ABSTRACT

No worries no tension so no depression no SUICIDE.

SUICIDE

Team Members
Hafiz Faizan Mahmood M. Waleed L1F10BSAA0036 L1F10BSAA0064

Table of Contents Introduction...2 Facts...4 o Children, Adolescents and Young Adults ............................................................... 5 o Attempted Suicide...5 Types of Suicide ...................................................................................................................... 8 o Egoistic Suicide...7 o Altruistic suicide...7 o Anomic suicide ........................................................................................................... 8 o Fatalistic suicide .......................................................................................................... 8 o Critical evaluation of Durkheim's theory...8 Religious Views..9 Things that lead to suicide11 o Depression11 o Anxiety..12 o Stress.14 o Mental Illness14 Theories of Suicidal Behavior...15 o The biological perspective.15 o The psychodynamic perspective15 o The behavioral perspective16 o The cognitive perspective...16 o The humanistic-existential perspective...17 o The community-cultural perspective..17 Case Study18 o Desperate to stay in school18 o Help comes too late...19 Suicide Prevention20 o Understanding and preventing suicide...20 o Speak up if you're worried.22 o Respond quickly in crisis...22 o Offer help and support.22 Conclusion23

An Introduction to Suicide

uicide is an irrational desire to die. We use the term "irrational" here because no matter how bad a person's life is, suicide is a permanent solution to what is nearly always a temporary problem. Suicide is a symptom and sign of serious depression. Depression is a treatable disorder, but often the treatment takes time, energy and effort on the part of the person whose feeling depressed. Sometimes, as a person who is depressed feels the energizing effects of an antidepressant medication, they will still feel depressed, but have more energy. It is during this time in treatment that many people turn to suicide and suicidal acts. Suicide's effects are tragic and felt long after the individual has taken their own life. It is usually the second or third leading cause of death amongst teenagers, and remains one of the top ten leading causes of death well into middle-age. A person who dies by suicide leaves behind them a tangled confusion of family members and friends who try to make sense of a senseless and purposeless act. Most people who think about suicide, however, never make a "serious" attempt at it (every attempt, though, is viewed as "serious" by the person making it). For every attempted suicide, there is thought to be one or more people where the thought of suicide has never translated into an actual attempt. With over a half a million people making a suicidal attempt each year, this translates into a huge problem that society largely ignores or tries to sweep under the rug. Prevention efforts largely target teenagers, but few professionals feel comfortable dealing with people who are actively suicidal. In most communities, the health care system is also not well-equipped to deal with the magnitude of the problem or the specific needs of a person who is suicidal. Suicidal behavior is complex. Some risk factors vary with age, gender and ethnic group and may even change over time. The risk factors for suicide frequently occur in combination. Research has shown that 90 percent of people who kill themselves have depression or another diagnosable mental or substance abuse disorder.

Adverse life events in combination with other strong risk factors, such as depression, may lead to suicide. Suicide and suicidal behavior, however, are not normal responses to the stresses experienced by most people. Most people who experience one or more risk factors do not become suicidal. Other risk factors include:

Prior suicide attempt Family history of mental or substance abuse disorder Family history of suicide Family violence, including physical or sexual abuse Firearms in the home Incarceration Exposure to the suicidal behavior of others, including family members, peers and/or via the media in news or fiction stories.

Facts about Suicide

en are four times more likely than woman to die by suicide, but women try to commit suicide twice as often as men (they're just unsuccessful). Such attempts are often viewed as a "cry for help" rather than an actual attempt to end the person's life. Guns are the most commonly-used method for committing suicide. Using a gun to kill oneself accounted for nearly 60 percent of suicides in 1996. Seventy-three percent of all suicides are committed by white men, and 79 percent of all firearm suicides are committed by white men. The highest suicide rate was for white men older than 85 years of age -- 65.3 per 100,000 persons.

Children, Adolescents and Young Adults

During the last several decades, the suicide rate in young people has increased dramatically. In 1996, suicide was the 3rd leading cause of death in 15 to 24 year olds -- 12.2 of every 100,000 people -- following unintentional injuries and homicide. Suicide was the fourth leading cause in 10- to 14-year-olds, with 298 deaths among 18,949,000 children in this age group. For adolescents age 15 to 19, there were 1,817 deaths among 18,644,000 adolescents. The gender ratio in this age group was 5 to 1 (males:females). Among young people 20 to 24 years of age, there were 2,541 deaths among 17,562,000 people in this age group. The gender ratio in this age group was 7 to 1 (males: females).

Attempted Suicides
No national surveillance data on attempted suicide are available; however, reliable scientific research has found that:

There are an estimated eight to 25 attempted suicides to one completion; the ratio is higher in women and youth and lower in men and the elderly. The strongest risk factors for attempted suicide in adults are depression, alcohol abuse, cocaine use, and separation or divorce. The strongest risk factors for attempted suicide in youth are depression, alcohol or other drug use disorder, and aggressive or disruptive behaviors. The majority of suicide attempts are expressions of extreme distress that need to be addressed, and not just a harmless bid for attention. A suicidal person should not be left alone and needs immediate mental health treatment.

Types of Suicide by Emile Durkheim

mile Durkheim was a French philosopher who was born on 15 April, 1858. Durkheim acknowledged Comte as his master. On a sociological perspective when Comte and Spencer were considered as the founding fathers of Sociology, Durkheim is considered as the grandfather and the systematic approach to study the society began with him. Durkheim's theory of 'suicide' is related in various ways to his study of the division of labor. It is also linked with the theory of 'social constraint'. Durkheim has established the view that there are no societies in which suicide does not occur. Rejecting most of the accepted theories of suicide, Durkheim on the basis of his monographic studies claims suicide as primarily a social phenomena in terms of the breakdown of the vital bond of life. Durkheim in his classical study of 'Le Suicide' which was published in 1897, demonstrates that neither psycho-pathic factor nor heredity nor climate nor poverty, nor unhappy love nor other personal factors motivate along form sufficient explanation of suicide. According to Durkheim, suicide is not an individual act nor a personal action. It is caused by some power which is over and above the individual or super individual. He viewed "all classes of deaths resulting directly or indirectly from the positive or negative acts of the victim itself who knows the result they produce" Having defined the phenomenon Durkheim dismisses the psychological explanation. Many doctors and psychologists develop the theory that majority of people who take their own life are in a pathological state, but Durkheim emphasizes that the force, which determines the suicide, is not psychological but social. He concludes that suicide is the result of social disorganization or lack of social integration or social solidarity.

Types of Suicide
Emile Durkheim classified different types of suicides on the basis of different types of relationship between the actor and his society.

(1) Egoistic suicide

According to Durkheim, when a man becomes socially isolated or feels that he has no place in the society he destroys himself. This is the suicide of self-centered person who lacks altruistic feelings and is usually cut off from main stream of the society.

(2) Altruistic suicide

This type of suicide occurs when individuals and the group are too close and intimate. This kind of suicide results from the over integration of the individual into social proof, for example - Sati customs, Dannies warriors.

(3) Anomic suicide

This type of suicide is due to certain breakdown of social equilibrium, such as, suicide after bankruptcy or after winning a lottery. In other words, anomic suicide takes place in a situation which has cropped up suddenly.

(4) Fatalistic suicide

This type of suicide is due to overregulation in society. Under the overregulation of a society, when a servant or slave commits suicide, when a barren woman commits suicide, it is the example of fatalistic suicide

Critical evaluation of Durkheim's theory

Although Durkheim's theory of suicide has contributed much about the understanding of the phenomenon because of his stress on social rather than on biological or personal factors, the main drawback of the theory is that he has laid too much stress only on one factor, namely social factor and has forgotten or undermined other factors, thereby making his theory defective and only one sided.

Religious Views about Suicide

Persons killing himself, thats, committing suicide for this or that reason is neither accepted lawful reasonably nor religiously, and it is not permissible. This is because a person, who attempts to do such thing, indeed violates the boon of life entrusted to him by Allah and takes on the consequences of such a great sin. Moreover, such person is not considered decent by Muslims, and people do not have a high opinion of him anymore. In Quran it is said:
Sura Al-Baqarah (195), Allah (SWT) says, And do not throw yourselves in destruction. Sura An-Nisaa (29-30), Allah (SWT) says, Do not kill yourselves. Verily, Allah is ever Merciful unto you. Whoever does that through aggression and wrongdoing, We shall cast them into Fire, and that is ever easy for Allah.

And as he committed such an important sin, he deserves the punishment of Hell in the hereafter. (Muslim, Faith: 175).

The Prophet (pbuh) stated in many of his hadiths that one who committed suicide is considered to have committed a major sin and will be subject to the punishment of Hell. As a matter of fact, people who do such things are the ones who are weak in religious and unworldly matters as far as we see in the society. Even though committing suicide is a major sin, one who has committed suicide does not become an infidel; because it is only the denial of one of the essentials of faith which makes a person infidel. For this reason, his/her funeral prayer is performed like any other Muslim. The majority of Islamic scholars, including Imam Azam and Imam Muhammad, have adopted this view. Regardless of the reason why he committed suicide, whether accidentally or deliberately, his funeral prayer is performed.

10

On the other hand, Imam Abu Yusuf says: Funeral prayer of someone who has committed suicide cannot be performed, unless he did so accidentally or because of a severe agony. However, the consensus of the majority of the scholars is that the funeral prayer of someone who has committed suicide can be performed. (al-Fatawal-Hindiyya, 1:163; Mehmed Paksu, Aileye zel Fetvalar).

According to the fatwa of Imam Yusuf, if people suffering from depression commit suicide, this disease can be considered extenuation. We cannot know for sure whether their mental balance was right or not at the moment of suicide. Only Allah can know this. It is stated that people whose mental balance is not right will not be held responsible for their sins according to our religion. One can be held responsible for his sins on condition that his mental balance is right. However, if the reason why one succumbed to depression is nothing permissible religiously, he is held responsible. This is like a drunken persons killing someone. However, if he succumbed to depression not because of a sin, he can be excused. What matters here primarily is whether one has lost his mental balance or not. If those whose mental balance is right commit suicide, they are considered to have committed a major sin.

11

Things that lead to Suicide

Depression
Untreated depression is the number one cause for suicide. You are not depressed when you feel sad for a day or two; you are depressed when you experience a prolonged period of sadness that interferes with your ability to function. Depression occurs because of an imbalance of chemicals in the brain. It is an illness. And it is highly treatable. Unfortunately, many people do not receive treatment for depression, and thus are at risk for suicide. If you or have some of these symptoms below, please seek help immediately:

Feeling sad for two or more weeks Feeling lethargic -- feeling like you have no energy Unable to concentrate Sleeping too much or too little Eating too much or too little Feeling worthless Feeling hopeless Feeling helpless Feeling negative or pessimistic Losing interest in activities that you previously enjoyed Crying frequently Withdrawing from others Neglecting personal appearance Feeling angry Feeling guilty Unable to think clearly Unable to make decisions

12

Basically, if "the blues" do not go away after two weeks, you probably have depression. And you need to get treatment. So please make an appointment with a medical doctor and a therapist so you may be properly evaluated. Many people do not think of going to a medical doctor when they are depressed, but it is an important step because there could be a physical problem beside the chemical imbalance that is causing the depression. And please get into therapy. If the therapist believes that you need medication he or she can refer you to someone. Again, you may need to take medication. So, please leave that option open. People take medication all of the time for a variety of ailments, why should taking medication for depression be any different? And please understand that when you are depressed that you affect the people around you. So get help for your loved ones as well as yourself. If you need to take medication, then you should do so. You can ask the doctor and therapist all of the questions that you can think of. And you can do your own research. You can seek a second and even a third opinion. But the bottom line is that you need to do what is necessary to get better. You might believe that you could never become suicidal, but protracted, untreated depression will make almost anyone suicidal, including you. So take action now. If you are depressed, make those appointments immediately.

Anxiety
What are the links between anxiety and suicide? Theyre deep and surprising, according to a few new studies. While suicide has long been linked to more severe mental disorders, such as depression and schizophrenia, anxiety and suicide are being linked now more than ever. Of course, not everyone with anxiety will commit or attempt suicide, but understanding that these links are deep and strong will go a long way towards helping us understand just how serious a problem an anxiety disorder can be.
What studies say about anxiety and suicide

One recent study from Sweden showed that people who have nervous or anxious feelings on a regular basis are more likely than average to attempt suicide sometime in the next decade. This study is a little vague, but others have linked anxiety and suicide even more deeply. It used to be thought that anxiety disorders had to go along with other things such as depression or other mental illnesses in order to raise a persons risk for committing suicide.

13

Now, though, psychologists are admitting that an anxiety disorder alone is enough to cause suicidal thoughts and attempts in a huge number of patients. In a study published in the Archives of General Psychiatry in 2005, it was found that 52.4% of people who imagine committing suicide have at least one anxiety disorder and that about 64.1% of those who attempt suicide had at least one anxiety disorder. Also, the presence of just one anxiety disorder in a patient is enough to increase the lifetime risk of suicide in an individual.
What can be done?

Clearly the links between anxiety and suicide are strong enough to be of major concern to clinicians and therapists as well as anxiety sufferers. If you or someone you know is at risk for anxiety and suicide, there are things that you can do to help reduce the risks of anxiety leading to suicide:

Understand that anxiety is a serious problem, even if it is not as severe as a phobia or panic attack disorder. Even if youre just struggling with everyday feelings of generalized anxiety and nervousness, your risk for committing or attempting suicide could go up. Seek help immediately whenever you feel that youre being overtaken by anxiety in your life. Seek help whenever you have suicidal thoughts or intentions. If you find your mind drifting to thoughts of suicide, particularly if you already feel anxious, seek help immediately. Cognitive behavioral therapy and medication can straighten out the problem before it becomes out of control. Understand your own anxiety. Learn to understand how your mind and your anxiety work, so that you can combat them on a daily basis. Learn relaxation techniques to keep your general anxiety levels lowered, and seek further help in the form of therapy if relaxation techniques arent enough.

On the social level, its time that we take anxiety and suicide seriously. If you know someone who struggles with constant or overwhelming anxiety, talk to that person about what you might be able to do to help. You might be surprised at how much just having someone take them seriously can help a person with an anxiety disorder, as these disorders are often overlooked or brushed off by observers!

14

Stress
Stress isn't inherently bad. It causes you to respond to events, to "rise to the challenge", and to better yourself. But too much stress can be catastrophic and too much stress can cause or exacerbate suicidal feelings. But, keep in mind that what stresses you may not stress someone else, and vice versa. And it does not matter how someone else responds to stress; what matters is how you respond. If you feel stressed, you are stressed. One of the most effective ways to deal with people that causes you stress is don't deal with them (unless you really have to). Stay away from them. If you need to make some adjustments in your life for this, then do so. Remember this: You, and only you, are in control of your life. You decide who you want to be with and who you don't want to be with. You decide where you want to go and where you don't want to go.

Mental Illness
The term mental illness refers to a group of illnesses, disorders or diseases that affect a persons thought processes, perception of reality, emotions, or judgment, and could lead to disturbed behavior. People living with mental illness may experience the following symptoms: auditory and visual hallucinations delusions disordered thinking impaired memory diminished concentration disruptions in sleeping patterns or appetite irritability lack of motivation flashbacks mood swings distress

Mental illnesses differ in terms of their severity and duration. A mental illness should be diagnosed by a mental health professional.

15

Theories of Suicidal Behavior

The biological perspective
It emphasizes the role of bodily processes by suggesting that bodily disturbances can be caused by a genetic defect, an injury or infection, or a temporary physiological malfunction caused by a current condition. Another point of view would be that maladaptive behavior is jointly caused by the body, the psychological functioning, and the social environment. Genetic factors, which influence the biological perspective, include the nervous system being affected not only by genes but environment as well. One major factor in genetic abnormalities is irregularities in the structure or number of chromosomes, which are present in all body cells. Abnormalities in the brain are often caused by chromosomal abnormalities. An implication of the biological perspective is that many types of abnormal behavior is largely due to factors that are beyond peoples control such as the type of brain and body someone is born with and the environment in which they live. Most teenage suicide is driven by impulsive or aggressive behavior, stress, or anxiety, which have been shown to be related to abnormalities in serotonergic mechanisms.

The psychodynamic perspective

It emphasizes the role of anxiety and inner conflict, meaning that thoughts and emotions are important causes of behavior and environment and personal experiences play roles in how the brain functions. Observable behavior is a function of intra-psychic processes. Many psychodynamic theorists agree that personality is shaped by a combination of inner and outer events emphasizing on the inner ones. Sigmund Freud, the originator of the psychodynamic perspective, believed that in order to understand behavior it is necessary to analyze the thoughts preceding and associated with it, and that to understand these thoughts, a persons deepest emotions and feelings must be explored.

16

The behavioral perspective

It examines how environment influences behavior in that it focuses on behavior as a response to stimuli in the environment. Psychologists who use the behavioral perspective focus on learning and view behavior as a product of stimulus-response relationships rather than delving into the past to try to get people to figure out why they are the way they are. Classical conditioning and operant conditioning are two of the most important pillars in the behavioral perspective. Classical conditioning is the response that occurs automatically to one stimulus and then is transferred to a new stimulus by pairing the two stimuli. Operant conditioning uses reinforcements in order to achieve a response. Positive reinforcements and rewards increase the chance of the behavior happening again whereas negative reinforcement or punishments provide a negative consequence for the behavior thus decreasing the probability of repetition.

The cognitive perspective

It looks to defective thinking and problem solving as causes of abnormal behavior as it focuses on the way people acquire and interpret information and use it in problem solving. It puts great emphasis on mental processes that we are aware of or can easily be made aware of, as opposed to hidden motivations, feelings and conflicts. Cognitive perspective pays attention to peoples thoughts and problem solving strategies rather than their personal histories. People are continually collecting; storing, modifying, interpreting and understanding both internally generated information and environmental stimuli. People develop schemata, which contain information about different parts of a persons life and assist in information processing and strategy development.

17

The humanistic-existential perspective

It emphasizes out uniqueness as individuals and freedom to make our own decisions in that in every person there is an active striving toward self-actualization, or a desire to be all that you can be. Humanists are more optimistic than existentialists when it comes to human condition and they see undesirable environmental influences as disruptions of selfactualization where existentialists emphasize the responsibilities of the individual to deal realistically with environmental givens.

The community-cultural perspective

It is concerned with the roles of social relationships and the impact of socioeconomic conditions and maladaptive behavior suggesting that maladaptive behavior, rather than being a personal health problem or character defect, is a result of an inability to effectively cope with stress. Instead of viewing the behavior as a disease or a problem existing within the individual it is seen partly as a failure of the individuals social system which would include a persons spouse, parents, siblings, relatives, friends, teachers, employers, religious advisors, community organizations, government agencies and others. Social causation is a theory that argues that the poor schools, crime, inadequate housing and prejudice often found in deteriorating low-income neighborhoods may increase the stress experiences by already venerable people, whereas the social selection theory suggests that lower socioeconomic groups show greater incidence of maladaptive behavior because people who do not function well tend to experience downward social mobility.

18

Case Study
The Case
Kamran Khan was only 13 when he stood outside his impoverished family's home 10 days ago, doused himself with gasoline, and set himself on fire. The reason: his family could not afford to buy him a new school uniform. Kamran died on March 30, lying in an army-run hospital with burns covering 65 percent of his body. Now, his death leaves the town of Shabqadar, two hours northwest of Peshawar, trying to understand why he took his life over a set of clothes. But it also underlines how much children from poor families in Pakistan's Pashtun areas need assistance to stay in school. Shabqadar, on the border of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province and Pakistan's tribal agencies, is in a region whose economy has all but collapsed in recent years amid Islamabad's war with militant groups. The upheaval has left many poor families unable to pay school costs. Kamran's family was struggling to stay afloat. His laborer father found it ever harder to find work in Shabqadar as refugees fleeing fighting in neighboring Mohmand Agency have swollen the town's population over recent years. Four months ago, the father, Ijaz Gul, raised money from relatives and went to Saudi Arabia. He hoped to use his visa for an umrah, or small religious pilgrimage to Mecca, to stay illegally and find work. But unable to secure a job and quickly send money home, Gul's move left Kamran's mother alone to support the family with her wages as a maid.

Desperate To Stay In School

Still, the family hoped that by keeping Kamran and his older brother in school it could pull itself out of poverty. Shakirullah, the principal and owner of Mohmand Education Academy, where Kamran studied, says the boy was at the top of his class. But one day, Kamran stopped coming to school. Later, Shakirullah was shocked to see the boy wandering around town picking up scraps of metal to sell. "At a point, he quit the school in class 4. He used to work as scrap collector. Then I came across him one day and asked him to join the school. But he said he couldn't pay the school fee. Then I asked him to join the school without any fee," Shakirullah says. But even that offer was not enough. Students at private schools, as well as at tuition-free state schools, still have to buy their own school uniforms and books. It was Kamran's inability to get a new uniform, when his own was embarrassingly in tatters that proved one hurdle too many. Kamran's brother, Salim Khan, says the boy pleaded with his mother to buy him a new uniform, a white shalwar kameez. But while his mother sympathized, she repeatedly told him the family didn't have the money. Finally, she lost her patience and slapped him. Kamran threatened to kill himself if his parents could not buy him the uniform. Then he did. "He asked me for a school uniform and said he had no other

19

Clothes," his mother, Shahana Bibi, says. "Then he said this life was absurd. Then he set himself on fire. That was a difficult time." Help Comes Too Late The boy's death was a blow to parents who already had lost one child to poverty. Kamran's mother gave away her fifth child as a baby because they could not afford to raise her. With two sons and two other daughters already, the family had reached the limit of its means. Kamran's death is doubly tragic because it comes when help for students like him could be on the way This month, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province launched a British-funded school-enrollment campaign designed to help 80,000 needy students stay in school through 2015. The project, budgeted at 200 million pounds ($320 million), will pay their tuition fees and provide them a modest stipend. It will also fund construction of new schools. The project comes too late for Kamran. But at a time when the literacy rate in Pakistan's tribal region is a bleak 17 percent, the economy is in tatters, and poor families can barely afford school, it may at least save other children from the desperation that ended one 13year-old's life.

20

Suicide Prevention

Suicidal person may not ask for help, but that doesn't mean that help isn't wanted. Most people who commit suicide don't want to diethey just want to stop hurting. Suicide prevention starts with recognizing the warning signs and taking them seriously. If you think a friend or family member is considering suicide, you might be afraid to bring up the subject. But talking openly about suicidal thoughts and feelings can save a life.

Understanding and preventing suicide

The World Health Organization estimates that approximately 1 million people die each year from suicide. What drives so many individuals to take their own lives? To those not in the grips of suicidal depression and despair, it's difficult to understand what drives so many individuals to take their own lives. But a suicidal person is in so much pain that he or she can see no other option. Suicide is a desperate attempt to escape suffering that has become unbearable. Blinded by feelings of self-loathing, hopelessness, and isolation, a suicidal person can't see any way of finding relief except through death. But despite their desire for the pain to stop, most suicidal people are deeply conflicted about ending their own lives. They wish there was an alternative to committing suicide, but they just can't see one.

21

Suicide Warning Signs Talking about suicide Any talk about suicide, dying, or self-harm, such as "I wish I hadn't been born," "If I see you again...," and "I'd be better off dead." Seeking access to guns, pills, knives, or other objects that could be used in a suicide attempt. Unusual focus on death, dying, or violence. Writing poems or stories about death. Feelings of helplessness, hopelessness, and being trapped ("There's no way out"). Belief that things will never get better or change. Feelings of worthlessness, guilt, shame, and self-hatred. Feeling like a burden ("Everyone would be better off without me"). Making out a will. Giving away prized possessions. Making arrangements for family members. Unusual or unexpected visits or calls to family and friends. Saying goodbye to people as if they won't be seen again. Withdrawing from friends and family. Increasing social isolation. Desire to be left alone. Increased alcohol or drug use, reckless driving, unsafe sex. Taking unnecessary risks as if they have a "death wish." A sudden sense of calm and happiness after being extremely depressed can mean that the person has made a decision to commit suicide.

Seeking out lethal means Preoccupation with death No hope for the future

Self-loathing, self-hatred

Getting affairs in order Saying goodbye

Withdrawing from others Self-destructive behavior Sudden sense of calm

22

Speak up if youre worried

If you spot the warning signs of suicide in someone you care about, you may wonder if its a good idea to say anything. What if youre wrong? What if the person gets angry? In such situations, it's natural to feel uncomfortable or afraid. But anyone who talks about suicide or shows other warning signs needs immediate helpthe sooner the better.

Respond quickly in a crisis

If a friend or family member tells you that he or she is thinking about death or suicide, it's important to evaluate the immediate danger the person is in. Those at the highest risk for committing suicide in the near future have a specific suicide PLAN, the MEANS to carry out the plan, a TIME SET for doing it, and an INTENTION to do it.

Offer help and support

If a friend or family member is suicidal, the best way to help is by offering an empathetic, listening ear. Let your loved one know that he or she is not alone and that you care. Don't take responsibility, however, for making your loved one well. You can offer support, but you can't get better for a suicidal person. He or she has to make a personal commitment to recovery.

Level of Suicide Risk

Low Some suicidal thoughts. No suicide plan. Says he or she won't commit suicide. Moderate Suicidal thoughts. Vague plan that isn't very lethal. Says he or she won't commit suicide. High Suicidal thoughts. Specific plan that is highly lethal. Says he or she won't commit suicide. Severe Suicidal thoughts. Specific plan that is highly lethal. Says he or she will commit suicide.

It takes a lot of courage to help someone who is suicidal. Witnessing a loved one dealing with thoughts about ending his or her own life can stir up many difficult emotions. As you're helping a suicidal person, don't forget to take care of yourself. Find someone that you trusta friend, family member, clergyman, or counselorto talk to about your feelings and get support of your own.

23

Conclusion

uicide is not the way out of any problem. Its a time to have a healthy life style. We should make our private psychiatrist and visit them normally. We should make our life easy and believe on the factor of HOPE. Movies are being made to motivate people what it feels after doing suicide what goes on the family whose child do suicide. Different societies are being made for it. To stop this activity we need to do a lot more even in our country Pakistan. Not only this, we should do whatever we like life is short care for others and get care for others. Remove the word problem. Remove the word SUICIDE. Live a happy life with a happy family. Dont care for those who hurt you. Because they will hurt you more. Work hard so that you dont face any difficulties financially. Choose your best profession, so, you should get success in it and live a healthy life. No worries no tension so no depression no SUICIDE.

24