1026

Mechanical Engineering Design

Table A15
Charts of Theoretical Stress-Concentration Factors K*t
Figure A151

3.0
d

Bar in tension or simple

compression with a transverse
hole. 0 = F/A, where
A = (w d)t and t is the
thickness.

2.8

2.6
Kt
2.4

2.2

2.0

Figure A152

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4
d/w

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

3.0
d

Rectangular bar with a

transverse hole in bending.
0 = Mc/I , where
I = (w d)h 3/12.

d/h = 0
w

2.6
0.25

0.5

2.2

h
1.0

Kt

2.0
1.8
`
1.4

1.0
0

Figure A153

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4
d/w

0.5

3.0

Notched rectangular bar in

tension or simple compression.
0 = F/A, where A = dt and t
is the thickness.

0.6

0.7

0.8

r
w/d = 3
F

2.6

1.5
2.2
1.2
Kt
1.1
1.8
1.05
1.4

1.0

0.05

0.10

0.15
r /d

0.20

0.25

0.30

Useful Tables

1027

Table A15
Charts of Theoretical Stress-Concentration Factors K *t (Continued)
Figure A154

3.0
1.10

Notched rectangular bar in

bending. 0 = Mc/I , where
c = d/2, I = td 3/12, and t is
the thickness.

w/d = `

2.6

1.5

1.05
2.2
1.02

Kt
1.8

1.4

1.0
0

Figure A155

0.05

0.10

0.15
r/d

0.20

0.25

0.30

3.0
r

Rectangular filleted bar in

tension or simple compression.
0 = F/A, where A = dt and
t is the thickness.

D/d = 1.50
2.6
F

1.10
2.2
Kt
1.05
1.8
1.02
1.4

1.0

Figure A156

0.05

0.10

0.15
r/d

0.20

0.25

0.30

3.0
r

Rectangular filleted bar in

bending. 0 = Mc/I , where
c = d/2, I = td 3/12, t is the
thickness.

2.6

1.05

3
2.2
1.1 1.3
Kt
1.8

D/d = 1.02

1.4

1.0
0

0.05

0.10

0.15
r/d

0.20

0.25

0.30

(continued)

*Factors from R. E. Peterson, Design Factors for Stress Concentration, Machine Design, vol. 23, no. 2, February 1951, p. 169; no. 3, March
1951, p. 161, no. 5, May 1951, p. 159; no. 6, June 1951, p. 173; no. 7, July 1951, p. 155. Reprinted with permission from Machine Design,
a Penton Media Inc. publication.

1028

Mechanical Engineering Design

Table A15
Charts of Theoretical Stress-Concentration Factors K*t (Continued)
Figure A157

2.6
r

Round shaft with shoulder fillet

in tension. 0 = F/A, where
A = d 2/4.

2.2

Kt 1.8

D/d
=
1.0

1.50

1.10

1.4
1.02

1.0

Figure A158

3.0

Round shaft with shoulder fillet

in torsion. 0 = T c/J , where
c = d/2 and J = d 4/32.

2.6

0.05

0.10

0.15
r/d

0.20

0.25

0.30

r
d

D
T

2.2
Kts
1.8
1.20 1.33

D/d =
2

1.4

1.09

1.0
0

Figure A159

3.0

Round shaft with shoulder fillet

in bending. 0 = Mc/I , where
c = d/2 and I = d 4/64.

2.6

0.05

0.10

0.15
r/d

0.20

0.25

0.30

r
M

2.2
Kt
1.8

D/d

=3

1.5
1.4

1.10

1.02

1.05
1.0
0

0.05

0.10

0.15
r/d

0.20

0.25

0.30

Useful Tables

1029

Table A15
Charts of Theoretical Stress-Concentration Factors K *t (Continued)

Figure A1510

4.0
T
d

Round shaft in torsion with

transverse hole.

3.6

B A
3

J
D
dD2
c = 16 6 (approx)

Kts, A
Kts 3.2
Kts, B

2.8

2.4

Figure A1511

0.05

0.10

0.15
d/D

0.20

0.25

0.30

3.0
d

Round shaft in bending

with a transverse hole. 0 =
M/[( D 3/32) (d D 2/6)],
approximately.

2.6
M

2.2
Kt
1.8

1.4

1.0
0

Figure A1512
Plate loaded in tension by a
pin through a hole. 0 = F/A,
where A = (w d)t . When
clearance exists, increase Kt
35 to 50 percent. (M. M. Frocht
and H. N. Hill, StressConcentration Factors around
a Central Circular Hole in a
Plate Loaded through a Pin in
Hole, J. Appl. Mechanics,
vol. 7, no. 1, March 1940,
p. A-5.)

0.05

0.10

0.15
d/D

0.20

0.25

0.30

11
t
h

h/w = 0.35
w

F/2

F/2

Kt
5
F
h/w = 0.50
3
h/w $ 1.0
1

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4
d/w

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

(continued)

*Factors from R. E. Peterson, Design Factors for Stress Concentration, Machine Design, vol. 23, no. 2, February 1951, p. 169; no. 3, March
1951, p. 161, no. 5, May 1951, p. 159; no. 6, June 1951, p. 173; no. 7, July 1951, p. 155. Reprinted with permission from Machine Design, a
Penton Media Inc. publication.

1030

Mechanical Engineering Design

Table A15
Charts of Theoretical Stress-Concentration Factors K *t (Continued)

Figure A1513

3.0
r

1.15

Grooved round bar in tension.

0 = F/A, where A = d 2/4.

2.6
F

1.05

2.2
Kt
1.02

D/d = 1.50

1.8

1.4

1.0

Figure A1514

3.0

Grooved round bar in bending.

0 = Mc/l, where c = d/2
and I = d 4/64.

2.6

0.05

0.10

0.15
r /d

0.20

0.25

0.30

1.05
2.2
Kt
D/d = 1.50

1.02
1.8

1.4

1.0
0

Figure A1515

0.05

0.10

0.15
r /d

0.20

0.25

0.30

2.6
r

Grooved round bar in torsion.

0 = T c/J, where c = d/2 and
J = d 4/32.

2.2
D

1.8
1.05

Kts

D/d = 1.30
1.4
1.02
1.0
0

0.05

0.10

0.15
r/d

0.20

0.25

0.30

*Factors from R. E. Peterson, Design Factors for Stress Concentration, Machine Design, vol. 23, no. 2, February 1951, p. 169; no. 3, March 1951,
p. 161, no. 5, May 1951, p. 159; no. 6, June 1951, p. 173; no. 7, July 1951, p. 155. Reprinted with permission from Machine Design, a Penton
Media Inc. publication.

Useful Tables

1031

Table A15
Charts of Theoretical Stress-Concentration Factors K *t (Continued)
Figure A1516
a
r r

Round shaft with flat-bottom

groove in bending and/or
tension.
4F
32M
0 =
+
d 2
d 3

9.0

t
F

d
M

r
t
0.03

8.0

Source: W. D. Pilkey, Petersons

Stress-Concentration Factors,
2nd ed. John Wiley & Sons,
New York, 1997, p. 115.

7.0

0.04
0.05

6.0
0.07

Kt

0.10

5.0

0.15
0.20

4.0

0.40
0.60

3.0

1.00
2.0

1.0
0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.91.0

2.0

a/t

3.0

4.0

5.0 6.0

(continued)

1032

Mechanical Engineering Design

Table A15
Charts of Theoretical Stress-Concentration Factors K *t (Continued)
Figure A1517

r
t

Round shaft with flat-bottom

groove in torsion.
16T
0 =
d 3

Source: W. D. Pilkey, Petersons

Stress-Concentration Factors,
2nd ed. John Wiley & Sons,
New York, 1997, p. 133

6.0

r
t

5.0

0.03
0.04
4.0
0.06

Kts
3.0

0.10
0.20

2.0

1.0
0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.91.0

2.0
a/t

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0