Nos., Single Cab 01 No. Procurement of CEMONC equipment Procurement of Vehicle to Conduct Mobile Clinic Provision of Vehicle to STD Clinic Total
Dental Chair
61
MANNAR DISTRICT
The administration of Health Services of the Vavuniya District is carried out by RDHS Ofce, Vavuniya. In Vavuniya the institutional network links 64 Health Institutions comprising of Hospitals with specialist services as District General Hospital, District Base Hospital to Divisional Hospitals, Primary Medical Care
Units, Chest Clinic and STD Clinic as Curative Care Institutions and MOH Ofces, Gramodhaya Health Centres and Anti-Malaria Campaigns as Preventive Care Institutions. These institutions provide Curative Care and Preventive Care Services to promote the Health status of the population.
District General Hospital Divisional Hospital (Type B) Divisional Hospital (Type C) Primary Medical Care Unit
01 03 05 07
62
Amount
(US $ mn.)
63
Location
DGH, Mannar DH, Adampan DH, Vidathalthivu DH, Periya Pandivirichchan DGH, Mannar DGH, Mannar DH, Murunkan MOH, Mannar DGH, Mannar DGH, Mannar PMCUL, Thiruketheeswaram Periyamadhu Marichukaddy Iranaiillupankulam DH, Chilawathurai Pallimunai, Nanattan, Vadakandal, Periyamadhu, Sinnavalayankaddu, Arthimoddai DGH Mannar DH, Adampan DH, Periya Pandivirichan MOH, Adampan DGH, Mannar DGH, Mannar DGH, Mannar DGH, Mannar DGH, Mannar Selected Hospitals including DGH DH, Adampan DH, Vidathalthivu DH, Chilawathurai DH, Murunkan DH, Adampan DH, Vidathalthivu DH, Periya Pandivirichan DH, Periya Pandivirichan
Funding Source
PSDG PSDG PSDG HSDP HSDP/PSDG HSDP HSDP HSDP PSDG NECORD NECORD EnREP EnREP EnREP UNICEF UNICEF
Construction of the Special Baby Care Unit (nearing completion) Construction of the Paediatric Ward (nearing completion) Construction of the Maternity Ward (nearing completion) Construction of the MOH Ofce with Quarters (nearing completion) Construction of Semi-Permanent Rehabilitation Wards Construction of the Semi-Permanent Ward Supply of Eye Equipment Supply of EmOC Equipment Supply of GI Endoscope Provision of Medical and furniture Equipment Provision of 04 Nos. Ambulances
UNICEF UNICEF UNICEF UNICEF WHO ICRC NECORD UNFPA IOM HSDP HSDP
22.52 19.38 23.38 26.48 13.00 17.50 9.70 22.00 12.00 30.00 19.77
HSDP
4.72
UNICEF
9.00 493.26
64
Re-construction of the Primary Medical Care Unit, Vellankulam, before & after reconstruction
65
KILINOCHCHI DISTRICT
In Kilinochchi District, General Hospital Kilinochchi is the major curative care institution and all the curative institutions function under the administration of
Regional Director of Health Services, Kilinochchi. The number of institutions according to category is given below:
Presently, all the health institutions in Kilinochchi are functioning except PMCU Iranaithivu, which is in the Poonakary DS Division. In addition to the above hospitals, Chest Clinic, Kilinochchi is functioning
under the administration of Regional Director of Health Services. In the preventive sector, there are 16 Gramodhaya Health Centres in the 4 Medical Ofcer of Health areas, under each Medical Ofcer of Health.
66
Amount
(US$ mn.)
Location
DGH, Kilinochchi DGH, Kilinochchi RDHS, Kilinochchi DH, Uruthirapuram PMCU, Vannerikulam DH, Akkarayankulam PMCU, Kandawalai BH, Mulankavil Jeyapuram, Poonakary
Funding Source
PSDG PSDG PSDG HSDP HSDP HSDP HSDP HSDP HSDP
67
68
Better healthcare newly built Kilinochchi Hospital once used to serve the LTTE casualties
Presidential Task Force
69
Activity Description
Repairs to GHCs
Location
Puthumurippu, Sivanagar Naachchikuda, Anaivilunthan Kiranchi, Unionkulam Iranaimathanagar MOH, Palai MOH, Palai DGH, Kilinochchi DGH, Kilinochchi DGH, Kilinochchi DGH, Kilinochchi Iyakachchi, Puliyampokkanai, Malayalapuram, Santhapuram, 4th Mile Post, Thampirai, Kallaru, Kanakampikaikulam, Umayalapuram (Paranthan) DGH, Kilinochchi MOH, Poonakary DH, Tharmapuram Vaddakachchi Karanthai Selected Hospitals including DGH DH, Uruthirapuram BH, Mulangavill DH, Akkarayan DGH, Kilinochchi DH, Palai DGH, Kilinochchi DGH, Kilinochchi
Funding Source
HSDP
Reconstruction of the MOH Ofce (on going) Reconstruction of the MOH Quarters (on going) Reconstruction of the Nursing Ofcers Quarters (on going) Repairs to the Hospital Building (block 1,2,3) (nearing completion) Completion of the MO Quarters (nearing completion) Re-installation of Central Air-Condition System (on going) Renovation of GHCs
Refurbishment of the Obstetric Care Unit Re-construction of the MOH Ofce (on going) Re-construction of the Hospital Building Re-construction of the PMCU Re-construction of the GHC Provision of Medical and Furniture Equipment Provision of Ambulance (05 Nos.), Single Cab (02), Mobile Spraying Unit (01)
Provision of Medical Equipment (under evaluation) Provision of necessary Medical Equipment (on going) Total
NECORD
48.89
70
Renovation & repairs to the OPD Block & MO quarters at PMCU Vannerikulam before & after reconstruction
Renovation & repairs to the Maternity ward at DH, Uruthirapuram before & after reconstruction
71
MULLAITIVU DISTRICT
In Mullaitivu District, General Hospital Mullaitivu is the major curative care institution. All the curative institutions function under the administration of
Regional Director of Health Services, Mullaitivu. The distribution of healthcare institutions are given below:
72
Amount
(US $ mn.)
Location
DH, Mallavi DH, Naddankandal BH, Mankulam
Funding Source
HSDP HSDP HSDP
73
Activity Description
MOH Ofce, MOH Quarters, Clinic Room & Cycle Park renovation Reconstruction of the RDHS Ofce (nearing completion) Reconstruction of MO Quarters and Kitchen Reconstruction of Quarters to RDHS Reconstruction of PMCU Repairs to OPD Block (nearing completion)
Location
MOH, Mallavi RDHS, Mullaitivu DGH, Mullaitivu RDHS, Mullaitivu Alampil DGH, Mullaitivu
Funding Source
HSDP PSDG PSDG PSDG PSDG
Construction of 30 rooms Nursing Ofcers Quarters (on going) DGH, Mullaitivu Refurbishment of Obstetric Care Unit Re-construction of Maternity Ward & Paediatric Ward Complex (on going) Re-construction of Paediatric Ward & Maternity Ward (on going) Refurbishment of GHCs DGH, Mullaitivu DGH, Mullaitivu DH, Mallavi Mamoolai, Kumulamunai, Thaneeruttu, Vattapalai, Alampil, Kompavil, Kaively, Suthanthirapuram, Vallipunam, Iyankankulam, Paandiyankulam Vannivilankulam Selected Hospitals including DGH DH, Mallavi DH, Oddusuddan DH, Naddankandal PMCU, Thunukkai DGH, Mullaitivu Provision of Medical Equipment (under evaluation) Provision of necessary Medical Equipment (on going) Provision of Laboratory Equipment Provision of 02 nos. Ambulances Total DGH, Mullaitivu DGH, Kilinochchi DH, Mallavi DH, Mallavi DGH, Mullaitivu
Reconstruction of GHCs Provision of Medical and furniture Equipment Ambulance (05), Single Cab (03), Mobile Dental Vehicle (01), Mobile Spraying Unit (01), 30-seater Bus (01), Mobile Mental Health Vehicle (01)
Sarvodhaya
10
NECORD
39.34
74
Re-construction of the OPD block at Base Hospital Mankulam before & after reconstruction
75
Provision of Shelter
The rst priority in resettlement was to provide shelter. A survey was carried out through the District Staff and the security personnel and the observation was that housing had been a critical issue even when this area was under LTTE control. Major cause for the damage was removal of roofs, doors and windows. It has been reported that the LTTE instructed people to remove whatever possible and retreat with the LTTE so that the people can construct new houses at a new location. The balance number of families had been living in temporary houses made out of perishable materials and hence were totally destroyed by the time resettlement commenced. During the period from 2005 to 2008 Northern East Housing Rehabilitation Programme (NEHRP) has made an attempt to construct new houses in Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu districts as well. However, due to restrictions imposed by the insecure situation the total number of houses constructed by NEHRP in Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu, prior to 2009, was only 611 and 613 respectively. The Interim solutions included the following: (i) Temporary Shelter (ii) Transitional Shelter (Semi-permanent) (iii) Permanent houses including core houses Under the circumstances, action was taken to provide cash grants and shelter materials as an immediate solution for the people either to repair a part of the damaged houses or to construct temporary shelters. A cash grant of Rs. 25,000 funded by the UNHCR on the request of the GoSL was provided to the resettled families. An advance of Rs. 5,000 was given through the Divisional Secretary and the balance Rs. 20,000 through the Bank of Ceylon. In addition, Non Food Returnee Kits (NFRI) were distributed, which included 2 Tarpaulin sheets and Nylon ropes as tent material. The GoSL provided 12 roong sheets and 8 Cement bags with the assistance of the Government of India to make the temporary shelter weatherproof. Simultaneously, a programme was launched to upgrade the housing to semi-permanent status, which would last for two to three years or more until permanent houses are provided. The relief provided through temporary shelter proved to be inadequate during the rainy season. As a result the second stage of transitional shelter was introduced. The model for semi-permanent houses was rst introduced by IOM through consultation with the PTF. Subsequently, all INGOs/NGOs were directed to put up that model of houses instead of assistance to put up tents. A transitional shelter was designed to provide a 200 sq. ft. semi permanent house divided into two rooms. The walls were put up with cement blocks up to three layers and the balance up to roof level was to be completed with Cadjan or Plywood. The roof was made using roong sheets. A temporary latrine was provided for each and every transitional shelter. The progress of transitional housing programme is indicated below:
Temporary Shelter
76
No. of Transitional
(semi-permanent) shelters constructed
The third stage was the permanent housing. Having provided temporary and transitional housing to the returnee families, the GOSL commenced negotiations with donor agencies and NGOs to upgrade permanent houses with minimum basic standards. The European Union committed to a project to upgrade 3,232 semi permanent houses constructed by some of the NGOs in Cheddikulam and Vavuniya DS Divisions in Vavuniya District. EU was requested to consider embracing the newly resettled families under their project for which an agreement was reached and target area was extended to cover other DS Divisions of Vavuniya District as well. At the rst phase, EU project completed 520 housing units. The balance is to be completed with in a two year time frame.
The GOSL took the leadership by allocating more funds for housing construction under the ongoing NEHRP. The total number of houses scheduled to be constructed under NEHRP is 27,392 of which 22,635 have already been completed. UN Habitat agreed to construct 7,900 houses with assistance under AUSAid and EU. Around 2,000 houses were almost completed. More NGOs have expressed their interest to assist returnee housing. The Sri Lanka Red Cross took the lead to construct 2,200 houses in Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu districts. The number completed is around 830. The NGOs have undertaken to assist construction and repair of a small number of permanent houses.
No. of Housing
Units Completed
78
Before
After
Before
After
Before
After
Tellipalai
Kopay
83
The Programme of the Ministry of Construction, Engineering Services, Housing and Common amenities
The Ministry of Construction, Engineering Services and Housing extended its activities in the Northern Province to cater to the needs of those to be resettled. The National Housing Development Authority (NHDA) under the Ministry constructed 1,549 houses District Jaffna Killinochchi Mullaitivu Vavuniya Mannar Total 2009 140 0 0 126 95 361 under ve of their programmes including the newly commenced Janasaviya Upahara loan scheme. The number of houses constructed by years are given in the following table:
86
Revival of Education
This chapter covers in detail the revival of the sector with a great deal of work planned and implemented during the past two and a half years with substantial Government investments. Recognizing the value of education, immediately after the humanitarian operation, His Excellency the President directed that education should continue within the welfare centres starting immediately and continuing as long as people are in the centres. The schools in all the districts experienced multiple displacement and the (students) children reached transit camps and relief villages from December 2008 to May 2009. Temporary learning centres were established in these camps to expose the children to a learning environment, helping them out of the stress experienced by them and assisting them to proceed with their education. While there was school education covering children in welfare centres, the GoSL took all the necessary steps to get on with the formal education in schools immediately with resettlement of people in their own lands. This was a priority subject in the 180 day programme. In this process, two major aspects, rstly, provision of text books, uniforms and learning equipment and secondly the repair and reconstruction of schools were undertaken. Free books, uniforms and mid-day meals were provided as shown below:
Direct Interventions by the Ministry of Education to the North Issue of free Books
Year 2009 2010 2011 Target 1,900,567 1,846,832 2,971,049 Physical Achievement 1,900,567 1,846,832 2,339,021 Financial Progress 268,338,715.00 318,316,012.00 392,576,611.00
Also, special classes were conducted in relief villages to prepare students for Grade 5 Scholarships,
GCE (O/L) and GCE (A/L) examinations with teachers from Colombo, Vavuniya and Jaffna.
89
Rehabilitation of schools
Altogether, there are 1,020 schools in the 12 educational zones in the Northern Province. By May 2009, most of the schools except in locations like Jaffna, Mannar and Vavuniya Towns had been damaged to some degree. Many of the school buildings were without roofs. There was no furniture in many of the schools. They were either damaged or removed. During the 180-Day programme, major attention was given to repair of damaged school buildings and supply of furniture to schools. Since 2009, 1,630 school buildings have been repaired at a total cost of Rs. 1,341 million and the entire investment was borne by the GoSL. By now, 919 schools are fully functional in the Northern Province with a total student population of 260,582 and having the services of 14,081 teachers. The new construction, rehabilitation and repair work of the schools were carried out with funds obtained from the following projects funded by the Government: Education Sector Development Framework Project (ESDFP) Education Enhancement Development Programme (EEDP) Sectoral Education Mobilization Project (SEMP) Provincial Specic Development Grant (PSDG) NAWODAYA Criteria Based Grant (CBG) Isuru Education Knowledge Society Project (EKSP)
91
Jana/Mathagal St. Joseph Vidyalayam From Conflict to Stability - Northern Province, Sri Lanka
92
Jana/Union College
and wells in selected schools in two zonal divisions i.e. Islands and Thunukkai.
Nawodaya 2010/2011
For construction of school buildings, libraries, assembly halls and repairs to school buildings, Rs. 13.5mn. has been spent under this project in year 2010. Further Rs. 9.5mn. has been allocated for upfront activities in six zonal divisions and Rs. 19mn. has been spent for construction work in three schools in Valikamam, Thunukkai and Vavuniya South Zonal Divisions.
and Vavuniya Districts) with the total outlay of Rs. 195.1mn. The High Commission of India has awarded the contract to a Sri Lankan construction company and signing of the Contract Agreement has already been accomplished.
e following table illustrates the work on school repairs carried out during 2009-2011. Zone No. of No. of Schools Schools in each closed in Zone each Zone 116 82 152 66 76 103 55 56 78 42 90 104 1020 14 06 21 09 20 14 19 00 03 04 00 01 111 No. of items done 2009 39 41 49 21 27 12 00 21 55 14 14 96 389 1,630 281 1,349 Although these numbers include 45 schools to be nanced by the UNICEF, the cost is not included in the total of Rs. 1314.21mn. The ENReP has undertaken work in 138 schools under 138 Projects (one building per school) and has completed 104 by 31st Dec. 2011. 2010 69 46 66 40 35 80 23 49 44 22 49 40 563 2011 68 78 52 32 36 92 26 68 79 41 34 72 678 Total 176 165 167 93 98 184 49 138 178 77 97 208 1630 No. of No. of Expenses Schools Projects Rs. mn. work done 50 35 52 26 29 68 21 39 54 28 32 50 484 68 52 78 32 36 92 26 68 79 41 34 72 678 150.1 152.7 146.3 69.9 34.1 188.9 90.0 76.5 118.4 101.5 94.9 90.9 1341.2
Jaffna Vadamarachchi Valikamam Thenmarachchi Islands Kilinochchi Mullaitivu Tunnukkai Mannar Madhu V/North V/South Total Total for the 03 years is Number on-going is Number completed is
Of the 111 schools closed, 70 have been closed due to lack of students, where as 40 schools are unable to be reopened due to demining operation in the location not been completed. Of the 678 projects in 2011, 397 have been completed and the rest are in the process of being completed.
94
Adampan RCTMS
School Buildings
These items included Repairs and New Construction of School Buildings, Laboratories, Libraries, Computer Rooms, Staff Quarters, Water Supplies and Boundary walls. The number of schools in each zone and the number of students and teachers by 2010 May and 2011 Dec. are given in the following table:
Educational Zone wise Student/Teacher population in Schools Zone No. of No. of Students May Dec. No. of Teachers May Dec.
Schools
Jaffna Vadamaradchi Valikaman Thenmarachchi Islands Kilinochy Mullaitivu Thunnukkai Mannar Madhu V/North V/South Total 116 82 152 66 76 103 55 56 78 42 90 104 1020
2010
20180 20307 40338 15264 10764 22748 6186 7816 22262 7250 8973 32174 214262
2011
52703 21996 42171 14149 10292 27765 9820 15533 21833 6073 9191 29056 260582
2010
1125 1337 2110 950 663 1231 411 549 1177 274 519 1859 12205
2011
2323 1376 2023 943 674 1489 823 535 1225 489 501 1566 13967
95
Before
Now
Ma/Parapankandai RCTMS 98
Iranaimadu - Jaffna Water Supply SchemeJaffna/Kilinochchi Water Supply and Sanitation Project
Jaffna and Kilinochchi districts have experienced a surge of returnees and consequent economic activities. In Jaffna Peninsula, currently 29 small scale water supply schemes are being operated by NWS&DB and local authorities. In addition to these, Jaffna Municipalitys water supply scheme is maintained by Jaffna Municipal Council. Main component of the projects are as follows: 1. Improvement of Iranaimadu Head Works including high lift irrigation and rehabilitation of the downstream (beneciaries 55,000). 2. Water supply (beneciaries 300,000) a. Construction of intake at Iranaimadu b. Construction of Treatment Plant at Palai (35,000 m3/day) c. Supply and laying of treated transmission mains (44km.) d. Supply and laying of distribution mains (284km.) e. Construction of 17 Nos. of Elevated tanks and 04 numbers of Underground reservoirs. Presidential Task Force
99
100
101
3.
Sanitation and Sewerage (beneciaries 80,000) a. Construction of the Sewerage network b. Construction of Sewerage treatment plant at Kallundai Construction of the Asst. General Managers Ofce buildings, OIC ofces and quarters
Financing Agents
Asian Development Bank Agence Francaise de Development Government of Sri Lanka Total US $ 90.00mn. US $ 48.00mn. US $ 26.04mn. US $ 164.04mn.
4.
Total Investment
Water Supply and Sanitation infrastructure Water Supply Sewerage and Sanitation Iranaimadu Improvement Jaffna Water Resource Management Capacity Building Contingencies Financing Charges during implementation Total Project Cost US $ 92.55mn. US $ 35.64mn. US $ 10.63mn. US $ 2.64mn. US $ 5.58mn. US $ 11.67mn. US $ 5.33mn. US $ 164.04mn.
Present Status
Project Directors ofce has been established at Kandy Road, Jaffna Necessary Staff appointed Land acquisition is in progress Six rms short-listed and evaluation is going on Draft EOI and TOR for Community Based Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project is prepared and sent for the approval of the ADB. Road crossing works are completed Ofce building design is entrusted to University of Moratuwa. Preliminary design is completed Iranaimadu Head works are implemented by Provincial Irrigation Department
Water Supply Projects Implemented in Northern Province under Ministry of Water Supply and Drainage (On going Projects)
Name of the Objective District No. of Cost
Project/Scheme
Irruppalai WSS Construction of pump house installation of pumps, supply & laying of pipes Jaffna
Thevanpiddy WSS
Construction of intake wells, 225m3 water tower, pump station, laying of 30km. distribution network and transmission main.
Mannar
6,500
168.04
1.53
Construction of 225m3 Tower rehabilitation of ground sump, pump house, supply and laying of transmission main and 25km. distribution network, supply and installation of E & M equipment etc.
Mannar
10,000
296.0
2.69
Nedunkerny WSS
Construction of 225m3 water tower pump house, laying of 25km. distribution system and transmission main. Rehabilitation of existing water scheme.
Vavuniya
5,000
175.62
1.6
Oddusudan WSS
Construction of 450m3 water tower, pump house, ofce building, stores and quarters, laying of 25km. distribution system and 5km. transmission main.
Mullaitivu
5,000
92.21
0.84
103
Name of the
Objective
District
No. of
Cost
Project/Scheme
Pandiyankulam WSS Construction of 225m3 water tower pump house, ofce building, stores & quarters, laying of 40km. distribution system and 10km. transmission main Construction of 225m3 water tower pump house, laying of 30km. distribution network and 10km. transmission main. Construction of 750m3 water tower pump house, ofce building, Stores and Quarters. Supply and laying of 30km. distribution system and 12km. transmission main. Installation of M & E equipments etc. Construction of cistern tanks 05 Nos., Capacity 1,800 litres, intake pump house and laying of transmission main 06km. in length Mullaitivu
Mullavi WSS
Mullaitivu
4,525
194.26
1.77
Velvetiturai WSS
Jaffna
10,000
248.57
2.26
Maruthankerny WSS
Jaffna
9,600
25.0
0.23
ADB 12205 Funded Projects (LOAN) Dry Zone Water Supply and Sanitation Project (ADB 05th) Construction of intake wells, 500 m3 ground reservoir, water tower, supply and laying of transmission main and distribution lines. Construction of impounding Reservoir, Ground Reservoir, Towers, treatment plant & quarters. Supply and laying of transmission main and distribution network Improvements to existing ground water source and replacement of existing pumps - 1 Vacuum Tanker to be provided to Urban Council, Vavuniya - Improve sanitation for 500 households - Rehabilitation of 02 public latrines Mannar 65,000 1,400 12.7
Vavuniya
87,900
4,300
39.1
104
Project/Scheme
Jaffna Major Water Supply Scheme (ADB 06th - Rural Water Supply and Sanitation in Post Conict areas of Jaffna and Kilinochchi) Construction of intake at Iranamadu Tank and improvement to the construction of pump house, installation of M&E equipment, construction of T/P at Palai (27,000 m3 WTP in stage I & 23,000 m3 WTP in stage II), supply and laying of transmission main and distribution network, construction of Ground Water reservoirs and water towers and quarters. JMC congested area and part of Nallur Pradeshiya Sabha. Treatment Plant and Sewer Network Water Supply and Sanitation facilities to rural communities Jaffna Kilinochchi Jaffna
ADB 06th - Rural Water Supply and Sanitation in Post Conict areas of Jaffna and Kilinochchi
220.0
2.0
105
Name of the
Objective
District
No. of
Cost
Project/Scheme
JICA Funded 2KR New Projects (GoSL) Supply of well drilling equipment, support vehicle, drilling consumables and spares Immediate arrangements to provide water supply to Kilinochchi town and surrounding villages NWSDB Funded Projects Extension to Kaddudai Extension of distribution line, laying of pipe and construction of cistern tank Water supply to IDP facilities Jaffna Northern Province
Northern Province
99
0.9
1,500
0.02
Operation and maintenance activities in IDP facilities in Menik Farm North East pilot water and sanitation project (AUSAID funded)
Vavuniya
15,000
0.5
50,000
110
1.0
Water Supply Projects implemeted in Northern Province under Ministry of Water Supply and Drainage (Projects Completed) Three tier system (Tube Wells) Construction of 30 Nos. tube wells and installation of hand pump Construction of pump house, shallow well, supply & laying of distribution main, construction of cistern tank Under this task, following activities were carried out: Construction of tube wells - 227 production wells - 06 transmission main - 15km. and internal distribution network 35km. Installation of package WTP for drinking water - 10 Nos. Operation of water bowsers 40 Nos. Supply and installation of plastic water tanks - 800 Nos. Jaffna 3,000 5.1 0.5
Kaithady WSS
Jaffna
3,000
0.06
Providing water supply and sanitation facilities for IDPs in Menik Farm and for resettlement areas
Vavuniya Mannar
250,000
93.11
0.85
106
Project/Scheme
No. of existing shallow wells cleaned in resettled areas 1041 No. of existing shallow wells cleaned in IDP facilities - 339 Total No. of cleaning shallow wells - 1380 Providing water supply facilities to resettlement areas and IDP facilities in Vauniya and Mannar Under this task following activities were carried out: Operation of water bowsers 10Nos. and Cleaning of existing dug wells Construction of intake well, ferocement tank and distribution network Construction of pump house Supplying & laying of distribution main Construction of pump house, shallow well, supplying and laying of distribution main and construction of cistern tank Collecting the well data in reference to the depth, co-ordination, EC and PH Drilling of bore holes, installation of pumps in new bore holes and rehabilitation of dug wells Kilinochchi Vavuniya Mannar Mullaitivu
50,000
12.125
0.11
Jaffna
5,000
0.07
Jaffna Jaffna
2,000 2,000
18.2 5
0.17 0.05
Jaffna
3,000
0.05
Jaffna
20,000
0.47
0.004
10,000
14.61
0.133
107
Name of the
Objective
District
No. of
Cost
Project/Scheme
JICA 2 KR Funded Projects (GoSL)
Construction of Septate Treatment Plant (Pampemadu Waste Water stabilization) Construction of Treatment plant Northern Province
Nos.
Northern Province
200,000
33.9
0.31
Jaffna
5,000
0.03
Cheddikulam WSS
Vavuniya
4,000
10
0.9
Nilaverai WSS
Jaffna
10
0.9
National consumption is 92% Existing Projects Vavuniya - Kilinochchi transmission line and Kilinochchi sub station project
Funding agency Project cost JICA LKR 1,408mn. (US$ 12.8mn.) (agreed to consider enhancing up to LKR 3280mn. (US$ 29.8mn.) The objective of this project is to provide electricity to Vavuniya, Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu districts. The Project envisages construction of Vavuniya and Kilinochchi sub stations and a 132kv. line from Vavuniya to Kilinochchi through 8 sub stations.
111
Main Switch yard, CEB, Kilinochchi 112 From Conflict to Stability - Northern Province, Sri Lanka
113
A As both short term and medium term measures, funds have been allocated for this project for the following improvements: Replacement of 2 X 10mv. transformers with 2 X 31.5mva. transformers Addition of 433kv. feeders Addition of 33kv. Sub station Addition of 01 132kv. Sub station
Project cost
The objective of this project is to provide 132kv. high-tension line from Kilinochchi to Chunnakam and construct substation to supply power to Jaffna and Kilinochchi and provide uninterrupted supply to the people in these 2 districts. The residents in Kilinochchi, Kandawalai, Pallai, Chavakachcheri, Kopai, Uduwil, Karaweddi and Karachchi will benet by the project.
Provision of funds; LKR 450mn. by GoSL funds (US$ 4.09mn.) LKR 750mn. by CAARP project under ADB (US$ 6.82mn.) B - As medium term measures LKR 3725 under supplies credit term (US$ 33.9mn.) LKR 657 by ESCROW A/C (US$ 5.97mn.) LKR 915 by ESCROW A/C (US$ 8.32mn.) * ESCROW is a fund collected by the CEB from 0.1% of annual recurrent expenditure. It has an amount of Rs. 3.0bn. at present.
Construction of Medium and Low Voltage Network to achieve 100% electricity coverage to Northern Province. CEBs policy is the total coverage of electricity in Northern Province which will be done incrementally.
116
With the emergence of LTTE terrorism in the 1980s, this area became inaccessible to regular pilgrims and the place was abandoned. The LTTE sometimes used the temple as one of their hideouts and for activities initiated in adjoining villages. After the defeat of the LTTE, the temple is accessible once again to pilgrims with the protection of the Sri Lankan security forces and the police. The Importance of the rehabilitation of this Kovil was revealed at the rst stage of the damage assessment survey and the Government constructed the access road from Medawachchiya/Mannar road and constructed the (Chariot) Veethy as well as a network of roads in the periphery of the temple and installed electric street lamps including in Palavi pond area. Initiatives were taken by the Government with Government of India to invite assistance of the Kovil restoration society for specialized work. The Restoration society at a cost of over 20 million repaired dot granite pillars carved by the College of Architecture and Sculptor of Mamallapuram over a period of 20 years. These granite pillars are now at
site. The Government of India has agreed to assemble these granite stones at a cost of over 200 million and has entrusted the job to the College of Architecture and Sculptor Mamallampuram. The cost for the Government for improvements to access roads to the kovil and internal roads system of about 2.3km. and the procession road of about 19km., and paring slab work and the renovation of Palavi Pond area was Rs. 74.65mn. by the Road Development Authority and Rs. 253.48mn. by Nothern Provincial Council, where necessary funds were provided by the Ministry of Economic Development. The Government had several discussions including the very rst meeting at Temple Trees with Kovil Restoration Society to plan the restoration work that should be carried out and decide on the priorities and requirement of specialized work. A further list of 294 Hindu Temples in all ve districts were provided with nancial assistance of Rs. 41.8m (US$ 0.38mn) from August 2008 to May 2009 and plans are in progress to expand to the rest of the places through the Department of Hindu Cultural Affairs.
A rest room
irumurikandy Kovil
Financial assistance granted During the last three years the Department of Hindu Religious and Cultural Affairs has allocated a sum of Rs. 1.5 million for renovation work of this Temple.
Renovation of other Catholic Churches by the Government through the Department of Christian Religious Affairs
2010 - St.Anthonys Church at Kanagarayankulam in Vavuniya district at a cost of Rs.1.5mn. 2011 - St. Fatima Church at Ruduramapuram in Kilinochchi district at a cost of Rs.1.5mn.
Rehabilitated Shrine
Rehabilitated Shrine
Buddhist Temples
Renovation of Buddhist Temples in Northern Province Renovation of Nagadeepa Temple
Nagadeepa the place of the second visit to Sri Lanka by the Lord Buddha has preserved as a sacred place for more than 2500 years. The Nagadeepa Temple and its precincts needed restoration. Hundreds of thousands of devotees started to visit Nagadeepa and Dambakolapatuna after 2009. The Government started rehabilitation work in Nagadeepa temple, constructing the compound and patching Wahalkada and 18 cubit (Riyan) Buddha statue by Sri Lanka Navy.
Dambakolapatuna Temple
Dambakolapatuna (Sambilithurai) is also a sacred place where the right branch of Sri Mahabodhi which was donated to King Devanampiyatissa by the Emperor Asoka of India 2300 years ago. Sri Mahabodhi arrived in Sri Lanka with Noble Arahat Theri Sangamitta, the daughter of the Emperor Asoka and a team of diplomats, and has prevailed as a sacred place of historical importance named Samudda Vihara alias Vaaluka Vihara. This Vihara has been found to be in ruins. In the year 1999 a sacred Bodhi sapling of Sri Maha Bodhi was planted by naval personnel and since then with funds provided by the Sri Lanka Navy and the temple was rebuilt in the same location and a small dagabha was also built.
124
Dambakolapatuna Temple
Restoration of Administration
The Provincial Council Ofce of the Northern Province operated from Trincomalee which is the main city of the Eastern Province located around 130 miles away from the Northern Province. Hence the rst and foremost priority was to locate the Northern Provincial Ofce in a suitable location with in the province itself. At the initial stage, some of the Ministries of the Provincial Council were shifted to Kilinochchi. Subsequently, Provincial Council Ministries and Provincial Council ofces and the Ofce of the Chief Secretary were established in Jaffna, the District which accounts for almost 65% of the population of the Province. By May 2009, almost all the civil administration institutions in the displaced areas were found to have been dislocated and most of the buildings were damaged and rendered unusable. The 180 day programme identied the district and divisional administration infrastructure as one of the priorities for renovation and re-establishment. The District Secretariat buildings at Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu were renovated and the ofces which were temporarily functioning at Vavuniya town were re-established in the previous locations. The renovation of DS ofces commenced from Musali and Manthai West and extended to the rest of the districts. During the 180 days programme itself, DS ofces at Musali, Manthai West, Madhu, Thunukkai, Karachchi, Poonakery, Manthai East and Oddusudan were reestablished. As at present all the DS ofces have been reopened and are functioning.
125
126
GROWTH INITIATIVES
Revival of the Agriculture Sector Restoration of the Irrigation Sector Revival of the Fisheries Sector Rehabilitation of the Livestock Sector Contribution of the Banking Sector and the Non-Banking Sector Institutions
Presidential Task Force
127
Paddy Cultivation
A detailed recovery and rehabilitation plan for paddy cultivation was initiated with the commencement of Uthuru Vasanthaya.
Paddy Cultivation in Kilinochchi District
129
Jaffna
Jaffna
4w. Tractor 2w. Tractor Water pumps Knapsack Sprayer Power sprayer Combine Harvesters
2,202
2,204
18
205
98 100
12 20
67 6
371 2
383 300 2 5
245 5 3 2 2 3
165
570
1 10 25 20 230 210
10 20 95
5 15 5
11 20 258
122 35 33
69 85 726
Jaffna
594 742
1,799 40 10
Extent of cultivable and abandoned paddy lands in the Northern Province as at 2009(AC)
District Jaffna Vavuniya Mannar Mullaitivu Kilinochchi Total
Source : Department of Agriculture, Northern Province
Total cultivable paddy lands 32,361 52.540 57.710 41,340 63,454 247,405
Total abandoned paddy lands 8,394 25,306 44,805 41,340 63,454 183,299
The resettlement process accelerated the number of families returning to their original places. This trend supported by various input facilities i.e. subsidised fertilizer and equipment provided to the resettled families resulted in increasing the number of families engaging in on-farm/off-farm activities. According to the statistics available there were 142,620 of farmer families in in the northern province in 2011. A considerable increase of such families has been recorded from Jaffna, Kilinochchi and Vavuniya Districts.
GROWTH INITIATIVES
It must be noted that fertilizer was made available immediately after resettlement to enable the returnees to quickly recommence their main livelihood in the
immediate Maha season (2009/10) and followed by the next season 2010/11.
Value of fertilizer provided for all the seasons referred to above is Rs. 3371.1mn. (US$ 30.6mn.). Maha Season: October to February Yala Season: May to August
131
Production (Metric Tons) Yala Maha Yala 2010 2010/11 2011 0 5,285 4,258 2,514 4,647 16,704 225,862 38,292 17,730 64,646 39,231 185,761 0 20,024 16,700 6,511 23,239 66,474
These gures show a remarkable achievement in bringing a large extent of abandoned cultivable land under paddy
cultivation and the result of such efforts, which is more than two-fold increase in paddy production.
Reconstruction of Food Production Wells (Agro wells) by the Government in 2010 District Manner Kilinochchi Mullaitivu Vavuniya Total
Source : Agriculture Department, NPC
132
GROWTH INITIATIVES
ground water is available in sufcient quantities. It has been reported that around 10,000 farmers had been engaged in lift irrigated high value crop cultivation in the region where people were compelled to vacate due to the conict. Cultivation of abandoned highland with other eld crops resulted in the reduction of prices of essential food items. The extent of total OFC cultivation has increased from 24,382 acres in 2009 to 62,976 acres in 2011, while production increased from 44,506 metric tons to 87,508 metric tons respectively. In addition, cultivation of vegetable was also increased from 13,384 acres in 2009 to 17,295 acres in 2011 while, production increased from 77,270 metric tons to 112,567 metric tons.
Seed materials provided for subsidiary food crops cultivation - 2010/11 (kg.)
Crop Black gram Green gram Cowpea Groundnut Maize Gingerly Chilies Kurakkan Red onion 166,295
Source: Ministry of Agriculture Northern Province
FAO 79,152 18,236 38,756 164,270 10,500 1310 300 800 14,475
Total Kg. 205,722 54,006 83,286 199,670 31,800 1,310 332 800 180,770
133
A fast early recovery Dragon fruit farm - Murunkan 134 From Conflict to Stability - Northern Province, Sri Lanka
135
Extent (hectares)
14.8ha. 2.4ha. 3.36ha.
Under this programme, Rs. 29.39mn. (US$ 0.267mn.) has been spent in 2011.
136
GROWTH INITIATIVES
Home Gardening
Being a rural region most of the homesteads in the North are more than half an acre in extent. A programme was arranged to develop home gardens with fruit trees including mangoes and jack, plantation crops such as coconut and palmyrah, timber species and vegetables. The concept embodied in the Divi Neguma programme was adopted in home garden development integrating agriculture with animal husbandry and cottage industries.
Presidential Task Force
137
FAO 121,816 27,218 111,918 54,436 90,558 27,218 190,354 27,218 351,192 1,001,928
Total 128,177 33,579 125,140 55,746 90,558 28,188 204,664 27,718 351,191 2,188 600 1,047,780
Plantation Crops
The Industrial Agriculture of the Northern Province suffered total damage in some parts and partially in other parts of the province during the conict. The major industrial agriculture crops are Coconut, Palmyrah and Cashew and there were large number of home gardens with Coconut and Palmyrah, supplemented with plantations.
GROWTH INITIATIVES
The rehabilitation of these 3 perennial crops has been put on fast track through replanting and model farm development. In this regard new planting programmes were carried out under Mahinda Chinthanaya. The palmyrah and coconut plantations were introduced to the home gardens while inter cropping of subsidiary food crops and fruit crops was encouraged so as to use land more effectively.
Palmyrah Cultivation
Palmyrah is the major industrial and homestead crop in the Northern Province and a signicant contributor to the household economy. Extent of Palmyrah cultivation in Northern Province (AC) District Extent Jaffna Kilinochchi Mannar Mullaitivu Vavuniya Total (Acres) 21,700.0 21,700.0 18,600.0 3,100.0 49.6 65,149.6 Following projects have been implemented by the Palmyrah Development Board during 2011: Replanting Programme Re-establishment of Palmyrah Research Institute Establishment of Palmyrah fruit drink factory Reactivating of Palmyrah Vinegar factory Introduction of Palmyrah fruit pulp extractor Production of Palmyrah SAP Introduction of climbing device for tappers Intercropping in Palmyrah lands Palmyrah handicrafts and byproducts production
The Palmyrah Development Board is responsible for the development of the palmyrah industry in the Province. In 2008, 2009 and 2010, the quantity of seeds planted as replacement of the destroyed trees at a cost of Rs. 8.5mn. The sales proceeds from Palmyrah products are as follows: 2008 2009 2010 2011 Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. 7.5mn. 13.6mn. 20.0mn. 19.2mn.
Enhancement of Palmyrah Production Fruit based products Research & Development Institutional strengthening Total
Seeds planted 4.4mn. Farms developed 64 Nos. Handicraft training SAP Training Programme Advanced Training Programme Jaggery Pulp Research studies
Coconut Cultivation
In 2002 there was an extent of 85,394 acres of coconut lands in the Northern Province. During the conict nearly 47,523 acres had been destroyed. At present the extent of coconut cultivation land stands at 37,871 acres.
Coconut
12,480 39,730 23,984 3,200 6,000 85,394
2010 Maha
51,801 100,050 151,851
2011 Yala
11,000 -5,000 16,000
2011 Maha
28,000 27,080 31,875 86,955
142
GROWTH INITIATIVES
Expenditure incurred by the Coconut Cultivation Board (CCB) for the development of coconut cultivation in the Northern Province. 2009 2010 2011 Rs. 9.8mn. Rs. 5.0mn. Rs. 47.8mn.
Jaffna 128 11
143
Special Cultivation Project Jointly carried out with Civil Security Department
During the year 2010 2011 special efforts were made to develop and replant abandoned cashew plantations situated at Kondachchi in Mannar District with direct assistance of the Civil Security Department. As at present, 650 acres have been replanted successfully and the total cost incurred was approximately Rs. 11.2mn.
Vavuniya
Mannar
Total
Source: Cashew Corporation
In 2012, subsidy programme will be extended to Mullaitivu and Kilinochchi Districts for another 500 families. Total nancial aissistance is Rs. 1.6mn. and 16,000 seedlings will be planted.
144
GROWTH INITIATIVES
The maps showing the major and medium tanks are given below:
145
146
No. of Beneciaries
10,066 10,488 4,076 4,117 13,304 42,051
148
GROWTH INITIATIVES
There are also salt water exclusion schemes Thirty four in Jaffna district and four in Kilinochchi district where 7220 and 341 acres respectively have been reclaimed for agriculture. Further, there are also 3 lagoon schemes and one drainage scheme in Jaffna district beneting 20,000 acres and 2000 Acres respectively. These are listed in table below:
No.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
No.
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34
No.
1 2 3 4
Lagoon Schemes
Upparu Vadamarachchi Elephantpass Jaffna
No.
1
Drainage Schemes
Valukkai Aru
149
Pavatkulam Muhanthankulam Maruthamadu Iratperikyakulam Rajendrankulam Kal-Aru Anicut Giants Tank Akathimurrippu Viyadikulam Akkarayan Kulam Iranamadu Kalmadu Kanagampigaikulam Kariyalai Nagupaduwan Piramanthal Aru Puthumurippu Vannerikulam Kudamurutty Tank Aliyamaruthamadu Tank Chemamadu Tank Kalmadu Tank Kanagaranyan Kulam Kombuvaitakulam Mallikai Kulam Maharambai Kulam Moonayamadu Kulam Nampan Kulam Pampaimadu Vavuniya Tank Velan Kulam Eropothana Tank Madukanda Tank Mahakachchikodiya Mamaduwa Periyathampanal Adampan Kulam Kurai Tank Maruthamadu Anicut Periyamadu Tank Periyapandivirichchan Thadchanamarutamadu Welimaruthamadu Mullikulam
150
4,134 805 438 503 295 600 24,438 6,231 1,223 3,175 20,882 3,450 260 1,505 602 985 346 1,600 228 60 400 314 200 375 215 215 256 260 427 224 238 400 257 659 342 400 750 560 750 606 530 750 375
135 180 108 295 21,800 3,200 175 140 215 215 260 435 170 220 100
4,134 765 438 500 295 .. 23,000 6,300 1,223 2,368 17,730 100 1,210 60 470 319 228 600 400 314 220 300 215 215 256 260 435 224 238 400 257 659 366 606 750 750 606 530 750 375
1,300 178 438 500 295 .. 2,736 300 10,000 260 500 350 450 130 200 91 54 69 25 138 106 160 49 148 101 299 27 49 180 200 200 101
GROWTH INITIATIVES
Name of Schemes
Vavunikkulam Iyankankulam Thenniyankulam Ampalaperumal Mallavikulam Maruthankulam Koddaikadiyakulam Kalvilankulam Palayamurukandy Panankamam Therankandal Kollavilankulam Muthuiyankaddukulan Thannimurippukulam Visuvamadu Kanukerny Madawalasingam Neethukaikulam Maruthamadu Tank Total
6,060 952 850 623 325 450 405 400 356 850 300 262 4,150 2,364 388 1,816 398 370 750 103,332
1,000 300 200 200 26 100 200 200 196 200 65 30,335
3,962 300 419 426 290 90 288 338 282 250 50 119 2,279 69 325 808 79,161
2,100 110 180 140 60 80 70 90 45 30 45 50 3,358 1,200 808 589 350 28,929
The specied area for cultivation under Central Irrigation Department is 38,667 acres. Of this 36,655 acres had been cultivated in Maha 2010/11 i.e. 95% of the command area by 2010/2011 Maha cultivation. The specied area under provincial administration is 64,665 acres and of that 42,506 acres i.e. 65 percent,
had been cultivated in Maha 2010/11. The funds invested in rehabilitation of 9 tanks (6 in Vavuniya district and 3 in Mannar district) under the Ministry of Irrigation and Water Management is given in the table below:
District & Name of Irrigation Scheme Vavuniya 1. Pavatkulam 2. Muhanthankulam 3. Maruthamadu 4. Rajendrakulam 5. Iratperiyakulam 6. Kal-Aru Anicut Mannar 7. Giants Tank 8. Akathimurippu 9. Viyadikulam 24438 6231 1223 38667 4134 805 438 295 503 600
2009 18 -----170
2010 22 -50
2011 67 35 ------
2009 --------
2011 - - 30
2009
2010
2011
2010/11
13.2
15.9
69.5
15.3 30 28.5
150 150
188
72
102
29.2
Total commitment is Rs. 712.6mn. of which Rs. 411mn. has been spent by the end of 2010. Out of the balance funds of Rs. 301.6m. Rs. 224.04m. has been utilized during 2011. Presidential Task Force
151
(ii) Emergency Northern Rehabilitation Project (ENREP) Rs. 1386.74mn. (iii) Reawakening Project Rs. 368.6mn. (iv) NECORD Rs. 153.27mn. (v) PEACE Rs. 536.0mn. Total Rs. 4524.61mn.
Of the schemes, 13 have been completed in 2011 and work is in progress in 14 other schemes, which will be completed in 2012. There are 33 other schemes where tender procedure was completed in 2011 and they are programmed to be completed during 2012. The progress of work under each district is given below: Vavuniya District Work has been completed in 15 minor tanks. Work on 12 Major/Medium tanks will be continued in 2012. The commitment is Rs. 252.02mn. under CAREP. Mannar District The work has commenced in 04 tanks and will be completed in 2012, while one is still in planning stage. The total commitment is Rs. 380.0mn. under ENReP. Kilinochchi District 06 Major/Medium Tanks The work has been completed in 03 tanks in 2011, and the other 3 continues up to 2012.
152
GROWTH INITIATIVES
No. of Schemes Command Area (Acres) Cultivated Area in 2010/11 Maha (Acres) Allocation up to end 2011 Rs. mn. Expenditure up to end of 2011 Rs. mn.
Giants Tank
Muhathankulam
Akathimurippu
153
GROWTH INITIATIVES
Neeradampankulam
Kanagambigaikulam
Gnanimadam Regulator
155
GROWTH INITIATIVES
Mullaitivu Kilinochchi Jaffna Mannar Northern Province Sri Lanka % Contribution of Northern Province
Source: CCD
Production Trends
Prior to the conict in the Northern Province, sheries sub-sector played an important role in the regional economy, and also contributed substantially by way of providing employment, income and nutrition to the communities. In 1983, the contribution from the three districts (Mullaitivu, Jaffna & Mannar) of this province to the total marine sh production of the country was 40%, Jaffna contributing to 26% of production.
157
291,050 15,250 5
319,120 13,840 4
339,730 21,880 6
384,670 34,410 9
444,830 48,520 11
During the period of civil unrest, sheries activities in the districts have shown a rapid decline. In year 2000 sheries production stood at 3% of the national production. The sheries sector development strategy has stressed the need to increase the supply of sh to the nation to ensure adequate nutrition and has targeted a production of 685,690m.t. by 2013. It is expected to increase production from Northern Province (40% of the total national sh production). It is targeted to harvest 78,000m.t. from the coastal waters of this province by 2013.
Around 90,000 direct and indirect employment opportunities (shing, sh trade, sh processing, production of dry sh, supply of inputs etc.) are provided by the sheries sector. The total number of shermen in the province is 48,460. Around 47,000 of active shermen are engaged in marine sheries, including lagoon shing. In 2008 the total number of active shermen in the Northern Province was 34,870. 12,130 new employment opportunities have been created with the expansion of the sheries activities. This represents around 21% of the total shermen in the county. Around 2,170 shermen are actively engaged in inland and aquaculture.
158
GROWTH INITIATIVES
Achievements to date
Provision of shing implements Fishery Infrastructure development Capacity building of community organization Institutional strengthening Enhanced inland sheries and aquaculture Introduction of new technology Improvement of sh marketing system Providing alternative income generating opportunities Management of sheries and aquatic resources Community mobilization and empowerment of women GDP of Fisheries in Sri Lanka for 2011 indicates a 21% growth, up to the third quarter. Marine sheries sector demonstrated a growth rate of 22%. This is mainly due to the increase in production from coastal, offshore and deep sea sheries. Inland and Aquaculture sector shows a growth of 8% and the sh production from Northern region has contributed 10.5% to the National Production Total value of sh production in Sri Lanka up to 3rd quarter 2011 is estimated at Rs. 83,928mn. from both marine and inland sheries. Contribution of Northern Province is Rs. 8.725mn.
159
Total value of sh production - Northern Province Rs. mn. (rst three quarters)
2010 (Rs. mn.)
Marine Inland Total 8,565 (US$ 77.86mn.) 140 (US$ 1.27mn.) 8,705 (US$ 79.13mn.)
Growth % 2010/2011
37 157 39
2010
46,270 2,170 48,440
2011
45,460 3,047 48,507
The Marine shing eet consists mainly of small to medium size crafts, own and operated by private individuals. The total shing eet in 2010 consisted of
10308 vessels. In 2011 the eet strength has increased to 11,225. In addition 170 beach seines were reactivated.
160
GROWTH INITIATIVES
3400 6440mt.
Iranamadu Tank
161
Nos.
664 175
55.29 2.72
0.503 0.025
7631585 1 1.5
26.76 0.88 1.85 4.34 0.20 2.00 300.00 50.00 9.00 453.79
0.243 0.008 0.017 0.039 0.002 0.002 2.73 0.45 0.08 4.104
2 1 1 305
Stocking and transportation of sh ngerlings/Fresh Water Prawns (FWP) in perennial and seasonal tanks
District 2009 Fingerlings Mannar Kilinochchi Vavuniya Mullaitivu Total 35,000 300,000 310,000 539,150 743,400 340,000 300,000 2010 Freshwater Prawn 615,080 811,800 1,038,180 1,204,400 3,669,460 2011
164
GROWTH INITIATIVES
Nachchikuda Kilinochchi
165
Institutional Strengthening
In order to provide extension services to sher community, the Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources has completed constructing District Assistant Director ofces in Jaffna and Mannar. Construction of AD ofce in Mullaitivu has been completed with the assistance of the Restoration and Improvement of Fish Landing Centres. Stakeholders Participation in Management Project (I-FLCP, FAO) and while the AD ofce in Kilinochchi was completed with assistance of the Emergency North Rehabilitation Project (ENREP). The aquaculture development authority is constructing their regional ofce in Kilinochchi. A research Centre for NARA will be constructed in the near future at Pooneryn. The land for this has been selected and survey
166
is being done. In order to strengthen sheries extension and administration at village level, ofce buildings for sheries extension ofces are now being constructed. Approval had been given to recruit 25 Tamil speaking sheries inspectors for Northern and Eastern Provinces. Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources is taking action in this connection to recruit the ofcers. Net manufacturing section of Cey-Nor Foundation Ltd. was handed over to the North Sea Ltd. The boat yard of North Sea at Karainagar in Jaffna is presently not functioning. This boat yard will be reactivated and developed with foreign assistance by the Cey-Nor.
GROWTH INITIATIVES
Active shermen NP
District 2010 No. of Organizations 622 19 No. of Members 46,134 25 2011 No. of No. of Organizations Members 819 22 70,047 26
167
168
169
Insurance Scheme
No. of Members Northern Province Sri Lanka % Contribution 1,611 6,139 26.2
GROWTH INITIATIVES
trucks to facilitate purchase of sh from the North. Arrangements are being made by CFC to expand purchasing centres at landing sites, cold rooms, Ice plants and procurement of 6 freezer trucks. As a result of the increased sh production in the Northern Province the number of lorries transporting sh to Peliyagoda central sh market from the North has increased substantially. There were only 12 lorries coming to the market prior to 2009 from North and it has now increased to 26 lorries. CFC has opened a purchasing center at Point Pedro and the district ofce of the CFC was reopened in Jaffna. In addition, a block ice Plant was installed at Wellani in Jaffna. Plans have commenced to start another ice plant at Gurunagar with a private partnership. There is an increased demand for sh and shery products due to increased number of local tourist. To strengthen the marketing system CFC had purchased six (6) insulated trucks at a cost of Rs. 36mn.
Marketing Facilities
Containerized Ice Plants & cool room Condenser (1200 kw.) Freezer trucks Cost Rs. 75.3mn. (US$ 0.68mn.) -6 -1 -6
Cool Rooms
No. of Cold Rooms Production Capacity (mt.)
15 85
7 36 19.4
Proposed Projects
Constructions of sheries harbours Gurunagar in Jaffna Silawathura in Mannar Proposal has been forwarded to the National Planning Department for the approval, CANC and TEC appointed, Technical Evaluation is being carried out. Funding Agency EKF Danish Export Credit Agency and Danish Government Total Cost - Rs, 9,456.48mn. (EURO 59.7mn.) Improvement of Artisanal Fishery Fort at Point Pedro in Jaffna Funding Agency - JICA Grant AID Total Cost Rs. 1,425.6mn. (EURO 9.0mn.) Presidential Task Force
171
Projects Fish farming in 15 seasonal tanks Sea weed culture Value added post harvest Fish marketing promoting
The following new projects have been identied and initial action has been taken to implement in 2012.
Sea shing in trouble free Mannar Lagoon 172 From Conflict to Stability - Northern Province, Sri Lanka
173
Improvement of 11 sh landing sites and 01 Anchorages. Seeking for the donor assistance Under the project of Integrated Agriculture Livelihood recovery Growth in Northern Province, Fisheries Component in Mullaitivu District, Livelihood development and 04 landing site improvement (total cost Rs. Mn. 50.00) Provision of shery crafts with technology. (day boats, off shore and deep sea multi-day boats) BOC credit scheme
Provision of 175 OFRB boat units (engine, shing gear and hull) Total cost Rs. Mn. 90.00 with the assistance of Government of India Progress Boats are being constructed Promotion of non-traditional aquaculture and shing practices Common infrastructure facilities in shing villages
GROWTH INITIATIVES
Cattle Farm-Kalmadu
175
along with assistance of the Provincial administration in 2009. The rst project of the department was to round up the stray cattle with the help of the security forces, vaccinate them and return to their original owners.
In 2010 and the rst part of 2011, further assistance was given to rural producers of chicks to boost poultry numbers and restocking poultry in the province. This resulted in scaling up the income for poultry runners and provided alternative income to vulnerable households.
Interventions aiming at genetic upgrading of breeds, addressing the issues of low productivity of traditional breeds of cattle, goats, buffaloes and poultry have already been initiated. This approach is expected to provide improved breeds complemented by training and capacity building of livestock breeder co operatives, strengthening of milk collection network and provision of milk chilling centres. Wherever possible the involvement of the private sector and the NGOs was encouraged to strengthen the programme. In 2011, activities have been prioritized aiming at strengthening the institutional capacity of Government
176
livestock services providers (Breeder Co-operatives and Farmer organizations) and to complete the rounding up, vaccination and redistribution of stray cattle in the resettled areas in all 5 districts. The Government has allocated a considerable amount of funds for Livestock development in the North in two stages. The milk production came to be considered a priority sector to be developed to achieve about 50% self reliance by the year 2015. The poultry productions will have to be doubled in the next ve years to meet the demand of the consumers.
GROWTH INITIATIVES
Ampalkulam, Kilinochchi.
Rounded up stray cattle now helping livelihood Mr. S. Selvanathan, Kalmadunagar 178 From Conflict to Stability - Northern Province, Sri Lanka
179
% Available
180
GROWTH INITIATIVES
Training of youths on articial insemination Training of ex-combatants on livestock farming Immunization of livestock and poultry against contagious diseases Backyard poultry rearing programme Goat rearing programme Re-establishment of existing milk collection network Provision of motorcycles to implement the animal breeding programme Renovation of existing veterinary ofces Procurement of vehicles for transportation of cattle and poultry
In addition other government projects like Re awakening, PEACE, Samurdhi and Gama Neguma and Northern Provincial Council works with treasury Presidential Task Force
181
funds also have been invested in providing milk cows and stud bulls, goats and chicks to resettled livestock breeders and for the establishment of dairy and goat breeder farms in small scales. In addition, the Northern Provincial Council spent over Rs. 12mn. for the strengthening of AIN and Regional
Livestock Farm, construct Mash Store Room, DVS Ofce Quarters, Cooler to store eggs for the hatchery, repair GVS quarters, renovation of poultry sheds, establishment of 3 elevated goat sheds, to repair a VS Ofce and establish an Integrated Farm.
In addition to the above services provided, the Army also assisted in rounding up the stray cattle in all ve districts.
NGO/INGO FOSDO/OXFAM
Activity Provision of 3 wheelers for milk collection Livestock training Provision of dairy packages
Number provided 6
600 331
CARE/OfERR/SAH/RRO/UMCOR/UNDP/WVI/ZOA Provision of goat packages CARE/DRC/GTZ/LEEDS/OfERR/OXFAM/SAH/ SEVA-LANKA/RRO/UMCOR/UNDP/WVI/ZOA FOSDO/OXFAM Provision of poultry packages
1103 1432
54
182
GROWTH INITIATIVES
Specic Measures taken by the Central Bank of Sri Lanka for the development of the Northern Province Promotion of development credit in the Northern Province
Awakening North Credit Scheme: The Central Bank introduced a special credit scheme titled Awakening North by allocating Rs. 3,000 million in July 2009. The main purpose of this scheme is to assist internally displaced persons (IDPs) to commence/ re-start their livelihood and income generating activities
after resettlement. Under this scheme, borrowers are entitled to receive a loan of up to 90% of the estimated cost of the project and the maximum loan amount has been placed at Rs. 200,000. The phase II of the Awakening North credit scheme started since Jan. 2012.
183
Sector
Agriculture -
Eligible activities
Short term cultivation Agro-based industries Perennial crop cultivation Dairy farming, goat and poultry keeping Milk based industries Purchase of boats, shing gear etc. Promotion of other IGAs among shermen
Livestock Fisheries
Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs) Micro businesses that improve income levels and livelihood
Agriculture Sector
Since Agriculture is the principle livelihood/income generating activity of majority of the people in the Northern Province, PFIs were requested to extend agricultural credit into remote village areas under special credit lines implemented by Central Bank. In the 2nd half of the year 2009, the Central Bank in association with PFIs conducted a series of public meetings among the PFI staff and the village people to make them aware on terms and conditions applicable for agricultural lending and also to explain the advantages of borrowing funds for agriculture from formal nancial institutions etc. Further, the Central Bank has taken measures to relax some conditions and introduced a Credit Guarantee Scheme to mitigate the risk of PFIs and to encourage them to penetrate the rural agricultural market in the province. As a result, the Central Bank was able to increase the extent of land cultivated with bank nance and the number and volume of loans granted for short term cultivation as well. The progress of disbursement of short term cultivation loans is indicated below:
GROWTH INITIATIVES
Progress of credit disbursement for short term cultivation purposes by PFIs in the Northern Province 2009 June 2012
Cultivation Season
2008/09 Maha 2009 Yala 2009/10 Maha 2010 Yala 2010/11 Maha 2011 Yala 2011/12 Maha
In addition to granting short term cultivation loans, PFIs were requested to provide facilities for long term investment in agriculture, i.e. perennial crop cultivation such as grape and banana, construction of minor irrigation systems, purchasing of agricultural machinery and equipment and many other requirements that lead to increase in yield levels on a sustainable basis. For these purposes Central Bank has introduced a special credit line called VISKAM in which PFIs are provided with renance and other credit supplementary services
island-wide. Further, PFIs are permitted to grant credit facilities for the same purposes under Provincial Development Loan Scheme and Awakening North that was introduced exclusively for development in the Northern Province. It has been reported that PFIs have granted 14,328 term loans to the value of Rs.1,849 million for long term agricultural projects in the Northern province, under the above 3 programmes as at 31.12.2011.
Livestock Sector
At the time when Agro Livestock Development Loan (ALDL) scheme was introduced in 2009, Central Bank has conducted a series of awareness programmes among the farmers to educate them on best animal husbandry practices. Since farmers in Jaffna are familiar with the crop livestock integrated farming system, many practices were endorsed by them and requested to grant facilities for construction of cattle sheds, cultivation of animal fodder and purchase of equipment etc. Although loans for dairy projects are required to be granted under ALDL scheme, a large number of dairy loans have been granted by PFIs under Awakening North and Provincial Development Loan schemes, too. According to PFIs, a total number of 8,845 loans to the value of Rs. 851.0 million have been granted for livestock sector activities during June 2009 to June 2012.
Fisheries Sector
During the period 2009 to June 2012, PFIs were able to grant 3,230 loans to the value of Rs. 343.0 million (except Provincial Development Loan Scheme) for the sheries sector activities including purchasing boats and equipment, shing gear and self employment projects among the shing community. The PFIs have been requested to negotiate with Fisheries Co-operatives through Fisheries Department in the Mullaitivu and Mannar districts with a view to provide them with facilities for purchasing boats and shing gear and also to improve dry sh industry adopting modern technology. Loan facilities for such innovative activities are made available under special credit lines implemented by Central Bank and PFIs own credit programmes as well.
185
Enhancement of nancial literacy among low income people and Promotion of access to nance in the Northern Province
In order to make the people aware of the facilities available under formal nancial sector and to promote nancial inclusiveness among low income groups, the CBSL has been engaged in a nancial literacy programme since mid 2009. During 2011, Central Bank was able to conduct 173 such awareness programmes addressing 4,733 people in the Northern Province.
institutions. Many senior Central Bank ofcials regularly visit the province to observe the development activities undertaken.
GROWTH INITIATIVES
Under the Regional Development Strategy (RDS) of the Central Bank which is, particularly aimed at identifying small, medium and large scale projects in the conict affected provinces and ensuring availability of nancial facilities from the formal nancial sector to meet the funding requirements of such identied projects. Further, province-specic development credit schemes, namely, Awakening North, Rising East and
Probodini, a Poverty Alleviation and Micronance Project, were formulated to extend nancing to a large number of borrowers. Currently the Project Ofce in Jaffna involves in co-ordinating activities of different service providers engaged in the liquid milk production, sheries and cultivation of seasonal and perennial crops in the Northern Province.
Awareness Programmes and Mobile Services carried out in Jaffna, and Vanni Districts
The Employees Provident Fund (EPF) Department of the Central Bank conducted awareness programmes and mobile services in the Jaffna, Vanni Districts and in the East. These awareness programmes were mainly focused in educating the employers, and ofcials of the Labour Department on administrative functions of EPF, its operating system and the facilities and benets available for its members. In addition, the intention of the mobile service was to solve issues faced by the employers and members of the Fund.
Skills Development
The Central Bank provides skills development programmes to selected beneciaries under different credit lines with a view to improve quality of products and enhance production and productivity. Further, they will be educated on business promotion through maintaining standards to suit the demand in the market.
187
Specic Measures/Special Schemes offered by State Banks and Other Banks for the purpose of Livelihood Development/Housing
Expansion of branch network by State Banks and other Banks
Both state owned banks and private sector banks have expanded their banking operations in the affected areas by opening a large number of banking outlets. Altogether, 126 banking outlets and development centres have been opened in the Northern Province. In addition, approval has been granted for the registered nance companies and specialized leasing companies to open 35 branches in the Northern Province.
Disbursement of development credit under different credit lines implemented by CBSL in the Northern Province 2009December 2011 Credit line No. of beneciaries
70,319 15,508 10,839 734 812 288 9 283.3 101,342
Sarusara Short term Agriculture Awakening North Prabodini ALDL Provincial Development Saubagya VISKAM Awakening North Phase II Total
Disbursement of credit for different purposes in the Northern Province 2009June 2012 Purpose No. of loans granted
70,937 5,570 8,845 5,472 3,230 12,858 101,342
Agriculture - Short term Agriculture - Long term Livestock SMEs Fisheries Micro credit Total
188
GROWTH INITIATIVES
Expansion of Bank Branches, Financial Services and New initiatives to be undertaken by the Banking Sector in the Northern Province
Name of the Bank
1. Bank of Ceylon
New Initiatives
Bank participates in the poverty alleviation loan scheme which is known as PAMP (Poverty Alleviation Micro Project) to facilitate lower income earners in Northern Province A total of 863 beneciaries obtained this facility since 30.05.2011 and a total sum of Rs. 101.0mn. granted under this project Bank has established a branch network including 18 branches and 38 EOs in Northern Province as at 30.06.2012 Bank has developed a new product channel in collaboration with Cargills (Ceylon) PLC to promote products especially available in the Jaffna Peninsula Bank has commenced a Mobile Banking Service at Puthukudiyirippu in Mullaitivu District in December 2011 Priority is given to advancing SME sector. New emerging entrepreneurs form this post-war environment are screened by branch networks and so far Rs. 70.0mn. has been granted under this sector. Approximately Rs 28mn. worth of facilities were granted to 186 Ex-LTTE combatants for their income generation activity
The following services have been reinforced in the area during the period up to 30.06.2012: Mobilization of deposits Rs. 6,733.0mn. Expansion of credit card facilities 393 credit cards Inward remittance enhancement and delivery products Rs. 339.0mn. Mobile phone based services 626 customers Mobile banking services Rs. 24.42mn. collected through new accounts Investment services Financial literacy programmes 23 programmes were conducted where 1,365 people beneted
189
New Initiatives
Financial facilities for economic development Re-establishment of the economic activities in Northern Province such as large scale hotels, hospitals and other economic activities total loans of Rs. 75.5mn. Facilities for enterprises under Provincial Development Loan Scheme
Poverty and extreme poverty reduction Eradication of poverty through various social mobilization programmes Provision of non-nancial services for micro entrepreneurs Eradication of poverty and extreme poverty under PAMP- II loan scheme Provision of nancial facilities for various micro industries under micro nance loan programme conducted by the bank Establishment of micro nance villages in Northern and Eastern provinces Initiation of local resource based industries of those areas.
Bank service and bank operations PB has a network of 20 branches, 25 EOs and 170 student saving units in Northern Province 557 employees are serving in the areas out of which 398 employees are from the bank staff while the rest is out-sourced in 2011
Focus on SME sector Development of small and medium enterprises by providing nancial facilities to those entrepreneurs in tourism, commercial and industrial sectors Providing non-nancial services for SMEs Financing for special projects. e.g. Renewable energy development Providing nancial facilities for export oriented industries
Agriculture and agro-based industries Agriculture (Cultivation loans) and agro-based industries of large scale
190
GROWTH INITIATIVES
New Initiatives
Storing of paddy (Paddy age Loans) Farm mechanization
Co-operative sector Providing nancial facilities for Co-op Cities and mini Co-op city of those areas Providing credit card dealership for Co-op Cities of those areas and credit facilities to the MPCS and other co-operatives
Building construction Providing credit facilities for housing purposes and construction of commercial buildings Rs. 467.8mn. facilities have been granted The bank has a network of 19 branches and 2 EOs in Northern Province A branch in Vankali is scheduled to the opening in June 2012 Bank has planned to promote Smile Savings Accounts in the Northern Province with the collaboration of the local post ofces Intends to carry out awareness campaigns in the locality Initiatives have been taken to expedite the loan processing time, by empowering the branch managers of Jaffna to authorize housing and personal loans A branch in Jaffna was opened on 06.03.2012 A short term loan scheme is planned to be launched parallel to opening of the Jaffna Branch Bank has established 5 branches in Jaffna, Kilinochchi, Nelliady, Vavuniya and Chunnakam Envisages opening two more branches in Mannar and Mullaitivu A new branch is proposed to be opened in Jaffna. Intends to focus on SME (Co-operate) sector
191
New Initiatives
Bank established its Jaffna branch on 21st January 2011 Model village development programme has been launched on 21.01.2012 by adopting Vaddu (west) village, Jaffna with the plan to develop the village in various areas with total credit plan for Rs. 40.0mn. spread over the period 21.01.2012 to 21.01.2014 Six Self Help Groups have been formed and the groups are making progress in cultivating savings culture among ground member nance and agriculture sector Indian Bank is taking various initiatives and co-ordinating with various agencies in implementing housing projects in Sri Lanka in the industrial estate of Atchchuveli by the GoI.
3 branches and one extension ofce have been opened in Northern Province. The bank is waiting for the approval from its head ofce to introduce the new product of gold loan (pawning) in Northern Province Bank has opened two branches in Northern Province A new branch was opened in Vavuniya during the year 2011 Vardhana Garu Saru (VGS) product for Senior Citizens was launched Discussions are underway with a counter part who has a readymade product for Islamic Banking Internet banking was launched on 15 Nov. 2011 and is progressing successfully With the opening of Jaffna extension ofce, bank has managed to grant EPF backed loans to a value of Rs. 9.3mn. The Jaffna branch is actively pursuing promotion of Agriculture and Housing loans in the area An extension ofce was established in Vavuniya Issuing loan products to Small and Medium Enterprises Issuing EPF backed housing loans
192
GROWTH INITIATIVES
New Initiatives
Issuing agricultural loans Issuing vehicle loans specially to agricultural, tourism and sheries sectors Issuing immovable property backed housing loans (mortgage loans) After getting merged with National Development Trust Fund (Guarantee) Company Limited, bank is planning to carry out Micro Financing activities covering all island including the Northern Province Intends to focus on agricultural, industrial and sheries sectors Intends to provide services for SME sector to uplift their living standards 13 Branches have been opened in the Northern Province 2 Branches, (Mullaitivu and Chavakachcheri) have already been opened in Northern Province Commencement of Wishvamadu Mobile Unit 4 Branches and 4 EOs which have already been approved are scheduled to be opened in the Northern and Eastern provinces in the rst quarter of 2011 HSBC, Jaffna Branch was opened on 11.2.2010 Branch has so far managed to open 1,600 deposit accounts and to issue more than 870 Credit Cards. Further, new loans have been disbursed from the inception amounting to Rs. 470mn. under Agriculture, Housing, Industry, Services and Personal categories Financial literacy programmes No. of participants 2500, Brochures issued 5000 Safety deposit locker facilities started during April 2011 Organised promotional offers on credit cards twice (2011-2012) and issued EPOS machines to most of the merchants in Jaffna peninsula for same 75% of staff employed from Northern region Organised the just ever business forum in Jaffna for the customers in Nov. 2011 during the recent CEOs visit CSR projects on going
16. HSBC
193
New Initiatives
2 Branches were opened in Jaffna and Vavuniya 4223 deposit accounts were opened and 387 Credit Cards were issued 1415 Inward Remittances amounting to Rs. 71.2mn. Pawning advances of Rs. 177mn. and personal loans of Rs. 4.85mn. have been granted while the total advances granted is Rs. 354mn. Opened new accounts in the Jaffna International Trade Fair (JITF) held from 20.01.2012 to 22.01.2012 Conducted a 01 month interest free pawinng promotion from 15.12.2011 to 20.02.2012 One of the new products Nations Personal Investment Plan was a great success in the Nothern Province Bank has established a network of 17 branches, 3 EOs and 12 Student Saving Units Bank has so far granted credit facilities amounting to Rs. 13,956mn. for the Northern Province. Fishing villages in the Northern Province are empowered through Micro nance. Developed micro-nance and micro insurance for the entrepreneurs in the Northern Province Carried out nancial literacy and entrepreneur skills development programmes for general public in the Northern Province Recruited staff to several branches Carried out HR fair for students in Jaffna Several Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) projects namely, giving computers for schools and building schools libraries in the Northern Province Bank has a network of 12 branches and 2 EO and 3 off-site ATMs Northern Province 2 Branches operate in the Nothern Province All commercial banking assets and liability products are offered e.g. pawning, leasing, personal loan, SME loans, distributor nancing, TODs PODs, savings accounts three types (Normal savings/Savings Star and Vishmitha savings, Minor accounts, Current accounts, Fixed deposit, NRFC and RFC and other foreign currency accounts, usual local and foreign
19. Commercial Bank of Ceylon Ltd. 20. National Development Bank Ltd.
194
GROWTH INITIATIVES
New Initiatives
currency deposits, withdrawals and encashment approved by the Central Bank Guarantees and other Trade Products A special loan scheme by the name Devi Amne was introduced Promotional items offered for pawning transactions New initiative on CSR project as below: Library books donate to school, sewing machines distributed to refugees students were given nancial aid to follow DIMO course. HR CSR initiative 20 students from leading schools in Jaffna were given training opportunities about banking sector followed by on the job training for the top 10 performers in the programme
New Initiatives taken by Non-Bank Financial Institutions in the Northern Province Opening of new Branches (From May 2009 March 2012)
District
Jaffna Vavuniya Mannar Kilinochchi Mullaitivu Total
Total
27 16 3 5 1 52
Opening of Sampath Bank Branch at Manipay on 30th July 2010 and granting of cows to its customers for dairy development
Visit to Jana by Governor to attend the ceremonial opening of HSBC Branch on 11th February 2010
195
New Initiatives
LB Finance has created approximately 80 employment opportunities during the post war period The company has disbursed more than Rs. 750mn. in the form of leasing & hire purchases which are mainly related to agricultural equipment such as tractors, harvesting machines etc. Furthermore than 1000 three-wheelers have been disbursed to those who are engaged in the SME sector As CSR initiatives, the company has refurbished the Jaffna Children Park, tree plantation and donation of school equipment Mainly providing nancial facilities and leasing facilities on three wheelers. Company intends to grant accommodation for agriculture and livestock projects Deposits are undertaken in the form of xed deposits and saving deposits. Lending products are concentrated on pawning, leasing and hire purchases Operate 365 days. The company has disbursed more than Rs. 1.1 billion in the form of pawning Company plans to offer more valuable services such as micro nance and land mortgages Leasing facilities to farmers (Mahindra maximo) Loan facilities on boat machines and tractors Poverty alleviation through creating employment by providing loan facilities to farmers Term loans for working capital purposes Plans to grant micro nancial loans (e.g: equipment loans) All these companies have focused on leasing and hire purchase lending activities relating to the agriculture based machinery Further, all the branches are focusing on loans to SME sector and other soft loan facilities
Mercantile Credit of Sri Lanka Ltd. Central Finance Co. PLC, Prime Grameen Micro Finance, Bartleet Finance Ltd., Trade Finance & Investment Ltd., Alliance Finance Co. PLC. Central Investment and Finance Ltd.
196
GROWTH INITIATIVES
New Initiatives
Approximately 30 employment opportunies with 8 branches Disbursed Rs. 1.6 billion in the forum of leasing CSR Projects - Workshops on nancial literarcy - 383 participants - Donations to Karunaippaalan Charity Fund IT equipment Two branches have been opened in the Northern Province after May, 2009 One of the main products that the company offer is asset backed lending. Under that the company lends to purchase vehicles like Motor bicycles, three wheelers, four wheelers, light trucks and agricultural equipments Company grants group loans through the branches and extends pawning services facilities through the branches and Ransavi centres By providing such facilities, company makes a signicant contribution to improve the lives of the people in the Northern Two branches have been opened in Northern Province after May, 2009 10 staff members were recruited from these areas while providing decent job opportunities for surrounding people Company provides nancial services such as nance Leases, Hire Purchases and Loans through those branches Micro loans are being provided by the company for entrepreneurs in the SME sector New products are being developed focusing on the agriculture sector and poverty alleviation One branch has been opened in Jaffna through which Finance Lease and hire purchase facilities have been granted to promote the Micro-Finance and Agriculture Sector in the region Company grants scholarships to Jaffna school students as a part of its fullment of corporate social responsibility
197
New Initiatives
One branch has opened in Vavuniya and has been planned to improve the existing window ofces in to branches in order to provide value added service for the people living in the region Company has provided approximately Rs. 850mn. facilities through newly opened branches 16 employees have been recruited from the region to provide employment opportunities Providing investment opportunities by issuing debt instruments One branch has been opened in Northern Province after May, 2009 Company provides Loan and Hire Purchase facilities and pawning facility is to be introduced in future Two branches have been opened in the Northern & Eastern provinces after May, 2009 Company focus on providing nancial facilities for the development of Micro-Finance and Agricultural Sectors. Accordingly company provides Micro-Finance products, leases and loans facilitating the purchase of agricultural vehicles and equipments. Company has introduced repayment patterns under easy payment schemes which t customers earning patterns, such as per Kanna seasons One branch has opened in Northern Province after May, 2009 Lease and Hire Purchase facilities are being granted to the people living in the region All employees have been recruited from this area providing employment opportunities for 12 people 2 Branches
198
GROWTH INITIATIVES
Opening of Sampath Bank Branch at Manipay on 30th July 2010 and granting of cows to its customers for dairy development
Visit to Jana by Governor to attend the ceremonial opening of HSBC Branch on 11th February 2010
199
200
CONNECTIVITY
Rehabilitation of Road Network Rehabilitation of Railways Reconstruction of Major Bridges Rehabilitation of KKS Harbour Palali Airport Runway Rehabilitation Project (PARP) Kokavil Transmission Tower
Presidential Task Force
201
Sangupiddi Bridge 202 From Conflict to Stability - Northern Province, Sri Lanka
CONNECTIVITY
Mannar District
205
CONNECTIVITY
Northern Road Rehabilitation Project (under assistance provided by the Peoples Republic of China)
The Exim Bank of China provided US $ 498.6 million for the improvement and rehabilitation of roads identied under the Northern Road Rehabilitation Project. The objective of the project is to improve the condition of the major road links in the Northern Province. The rehabilitation of the strategic road links throughout the region will help provide an enabling environment to promote economic growth and community development. Under this project seven civil works contracts were awarded and work in six of these contracts commenced in 2011 and are currently ongoing. The work in the project includes the improvement and rehabilitation of 512km. of road in the Northern Province. The nancial progress of the project up to October 2011 is Rs. 14,678 million. All roads are to be rehabilitated to 2 lane width. Five roads are to be surfaced with asphalt concrete and the other two roads will be rehabilitated with a Double Bituminous Surface Treatment (DBST). A summary of the roads to be rehabilitated contract wise is given below: Description of Work Rehabilitation of Kandy - Jaffna Road (122-140km., 185-320km.) Rehabilitation of Navatkuli Kerativu - Mannar Road Rehabilitation of Puttalam - Marichchikade - Mannar Road Rehabilitation of Jaffna - Point Pedro Road Puttur - Meesalai Road Jaffna - Kankesanthurai Road Jaffna - Palali Road Rehabilitation of Mullaitivu - Kokilai - Pulmoddai Road Rehabilitation of Oddusudan - Nedunkerny Road Rehabilitation of Mullaitivu - Puliyankulam Road Length 153km. 67km. 113km. 34.2km. 13.7km. 18.9km. 17.3km. 42.4km. 10.8km. 41.8km.
road connectivity thus helping to restore access to basic social needs, saving in travel time and vehicle operating costs as well as contributing to regional balance in socially inclusive economic growth. In the National Highways component ten Class A and Class B National Highways of total length 164.9km. are to be rehabilitated to a two lane width with an asphalt concrete surfacing out of which 107.92km. are in the Description of Work
Northern Province. Also badly damaged bridges will be reconstructed and other bridges will be widened. The entire project consists of 10 packages and out of which 7 packages amounting Rs.7,247.31mn. for civil works are in the Northern Province. The civil works commenced in June 2011 and the work is scheduled to be completed between August 2012 and June 2013.
Rehabilitation of road from Navatkuli to Keraitivu Jetty Rehabilitation of road from Manipay to Kaithady Rehabilitation of road from Vallai to Araly Point Rehabilitation of Mankulam - Mulaitivu Road
CONNECTIVITY
209
205 km. on Kandy Jaffna road at a cost of Rs. 14.5 million and the internal roads at the security forces headquarters at Vavuniya at a cost of Rs. 20 million were completed in 2010.
Improvements to Vavuniya Parayanakulam Road, rectication and sand sealing of Jaffna - Manipay Karainagar Road and rehabilitation of Jaffna - Pannai - Kayts Road are in progress in 2011. The nancial progress of these works up to August 2011 is Rs. 234 million.
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CONNECTIVITY
The damage to physical infrastructure during the conict has been severe and extensive. In particular, the road network lies in a state of total disrepair due to prolonged negligence and under investment. People in this region did not have access to markets or basic social services as before and the transport of goods dramatically slowed. Mobility between the Province and the countrys Southern Region was affected due to the substantial travel time required because of the poor condition of the linking national arterial roads. This has considerably hindered the spread of economic activities and development. In order to expedite the resettlement programme and to improve interconnectivity and access to markets, educational institutions, Uthuru Wasanthaya Programme provided considerable investment to improve provincial roads from 2009 - 2011.
iii.
ii.
iii.
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Name of the
Funded by
Project Areas
Commencement
Completion
Project
NRCP CARE GOSL & ADB loan GOSL & ADB loan Vavuniya, Mannar Jaffna, Kilinochchi, Mullaitivu, Vavuniya, Mannar Jaffna
Date
Jun-2015 Dec-2013
PRP Total
20.00 68.51
2,200.1 7,536.2
Mar-2010
Mar-2015
The main outcomes of the Projects are to re-establish connectivity by repairing damaged Municipal & Urban Council and Provincial roads in the Province. This will promote marketing and trade in remote areas and also reduce travel
time, vehicle operating cost and increase private sector investment in the region. Total sum of Rs. 7,535mn. was allocated to rehabilitate 375km. roads in the resettled area under the Projects.
Mannar District 1 Thalimannar Village Road 2 Pesalai Vauadipanai Road 3 Olaithoduvai Road 4 Karisal Road 5 Thoddaveli Malupadi Road 6 Periyamurippu Road 7 Murungan Nanaddan Road 8 Uyilankulam Manadkulam Nanaddan Road 9 Mannar Thaivapadu Tharanpuram Road 10 South Bar Road 11 Pallimunai Beach Road 12 Esplanade Road 13 Approach Road to Public Building 14 Puthukamam Road 15 Vankalai Sirunavatkulam Road Total
4 2 5 0.8 3.65 26.5 1.8 0.95 1.35 1.5 0.95 0.54 2.3 2.05 2.68 56.07
CONNECTIVITY
No.
Road Name
Length (km.)
Vavuniya District 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Pandichurichchan Andiyapulleyankulam Road Intperiyakulam Puthoor Road Cheddikulam Thudarikulam Road Madhukandal Iretperiyakulam Road Mahayankulam Pallemadu Road Puthoor Palamodai Road Mankulam Maruthamadhu Mingettigama Road Total 9.6 6 10.4 15.2 13.6 24 3.2 82.0
Total investment in this project is Rs. 1388.7mn. Existing Condition of Roads taken under Provincial Roads Project
Murunkan Nanattan Road Before After
213
Improvement to Medawachchiya - Mannar - alaimannar Road [A014] (77.00 80.00 & 113.8 115.1km.)
Length (km.) 3.22 5.80 4.70 1.80 3.88 6.09 3.83 3.33 6.98 3.74 7.25 3.22 3.22 4.83 3.22 2.90 6.25 74.26
CONNECTIVITY
Mullaitivu District
Road Name Kokavil Thunukkai Road Kokavil Thnukkai Road Thunukkai Thenniyakulam Road Thunukkai Thenniyakulam Road Total investment in this project is Rs. 503.5mn. Length (km.) 10.0 12.0 02.5 02.5
Vavuniya District
Road Name Rambaikulam Pulamoddai Road Palamoddai Moondumurippu Road Total investment in this project is Rs. 272.29mn. Length (Km.) 09.6 05.0
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Mannar District
Road Name Uyilankulam Atkaattiveli Road Uyilankulam Atkaattiveli Road Pallamadhu Alkadively Road Pallamadhu Alkadively Road Manthai Parappukadanthan Road Total investment in this project is Rs. 463.1mn. Length (Km.) 03.00 02.94 03.00 03.58 11.86
216
CONNECTIVITY
Rehabilitation of Railways
From the time the Ceylon Government Railway established the northern line Kankesanturai to Colombo, train travel had been the main mode of transport for people from the Jaffna Peninsula, Kilinochchi, Vavuniyac. to Colombo and the rest of the country. The frequency of trains plying between Kilinochchi/Kankesanturai increased over the years as the transportation of goods and passengers increased with population increases and consequent growth in economic activities. For most of those people working in Government Service, Boards and Corporations and the private sector, the rail road served as the regular means of transport from home to their place of work (hundreds of miles away about once a week or at least once a month.) The Medawachchiya - Talaimannar line was the link between India and Sri Lanka with the ferry service. This line too served the people living in that area for their regular travelling between the two locations. Package No. 1. 2. 3. 4. Road Name Kankesanthurai to Pallai Omanthai to Pallai a) Medawachchiya to Madhu b) Madhu to Talaimannar Signalling & Telcom System Total Travel between home and work place and to attend to other social, economic and cultural activities for hundreds of miles regularly using public transport facilities brought about understanding and friendship among all ethnicities. During the protracted conict, considerable damage was caused to the railway network. It is purely to cut this link that existed well with Sinhalese and the Tamils, that the separatists ventured to demolish the rail roads. This was aimed at creating doubts in the minds of people for three decades or perhaps more in order to develop an atmosphere to meet the separatist goals. The Government of Sri Lanka invited the Government of India to undertake the task of rehabilitation of Northern Railways soon after the Humanitarian Operation. The current exercise of rehabilitation of the Northern Sri Lanka line will pave the way for adoption of new technology. The cost of the rail road together with the signalling and telecommunications component will be Rs. 71,764mn. (US $ 652.4mn). The project consists of 5 contracts as shown in the Table below: Length (km.) 56 90 43 63 252
217
Foundation work for Crusher completed. Crusher is likely to be erected and operational by December 2011 Design of Bridges to be nalized by January 2012 Efforts are being made to get Stone Quarry on lease from Government Proposal submitted for Quarry on Forest Land at Kacchipakklu near Omanthai Boulder supply started from Air Force Quarry. 7000 Cu.m. already supplied The various activities are affected due to monsoon season in the region
Crusher Installation
Boulder Stock
218
CONNECTIVITY
Turng
220
Survey in progress
222
CONNECTIVITY
Pallai to Kankesanthurai
e current status of the project is given below: Contract Agreement has been signed on 18th November 2011 by General Manager, Sri Lanka Railway and Managing Director IRCON in presence of Honourable Minister of Transport Govt. of Sri Lanka, Member (Engineering) Railway Boards Govt. of India and Indian High Commissioner to Sri Lanka. The section is heavily encroached. 175 Nos. of encroachments are identied during joint survey. Efforts are being made for timely removal. Survey work tender invited
Manpower Deployment
No.
1 2 3 4 Total
Description
Mobilized by IRCOM from India Deployed by IRCON from Sri Lanka Mobilized by Indian Sub Agencies Mobilized by Local Sub Agencies
Nos. of Manpower
199 361 50 2100 2710
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CONNECTIVITY
People crossing the lagoon before construction of the bridge Presidential Task Force
227
access to the people in the area, and all others who will visit Mannar for multitude of tasks and will also facilitate tourism. The Sri Lanka Army renovated the bridge at a cost of Rs. 2.46bn. (US$ 22.36mn.). The construction of the bridge which commenced 03 years ago was funded by the Government of Japan through the Japan International Co-operation Agency (JICA) which stands as another monument to the long existing friendship between the two Nations. The new bridge spanning 157.1 meters in length and 10.4 meters in width, has been constructed with two lanes of carriageway and sidewalks on the
CONNECTIVITY
e damaged Mannar bridge Medawachchiya Mannar Thalaimannar (A 14) Road. The causeway has been extended up to 3.14 km. in length and 11.0 meters width. The Road Development Authority (RDA) under the supervision of the Highways and Road Development Ministry has implemented the project and around 50,000 people living in Mannar Island are directly benetted by this Project. It is also expected to improve the market approachability via facilitating transportation at a lower cost. The shing community will benet by this project due to improvements in market accessibility and facilitation of smooth transportation. The easy and fast access to the administrative ofces in Mannar town will assist effective management of the affairs of the district. The tourism industry will also be encouraged to facilitate visits to Mannar. Overall, the living standards of the public in the area is being uplifted through improving economic development and the tourist industry in the Country.
e newly constructed bridge & the causeway The foundation stone for the construction of the new bridge was laid in November 2007. The construction was carried out uninterrupted despite LTTE threats in 2008 and 2009. HE the President Mahinda Rajapaksa ceremonially opened the Mannar Bridge to the Public on 18th March 2011.
Construction of substructure for Aruvi Aru Bridge in Arippu on Thallady - Arippu Road
The LTTE blasted the temporary bridge at Arippu to prevent the security forces from entering the area during military operations in 1990 1991. This area was strategically important to the LTTE for smuggling arms and ammunition across the lagoon. Arippu was the ancient seaport of Sri Lanka during the time of the Anuradhapura Kingdom. The stone bridge (gal palama) constructed across the Malwathu Oya which leaves the ancient Anuradhapura city boundary north-westwards bears testimony to a road linkage of Anuradhapura with the Arippu seaport in the northwestern coast of the island, very close to a point where the Malwathu Oya enters the Gulf of Mannar. This was the ancient gateway of the Island to the Indian subcontinent as well as to the Arabian Sea. Before the construction of this bridge, people in the area used a boat service to cross the river. During rainy season the boat service was limited for day time services and the general public in the area were victims of the limitations in transportation particularly when they had to face emergencies. In this situation the public had to use the route of Chelawathurai Murukkan Mannar route which is longer route. The objective of this project was to provide easy, fast and safe access to the Public in the area, providing connectivity to DS divisions of Musali and Nanattan, beneting approximately 46,000 people.
CONNECTIVITY
Under the Uthuru Vasanthaya Development drive the construction work of this project was accelerated. This was the longest bridge in the liberated areas of Vanni costing Rs. 151.42mn. (US$ 1.3765mn.) with 259 meters in length and 7.35 meters in width. The construction of the bridge was completed on 08th December 2010 under the UK Steel Bridge Project. With the resettlement of the displaced personnel the bridge will provide easy accesses to Vavuniya, Mannar, Kilinochchi, Mullaitivu and Jaffna creating opportunities for accelerated economic and development activity in the Northern Province. This bridge has facilitated resettlement work, sheries and farming activities, uplifting the living standards of the shermen and farmers. It will speed up both economic and social development and encourage tourism activities in Musali and Nanattan in Mannar District.
School Children on their way to School without fear on the newly built Mannar Bridge destroyed by the LTTE
Initially, Japanese and Danish Governments came up with proposals for rehabilitation of the KKS Harbour in 2003 2004, offering assistance but those never materialized. In the meantime, the SLPA carried out repairs to the most critically damaged parts of the breakwater, utilizing its own funds. In September 2004 funds were provided by the Dutch Government to a Dutch consortium to conduct feasibility studies of the port with the approval of the SLPA. The harbour
236
was damaged during the tsunami in 2004 December including its breakwaters. A few vessels also sank off the KKS coast in close proximity. The KKS harbour is considered strategically important to India. The Indian Government came with a proposal to fund the development of KKS harbour in order to make possible easy transportation of goods and people between the islands and nearby Tamil Nadu ports and agreed to assist Sri Lanka in the year 2010.
CONNECTIVITY
Damage caused to the pier by the Tsunami - 2004 A Memorandum of Understanding and an Agreement to formalize this commitment was signed on 21st July 2011, between India and Sri Lanka. The KKS Harbour Project will be aided by a mix of grant funding and concessional credit from the Government of India. The Indian Government has already committed approximately $20 million (Sri Lanka Rupees 2.2 Billion) for three initial elements, consisting of the preliminary hydrographic survey, geo-technical investigations and DPR preparation and wreck removal and salvage. An agreement was signed by the Indian Minister of External Affairs with Rites Company Limited for consultancy services on the preparation of detailed project report and to conduct a geo-technical investigation for KKS, the cost being Rs. 70mn., which will be met by the Government of India. The Indian vessel INS Nirupak did an initial hydrographic survey from 29th June 2002 to July 2010, and the report was focused on rehabilitation of existing breakwater and pier and the construction of one new pier as well as the provision of auxiliary facilities and navigational aids. The Government of India had expressed its willingness to fund rehabilitation of KKS harbour in two phases and work has already begun. Within the next few months, removal of wreckages inside the harbour and around will begin and dredging will continue. The development of the harbour is considered important for the economic and social development of the northern peninsula and will strengthen the existing bilateral relationship with India. A team of Indian experts arrived in KKS to carry out detailed study with the Sri Lanka Navy regarding the removal of wreckages, dredging the entire harbour and renovation of existing damaged piers. On 26th July 2011, Hon. Basil Rajapaksa, Minister Economic Development & Infrastructure attended the inaugural ceremony conducted at the KKS pier accompanied by the High Commissioner of India on the commencement of initial work of wreck removal and dredging. The removal of the wreckages has been completed during mid January 2012 and dredging will be completed within 6 to 8 months. However, dredging has not yet commenced. The Sri Lanka Navy will assist the SLPA to complete this task. The Indian Government has initially extended a grant for the commencement of this project. The survey plan has been completed and it is intended to have a depth of 7 to 8 meters of water inside the harbour. Once the pier construction is completed vessels carrying containers could be berthed alongside pier, provided the unloading facilities are provided at the pier.
237
The contract was terminated in April 2011 and extra payment is yet to be made to the contractor. The Stage I was completed on 31st March 2011. With the completion of the air strip, domestic and commercial air trafc to Jaffna could be increased. (Jaffna will be added to the air route and the increase of air travel will enhance transportation of the Public, the Armed Forces,
Tourists and various service providers.) On completion of the project not only the heavy air craft of the Sri Lanka Air Force, but also small air crafts belonging to Sri Lankan airlines could use the strip as well. There is no decision for the commencement of the Stage II and III and it will be decided by the Ministry of Defence.
238
CONNECTIVITY
Laying of Foundation stone The Kokavil Tower, the largest and tthe tallest transmission tower in Sri Lanka, is 170 meters in height. The cost of construction was at SL Rs. 330mn (US$ 3mn). The experts have identied this tower as the tallest self-standing transmission tower in South Asia. The space of this tower is to be utilized for installing telecommunication, television, radio and other Government Institutional facilities. It is also expected that the Tower will provide adequate space and facilities for the use of the state and private telecommunication services. One of the signicant objectives of Mahindana Chintanaya is to promote Sri Lanka as a Regional Hub for Asian Telecommunication Networks. The construction of the Kokavil Multi-functional Transmission Tower is an important mile-stone on the road to achieving this goal. The availability of tall communication towers at strategic locations is vital to facilitate provision or expansion of TV transmission, radio broadcasting
239
and other communication services. It is a high priority of the Government to provide the public with access to media of their choice. To assist in the establishment of infrastructure for rolling out
programmes of telecommunication service providers (Telcos) is a priority item in the development agenda of Telecommunications Regulatory Commission of Sri Lanka (TRCSL).
241
242
Humanitarian Demining
District
Jaffna Kilinochchi Mullaitivu Vavuniya Mannar Total
Amount Paid (Rs. mn.) 550.00 159.23 67.68 52.28 29.60 859.00
245
Housing
District Jaffna Kilinochchi Mullaitivu Vavuniya Mannar Total 2009 Completed 2,142 498 220 2,860 2010 Completed 962 93 123 466 1,644 2010 Progress 5,025 4,802 2,184 186 12,197
Housing - Mannar
Housing - Mullaitivu
Housing - Vavuniya
Housing - Jana
246
Major Irrigation
Name of the Tank District TEC (Rs. mn.) Physical Progress
Mamaduwa Nampankulam Akathimurripu Thanamaruthamadu Thenniyankulam Akkarayankulam Valukkaiaru Pavatkulam Giants Tank Total
Major Tanks
Valukkaiaru
Irrigable Area: 1,506 ha Beneficiaries : 15,000 Families
Akkarayankulam
Irrigable Area: 1358 ha Beneficiaries : 1139 Families
Thenniyankulam
Irrigable Area: 344 ha Beneficiaries : 340 Families
Nampankulam
Irrigable Area: 104 ha Beneficiaries : 49 Families
Thadchchnamaruthamadu
Irrigable Area: 215 ha Beneficiaries : 175 Families
Mamaduwa
Irrigable Area: 267 ha Beneficiaries : 285 Families
Akathimurippu
Irrigable Area:2500 ha Beneficiaries : 1700 Families
Pavatkulam
Irrigable Area: 1,673 ha Beneficiaries : 3,300 Families
Giants Tank
Irrigable Area: 9,890 ha Beneficiaries : 6,500 Families
247
Total Estimated Cost (Rs. mn.) 207.606 3,747.772 2,105.577 721.310 523.112 7,305.377
249
Roads
District Jaffna Kilinochchi Mullaitivu Vavuniya Mannar Total Target (in km.) 421.52 637.755 576.134 701.745 368.825 2,705.979 Completed (in km.) 320.54 573.19 408.474 556.215 268.020 2,126.439
Mukallapedu Road-Mullaitivu
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North East Local Services Improvement Project (NELSIP) Total Allocation in 2011 - Rs. 1,088mn. New Projects
Sector Road Water Supply Market Drainage Total 1 No. 1.60 236.30 18.17 23.66 Jaffna Phy. Allocation Target (Rs. mn.) 42.34km. 234.70 2 Nos. 2 Nos. 2.70 15.47 Mannar Phy. Allocation Target (Rs. mn.) Vavuniya Phy. Allocation Target (Rs. mn.) 3.5km. 23.66
251
252
253
Activities by The United Nations for Relief and Humanitarian Assistance to The Northern Province, Sri Lanka (2009 2012)
Rehabilitation and Reconstruction of the Northern Province: UN Response
Since May 2009, the United Nations (UN) has supported the humanitarian and recovery efforts led by the Government of Sri Lanka to meet the basic requirements of the displaced people in the Northern Province. With the resettlement process picking up, the UN, well supported by donors in collaboration with all partners and support of the Government efforts, mobilized resources and provided assistance aimed at supporting re-establishment of services and livelihood across Northern Province. Between 2009 2012 (January to June), the UN systems in Sri Lanka with donor assistance has provided US$ 437,942,702 to the Northern Province, allocated to sectoral priorities during this period. The following report summarizes the contribution of the UN System in Sri Lanka toward achievements on the reconstruction of the Northern Province. It includes activities of FAO, ILO, IOM, OCHA, UNDP, UNFPA, UN-HABITAT, UNHCR, UNICEF, UNOPS, WFP and WHO.
2.
2011 1. Yala 2011 support: Provided seeds to support the cultivation of over 2,000 acres of paddy and 9,700 acres of OFC, and distributed over 25,000 vegetable seed kits, fruit seedlings and tools. Distributed 4,400 water pumps to farmers on a 50% subsidized basis through a revolving fund managed by the Provincial Department of Agriculture. Additionally, FAO distributed 7,000 tarpaulins and 200 storage units to support farmers in storing their harvests. Maha 2011/12 support: FAO provided OFC seeds to cultivate over 17,000 acres of highland, targeting ood-affected farmers, who lost their
3.
2.
254
5.
4.
2010 1. Yala 2010 support: FAO provided paddy, vegetable and other food crop seeds, as well as tools, to 18,000 farming households in Kilinochchi, Mullaitivu, Mannar and Vavuniya Districts. FAO also gave 1,000 water pumps and 1,200 knapsack sprayers, particularly to vulnerable farmers, to improve their access to water. Furthermore, FAO distributed poultry packages to nearly 3,500 vulnerable families, most led by women, to help improve their income. Transport support to government departments at district level: FAO provided 20 motorbikes to help staff from the Departments of Agriculture, Animal Production and Health, Fisheries and other line departments travel to resettled communities to support families with restoring their livelihoods. Stray cattle roundup: FAO supported the Governments efforts to round up stray cattle in Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu Districts. FAO established 10 paddocks in Kilinochchi District and eight paddocks in Mullaitivu District, rounding up over 11,000 animals. All the animals were medically assessed, treated, tagged and handed to over 1,300 owners or families in need under the supervision of Government authorities. FAO provided essential veterinary drugs and instruments (worth over US$ 40,000) to the
2009 1. Agriculture rehabilitation planning: In September 2009, at the Governments request and in close collaboration with the relevant line ministries, departments, provincial authorities and other partners, FAO conducted a comprehensive assessment of how to rehabilitate the Agriculture sector in the Northern Province. The result was a detailed plan of immediate and long-term development needs in the crop production, livestock, irrigation and sheries sectors. Maha 2009/10 support: As increasing numbers of IDPs began to return to their districts of origin in late 2009, the Government requested FAO to support as many farm-based families as possible to cultivate during the Maha 2009/10 agricultural season. FAO worked in partnership with the Department of Agriculture (DoA) and the Northern Provincial Council to provide timely agricultural assistance to 14,044 resettled families in Kilinochchi, Mullaitivu, Jaffna, Vavuniya and Mannar Districts. Rice farmers received seed paddy from FAO and fertilizer subsidized by the Government. Families cultivating other food crops received seeds from the Government, while FAO provided fertilizer. FAO also donated 130 knapsack sprayers to the most vulnerable families.
2.
2.
3.
255
2.
3.
2.
Vocational skills: In partnership with the Tertiary and Vocational Education Commission of Sri Lanka, ILO is developing a Vocational Education and Training Plan for the Northern Province.
2.
3.
4.
5.
256
Preventative care and health promotion Supported Ministry of Health in responding to dengue outbreaks in Menik Farm, Vavuniya and Jaffna Districts. Provided assistance during a mumps outbreak in Menik Farm through a public health campaign. -
Rehabilitative Care and Mental Health Built a temporary rehabilitation centre in Menik Farm for consultation for those with war injuries and disabilities. Co-funded three Psychosocial Centres in Kilinochchi and Vavuniya Districts, for mostly child clients. Livelihoods and early recovery Livelihood support for families and Women Rural Development Societies: In 2009 and 2010. Community Infrastructure: Since 2010, IOM has supported the sheries, dairy and agriculture sectors through construction and reconstruction of key infrastructures, strengthening community
6. 7.
8.
2.
257
3.
Disaster preparedness and response: Through the Ministry of Disaster Management, OCHA is supporting national disaster preparedness planning and response mechanisms through capacity-building, technical support and training to effectively address vulnerabilities resulting from the cyclic oods, landslides and other natural disasters that the country regularly experiences. OCHA will continue to support
the Ministry of Disaster Management & the Disaster Management Centre to operationalize a prioritized workplan based on recommendations by the 2011 UN Disaster Assessment and Co ordination mission to strengthen national disaster preparedness and response mechanisms, through customized trainings and other support.
Mine Action May 2009 - June 2012 1. Capacity-building Supported the National Steering Committee on Mine Action (NSCMA) to provide sectoral progress updates and contributed to the Special Meeting on Demining held at the Presidential Secretariat. Provided technical and nancial support to the Sri Lanka National Mine Action Centre (NMAC). Trained Ministry of Nation Building personnel and the Vavuniya Engineering Brigade of the Sri Lanka Army on the Information Management System for Mine Action (IMSMA). Supported the eld operations Operated two Regional Mine Action Ofces (RMAOs) in the Jaffna and Vavuniya Districts and a sub-ofce in the Mannar District
2.
2. -
2012 (January - June) 1. Support to eld operations Reopened and supporting the Batticaloa RMAO. The RMAOs issued and provided quality
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Civil Administration and National Protection Mechanisms May 2009 - May 2011 1. Provision of essential documentation: UNDP in partnership with the Ministry of National Languages and Social Integration, supported authorities (Registrar General and Registrar of Persons) at Menik Farm in responding to requests for essential documentation. Court houses: Supported the refurbishment of court houses in Kayts, Mallakam, Chavakachcheri and Delft. Access to legal aid, documentation and vocational training. Strengthening the capacity of District and Divisional Secretariats to monitor recovery Strengthening the capacity of local organizations to deliver extension services in partnership with local authorities
2010 1. Capacity - building Provided technical and nancial support to the NMAC (under the Ministry of Economic Development). Cabinet approved the establishment of the NMAC in July 2010. The National Strategy for Mine Action in Sri Lanka was drafted following a consultative process and endorsed by stakeholders at the District and National levels. 17 Sri Lanka National Mine Action standards were also drafted following a consultative process and endorsed. Three District annual clearance plans produced for Mullaitivu, Vavuniya and Mannar Districts based on the National Strategy priorities. In addition to on the job and local trainings, supported seven RMAO and NMAC staff to attend international mine action training programmes in Kosovo, USA and Jordan. Provided technical and nancial support to the NMAC.
2.
3. 4. 5.
Energy, Environment and Disaster Risk Management 1. 2. 3. Support to District Planning Units in Northern Province on database management Training on disaster resilient building construction techniques Improving facilities available in community welfare centres
2.
Provided 4,900 maternity kits to pregnant women in Menik Farm, Vavuniya, Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu Districts. Provision of medical equipment for RH services and Obstetric Care to Northern Province health institutions. Support of Health sector Human Resources.
3.
4.
3.
2010 Partnership developed with AusAID to begin major repairs and full reconstruction of 3,785 houses in Kilinochchi, Mullaitivu and Vavuniya Districts. By December 2010, UN-HABITAT had commenced major repairs (including new roofs) on 1,900 houses, of which 745 had been completed. Furthermore, work had started on 1,046 new houses, of which 98 had been completed.
2011 1. Developed a partnership with European Union (EU), Government of Australia (AusAID) and Swiss Agency for Development and Co-operation (SDC) to reconstruct 4,650 houses in Kilinochchi, Mannar, Mullaitivu and Vavuniya Districts.
2009 UN-HABITAT began construction on 84 houses, toilets and wells in Jaffna District.
Table 3: Distribution of shelter grants since October 2009 (as at 31 May 2012) 2009 Total 26,545 2010 49,550 2011 8,970 2012 222 Grand Total 86,511
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2009 1. At the height of the crisis, in May 2009, UNHCR airlifted 5,000 tents to Sri Lanka to supplement its emergency shelter response for IDPs. In total, some 16,700 tents and emergency shelter kits were constructed. Through UNDP Mine Action, provided the Government with ve mini-ails at a cost of US$ 1.3 million to facilitate humanitarian demining in the Northern Province. Carried out more than 3,100 legal referrals to Government legal support (about 6,300 documentation cases were assisted by the Government and almost 3,700 documents issued by the Government with UNHCRs assistance).
2.
2.
3.
3.
2010 1. Co-ordinated the decommissioning of 11 IDP sites established after 2008 by end 2010.
3. -
maintain personal hygiene, adopt healthy hygiene practices, maintain a clean environment and reduce the risk of communicable disease outbreaks during displacement and during the early stages of resettlement. 4. Safe water supply and sanitation facilities in schools: Constructed child-friendly WASH facilities in 152 schools.
5. -
Water supply to health centres: Helped to install water and sanitation facilities in 57 health centres.
Health
1. Rehabilitation of health facilities:
Table 4: Health facilities where work has been completed or is in progress District
Jaffna
Health facilities
12 Gramodhaya Health Centres (GHCs) in Kayts Medical Ofcer of Health (MOH) division Comprehensive Emergency Obstetric Care facilities in Kilinochchi District General Hospital MoH ofce Construction and equipping of three GHCs at Poonakary, Karachchi, Ramanthapuram One postnatal ward and four GHCs in Chilavathurai; Adampan MOH ofce and paediatric ward; a postnatal ward in Periyapandivirichan; and a special care baby unit in Mannar District General Hospital A Comprehensive Emergency Obstetric and Neonatal care facility, including obstetric theatre, labour room, antenatal and postnatal wards, and a Maternal and Paediatric ward complex at the Mullaitivu District General Hospital Paediatric ward in Mallavi Hospital and MOH ofce in Poonakary 13 GHCs Maternity ward and labor room at General Hospital Expansion of Paediatric ward and establishment of Therapeutic Feeding Centre at General Hospital Establishment of Base Hospital Cheddikulam Construction and refurbishment of four GHCs
Kilinochchi
Mannar
Mullaitivu
Vavuniya
2. 3. -
Re-establishment of immunization services: Human resources and capacity-building: Supported the Ministry of Health to address the acute shortage of human resources by providing 100 Rural Health Assistant (RHAs) in areas
with vacant positions of Public Health Midwives (PHMs) in Jaffna, Kilinochchi, Mullaitivu and Mannar Districts. Supported capacity-building and mobility for these RHAs.
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Nutrition
Services under the Programme (NRP): 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Nutrition Rehabilitation
reintegration of 850 children and youth, including children at risk of family separation in November 2010
Nutrition Rehabilitation Centres Screening of Children Training on Nutrition in Emergencies Integration of NRP into permanent structures Support for surveys to facilitate evidenced based planning and management of nutrition
Education
1. Provision of emergency support through rapid assessment, back-to-school campaigns, temporary learning centres, repair of classrooms and psychosocial support Accelerated Learning Programme (ALP): Provision of school supplies: Distributed students and teachers stationery, drinking water bottles and school bags to over 100,000 students. Issued furniture for 68,000 children and 4,800 teachers. Provided children and teachers 3,350 bicycles through the Provincial Education Ofce to improve access to school. Reconstruction infrastructure: and repair of school
2. 3. -
Protection
1. Provision of co-ordinated responses for children separated/at risk of separation/orphans and other vulnerable children: Supported the Department of Probation and Child Care to establish tracing and reunication programmes Provision of effective prevention and response through strengthened community based structures Mine action activities: Mine Risk Education reached an estimated 998,000 community members since 2009, referred close 5,000 people with disabilities to physical rehabilitation services and support mechanisms Generation of vocational training and economic empowerment of young people and their families: UNICEF and the Vocational Training Authority of Sri Lanka signed a partnership to support the
2.
4. -
3.
Refurbished or rehabilitated over 100 schools in the Northern Province. Supported construction of 250 temporary learning spaces equipped with blackboards through Government partners and local and international organisations providing access to displaced children.
4. -
5. 6.
Construction of Thondamanaru bridge, Jaffna District: 70% completed at the end of June. Construction of staff quarters at the Mullaitivu District Hospital: To build two buildings for accommodation of the Mullaitivu District Hospital staff.
3.
4.
2.
families in Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu Districts. Provided roong sheets for an additional 2,788 families. 3. WASH for IDPs: In Menik Farm, replaced 84 toilet pits with new materials, decommissioned 2,700 toilets and 143 bathing spaces, constructed 12 toilet ramps (for access by differently-abled IDPs), repaired 3,000 toilets (multiple repairs per toilet), 56 bathing spaces and 27 water tank outlet valves. Health assistance to return areas: Built a ward complex and other facilities for Mullaitivu Divisional Hospital, with staff accommodation, rehabilitated the water tank and pump room, built an incinerator, provided furniture and medical equipment, and xed the perimeter fence. 2.
In Jaffna Districts Ramavil IDP camp, renovated the common facility building used to assist camp management. Installed 9kms. of drains cut and installed with necessary culverts. Water, sanitation and hygiene for IDPs: Installed, repaired and maintained toilets, bathing spaces, water tanks with stands and distribution pipes, in all camp zones; trained selected individuals on maintaining the facilities to ensure sustainability, with daily wages paid for their services. Installed 1,083 emergency toilets along with 128 bathing spaces in partnership with UNICEF. Bowsered around 55 million liters of water. Replaced 566 toilet pits with new materials; decommissioned of 346 toilets; remediation of old solid and liquid waste dumping sites; constructed a new solid waste disposal landll facility; provided 2,500 200 litre capacity garbage bins. Capacity-building of the Assistant Commissioner for Local Governance staff. Maintenance of local drainage around water and sanitation facilities. Water, sanitation and hygiene for returnees: In Mannar District (Manthai West), provided 341 new semi-permanent toilets and repaired 128 damaged toilets. In Mullaitivu District (Thunukkai), built 66 semi-permanent toilets and repaired 13 damaged toilets. Transitional shelters for returnees: Constructed 850 transitional shelters in Manthai West (Mannar District) and 250 transitional shelters in Vellani (Jaffna District).
4.
2010 1. 2. Water, sanitation and hygiene for IDPs at the Menik Farm. Transitional shelter for returnees: To meet the minimum shelter needs in resettlement areas, constructed 2,590 transitional shelters in Poonakary and Karachchi (Kilinochchi District) and Thunukkai and Oddusuddan (Mullaitivu District).
3.
2009 1. Shelter assistance for the IDPs and camp drainage: In Menik Farm, helped set up 3,716 Emergency Shelter Kits (ESKs) and 2,595 tents provided through UNHCR. Carried out 12,000 shelter repairs. Provided 55kms. of road side drainage in Zones 2, 6A & 6B.
4.
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4.
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2011 Support to health services in the resettlement areas: Continued capacity-building activities of health staff in resettlement areas on preventive and curative care and mental health and psychosocial support.
2010 1. Strengthening provision of healthcare services in Menik Farm and in resettlement areas: Maintenance and repair of health facilities in Menik Farm (Zones 0 and 1). Supported Ministry of Health medical mobile clinics in resettlement areas. Mobile clinics provided by Medical Teams International and Comit Action Mdicale with WHO support. Establishment of water quality testing laboratory in Vavuniya and Jaffna Districts. Rehabilitation of Tharmapuram and Vaddakachi Base Hospitals in Kilinochchi District. Provision of medical equipment to hospitals in Mullaitivu, Kilinochchi, Mannar, Jaffna and Vavuniya Districts. Supported the Provincial Department of Health Services to provide 12 pre-intern medical doctors to compliment the provision of health services in the resettlement areas. Communicable Disease surveillance and response in Menik Farm and resettlement areas Mental health and psychosocial support activities in resettlement areas Established mental health unit in Kilinochchi, Mullaitivu, Mannar and Jaffna Districts and support of mental health community outreach activities in Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu Districts. Supported 26 Community Support Ofcers in Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu Districts for mental health and psychosocial support.
Constructed temporary hospital in Zone 3 and temporary accommodation facilities for doctors and nurses in the Menik Farm co-ordination centre. Rehabilitation of health infrastructure: Renovation of doctors and nurses quarters, the Out-Patient Department area and overheard water tank in Cheddikulam Base Hospital. Constructed temporary wards and two medical clinics in Vavuniya General Hospital; two semi permanent wards in Mannar General Hospital; temporary wards in Tharmapuram central dispensary; temporary ward and Emergency Medical Care Unit (renovation) in Chavakachcheri District Hospital in Jaffna District. Provision of medical equipment kits to supplement medicines and supplies of Ministry of Health. Emergency medical equipment donated to Vavuniya General Hospital, Cheddikulam Base Hospital, as well as Regional Directorate for Health Services in Vavuniya, Jaffna and Mannar Districts.
2. -
3.
2. 3. -
2009 1. Support to IDP healthcare: Supported the Ministry of Health surge and operational capacity in the provision of essential health services to the IDPs in Menik Farm. Provision of ambulances for the referral of emergency cases to secondary health facilities. Supported the Ministry of Health in establishing a Communicable Disease surveillance and response system, including the production of communicable disease weekly updates. Recruitment of 12 Public Health Inspectors for disease surveillance activities, including ensuring water and sanitation standards.
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While involvement of I/NGOs in Jaffna and Vavuniya was heavy in 2010 till mid 2011, their involvement in Mullaitivu and Kilinochchi was progressively increased after June 2011. This was mainly due to the progress achieved in relation to demining activities in these districts. Many I/NGOs provided assistance in livelihood, Water and Sanitation (WASH), Health, Small infrastructure development and education sectors in almost all the districts. There are 22 I/NGOs who were exclusively engaged in construction of permanent and semi permanent shelters, such as SLRC, CARITAS, ASB, Save the Children, Zoa, NRC, Sewa Lanka, Sarvodaya, World Vision, OFERR (Ceylon), People in Need, SEEDS, UMCOR, Janasaviya Peace Wind, Fosdoo, LEADS, Muslim Aid and YGro. According to the reports available, assistance to shelter by the I/ NGOs amounts to Rs. 4 bn. which supersedes the assistance granted by the I/NGOs to all other sectors. The most important aspect of the I/NGOs contribution in the implementation of the Government-led resettlement and development programs in the Northern Province was their active participation starting from the grass root level, on the basis of needs identied by the Divisional Secretaries with the participation of the communities. The Government Departments provided guidance on priorities identication across all sectors, and the NGOs joined hands with the Government agencies and other humanitarian and development actors in a collective effort to ll the gap created by the destruction over a period of nearly three decades of conict.
Livelihood
In May 2009, close to 270,000 IDPs were accommodated in the Menik Farm and welfare centres in Vavuniya District, where partner NGOs provided mixed food commodities to compliment the main food rations provided by WFP. Food items such as vegetables, coconuts, spices, dried sh etc., helped to enhance the nutritional quality and value of the food rations provided in the welfare centres. As the resettlement progressed, another priority identied by the authorities was to concentrate on livelihood opportunities for the newly resettled population, in an effort to guarantee within the shortest timeframe possible their economic independence. The I/NGOs played a major role in livelihood development through agriculture, livestock, home gardening, backyard poultry and self employment initiatives. There were altogether 31 I/NGOs exclusively engaged in providing livelihood assistance. These include, SLRC, Caritas, ACTED, Save the Children, Sewa Lanka, FORUT, Sarvodaya, Care, NRC, ZOA, World Vision, Swiss Labour Assistance, OFERR (Ceylon). People Presidential Task Force
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in Need, Child Fund, SEEDS, PARCIC, UMCOR, JEN, Janasaviya Peace Wind, FOSDOO, Handicap International, LEADS, The Refugee Reh. Org., TRRO, HelpAge, YGro, World Concern, Muslim Aid, Practical Action & Family Rehabilitation Centre. With FAO playing a leading role in provision of seeds, I/NGOs contribution included the provision of perimeter fencing, tractors and costing for land preparation, sprayers and other agricultural items, for paddy and Other Field Crops (OFC), as well as seeds for rain-fed crops. In particular, I/NGOs provided 1,256 tractors (mostly two-wheel). Furthermore, NGOs provided 1,528 water pumps, seed materials and fertilizer to recommence high-value crop cultivation. Most of the re-settlers have adequate extents of land under homesteads for cultivation. To promote this area, in collaboration with the authorities, I/NGOs launched programs including provision of vegetable seeds, seedlings for timber species, fruit trees, plantation crops including coconut and Palmyra and agricultural equipment such as sprayers and water pumps. Next to agriculture, animal husbandry plays an important role in generating supplementary income for the population. The families willing to rear dairy cattle were supplied with a cow (pregnant or with a calf) and materials for cattle shed. Some of the I/ NGOs went further and assisted to establish Livestock Breeders Cooperative Societies (LIBCOs) and milk collecting centres, transport facilities and linkages to major powder milk producing companies. Families willing to recommence goat rearing were provided with an average of four female goats and one male goat, together with materials for a shed. In view of existing shortages of male goats, in discussion with the agriculture department, it was decided to introduce a system whereby ve farmers will share one male goat in rotation. A comparatively larger number of farmers opted to have backyard poultry. Each family involved in this type of programme was supplied with around 15 birds and materials for cages. The total investment by the I/NGOs for livelihood sector has been calculated at Rs. 2.8 bn. A signicant percentage of families have been traditionally involved in shing activities. NGOs supported the authorities in their efforts to revitalize this sector. This includes supply of shing boats, vallams (traditional shing crafts) and other traditional boats for sea shing and canoes for inland shing. Fishing gear was also provided according to specic requirements of the location. Furthermore, I/NGOs,
268
after discussions with shing communities, have identied infrastructure-related assistance for specic locations, including sheries cooperative buildings and landing site repairs. The total investment by the I/NGOs to improve sheries sector amounts to approximately Rs. 400 mn. Self-employment is a major source of income for a considerable number of the resettled families, with activities ranging from tailoring to construction-related activities (carpentry, masonry, etc) and community service provision in the form of small boutiques, bicycle repair shops, etc. This included provision at household level of tools and equipment, initial capital and raw material, according to needs identied through a consultative process involving all beneciaries. The targeted families were selected in consultation with the divisional secretaries and, in principle, each household was provided with an assistance package sufcient to generate adequate income.
Health
In order to respond to priorities identied by the Ministry of Health (MoH), including repairing, equipping and reopening to the public several hospitals, clinics and peripheral units within the shortest timeframe possible, several I/NGOs supported the MoH through the provision of mobile clinics covering almost all the districts. Furthermore, in view of the need for special treatments for victims of the conict identied in collaboration with the authorities, I/ NGOs extended nancial and technical assistance to provide services in the areas of psychosocial treatments, supply of prosthetics, orthopedic treatments etc. Most I/NGOs in the MoH hospitals and continued these services as extensions of the Ministrys services. The total assistance of I/NGOs to improve quality of life by enhancing health facilities is recorded at Rs. 520 mn.
Education
The contribution of I/NGOs to facilitate education sector included several interventions. The range of interventions includes: Early childhood care and development Erection of temporary learning spaces and rehabilitation and reconstruction of schools and preschools Provision of teaching, learning and recreation materials Comprehensive teacher training Psychosocial support activities for teachers and students Support for children with disabilities Provision of safe play spaces Rehabilitation of vocational training centres, provision of courses, and distribution of tools of the trade. The total investment in the education sector by I/ NGOs amounts to Rs. 924 mn.
Mine Action
Eight demining operators are currently active in Sri Lanka, including two national NGOs (MMIPE and DASH) and six international I/NGOs (Danish demining Group (DDG), Swiss Foundation for Demining (FSD), HALO Trust, HORIZON, Mines Advisory Group (MAG), and Sarvatra). In response to the surge in mine action activities since mid 2009, all operators signicantly scaled up their clearance and survey capacities, and together with the Sri Lanka Army Humanitarian Deming Unit (HDU), contributed to the clearance of land since January 2009, in addition to the release of large stretches of land after surveys. By and large, the contribution in strengthening humanitarian assistance and early recovery efforts have been a source of strength with a total investment of nearly Rs. 11 bn for efforts led by the Government to support the resettled families in their initial phase of resettlement.
Joint Plan for Assistance (JPA) for the Northern Province 2011
The Joint Plan for Assistance for Northern Province in 2011 (JPA) is the result of a consultative process led by the Government of Sri Lanka (GoSL) through the Presidential Task Force (PTF) on assistance needed during 2011 to help people in the Northern Province to recover and rebuild their lives. Upon the Governments invitation this process was undertaken jointly with the United Nations and its agencies (UN), National and International Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) and International Organizations (IOs). The objective of this Joint Plan for Assistance for Northern Province in 2011, is to identify the priority activities that must be undertaken during 2011; and it is to facilitate international assistance, in order that the people of Northern Province can recover, rebuild and return to a normal life. The ultimate aim of such work is to ensure the long-term sustainable development of the Northern Province within the shortest timeframe possible.
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The JPA outlines the considerable accomplishments made by the Government and its partners during 2010 during which hundreds of thousands families returned to their homes and began the long process of recovery and rebuilding. This document also outlines what remains to be done during 2011, and the assistance needed to do it. The starting point for the JPA is the guidelines provided by the PTF for assistance in 2011. Using these guidelines groups met to consider what was needed in 2011 for key sectors. These groups each brought together Secretaries and key staff from Central Government
Ministries, Provincial Government Representatives, the Government Agents, Senior Staff from the PTF together with staff from United Nations Agencies, the International Organizations for Migrations (IOM), and National and International NGOs. A process was also identied for monitoring the progress on the JPA which aims to ensure there is more assistance, that such assistance is the most effective for the people and the institutions that needs it, that it is consistent with the Governments plans, and with internationally established principles for such assistance.
Joint Plan for Assistance (JPA) for the Northern Province 2012
Joint Plan for Assistance Northern Province 2012 Continuing the strong partnerships made between the Government, UN, I/NGOs and IOs during the 2011 JPA planning and implementation process and building upon good practices and lessons learned, discussions have taken place between the Presidential Task Force for Resettlement, Development and Security in the Northern Province (PTF), and respective stakeholders to determine the most urgent areas per sector for humanitarian intervention in 2012. On the basis of this data, sector partners have formulated strategies and practical, concise project portfolios, towards building a consensus within the Humanitarian Country Team on the humanitarian programme for 2012. Software assistance, in terms of capacity-building to strengthen Government provision of basic services in the resettlement areas, will be a major component of next years strategy. The Joint Plan for Assistance Northern Province -2012 was launched on 21st February 2012 under the chairmanship of Hon. Basil Rajapaksa, MP, Minister of Economic Development and the Chairman of the Presidential Task Force at the Ministry of Economic Development with the participation of relevant government agencies at eld and central level, as well as UN and I/NGO partners.
Signing of Joint Plan for Assistance for Northern Province - 2012 270
All participants will work towards a stronger partnership with the relevant Government entities in an effort to maximize the impact of the agreed programmes and activities and, in full respect of existing agreements and mandates. Technical guidance will also be sought for the identication of specic activities in full respect of the strategies and priorities included in this document. Extra attention will be given to prioritizing assistance for the most vulnerable communities, including the most recently resettled or remote villages, and groups such as female heads of household, elderly without support and the disabled. Partnership agreements among Government, the UN and NGOs would be encouraged indicating their respective expertise and responsibilities, so
as to add value to the process and partnership. All partners will work to obtain funds from their respective donors, in order to carry out projects consistent with this Joint Plan for Assistance (JPA). The Government and the United Nations will provide more opportunities for civil society to be engaged in the recovery process, for the additional experience they can bring, for the contribution they can have in implantation of activities, and for their ability to help mobilize additional resources for assistance. The United Nations Agencies will use their international capacities and structures to help obtain nancial and technical resources needed for the implementation of the JPA.
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Sri Lanka Army Sri Lanka Navy Sri Lanka Air Force
Presidential Task Force
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274
Rehabilitation of Irrigation
Activity Repairing of 03 Lake Bunds Reconstruction of Lakes Repairing of Tanks Cleaning Canals 2250 meters 12 Nos. 03 Nos. 06 Nos. cleaned up to 100 meters each
Provision of Shelters
Activity Repairs to Permanent Houses Construction of Temporary Houses Construction of New Houses 3241 Nos. 4690 Nos. 4641 Nos.
Presidential Task Force
275
Rehabilitation of Schools
Activity Supply Uniform Materials, Books & Bags for School Children Supply of Pre-school Equipments Renovation of Schools and Pre-Schools Construction/Renovation of Schools Supply of Roong Sheets Repairing of Roof Construction of Sports Grounds for School Children Giving Scholarships Donation of Sports Equipments Conducting of Sport Meets Supply of Desks, Chairs & Tables for Schools Supply of Computers and Fax Machines for Schools Conducting Sports Practicing Workshop 1379 Nos. 106 Nos. 518 Nos. 71 Nos. 03 Schools 01 Pre-School 05 Nos. 385 Children 975 Children 47 Nos. 213 Nos. 10 Computers 04 Fax Machines 01 No.
Humanitarian Assistance
Activity Renovation of Cemetery Grounds Construction of Sports Grounds Construction of Children Parks Construction of Community Centres Conducting of Community Development Projects Providing Bicycles Supply of Lamps Supply of Cookers Supply of Telephones Supply of Tents Distribution of Readymade Garments Distribution of Building Materials (3 each) 10 Nos. 08 Nos. 03 Nos. 10 Nos. 35 Nos. 3067 Nos. 2313 Nos. 1050 Nos. 50 Nos. 90 Nos. 159 Nos. 45 Families
Rehabilitation of Roads
Activity Cleaning and renovation of roads and damaged culverts Assisting RDA and co-ordinating the renovation of road Renovation of KKS-Karainagar main road Renovation of road from T junction to Mandaitvu Island Cleaning and reconstruction of the roads Clearing Roads Reconstruction & reopening of the main road for public Reconstruction & reopening of the coastal road Construction of a new road From Valamalai Junction to Ceynor pier in Karainagar Velani Kayts
Pallimanai
278
Provision of Shelters
Activity Construction of 13 new houses for displaced families Construction of low cost houses Karainagar (06) Thoppakadu (04) Nainativu (03) 05 in Kayts handed over to IDP families in Kayts/Velani Divisional Secretariat Madukarai Nanatan (01), Kilinochchi Murukkan (01), Narvailukulam (01) & Madhu (05)
Rehabilitation of Schools
Activity Repairing & painting of school buildings, primary school buildings & Organizing Shramadana Campaigns in schools Distribution of school equipments Distribution of sports items, computers, stationery items and organizing sports activities Talaimannar Muslim School, Mudukkarai Tamil School
279
Humanitarian Assistance
Activity Reconstruction of Play grounds Mannar
Construction of Main Jetty at Nagadeepa Temple Organizing religious/cultural activities Conducting Dansal for Vesak Festival Conducting of shramadana in religious places and organizing power supply Organizing the ferry service for Islanders, patients, VIP & Magistrate and his staff
Casting of ring type caisson and RR masonry retaining wall is in progress Madhu, Jaffna, Mannar Madhu, Jaffna, Mannar Madhu, Jaffna, Mannar
Delft
280
Providing of Shelters
Activity Resettlement of IDPs No. of Families Madukulam Sinna Thampane Pulawanuar Senkappadi Velankulam Mannar 36 Nos. Pularanaur Poonarasankulam
63 40 04 32 21
Rehabilitation of Schools
Activity Construction & Renovation of Pre-schools & Schools Clearing surroundings of Schools & Construction of School Play grounds Distribution of Stationery Items, Computers and School Books Pre-School renovation Mullaitivu, Watappalai, Iranamadu, Vanni Kaytes, Mannar
Keppapilau, Wattappalai
281
Humanitarian Assistance
Activity Providing man power requirements to assist rehabilitation Clearing Public places, General Hospital and General Cemetery. Distribution of Wheel Chairs Donation of Articial Limbs Entertainment Programme & special gift packs for villages Punthottam Child Protection Centre Conducting from 2009. Mannar 02 Personnel 10 People Mullaitivu, Vanni
Conducting Dansal for Kovil Ceremony/ Vesak & Aerial Flower dropping on the Kovil Conducting New Year & Thai Pongal Festivals & providing Gift Packs
Cleaning of General cemetery and Railway Station Vavunia Distribution of School Books and Novels
282
Palallai
283
284
285
286
Mullaitivu District:
Name of the Local Authority Date of Election Held Date of Commence ment of the Council
TOTAL
17.03.2011 01.04.2011
23.07.2011 01.08.2011
13
18
Kilinochchi District:
Name of the Local Authority Date of Election Held Date of Commence ment of the Council
TOTAL
Pachchilaipalli Pradeshiya Sabha Poonagary Pradeshiya Sabha Karaichchy Pradeshiya Sabha Sub Total
3 4 4 11 15 15
6 6
9 10 19
12
38
287
Jaffna District
Name of the Local Authority Date of Election Held Date of Commence ment of the Council Selected Members from Each Party UPFA ITAK TULF UNP SLMC Ind.GP PCF DPLF TOTAL
Jaffna Municipal Council Valvettiturai Urban Council Point Pedro Urban Council Chavakachcheri Urban Council Karainagar Pradeshiya Sabha Kayts Praaeshiya Sabha Delft Pradeshiya Sabha Velanai Pradeshiya Sabha Valikamam West Pradeshiya Sabha Valikamam North Pradeshiya Sabha Valikamam South West Pradeshiya Sabha Valikamam South Pradeshiya Sabha Valikamam East Pradeshiya Sabha Vadamaradchy South West Pradeshiya Sabha Point Pedro Pradeshiya Sabha Chavakachcheri Pradeshiya Sabha Nallur Pradeshiya Sabha Sub Total
08.08.2009 01.09.2009 23.07.2011 01.08.2011 23.07.2011 01.08.2011 23.07.2011 01.08.2011 23.07.2011 01.08.2011 23.07.2011 01.08.2011 23.07.2011 01.08.2011 23.07.2011 01.08.2011 23.07.2011 01.08.2011 23.07.2011 01.08.2011 23.07.2011 01.08.2011
13 2 2 2 1 4 8 8 3 6 4
8 7 7 9 3 1 1 3 11 15 12
23 9 9 11
5 5 9 11 14 21 16
23.07.2011 01.08.2011 23.07.2011 01.08.2011 23.07.2011 01.08.2011 23.07.2011 01.08.2011 23.07.2011 01.08.2011 23.07.2011 01.08.2011
3 5 3 2 2 2
13 16 15 7 12 10 1
16 21 18 9 15 12
70
150
0 224
288
Mannar District
Name of the Local Authority Date of Election Held Date of Commence ment of the council Selected Members from Each Party UPFA ITAK TULF UNP SLMC Ind.GP PCF DPLF TOTAL
Mannar Urban Council Manthai West Pradeshiya Sabha Musali Pradeshiya Sabha Nanattan Pradeshiya Sabha Mannar Pradeshiya Sabha Sub Total
17.03.2011
01.04.2011
17.03.2011
01.04.2011
12
17.03.2011
01.04.2011
17.03.2011
01.04.2011
17.03.2011
01.04.2011
17
24
46
Vavuniya District
Name of the Local Authority Date of Election Held Date of Commence ment of the council Selected Members from Each Party UPFA ITAK TULF UNP SLMC Ind.GP PCF DPLF TOTAL
Vavuniya Urban Council Vavuniya North Pradeshiya Sabha Vavuniya South Sinhala Pradeshiya Sabha Vavuniya South Tamil Pradeshiya Sabha Vengalacheddikulam Pradeshiya Sabha Sub Total
08.08.2009
01.09.2009
11
17.03.2011
01.04.2011
13
17.03.2011
01.04.2011
17.03.2011
01.04.2011
10
17.03.2011
01.04.2011
17
25
52
289
290
CONCLUSION
291
292
Conclusion
It may be useful to recapture the formidable challenges Sri Lanka had to face after the comprehensive military defeat of the LTTE. The immediate challenge was to look after the displaced population numbering over 290,000. At the same time, Security Forces were required to secure the territory which had been in the control of the LTTE for several decades. In addition, a complex task the GoSL had to undertake prior to resettlement of the displaced was to carry out a humanitarian demining operation successfully. Most of the infrastructure had been destroyed during the protracted conict. These were all domestic challenges. The international pressure which the Government had to face in the meantime took different shapes. Initially, it included the accommodation of Internally Displaced Persons (IDP) in welfare centres as an internment. Then the quality of services provided to IDPs at the welfare centres established by the Government, despite the fact that the GoSL treated the IDPs with dignity and respect, by providing educational, medical, communication facilities and food. Having faced all these challenges, the Government of Sri Lanka established the most appropriate institutional mechanism to deal with all aspects of resettlement of IDPs, development and security of the Northern Province. The appointment of the Presidential Task Force for Resettlement, Development and Security Northern Province (PTF) by H E the President was a vital decision to successfully cope with this Herculean task. The initiatives undertaken by the Presidential Task Force headed by Hon. Basil Rajapaksa, MP, Minister of Economic Development, through its strategic plans has been instrumental in reaching the current state of development in the Northern Province within a short period of time. The mandate of the PTF was to prepare strategic plans, programmes and projects to achieve this task. It was also responsible for total coordination of all activities and to direct and oversee the implementation of this programme establishing liaison with all organizations and also identify and apply innovative solutions to problems and constraints confronted in the execution of the Task. The master plan prepared by the PTF was named Uthuru Vasanthaya (Northern Spring/Vadakkin Vasantham) and its execution was meticulously carried out under the proper direction and guidance of the Chairman of the PTF. The contribution made by the Sri Lanka Security Forces under the resettlement and development throughout this process has been an immense support in achieving a signicant level of performance during a short space of time. Their services, more particularly, in demining operation which accounted for nearly 75% of demining, was a major contribution to facilitate a speedy resettlement. The resettlement and development process was further strengthened by their services towards infrastructure development which included clearance of abandoned paddy lands, rehabilitation of tanks, access roads prior to commencement of the resettlement. To move from conict to stability the Government undertook to resuscitate the economic base of the Northern Region with an enormous investment for rehabilitation of economic and social infrastructure. The total investment by the Government for all these development projects for Northern Province during 2006 - 2011 amounts to approximately US$ 2,830mn. This investment portfolio is second only to the investment for the Western Province compared with the other provinces in Sri Lanka. In fact, it is interesting to note that the benet of this signicant investment is reected in the increase of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in the Northern Province. The share of Northern Province to the GDP of the country increased to 3.7% in 2011 compared to 2.8% in 2006. The value of the GDP by the Province at current prices for year 2011 had been recorded as SLRs. 6,542bn. compared to SLRs. 2,938bn. in 2006. Resettlement of nearly 147,000 Families within two years and closing down of Manik Farm welfare centres on 25th September 2012 has been an outstanding achievement. The reconstruction of the Northern Province after nearly three decades of destruction, despite several constraints, has been possible mainly due to sincere political commitment of H E the President to resolve the conict and implementation of a well focused development programme aimed at chartering a new course to transform the Northern region from conict to stability. Rehabilitation of over 1,000 kilometers of roads, part of which has already been completed and the 250 kilometer length of rail roads currently being constructed, will go a long way to improve the quality of life of one million people living in the North. The efforts of the Government for rebuilding the North are based on the principles embodied in the Mahinda Chinthana, the overall vision of His Excellency the President of Sri Lanka. Mahinda Chinthana refers to an integrated society consisting of one country one law. The programme for the Northern development is driven by this concept. Presidential Task Force
293