Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
I.
II.
Pag.
Scop
Domeniu de aplicare
3
3
III.
Terminologie i abrevieri
IV.
Documente de referin
V.
VI.
8
14
ANEXE
Anexa 1
Anexa 2
Pag.
performante .........................................................................................................29
Anexa 3
Anexa 4
Anexa 5
Anexa 6
Anexa 7
Determinarea consumului tehnologic pentru diferite configuraii ale unei staii ..66
Anexa 8
Anexa 9
Anexa 10
Anexa 11
IMPORT
I4
EXPORT
G4
E4
IMPORT
I2
EXPORT CONSUM
G2
E2
IMPORT
I1
C2 220
EXPORT CONSUM
G1
E1
C1 110
CONSUM MT
GM
~
CM
7
400
220
110
MT
JT
CJ
CONSUM
JT
+ CM + CJ )
W110 = ( 5 + 5 + G1 + I1 ) ( E1 + C1 + 6 )
WMT = ( 6 + GM ) ( CM + 7 )
WJT = 7 CJ
Not:
5 soldul ntre energia intrat din RET prin (220 kV) n RED i cea ieit din RED spre 220 kV
5 soldul ntre energia intrat din RET prin (400 kV) n RED i cea ieit din RED spre 400 kV
Art.5. Simboluri
Wa energie electric activ;
Wr energie electric reactiv;
Wi energie electric activ intrat n contur;
We energie electric activ ieit din contur;
T perioada de analiz;
Wu energia electric vndut la tensiunea U;
W consum tehnologic de energie electric activ determinat din diferena energiilor
msurate:
W = Wi We
(1)
Wi We
100
Wi
(2)
Ws Wmed
100%
Wmed
(3)
(4)
Smed =
Wa 2 + Wr 2
T
(5)
Tmax =
(6)
kU =
S med Tmax
=
S max
T
WS
Pmax
timp de pierderi;
factor de pierdere:
* =
(7)
(8)
(9)
Not: Conform bibliografiei [1,2] i verificrilor fcute pe curbe de sarcin de distribuie din
SEN, n lipsa altor informaii ale OD obinute prin msurtori proprii, se poate considera:
(10)
Art.9. Bilanul real (post calcul) se ntocmete numai pentru energia electric activ, pe total RET
sau/i ST, total SED sau/i pe zone (foste sucursale), i/sau contururi de instalaii, lunar, trimestrial i
anual (anexa 9).
n ntocmirea bilanului, pentru o determinare ct mai corect a consumului propriu tehnologic
este necesar s se evidenieze (anexa 10):
schimburile de energie n ambele sensuri pe o categorie de elemente (de ex. AT 400/220 kV, AT
220/110 kV, TR 400/110 kV, etc) i nu numai soldul rezultat.
4
consumul realizat concentrat la barele unor staii de o anumit tensiune, spre deosebire de
consumul alimentat dup vehicularea energiei electrice prin reelele existente la tensiunea respectiv.
Art.10. Punctele de msurare ntre Operatorii de Transport, Operatorii de Distribuie i utilizatorii
reelelor de transport (RET) i/sau distribuie (RED) se stabilesc conform normelor n vigoare; de regul
n punctele de delimitare a instalaiilor.
Art.11. Analiza bilanului real pentru reelele de transport pe ansamblul SEN i pentru reelele de
distribuie a fiecrui SED i compararea realizrilor cu valori obinute prin postcalcul precum i cu cele
normate se face cel puin pentru un trimestru de regul, trimestrul IV al unui an, precum i pentru tot
anul.
Art.12. Postcalculul comport calculul pierderilor de putere i energie activ pe toate elementele
reelei analizate la tensiunile 400 kV, 220 kV, 110 kV pe baza citirilor orare ale puterilor activ, reactiv
i a tensiunii n zile caracteristice de lucru i srbtoare din lunile trimestrului analizat. Poate fi efectuat
pentru toate cele 24 ore sau pentru patru paliere zilnice caracteristice.
Art.13. Pentru staiile de 110 kV de grani ntre conturul reelelor de transport i
conturul reelelor de distribuie (110 kV, MT,JT) este se efectueaz balane de energie electric. Se
verific nchiderea balanei cu o abatere de maxim 0.5%. Dac abaterea nu se ncadreaz n limite se fac
corecii n conformitate cu reglementrile dintre OD i OTS.
Pentru celelalte bilanuri (staii de 400 kV, 220 kV, 110 kV etc.) eroarea admisibil de nchidere
se va determina innd seama de precizia grupurilor de msurare i a contoarelor. Determinarea abaterilor
se poate face cu relaiile:
i =1
2
+i
di2
(11)
(12)
n care:
+i =
2
2
TC
+ TT
+ C2i
i
i
(13)
TTi , TCi , Ci - sunt clasele de precizie ale transformatoarelor de msurare (tensiune, curent) i
contor;
5
Wi
100
Wtotal
(14)
S
P 2
P0T + Pscc max
P0 + scc
S pku + ( 1 p ) ku2
2 max
Sn = 1
Sn
T = 1
S maxTmax cos
ku Smax cos
(15)
Pentru estimarea randamentelor minime n liniile electrice sunt prezentate valori orientative ale
acestora n anexele 5.
Art.17. Cu referire la liniile electrice, pentru a stabili pierderea procentual maxim pe o linie cu
o anumit seciune (r0 i x0 date) i avnd corespunztor un curent maxim admisibil (limita termic)
Imax, se va avea n vedere c, n condiii normale, cderea maxim de tensiune admisibil este de 10 %.
Art. 18. (1) Lungimea maxim admisibil a liniei la va rezulta din:
a U
100 3
(16)
la =
a U
1
(17)
a
U
I max
100 ( r0 cos + x0 sin )
(18)
(19)
i deci:
( Wa ) max % =
=
Wa
100 =
Wa
3r0 a
UI max
1
100
100 ( r0 cos + x0 sin ) 3UI max cos Tmax
( Wa ) max =
r0 a
=
( r0 cos + x0 sin ) Tmax cos
p + ( 1 p ) ku
r0 a
r0 a
*
=
cos
( r0 cos + x0 sin ) ku cos ( r0 cos + x0 sin )
(20)
n care:
ku este factorul de umplere, definit conform formulei (7);
U n 10 %
aerian:
U n 10%
U n 10%
d Wa
max
) =0
(20a)
=0
2
Tmax
( r0 cos + x0 sin ) cos
Rezult:
r0 sin 2 + x0 cos 2 = 0
tg 2 =
x0
r0
(20b)
(5) Relaia (20) este valabil att pentru reelele de JT, ct i pentru cele de MT, n fapt tensiunea
reflectndu-se n Ia.
Art.19. (1) Se poate considera c, pentru o linie dat
( r0 , x0 , ku , I max ) ,
pierderea procentual
depinde de caracteristica curbei de sarcin ( Tmax , cos ) i de valoarea cderii de tensiune maxim admise
(evident, dependent i de lungimea liniei).
(2) Pentru cazul unor puncte de alimentare (n) considerate la distane egale i cu puterea total
S
absorbit repartizat egal Si = , pierderea maxim se obine la limit pentru considerarea unei
n
sarcini uniform distribuite. n acest caz pierderea de putere i de energie se poate considera pentru
ntreaga putere consumat la mijlocul liniei, i relaia (19) devine:
Wa 1
r0 a
Wa
2 ( r0 cos + x0 sin ) cos Tmax
(20c)
Rezult c, pentru o linie dat ( r0 , x0 , I max cunoscut ) i un consum caracterizat prin cos i Tmax ;
ku , pierderea procentual va varia ntre 0 i valoarea obinut cu condiia (20b).
n anexa 6 se prezint variaia pierderilor procentuale de energie pe liniile electrice radiale de JT,
MT i 110 kV, n funcie de seciune, cderea de tensiune admisibil i caracteristicile curbei de sarcin
( ku , Tmax , ) .
8
(3) Relaiile sunt valabile att pentru liniile electrice aeriene, ct i pentru liniile n cablu, cu
observaia c la liniile n cablu trebuie s se aib n vedere i pierderea de energie electric prin dielectric.
Aceasta este caracterizat prin tg , respectiv prin pierderea specific 0 .
tg =
p0
qc
(21)
Tmax
), cu un procent (unde: T este durata de funcionare).
T
p0lT
p lT
100 = 0 100
Smax cos Tmax
Wa
(22)
(23)
(24)
S max =
WS
;
Tmax
S med =
WS S maxTmax
=
;
T
T
I max =
WS
3UTmax
(25)
I med =
WS
S T
= max max
3UT
3UT
(26)
WS = R
2
S max
WS2
=
R
2
U2
U 2Tmax
(27)
2
2
WS2
Smax
Tmax
=
R
U 2T
U 2T
(28)
q=
Ws Wmed
100 =
Wmed
RWS2
U2
1
2
Tmax
T
T
100 = 2 1100
2
RWS
Tmax
2
U T
(29)
*
Considernd ku , conform formulelor (7,10) se poate evidenia aceast abatere :
T [ pku + (1 p) ku2 ]T
p + (1 p )ku
T
q = ( 2 1)100 =
1
100
=
100
Tmax
T 2 ku2
ku
(30)
Considernd valoarea lui ku cuprins ntre 0,35 (rural) i 0,80 (industrial)iar , pentru * o valoare
a lui p de 0,20 0,25.
se obine, orientativ, pentru q, valorile prezentate n anexa 3.
(2) Pentru transformatoare abaterea ntre pierderea de energie determinat, innd seama de curba
de sarcin (WS ) , i cea calculat considernd energia medie (Wmed ) , are expresia:
q=
Ws Wmed
100 =
Wmed
k=
= * T
care cu :
q=
k Ws2 * kU2
1
T 2 T
max
100
2
P W
P0T + scc2 s
SNT
PsccWs2
S N2
( S N2 T 2 + k Ws2 ) ku2
Pscc
P0
100
(31)
devine :
(32)
n anexa 4 sunt prezentate, orientativ, calcule pentru diverse tipuri de transformatoare MT/JT i
110/MT
10
(33)
Art.21. (1) Pentru toate bilanurile reale de energie electric activ, efectuate pe contururi,
valoarea obinut pentru consumul propriu tehnologic va fi comparat cu valoarea normat (prognozat).
Dac valoarea obinut real se ncadreaz n limitele (0,9 1,05) Wnormat, bilanul se consider
corespunztor.
(2) n caz contrar se procedeaz la analiza elementelor ansamblului, se verific corectitudinea
premizelor la stabilirea prognozei i se vor evidenia eventualele erori de msurare sau funcionarea
necorespunztoare a echipamentelor.
Art.22. Bilanurile reale pe contururi de instalaii vor fi utilizate i pentru determinarea
randamentului real n funcionarea instalaiilor respective, randament ce urmeaz a fi comparat cu cel
teoretic.
Pierderea procentual pe o categorie de echipament se determin lund n considerare suma
consumului tehnologic realizat pentru vehicularea energiei n ambele sensuri, care se raporteaz la suma
energiilor vehiculate n ambele sensuri (energiile intrate n contur).
Art.23. Prognoza consumului propriu tehnologic se realizeaz pe conturul instalaiilor fiecrui
operator de reea (de transport i de distribuie).
Pi2
Ui2
(37)
(38)
11
i
unde: PQ - pierderea de putere pe palierul i datorit vehiculrii puterii reactive;
R rezistena elementului;
Qi puterea reactiv vehiculat prin element;
Ui tensiunea.
(39)
Cunoscnd numrul de ore aferent fiecrui palier se determin pierderea de energie zilnic:
4
W( P +Q ) z = P(iP +Q ) n i
(40)
i =1
(41)
L( R )
unde: W( P +Q ) z - pierderea de energie corespunztoare zilei de lucru (L) sau repaus (R);
(42)
n care:
Wcorona = Pcorona mediu 24 Nzi I
unde: Pcorona mediu valoarea medie pe sistem a pierderilor n perioada analizat;
Nzi numrul total de zile din lun:
I lungimea liniei (km).
WAT(TR) = Pgol 24 Nzi
(43)
element.
Pe baza prognozei consumului i generrii pe centre cu tensiunea de 110 kV i mai mult, precum
i a structurii reelelor de transport i de 110 kV, se efectueaz calcule de regim pentru zile de lucru i
repaus, iarna i vara, pe paliere de gol de noapte, vrf dimineaa, gol de zi i vrf seara. Rezult pierderile
de putere pe tipuri de elemente i pe ansamblul reelei difereniate pe: pierderi n sarcin i mers n gol
(inclusiv corona).
innd seama de numrul de ore de realizare a fiecrui palier, se determin consumul propriu
tehnologic de energie.
n analiz se consider i reeaua de 110 kV ntruct aceasta influeneaz direct nivelul pierderilor
n reelele de 400 i 220 kV.
Art.27. Pentru o mai mare acuratee se aplic, n paralel cu calculul pe elemente de reea, i
calculul bilanului de energie electric, astfel:
- Se iau n considerare pierderile de energie procentuale raportate la energia vehiculat pe elementele
reelei de transport,
- Se ntocmete bilanul de energie electric pornind de la structura energiilor emise n reea la diferite
niveluri de tensiune i a energiei electrice vndute pe niveluri de tensiune (de la barele staiilor i prin
vehiculare n reeaua respectiv),
- Fluxurile de energie electric rezultate permit, prin considerarea pierderilor procentuale, determinarea
consumului propriu tehnologic pe elementele reelei de transport, care, prin nsumare, reprezint
consumul tehnologic total pe reelele de transport.
Art.28. Determinarea ante-calcul a CPT trimestrial n reeaua de transport
Stabilirea CPT trimestrial se face pe baza datelor statistice realizate n ultimii 5 ani i anume:
Wi
Wik
Wi
i Wik real aik
4
a
ik
abaterea fa de consumul tehnologic anual W = s ik
i
(44)
1
Sk =
n
sik ;
(45)
i=1
(46)
n care:
Wm consumul tehnologic n anul m
Art.29. n vederea stabilirii CPT ante-calcul este necesar s se cunoasc:
- procesele tehnologice lunare, trimestriale i anuale pe fiecare sucursal i RET;
- bilanurile de energie electric trimestriale i anuale, care permit localizarea pierderilor
i corelarea lor cu energiile vehiculate;
consumul tehnologic anual, respectiv trimestrial;
total surse (producie centrale + achiziii teri + import) ;
energia vehiculat (total surse consum tehnologic n centrale) ;
energia vndut (energia vehiculat consumul tehnologic n reelele respective);
lungimea reelelor 400kV, 220 kV ;
-
(47)
(48)
(49)
unde:
Wprimit RET
W110
WMT
Wimport
15
16
Art.36. Stabilirea postcalcul a consumului tehnologic pentru transformatoare pentru o anumit perioad
lun, trimestru, an se realizeaz diferit n staiile cu personal permanent fa de cele fr personal
permanent.
Art.36.1. Staii cu personal permanent (sau telecomandate)
a)
n baza citirilor orare: fie ale puterii active (P), respectiv (Q) i ale tensiunii (U) pe partea de
nalt tensiune (joas) tensiune, fie ale curentului (I), efectuate pentru o perioad dat, se
determin:
Wzij = 24Po +
PSCC 24 2
Pi + Qi2 ;
S N2
i =1
(50)
sau:
24
(51)
i =1
W = W zij ;
(52)
j =1
Pi 2 + Qi2 + P0
(53)
sau (3RT Ii2 + P0) cu ajutorul unor algoritme ntocmite pentru fiecare tip de transformator n parte.
n acest caz, prin nsumarea valorilor orare determinate, innd seama i de numrul de ore de
funcionare a transformatoarelor n zona considerat, se stabilete Wzij.
Apoi, prin nsumarea valorilor zilnice, se poate obine W pe perioada analizat (relaia 50).
Calculul consumului propriu tehnologic de energie se face utiliznd metoda timpului de pierderi:
( = * T)
Pentru se poate considera relaia * = p ku + (1-p)k2u, unde p este stabilit pe baza unor
msurtori de reea la consumuri caracteristice sau, n lipsa acestora, se va lua p = 0,2.
Art.36.2. Staii fr personal permanent
Consumul tehnologic va fi determinat cu relaia:
17
W = T P0i + Pmax ;
(54)
n care: Pmax este pierderea de putere pentru sarcina maxim realizat de ansamblul
transformatoarelor (exclusiv P0);
n numrul de transformatoare n funciune n staie;
- timpul de pierderi corespunztoare duratei de utilizare a puterii maxime sau
= * T, n care:
* este factorul de pierderi conform formulei (10).
Pentru determinarea lui aferent unor periode scurte (de exemplu, T1 ore/lun) se utilizeaz *
obinut direct prin formula (10) sau prin alte relaii de determinare a lui anual.
Dac n intervalul T numrul de transformatoare n funciune nu a fost acelai, WS se va
determina ca o sum, fiecare dintre termeni corespunznd unei configuraii (de exemplu, un
transformator
funciune
W1,
dou
transformatoare
funciune
W2, W1 + W2 = W).
Art.37. Stabilirea ante-calcul a CPT pentru transformatoare se efectueaz pe baza
consumul tehnologic realizat pentru staia respectiv n aceeai perioad a anului precedent. Aceasta
revine la o considerare a aceleai aluri a curbei de sarcin n anul de baz i n cel pentru care se
stabilete norma.
Art.38.
Dup
analiza
regimului
de
funcionare
realizat
al
transformatoarelor
(1)
02
n2(1)
T + P
( 2)
n02
02
n1
n1
P
T
P
T
1
n2( 2)
(1) (1)
(2) 92)
n2 S N 2 + n2 S N 2 W1
(1)
1med
2 med
( 2)
(55)
n anexa 7 se prezint relaia de calcul pentru diferite configuraii ale staiilor n anul 1 i 2.
(2) Pentru transformatoare cu trei nfurri
n acest caz, , este necesar cunoaterea pierderilor n scurtcircuit, la ncrcarea nominal, a
fiecrei perechi de nfurri, raportate la puterea nominal, respectiv:
PIT-MT, PMT-JT, PIT-JT
(56)
'
R1PIT' JT + R2 PIT' MT R3 PMT
JT
2 RK1
'
R2 PIT' JT + R3PIT' MT R1PMT
JT
2 RK 2
'
R3PIT' JT + R1PIT' MT R2 PMT
JT
2 RK 3
(57 a)
(57 b)
(57 c)
Valorile R1, R2, R3, RK1, RK2, RK3 sunt date n tabelul 8.
Considernd c staiile cu transformatoare cu 3 nfurri nu se mai dezvolt
(n1 =n2 i SN1 = SN2), valoarea consumului propriu tehnologic normat se poate obine cu relaia:
2
2
n1
'
2
n1
2
2
2
2
WMT
2 ( 1 + tg MT 2 ) + WJT 2 ( 1 + tg JT 2 )
2
2
2
WMT
1 ( 1 + tg MT 1 ) + WJT 1 ( 1 + tg JT 1 )
(58)
Dac nu se cunoate dect consumul propriu tehnologic total corespunztor unei ncrcri a
nfurrii primare egale cu cea nominal, se poate aproxima norma de consum propriu tehnologic prin
relaia:
19
n1
n1
(59)
Unde: WMT, WJT sunt energiile vehiculate pe medie tensiune, respectiv pe joas tensiune;
MT , JT (cos MT , cos JT ) factorul de putere mediu realizat pe medie tensiune, respectiv pe joas
tensiune.
20
Anexa 1
Transformatoare MT/JT
Randamente de energie electric valori orientative
Sn
P0
K u = 0, 6
K u = 0,5
K u = 0,3
[kVA]
Pscc
(industrie)
= 3574h
Tmax = 5256h
(urban)
= 2628h
Tmax = 4380h
(rural )
= 1156h
Tmax = 2628h
[kW ]
40
63
100
160
250
400
630
1000
min
max
min
max
min
max
P0 = 0.15
Pscc = 0.95
95.6
97.7
94.9
97.5
91.9
96.6
P0 = 0.18
Pscc = 0.98
94.8
97.4
94
97.1
90.3
96
P0 = 0.25
Pscc = 1.35
95.5
97.7
94.7
97.5
91.4
96.5
P0 = 0.3
Pscc = 1.5
94.6
97.3
93.6
97
89.8
95.8
P0 = 0.32
Pscc = 1.75
96.3
98.1
95.7
97.9
93.1
97.2
P0 = 0.36
Pscc = 2.3
95.8
97.7
95.1
97.6
92.2
96.7
P0 = 0.46
Pscc = 2.35
96.7
98.3
96.1
98.2
93.8
97.5
P0 = 0.52
Pscc = 3.1
96.2
98
95.6
97.9
93
97.1
P0 = 0.65
Pscc = 3.25
97
98.5
96.5
98.4
94.4
97.7
P0 = 1.3
Pscc = 3.2
94.3
97.5
93.3
97.2
89
95.83
P0 = 0.93
Pscc = 4.6
97.3
98.7
96.9
98.5
95
97.9
P0 = 1.5
Pscc = 3.8
95.9
98.2
95.1
98
92
96.9
P0 = 1.3
Pscc = 6.5
97.6
98.8
97.2
98.7
95.5
98.2
P0 = 1.6
Pscc = 5.8
97.1
98.7
96.6
98.5
94.6
97.8
P0 = 1.7
Pscc = 10.5
98
98.9
97.7
98.8
96.3
98.4
P0 = 2.1
Pscc = 12.5
97.6
98.7
97.1
98.6
95.4
98.1
21
Anexa 1 (continuare)
1600
P0 = 2.2
Pscc = 13.6
98.4
99.1
98.1
99.1
97
98.7
P0 = 3
Pscc = 20
97.8
98.8
97.4
98.7
95.9
98.3
Transformatoare MT/MT
Randamente de energie electric valori orientative
Sn
P0
K u = 0, 6
K u = 0,5
K u = 0,3
[kVA]
Pscc
(industrie)
= 3574h
Tmax = 5256h
(urban)
= 2628h
Tmax = 4380h
(rural )
= 1156h
Tmax = 2628h
[kW ]
min
max
min
max
min
max
98.2
99
97.9
99
96.7
98.6
2500
P0 = 3.8
Pscc = 24
98.3
99.1
98
99
96.9
98.7
4000
P0 = 5.75
Pscc = 33
98.6
99.2
98.3
99.2
97.4
98.9
6300
P0 = 7.5
Pscc = 50
22
Sn
[kVA]
Anexa 1 (continuare)
Transformatoare 110kV/MT
Randamente de energie electric valori orientative
P0
K u = 0, 6
K u = 0,8
K u = 0,5
Pscc
[kW ]
10000
16000
25000
40000
63000
Not.
(industrie)
= 5886h
Tmax = 7008h
(industrie
+urban)
= 3574h
Tmax = 5256h
(urban)
= 2628h
Tmax = 4380h
min
max
min
max
min
max
P0 = 11.5
Pscc = 60
98.9
99.4
98.7
99.3
98.4
99.2
P0 = 19
Pscc = 69
98.3
99.1
97.9
99
97.5
98.9
P0 = 11
Pscc = 86
99.3
99.5
99.1
99.5
99
99.5
P0 = 26
Pscc = 100
98.5
99.2
98.2
99.1
97.8
99
P0 = 17.5
Pscc = 132
99.3
99.5
99.1
99.5
99
99.5
P0 = 30
Pscc = 130
98.9
99.4
98.6
99.3
98.4
99.2
P0 = 31
Pscc = 170
99.3
99.5
99.1
99.5
98.9
99.5
P0 = 36
Pscc = 163
99.2
99.5
98.9
99.5
98.8
99.4
P0 = 28
Pscc = 275
99.5
99.6
99.4
99.6
99.3
99.6
P0 = 42
Pscc = 336
99.3
99.5
99.2
99.5
99
99.5
23
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
P0 = 0.18 kW
Pscc = 0.98 kW
P0 = 0.15 kW
Pscc = 0.95 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
9.58
5.1
3.75
3.17
2.91
2.81
2.79
2.83
2.91
3.02
0.9
8.51
4.53
3.33
2.82
2.59
2.5
2.48
2.52
2.59
2.68
1
7.66
4.08
3
2.54
2.33
2.25
2.23
2.27
2.33
2.41
cos
0.8
8.01
4.31
3.21
2.76
2.57
2.51
2.52
2.59
2.68
2.8
0.9
7.12
3.83
2.85
2.45
2.28
2.23
2.24
2.30
2.38
2.48
1
6.41
3.44
2.56
2.20
2.05
2.01
2.02
2.07
2.14
2.24
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
P0 = 0.18 kW
Pscc = 0.98 kW
P0 = 0.15 kW
Pscc = 0.95 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
11.43
5.99
4.30
3.54
3.16
2.97
2.89
2.87
2.90
2.96
0.9
10.16
5.32
3.82
3.15
2.81
2.64
2.57
2.55
2.58
2.63
cos
1
0.8
9.14
9.55
4.79
5.04
3.44
3.65
2.83
3.05
2.53
2.76
2.38
2.63
2.31
2.58
2.30
2.59
2.32
2.64
2.37
2.71
0.9
8.49
4.48
3.25
2.71
2.45
2.33
2.29
2.30
2.35
2.41
1
7.64
4.03
2.92
2.44
2.21
2.10
2.06
2.07
2.11
2.17
Anexa 2
Pierderi procentuale de energie activ n transformatoare MT/JT
40 kVA
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
Tmax=4380h,=2628h, ku=0.5
P0 = 0.18 kW
Pscc = 0.98 kW
P0 = 0.15 kW
Pscc = 0.95 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
18.8
9.64
6.65
5.22
4.42
3.93
3.62
3.42
3.29
3.22
0.9
16.78
8.57
5.91
4.64
3.93
3.49
3.21
3.04
2.93
2.86
cos
1
0.8
15.10 15.75
7.71
8.07
5.32
5.6
4.18
4.42
3.53
3.77
3.14
3.38
2.89
3.14
2.73
2.99
2.63
2.91
2.57
2.86
0.9
14
7.17
4.97
3.93
3.35
3.01
2.79
2.66
2.58
2.55
1
12.60
6.45
4.48
3.54
3.02
2.71
2.51
2.39
2.32
2.29
Tmax=2628h,=1156h, ku=0.3
24
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
P0 = 0.3 kW
Pscc = 1.5 kW
P0 = 0.25 kW
Pscc = 1.35 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
10.12
5.36
3.91
3.29
2.99
2.86
2.83
2.85
2.92
3.01
0.9
8.99
4.76
3.47
2.92
2.66
2.54
2.51
2.54
2.59
2.68
1
8.09
4.29
3.13
2.63
2.39
2.23
2.26
2.28
2.33
2.41
cos
0.8
8.44
4.49
3.30
2.79
2.56
2.47
2.45
2.49
2.55
2.64
0.9
7.51
3.99
2.93
2.48
2.27
2.19
2.18
2.21
2.27
2.35
1
6.75
3.59
2.64
2.23
2.05
1.97
1.96
1.99
2.04
2.11
P0 = 0.25 kW
Pscc = 1.35 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
Transformatoare
existente
0.8
12.08
6.31
4.50
3.69
3.27
3.05
2.95
2.91
2.93
2.97
0.9
10.74
5.60
4
3.28
2.91
2.71
2.62
2.59
2.60
2.64
Transformatoare
performante
cos
1
0.8
9.66 10.08
5.04
5.28
3.60
3.78
2.95
3.12
2.61
2.78
2.44
2.61
2.36
2.54
2.33
2.52
2.34
2.54
2.38
2.59
0.9
8.96
4.69
3.36
2.77
2.47
2.32
2.26
2.24
2.26
2.31
1
8.06
4.22
3.03
2.49
2.23
2.09
2.03
2.02
2.03
2.07
Anexa 2 (continuare)
63 kVA
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
P0 = 0.3 kW
Pscc = 1.5 kW
P0 = 0.25 kW
Pscc = 1.35 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
19.97
10.18
7
5.48
4.62
4.09
3.75
3.52
3.38
3.29
0.9
17.75
9.05
6.22
4.87
4.10
3.63
3.33
3.13
3
2.92
cos
1
0.8
15.97 16.65
8.14
8.50
5.60
5.86
4.38
4.60
3.69
3.89
3.27
3.46
3
3.18
2.82
3
2.70
2.89
2.63
2.83
0.9
14.8
7.55
5.21
4.09
3.46
3.07
2.83
2.67
2.57
2.51
Tmax=4380h,=2628h, ku=0.5
Tmax=2628h,=1156h, ku=0.3
1
13.32
6.80
4.69
3.68
3.11
2.77
2.54
2.40
2.31
2.26
25
Anexa 2 (continuare)
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
P0 = 0.32 kW
Pscc = 1.75 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
7.69
4.14
3.08
2.65
2.47
2.42
2.44
2.50
2.59
2.70
100 kVA
S/ Sn
P0 = 0.36 kW
Pscc = 2.3 kW
0.9
6.84
3.68
2.74
2.36
2.20
2.15
2.16
2.22
2.30
2.40
1
6.15
3.31
2.46
2.12
1.98
1.93
1.95
2
2.07
2.16
cos
0.8
6.81
3.63
2.66
2.26
2.07
2
1.99
2.02
2.07
2.15
0.9
6.05
3.22
2.37
2.01
1.84
1.78
1.77
1.79
1.84
1.91
1
5.45
2.90
2.13
1.80
1.66
1.60
1.59
1.61
1.66
1.72
P0 = 0.36 kW
Pscc = 2.3 kW
P0 = 0.32 kW
Pscc = 1.75 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
15.12
7.75
5.37
4.25
3.63
3.25
3.02
2.88
2.80
2.76
0.9
13.44
6.89
4.78
3.78
3.22
2.89
2.69
2.56
2.49
2.45
cos
1
0.8
12.10 13.43
6.20
6.85
4.30
4.73
3.40
3.71
2.90
3.14
2.60
2.8
2.42
2.57
2.30
2.43
2.24
2.34
2.21
2.29
0.9
11.93
6.09
4.20
3.30
2.79
2.48
2.29
2.16
2.08
2.04
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
P0 = 0.36 kW
Pscc = 2.36 kW
P0 = 0.32 kW
Pscc = 1.75 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
9.17
4.84
3.51
2.94
2.66
2.53
2.49
2.50
2.55
2.62
0.9
8.15
4.30
3.12
2.61
2.36
2.25
2.21
2.22
2.26
2.33
cos
1
0.8
7.33
8.13
3.87
4.26
2.81
3.06
2.35
2.52
2.13
2.25
2.02
2.12
1.99
2.06
2
2.05
2.04
2.07
2.1
2.11
0.9
7.22
3.78
2.72
2.24
2
1.88
1.83
1.82
1.84
1.87
1
6.50
3.41
2.44
2.02
1.80
1.69
1.64
1.64
1.65
1.69
Tmax=4380h,=2628h, ku=0.5
Tmax=2628h,=1156h, ku=0.3
1
10.74
5.48
3.78
2.97
2.51
2.24
2.06
1.94
1.87
1.83
26
Anexa 2 (continuare)
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
P0 = 0.46 kW
Pscc = 2.35 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
6.93
3.71
2.75
2.35
2.17
2.11
2.12
2.16
2.23
2.32
160 kVA
S/ Sn
P0 = 0.52 kW
Pscc = 3.1 kW
0.9
6.16
3.30
2.44
2.09
1.93
1.88
1.88
1.92
1.98
2.06
1
5.54
2.97
2.20
1.88
1.74
1.69
1.69
1.73
1.78
1.85
cos
0.8
6.11
3.24
2.37
1.99
1.82
1.74
1.73
1.74
1.78
1.84
0.9
5.43
2.88
2.10
1.77
1.62
1.55
1.53
1.55
1.59
1.64
1
4.89
2.59
1.89
1.59
1.45
1.39
1.38
1.39
1.43
1.47
P0 = 0.46 kW
Pscc = 2.35 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.9
12.13
6.20
4.29
3.38
2.88
2.57
2.38
2.26
2.19
2.15
cos
1
0.8
10.91 12.06
5.58
6.15
3.86
4.23
3.04
3.31
2.59
2.8
2.31
2.48
2.14
2.27
2.03
2.14
1.97
2.05
1.93
2
0.9
10.72
5.46
3.76
2.94
2.48
2.20
2.02
1.90
1.82
1.78
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
P0 = 0.46 kW
Pscc = 2.35 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
8.27
4.35
3.14
2.61
2.35
2.22
2.17
2.17
2.21
2.26
0.9
7.35
3.86
2.79
2.32
2.09
1.97
1.93
1.93
1.96
2.01
cos
1
0.8
6.61
7.29
3.48
3.81
2.51
2.72
2.09
2.23
1.88
1.98
1.78
1.85
1.74
1.79
1.74
1.78
1.76
1.79
1.81
1.82
0.9
6.48
3.39
2.42
1.98
1.76
1.65
1.59
1.58
1.59
1.61
1
5.83
3.05
2.18
1.79
1.59
1.48
1.43
1.42
1.43
1.45
Tmax=4380h,=2628h, ku=0.5
Tmax=2628h,=1156h, ku=0.3
P0 = 0.52 kW
Pscc = 3.1 kW
0.8
16.64
6.98
4.83
3.81
3.24
2.89
2.68
2.54
2.46
2.41
S/ Sn
P0 = 0.52 kW
Pscc = 3.1 kW
1
9.64
4.92
3.38
2.65
2.24
1.98
1.82
1.71
1.64
1.6
27
Anexa 2 (continuare)
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
P0 = 0.65 kW
Pscc = 3.25 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
10.94
5.63
3.93
3.14
2.71
2.45
2.30
2.22
2.18
2.17
250 kVA
S/ Sn
P0 = 1.3 kW
Pscc = 3.2 kW
0.9
9.72
5
3.5
2.79
2.40
2.18
2.05
1.97
1.94
1.93
1
8.75
4.5
3.15
2.51
2.16
1.96
1.84
1.78
1.74
1.73
cos
0.8
5.52
2.92
2.13
1.79
1.63
1.56
1.54
1.56
1.59
1.64
0.9
4.91
2.6
1.9
1.59
1.45
1.39
1.37
1.38
1.41
1.46
1
4.42
2.34
1.71
1.43
1.30
1.25
1.23
1.24
1.27
1.31
P0 = 0.65 kW
Pscc = 3.25 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.9
19.32
9.75
6.60
5.06
4.16
3.58
3.18
2.90
2.70
2.55
cos
1
0.8
17.39 10.9
8.77
5.56
5.94
3.82
4.55
2.99
3.74
2.52
3.22
2.23
2.87
2.04
2.61
1.92
2.43
1.84
2.29
1.79
0.9
9.69
4.94
3.4
2.66
2.24
1.98
1.82
1.71
1.64
1.59
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
P0 = 0.65 kW
Pscc = 3.25 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
13.09
6.69
4.62
3.63
3.08
2.74
2.52
2.39
2.30
2.26
0.9
11.64
5.94
4.10
3.23
2.73
2.43
2.24
2.12
2.05
2
cos
1
0.8
10.47 6.59
5.35
3.44
3.69
2.45
2.90
2.01
2.46
1.78
2.19
1.64
2.02
1.61
1.91
1.59
1.84
1.6
1.80
1.62
0.9
5.86
3.06
2.86
1.79
1.58
1.48
1.43
1.41
1.42
1.44
1
5.27
2.75
1.96
1.61
1.43
1.33
1.28
1.27
1.28
1.3
Tmax=4380h,=2628h, ku=0.5
Tmax=2628h,=1156h, ku=0.3
P0 = 1.3 kW
Pscc = 3.2 kW
0.8
21.73
10.97
7.43
5.69
4.68
4.03
3.58
3.27
3.04
2.87
S/ Sn
P0 = 1.3 kW
Pscc = 3.2 kW
1
8.72
4.44
3.06
2.39
2.01
1.78
1.63
1.54
1.47
1.43
28
Anexa 2 (continuare)
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
P0 = 0.93 kW
Pscc = 4.6 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
7.89
4.06
2.84
2.27
1.96
1.78
1.68
1.62
1.59
1.58
400 kVA
S/ Sn
P0 = 1.5 kW
Pscc = 3.8 kW
0.9
7.01
3.61
2.53
2.02
1.74
1.58
1.49
1.44
1.41
1.41
1
6.31
3.25
2.27
1.82
1.57
1.42
1.34
1.29
1.27
1.27
cos
0.8
4.94
2.61
1.90
1.6
1.45
1.39
1.37
1.38
1.41
1.46
0.9
4.39
2.32
1.69
1.42
1.29
1.23
1.22
1.23
1.26
1.29
1
3.95
2.09
1.52
1.28
1.16
1.11
1.10
1.11
1.13
1.16
P0 = 0.93 kW
Pscc = 4.6 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.9
13.93
7.03
4.76
3.65
3.01
2.59
2.30
2.10
1.96
1.85
cos
1
0.8
12.54 9.75
6.33
4.97
4.29
3.41
3.29
2.67
2.70
2.25
2.33
1.99
2.07
1.82
1.89
1.71
1.76
1.64
1.66
1.60
0.9
8.66
4.41
3.03
2.37
2
1.77
1.62
1.52
1.46
1.42
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
P0 = 0.93 kW
Pscc = 4.6 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
9.44
4.83
3.33
2.62
2.23
1.99
1.83
1.74
1.68
1.65
0.9
8.39
4.29
2.96
2.33
1.98
1.76
1.63
1.54
1.49
1.46
cos
1
0.8
7.55
5.89
3.86
3.07
2.67
2.19
2.10
1.79
1.78
1.59
1.59
1.48
1.47
1.43
1.39
1.41
1.34
1.42
1.32
1.44
0.9
5.24
2.73
1.95
1.59
1.41
1.32
1.27
1.25
1.26
1.28
1
4.71
2.46
1.75
1.43
1.27
1.18
1.14
1.13
1.13
1.15
Tmax=4380h,=2628h, ku=0.5
Tmax=2628h,=1156h, ku=0.3
P0 = 1.5 kW
Pscc = 3.8 kW
0.8
15.67
7.91
5.36
4.11
3.38
2.91
2.59
2.37
2.20
2.08
S/ Sn
P0 = 1.5 kW
Pscc = 3.8 kW
1
7.8
3.97
2.73
2.14
1.80
1.59
1.46
1.37
1.31
1.28
29
Anexa 2 (continuare)
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
P0 = 1.3 kW
Pscc = 6.5 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
5.36
2.80
1.99
1.63
1.44
1.35
1.30
1.28
1.29
1.31
630 kVA
S/ Sn
P0 = 1.6 kW
Pscc = 5.8 kW
0.9
4.77
2.49
1.77
1.45
1.28
1.20
1.15
1.14
1.14
1.16
1
4.29
2.24
1.59
1.30
1.16
1.08
1.04
1.03
1.03
1.04
cos
0.8
4.38
2.32
1.69
1.42
1.29
1.24
1.22
1.23
1.26
1.30
0.9
3.89
2.06
1.50
1.26
1.15
1.10
1.09
1.10
1.12
1.16
1
3.5
1.86
1.35
1.14
1.03
0.99
0.98
0.99
1.01
1.04
P0 = 1.3 kW
Pscc = 6.5 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.9
9.45
4.79
3.27
2.53
2.10
1.83
1.65
1.53
1.45
1.39
cos
1
0.8
8.5
8.65
4.31
4.41
2.94
3.03
2.27
2.37
1.89
2
1.65
1.77
1.49
1.62
1.38
1.52
1.30
1.46
1.25
1.42
0.9
7.69
3.92
2.69
2.11
1.78
1.57
1.44
1.35
1.30
1.26
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
P0 = 1.3 kW
Pscc = 6.5 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
6.41
3.31
2.32
1.86
1.61
1.47
1.39
1.34
1.32
1.32
0.9
5.7
2.94
2.06
1.65
1.43
1.30
1.23
1.19
1.17
1.17
cos
1
0.8
5.13
5.23
2.65
2.73
1.85
1.95
1.49
1.59
1.29
1.41
1.17
1.32
1.11
1.27
1.07
1.26
1.06
1.27
1.06
1.29
0.9
4.65
2.43
1.73
1.42
1.26
1.17
1.13
1.12
1.12
1.14
1
4.18
2.18
1.56
1.27
1.13
1.05
1.02
1.01
1.01
1.03
Tmax=4380h,=2628h, ku=0.5
Tmax=2628h,=1156h, ku=0.3
P0 = 1.6 kW
Pscc = 5.8 kW
0.8
10.63
5.39
3.67
2.84
2.37
2.06
1.86
1.72
1.63
1.56
S/ Sn
P0 = 1.6 kW
Pscc = 5.8 kW
1
6.92
3.53
2.42
1.90
1.60
1.41
1.3
1.22
1.17
1.14
30
Anexa 2 (continuare)
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
P0 = 2.1 kW
Pscc = 12.5 kW
P0 = 1.7 kW
Pscc = 10.5 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
4.48
2.4
1.77
1.51
1.40
1.36
1.36
1.39
1.44
1.5
1000 kVA
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.9
3.98
2.13
1.58
1.35
1.25
1.21
1.21
1.24
1.28
1.33
1
3.58
1.92
1.42
1.21
1.12
1.09
1.09
1.11
1.15
1.2
cos
0.8
3.63
1.94
1.44
1.24
1.15
1.12
1.13
1.15
1.19
1.24
0.9
3.22
1.73
1.28
1.10
1.02
1
1
1.02
1.06
1.10
1
2.90
1.55
1.15
0.99
0.92
0.90
0.90
0.92
0.95
0.99
P0 = 1.7 kW
Pscc = 10.5 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.9
7.83
4.01
2.77
2.18
1.86
1.66
1.53
1.46
1.41
1.38
cos
1
0.8
7.05
7.14
3.61
3.65
2.49
2.53
1.97
2
1.67
1.7
1.49
1.52
1.38
1.41
1.31
1.34
1.27
1.30
1.25
1.28
0.9
6.34
3.25
2.25
1.77
1.51
1.35
1.25
1.19
1.16
1.14
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
P0 = 1.7 kW
Pscc = 10.5 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
5.34
2.81
2.03
1.68
1.51
1.43
1.40
1.40
1.42
1.46
0.9
4.75
2.5
1.80
1.5
1.35
1.27
1.25
1.25
1.26
1.3
cos
1
0.8
4.27
4.32
2.25
2.28
1.62
1.65
1.35
1.37
1.21
1.24
1.15
1.18
1.12
1.15
1.12
1.16
1.14
1.18
1.17
1.21
0.9
3.84
2.02
1.46
1.22
1.10
1.05
1.03
1.03
1.05
1.07
1
3.46
1.82
1.32
1.10
0.99
0.94
0.92
0.92
0.94
0.97
Tmax=4380h,=2628h, ku=0.5
Tmax=2628h,=1156h, ku=0.3
P0 = 2.1 kW
Pscc = 12.5 kW
0.8
8.81
4.51
3.12
2.46
2.09
1.87
1.73
1.64
1.59
1.56
S/ Sn
P0 = 2.1 kW
Pscc = 12.5 kW
1
5.71
2.92
2.02
1.60
1.36
1.22
1.13
1.07
1.04
1.02
31
Anexa 2 (continuare)
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
P0 = 3 kW
Pscc = 20 kW
P0 = 2.2 kW
Pscc = 13.6 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
4.01
2.16
1.62
1.40
1.31
1.28
1.30
1.33
1.39
1.45
1600 kVA
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.9
3.56
1.92
1.44
1.24
1.16
1.14
1.15
1.19
1.23
1.29
1
3.21
1.73
1.29
1.12
1.05
1.03
1.04
1.07
1.11
1.16
cos
0.8
2.93
1.57
1.17
1
0.93
0.91
0.91
0.93
0.96
1
0.9
2.61
1.40
1.04
0.89
0.83
0.81
0.81
0.83
0.86
0.89
1
2.34
1.26
0.93
0.80
0.74
0.72
0.73
0.74
0.77
0.80
P0 = 2.2 kW
Pscc = 13.6 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.9
7
3.59
2.49
1.98
1.69
1.52
1.42
1.35
1.32
1.30
cos
1
0.8
6.3
5.77
3.23
2.95
2.24
2.05
1.78
1.61
1.52
1.38
1.37
1.23
1.27
1.14
1.22
1.09
1.18
1.05
1.17
1.04
0.9
5.13
2.62
1.82
1.43
1.22
1.09
1.01
0.96
0.94
0.92
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
P0 = 2.2 kW
Pscc = 13.6 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
4.78
2.53
1.84
1.54
1.40
1.34
1.32
1.33
1.36
1.40
0.9
4.25
2.25
1.63
1.37
1.25
1.19
1.17
1.18
1.21
1.25
cos
1
0.8
3.82
3.5
2.02
1.84
1.47
1.33
1.23
1.11
1.12
1
1.07
0.95
1.06
0.93
1.06
0.94
1.09
0.95
1.12
0.98
0.9
3.11
1.64
1.18
0.99
0.89
0.84
0.83
0.83
0.85
0.87
1
2.80
1.47
1.07
0.89
0.80
0.76
0.75
0.75
0.76
0.78
Tmax=4380h,=2628h, ku=0.5
Tmax=2628h,=1156h, ku=0.3
P0 = 3 kW
Pscc = 20 kW
0.8
7.88
4.04
2.81
2.22
1.90
1.71
1.59
1.52
1.48
1.46
S/ Sn
P0 = 3 kW
Pscc = 20 kW
1
4.62
2.36
1.64
1.29
1.10
0.98
0.91
0.87
0.84
0.83
32
Anexa 2 (continuare)
Pierderi procentuale de energie activ n transformatoare MT/MT
2500 kVA
P0 = 3.8 kW
Pscc = 24 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
Transformatoare
existente
cos
0.8
0.9
1
3.24
2.88
2.59
1.74
1.55
1.39
1.3
1.15
1.04
1.11
0.99
0.89
1.04
0.92
0.83
1.01
0.90
0.81
1.02
0.91
0.81
1.04
0.93
0.83
1.08
0.96
0.86
1.13
1
0.90
Tmax
=5256h,
=3574h,
ku=0.6
Tmax=4380h,
=2628h,
ku=0.5
P0 = 3.8 kW
Pscc = 24 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
Transformatoare
existente
cos
0.8
0.9
1
3.87
3.44
3.09
2.04
1.81
1.63
1.48
1.31
1.18
1.23
1.1
0.99
1.12
0.99
0.89
1.06
0.94
0.85
1.04
0.93
0.83
1.05
0.93
0.84
1.07
0.95
0.85
1.1
0.97
0.88
P0 = 3.8 kW
Pscc = 24 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
Transformatoare
existente
cos
0.8
0.9
1
6.38
5.67
5.1
3.27
2.90
2.61
2.26
2.01
1.81
1.79
1.59
1.43
1.53
1.36
1.22
1.37
1.22
1.09
1.27
1.13
1.01
1.21
1.07
0.97
1.17
1.04
0.94
1.16
1.03
0.92
Tmax=2628h,=1156h, ku=0.3
33
P0 = 5.75 kW
Pscc = 33 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
Transformatoare
existente
cos
0.8
0.9
1
3.06
2.72
2.45
1.63
1.45
1.31
1.20
1.07
0.96
1.02
0.91
0.82
0.95
0.84
0.76
0.92
0.81
0.73
0.91
0.81
0.73
0.93
0.83
0.74
0.96
0.85
0.77
1
0.89
0.80
Anexa 2
(continuare)
4000 kVA
Tmax =5256h,
=3574h, ku=0.6
Tmax=4380h,=2628h,
ku=0.5
P0 = 5.75 kW
Pscc = 33 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
Transformatoare
existente
cos
0.8
0.9
1
3.65
3.24
2.92
1.92
1.70
1.53
1.38
1.23
1.10
1.14
1.01
0.91
1.02
0.91
0.82
0.97
0.86
0.77
0.94
0.84
0.75
0.94
0.83
0.75
0.95
0.85
0.76
0.97
0.86
0.78
P0 = 5.75 kW
Pscc = 33 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
Transformatoare
existente
cos
0.8
0.9
1
6.03
5.36
4.82
3.08
2.74
2.46
2.13
1.89
1.70
1.67
1.49
1.34
1.42
1.26
1.14
1.27
1.12
1.01
1.17
1.04
0.93
1.11
0.98
0.88
1.07
0.95
0.85
1.05
0.93
0.84
Tmax=2628h,=1156h, ku=0.3
34
P0 = 7.5 kW
Pscc = 50 kW
P0 = 7.5 kW
Pscc = 50 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
Transformatoare
existente
cos
0.8
0.9
1
2.54
2.26
2.03
1.37
1.22
1.1
1.02
0.91
0.82
0.89
0.79
0.71
0.83
0.74
0.66
0.81
0.72
0.65
0.82
0.73
0.66
0.85
0.75
0.68
0.88
0.78
0.70
0.92
0.82
0.73
S/ Sn
Anexa 2
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
Transformatoare
existente
cos
0.8
0.9
1
3.03
2.69
2.42
1.60
1.42
1.28
1.17
1.04
0.93
0.98
0.87
0.78
0.89
0.79
0.71
0.85
0.75
0.68
0.84
0.74
0.67
0.84
0.75
0.67
0.86
0.77
0.69
0.89
0.79
0.71
(continuare)
6300 kVA
Tmax =5256h, =3574h, ku=0.6
Tmax=4380h,=2628h, ku=0.5
P0 = 7.5 kW
Pscc = 50 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
Transformatoare
existente
cos
0.8
0.9
1
5
4.44
4
2.56
2.28
2.05
1.78
1.58
1.42
1.41
1.25
1.13
1.21
1.07
0.96
1.08
0.96
0.87
1.01
0.90
0.81
0.96
0.86
0.77
0.94
0.83
0.75
0.93
0.82
0.74
Tmax=2628h,=1156h, ku=0.3
35
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
P0 = 19 kW
Pscc = 69 kW
P0 = 11.5 kW
Pscc = 60 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
3.04
1.62
1.20
1.03
0.95
0.92
0.93
0.95
0.98
1.02
0.9
2.70
1.44
1.07
0.91
0.85
0.82
0.82
0.84
0.87
0.90
1
2.43
1.30
0.96
0.82
0.76
0.74
0.75
0.76
0.78
0.81
cos
0.8
1.86
1.02
0.78
0.70
0.67
0.67
0.69
0.72
0.76
0.81
0.9
1.65
0.91
0.7
0.62
0.59
0.60
0.62
0.64
0.68
0.72
1
1.48
0.82
0.63
0.56
0.53
0.54
0.55
0.58
0.61
0.64
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
P0 = 19 kW
Pscc = 69 kW
P0 = 11.5 kW
Pscc = 60 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
4.01
2.09
1.49
1.22
1.08
1.01
0.97
0.96
0.96
0.98
0.9
3.57
1.86
1.32
1.08
0.96
0.89
0.86
0.85
0.86
0.87
cos
1
0.8
3.21
2.44
1.67
1.3
1.19
0.95
0.97
0.80
0.86
0.73
0.80
0.70
0.78
0.69
0.77
0.70
0.77
0.72
0.78
0.75
0.9
2.17
1.15
0.84
0.71
0.65
0.62
0.62
0.62
0.64
0.66
1
1.95
1.04
0.76
0.64
0.58
0.56
0.55
0.56
0.58
0.6
Anexa 2 (continuare)
Pierderi procentuale de energie activ n transformatoare 110kV/MT
10000 kVA
Tmax =7008h, =5886h, ku=0.8
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
Tmax=5256h,=3574h, ku=0.6
P0 = 19 kW
Pscc = 69 kW
P0 = 11.5 kW
Pscc = 60 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
4.8
2.47
1.73
1.39
1.20
1.10
1.04
1
0.99
0.99
0.9
4.26
2.20
1.54
1.24
1.07
0.98
0.92
0.89
0.88
0.88
cos
1
0.8
3.84
2.92
1.98
1.52
1.39
1.09
1.11
0.89
0.96
0.8
0.88
0.74
0.83
0.72
0.80
0.71
0.79
0.72
0.79
0.73
0.9
2.59
1.35
0.97
0.79
0.71
0.66
0.64
0.63
0.64
0.65
1
2.33
1.22
0.87
0.71
0.64
0.59
0.58
0.57
0.58
0.59
Tmax=4380h,=2628h, ku=0.5
36
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
P0 = 26 kW
Pscc = 100 kW
P0 = 11 kW
Pscc = 86 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
2.60
1.40
1.04
0.89
0.83
0.81
0.82
0.84
0.87
0.91
0.9
2.31
1.24
0.92
0.79
0.74
0.72
0.73
0.74
0.77
0.80
1
2.08
1.12
0.83
0.71
0.66
0.65
0.65
0.67
0.69
0.72
cos
0.8
1.13
0.65
0.52
0.49
0.49
0.51
0.54
0.58
0.62
0.67
0.9
1
0.57
0.46
0.43
0.44
0.46
0.48
0.52
0.55
0.59
1
0.90
0.52
0.42
0.39
0.39
0.41
0.43
0.46
0.50
0.53
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
P0 = 26 kW
Pscc = 100 kW
P0 = 11 kW
Pscc = 86 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
3.43
1.79
1.28
1.05
0.94
0.88
0.85
0.84
0.85
0.87
0.9
3.05
1.59
1.14
0.94
0.83
0.78
0.76
0.75
0.75
0.77
cos
1
0.8
2.75
1.47
1.43
0.80
1.03
0.61
0.84
0.54
0.75
0.51
0.70
0.51
0.68
0.52
0.67
0.54
0.68
0.57
0.69
0.6
0.9
1.31
0.71
0.54
0.48
0.45
0.45
0.46
0.48
0.50
0.53
1
1.18
0.64
0.49
0.43
0.41
0.41
0.42
0.43
0.45
0.48
Anexa 2 (continuare)
16000 kVA
Tmax =7008h, =5886h, ku=0.8
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
Tmax=5256h,=3574h, ku=0.6
P0 = 26 kW
Pscc = 100 kW
P0 = 11 kW
Pscc = 86 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
4.1
2.12
1.49
1.20
1.04
0.95
0.90
0.88
0.87
0.87
0.9
3.65
1.88
1.32
1.06
0.93
0.85
0.80
0.78
0.77
0.77
cos
1
0.8
3.28
1.75
1.7
0.94
1.19
0.69
0.96
0.59
0.83
0.54
0.76
0.52
0.72
0.52
0.70
0.53
0.69
0.55
0.7
0.57
0.9
1.56
0.83
0.61
0.52
0.48
0.47
0.46
0.47
0.49
0.51
1
1.40
0.75
0.55
0.47
0.43
0.42
0.42
0.43
0.44
0.46
Tmax=4380h,=2628h, ku=0.5
37
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
P0 = 30 kW
Pscc = 130 kW
P0 = 17.5 kW
Pscc = 132 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
1.93
1.04
0.78
0.68
0.64
0.64
0.65
0.67
0.7
0.73
0.9
1.71
0.93
0.70
0.61
0.57
0.56
0.57
0.59
0.62
0.65
1
1.54
0.83
0.63
0.55
0.51
0.51
0.52
0.53
0.56
0.58
cos
0.8
1.14
0.65
0.53
0.49
0.49
0.51
0.54
0.58
0.62
0.66
0.9
1.02
0.58
0.47
0.44
0.44
0.45
0.48
0.51
0.55
0.59
1
0.91
0.52
0.42
0.39
0.39
0.41
0.43
0.46
0.49
0.53
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
P0 = 30 kW
Pscc = 130 kW
P0 = 17.5 kW
Pscc = 132 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
2.54
1.33
0.96
0.80
0.72
0.68
0.66
0.66
0.67
0.69
0.9
2.26
1.19
0.85
0.71
0.64
0.60
0.59
0.59
0.60
0.61
cos
1
0.8
2.03
1.5
1.07
0.81
0.77
0.62
0.64
0.54
0.57
0.51
0.54
0.51
0.53
0.52
0.53
0.54
0.54
0.56
0.55
0.59
0.9
1.33
0.72
0.55
0.48
0.45
0.45
0.46
0.48
0.50
0.52
1
1.20
0.65
0.49
0.43
0.41
0.41
0.41
0.43
0.45
0.47
Anexa 2 (continuare)
25000 kVA
Tmax =7008h, =5886h, ku=0.8
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
Tmax=5256h,=3574h, ku=0.6
P0 = 30 kW
Pscc = 130 kW
P0 = 17.5 kW
Pscc = 132 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
3.03
1.57
1.11
0.90
0.79
0.73
0.70
0.68
0.68
0.69
0.9
2.70
1.40
0.99
0.80
0.70
0.65
0.62
0.61
0.60
0.61
cos
1
0.8
2.43
1.79
1.26
0.95
0.89
0.70
0.72
0.59
0.63
0.54
0.58
0.52
0.56
0.52
0.55
0.53
0.54
0.55
0.55
0.57
0.9
1.59
0.84
0.62
0.53
0.48
0.47
0.46
0.47
0.49
0.50
Tmax=4380h,=2628h, ku=0.5
1
1.43
0.76
0.56
0.47
0.43
0.42
0.42
0.42
0.44
0.45
38
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
P0 = 36 kW
Pscc = 163 kW
P0 = 31 kW
Pscc = 170 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
1.44
0.78
0.59
0.52
0.49
0.49
0.5
0.51
0.54
0.56
0.9
1.28
0.70
0.53
0.46
0.44
0.43
0.44
0.46
0.48
0.50
1
1.15
0.63
0.47
0.41
0.39
0.39
0.4
0.41
0.43
0.45
cos
0.8
1.25
0.69
0.53
0.48
0.46
0.47
0.48
0.50
0.53
0.56
0.9
1.11
0.61
0.47
0.42
0.41
0.41
0.43
0.45
0.47
0.50
1
1
0.55
0.43
0.38
0.37
0.37
0.38
0.40
0.42
0.45
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
P0 = 36 kW
Pscc = 163 kW
P0 = 31 kW
Pscc = 170 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
1.91
1
0.72
0.60
0.54
0.52
0.51
0.51
0.52
0.53
0.9
1.69
0.89
0.64
0.54
0.48
0.46
0.45
0.45
0.46
0.47
cos
1
0.8
1.52
1.65
0.80
0.88
0.58
0.64
0.48
0.54
0.43
0.50
0.41
0.48
0.40
0.48
0.40
0.49
0.41
0.50
0.42
0.52
0.9
1.46
0.78
0.57
0.48
0.44
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.44
0.46
1
1.32
0.70
0.51
0.43
0.40
0.38
0.38
0.39
0.40
0.41
Anexa 2 (continuare)
40000 kVA
Tmax =7008h, =5886h, ku=0.8
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
Tmax=5256h,=3574h, ku=0.6
P0 = 36 kW
Pscc = 163 kW
P0 = 31 kW
Pscc = 170 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
2.28
1.18
0.84
0.68
0.60
0.55
0.53
0.52
0.52
0.53
0.9
2.02
1.05
0.74
0.60
0.53
0.49
0.47
0.46
0.46
0.47
cos
1
0.8
1.82
1.96
0.94
1.03
0.67
0.74
0.54
0.61
0.48
0.54
0.44
0.51
0.42
0.5
0.42
0.49
0.42
0.50
0.42
0.51
0.9
1.75
0.91
0.65
0.54
0.48
0.45
0.44
0.44
0.44
0.45
Tmax=4380h,=2628h, ku=0.5
1
1.57
0.82
0.59
0.49
0.43
0.41
0.4
0.39
0.40
0.41
39
Anexa 2 (continuare)
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
P0 = 42 kW
Pscc = 336 kW
P0 = 28 kW
Pscc = 275 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
1.09
0.63
0.51
0.48
0.48
0.51
0.54
0.57
0.62
0.66
0.9
0.97
0.56
0.45
0.43
0.43
0.45
0.48
0.51
0.55
0.59
1
0.87
0.50
0.41
0.38
0.39
0.40
0.43
0.46
0.49
0.53
cos
0.8
0.74
0.43
0.36
0.35
0.36
0.39
0.42
0.45
0.49
0.52
0.9
0.65
0.39
0.38
0.31
0.32
0.34
0.37
0.40
0.43
0.46
1
0.59
0.35
0.29
0.28
0.29
0.31
0.33
0.36
0.39
0.42
63000 kVA
Tmax =7008h, =5886h, ku=0.8
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
P0 = 28 kW
Pscc = 275 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.9
1.51
0.81
0.6
0.51
0.47
0.46
0.46
0.47
0.48
0.50
cos
1
0.8
1.36
1.14
0.73
0.62
0.54
0.46
0.46
0.40
0.42
0.38
0.41
0.38
0.41
0.38
0.42
0.40
0.43
0.41
0.45
0.43
0.9
1.01
0.55
0.41
0.36
0.34
0.33
0.34
0.35
0.37
0.39
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
P0 = 28 kW
Pscc = 275 kW
Transformatoare
existente
Transformatoare
performante
0.8
1.43
0.78
0.59
0.52
0.50
0.50
0.51
0.53
0.56
0.59
0.9
1.27
0.69
0.53
0.47
0.44
0.44
0.45
0.47
0.5
0.52
cos
1
0.8
1.14
0.96
0.62
0.53
0.47
0.42
0.42
0.38
0.40
0.37
0.40
0.37
0.41
0.39
0.42
0.41
0.45
0.43
0.47
0.46
0.9
0.85
0.47
0.37
0.33
0.33
0.33
0.34
0.36
0.38
0.41
1
0.77
0.43
0.33
0.30
0.29
0.30
0.31
0.33
0.34
0.37
Tmax=5256h,=3574h, ku=0.6
P0 = 42 kW
Pscc = 336 kW
0.8
1.70
0.91
0.67
0.57
0.53
0.51
0.51
0.52
0.54
0.56
S/ Sn
P0 = 42 kW
Pscc = 336 kW
Tmax=4380h,=2628h, ku=0.5
Anexa 3
1
0.91
0.49
0.37
0.32
0.30
0.30
0.31
0.32
0.33
0.35
40
Tmax
ku
p=0.2
p=0.2
2628
0.30
47
70
3066
0.35
37
56
3502
0.40
30
45
4380
0.50
20
30
Anexa 4
7008
0.80
5
7
Tmax=4380 h
Tmax=2628 h
t=3574 h
ku = 0.6
t=2628h
ku = 0.5
t=1156 h
ku = 0.3
7884
0.90
2
3
8760
1
0
0
P0 = 0.15 kW
Pscc = 0.95 kW
0.29
1.11
2.27
3.56
4.84
6
7.03
7.91
8.64
9.26
0.31
1.19
2.49
4.04
5.67
7.26
8.73
10.06
11.23
12.25
0.26
1.03
2.27
3.89
5.81
7.93
10.18
12.46
14.72
16.92
Tmax=5256 h
Tmax=4380 h
Tmax=2628 h
t=3574 h
ku = 0.6
t=2628h
ku = 0.5
t=1156 h
ku = 0.3
P0 = 0.18 kW
Pscc = 0.98 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
6132
0.70
8
10
Tmax=5256 h
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
5256
0.60
13
20
0.25
0.96
1.99
3.18
4.38
5.51
6.53
7.41
8.17
8.82
0.26
1.03
2.18
3.57
5.07
6.57
8
9.31
10.48
11.52
0.22
0.89
1.96
3.39
5.08
6.99
9.02
11.13
13.24
15.33
Valorile
40 kVA
41
Tmax=5256 h
Tmax=4380 h
Tmax=2628 h
t=3574 h
ku = 0.6
t=2628h
ku = 0.5
t=1156 h
ku = 0.3
P0 = 0.25 kW
Pscc = 1.35 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.25
0.96
1.98
3.16
4.36
5.48
6.50
7.39
8.15
8.80
0.26
1.02
2.16
3.55
5.04
6.54
7.96
9.27
10.44
11.48
0.22
0.88
1.95
3.36
5.05
6.94
8.96
11.06
13.17
15.24
Tmax=5256 h
Tmax=4380 h
Tmax=2628 h
t=3574 h
ku = 0.6
t=2628h
ku = 0.5
t=1156 h
ku = 0.3
P0 = 0.3 kW
Pscc = 1.5 kW
S/ Sn
Anexa 4
(continuare)
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.23
0.89
1.85
2.98
4.13
5.24
6.24
7.13
7.90
8.57
0.24
0.95
2.02
3.33
4.76
6.20
7.59
8.88
10.06
11.11
0.20
0.82
1.81
3.13
4.71
6.5
8.42
10.42
12.45
14.47
63 kVA
42
Tmax=5256 h
Tmax=4380 h
Tmax=2628 h
t=3574 h
ku = 0.6
t=2628h
ku = 0.5
t=1156 h
ku = 0.3
P0 = 0.32 kW
Pscc = 1.75 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.25
0.97
2
3.19
4.39
5.52
6.54
7.43
8.19
8.84
0.27
1.03
2.19
3.59
5.09
6.59
8.02
9.33
10.51
11.55
0.22
0.9
1.97
3.40
5.10
7.01
9.06
11.16
13.29
15.37
Tmax=5256 h
Tmax=4380 h
Tmax=2628 h
t=3574 h
ku = 0.6
t=2628h
ku = 0.5
t=1156 h
ku = 0.3
P0 = 0.36 kW
Pscc = 2.3 kW
S/ Sn
Anexa 4
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.3
1.12
2.28
3.58
4.86
6.03
7.06
7.93
8.67
9.29
0.31
1.20
2.51
4.07
5.70
7.30
8.78
10.11
11.28
12.29
0.26
1.04
2.29
3.92
5.86
7.99
10.24
12.54
14.81
17.02
(continuare)
100 kVA
43
Tmax=5256 h
Tmax=4380 h
Tmax=2628 h
t=3574 h
ku = 0.6
t=2628h
ku = 0.5
t=1156 h
ku = 0.3
P0 = 0.46 kW
Pscc = 2.35 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.24
0.91
1.89
3.03
4.19
5.31
6.31
7.20
7.97
9.63
0.25
0.97
2.06
3.39
4.84
6.29
7.69
8.99
10.17
11.21
0.21
0.84
1.85
3.19
4.80
6.62
8.57
10.60
12.65
14.68
Tmax=5256 h
Tmax=4380 h
Tmax=2628 h
t=3574 h
ku = 0.6
t=2628h
ku = 0.5
t=1156 h
ku = 0.3
P0 = 0.52 kW
Pscc = 3.1 kW
S/ Sn
Anexa 4
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.28
1.05
2.15
3.40
4.65
5.81
6.83
7.71
8.46
9.09
0.29
1.12
2.36
3.85
5.42
6.98
8.44
9.76
10.93
11.96
0.24
0.98
2.14
3.68
5.51
7.54
9.70
11.91
14.12
16.28
(continuare)
160 kVA
44
Tmax=5256 h
Tmax=4380 h
Tmax=2628 h
t=3574 h
ku = 0.6
t=2628h
ku = 0.5
t=1156 h
ku = 0.3
P0 = 0.65 kW
Pscc = 3.25 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.23
0.89
1.85
2.98
4.13
5.24
6.24
7.13
7.90
8.57
0.24
0.95
2.02
3.33
4.76
6.20
7.59
8.88
10.06
11.11
0.20
0.82
1.81
3.13
4.71
6.5
8.42
10.42
12.45
14.47
Tmax=5256 h
Tmax=4380 h
Tmax=2628 h
t=3574 h
ku = 0.6
t=2628h
ku = 0.5
t=1156 h
ku = 0.3
P0 = 1.3 kW
Pscc = 3.2 kW
S/ Sn
Anexa 4
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.11
0.45
0.98
1.65
2.41
3.22
4.03
4.82
5.57
6.26
0.12
0.48
1.05
1.79
2.66
3.62
4.63
5.65
6.65
7.61
0.10
0.41
0.91
1.59
2.44
3.44
4.56
5.79
7.09
8.45
(continuare)
250 kVA
45
Tmax=5256 h
Tmax=4380 h
Tmax=2628 h
t=3574 h
ku = 0.6
t=2628h
ku = 0.5
t=1156 h
ku = 0.3
P0 = 0.93 kW
Pscc = 4.6 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.23
0.88
1.84
2.95
4.10
5.20
6.21
7.1
7.87
8.53
0.24
0.94
2
3.30
4.72
6.16
7.54
8.83
10
11.05
0.20
0.81
1.79
3.1
4.66
6.44
8.34
10.33
12.35
14.36
Tmax=5256 h
Tmax=4380 h
Tmax=2628 h
t=3574 h
ku = 0.6
t=2628h
ku = 0.5
t=1156 h
ku = 0.3
P0 = 1.5 kW
Pscc = 3.8 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.12
0.46
1.01
1.69
2.47
3.29
4.11
4.91
5.66
6.35
0.12
0.49
1.07
1.84
2.73
3.71
4.73
5.76
6.78
7.75
0.10
0.42
0.93
1.64
2.51
3.53
4.68
5.93
7.26
8.65
Anexa 4 (continuare)
400 kVA
46
Tmax=5256 h
Tmax=4380 h
Tmax=2628 h
t=3574 h
ku = 0.6
t=2628h
ku = 0.5
t=1156 h
ku = 0.3
P0 = 1.3 kW
Pscc = 6.5 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.23
0.89
1.85
2.98
4.13
5.24
6.24
7.13
7.90
8.57
0.24
0.95
2.02
3.33
4.76
6.20
7.59
8.88
10.06
11.11
0.20
0.82
1.81
3.13
4.71
6.5
8.42
10.42
12.45
14.47
Tmax=5256 h
Tmax=4380 h
Tmax=2628 h
t=3574 h
ku = 0.6
t=2628h
ku = 0.5
t=1156 h
ku = 0.3
P0 = 1.6 kW
Pscc = 5.8 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.17
0.66
1.40
2.30
3.27
4.26
5.2
6.06
6.85
7.54
0.18
0.7
1.5
2.53
3.69
4.92
6.15
7.34
8.46
9.50
0.15
0.60
1.33
2.31
3.51
4.90
6.42
8.05
9.74
11.47
Anexa 4 (continuare)
630 kVA
47
Tmax=5256 h
Tmax=4380 h
Tmax=2628 h
t=3574 h
ku = 0.6
t=2628h
ku = 0.5
t=1156 h
ku = 0.3
P0 = 1.7 kW
Pscc = 10.5 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.29
1.08
2.22
3.49
4.76
5.92
6.95
7.82
8.57
9.19
0.30
1.16
2.44
3.96
5.57
7.14
8.61
9.94
11.11
12.13
0.25
1.01
2.22
3.80
5.68
7.77
9.98
12.23
14.47
16.65
Tmax=5256 h
Tmax=4380 h
Tmax=2628 h
t=3574 h
ku = 0.6
t=2628h
ku = 0.5
t=1156 h
ku = 0.3
P0 = 2.1 kW
Pscc = 12.5 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.28
1.05
2.15
3.40
4.65
5.80
6.82
7.70
8.45
9.08
0.29
1.12
2.36
3.84
5.42
6.97
8.43
9.75
10.93
11.96
0.24
0.97
2.14
3.68
5.50
7.53
9.69
11.90
14.11
16.26
Anexa 4 (continuare)
1000 kVA
48
Tmax=5256 h
Tmax=4380 h
Tmax=2628 h
t=3574 h
ku = 0.6
t=2628h
ku = 0.5
t=1156 h
ku = 0.3
P0 = 2.2 kW
Pscc = 13.6 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.29
1.09
2.22
3.5
4.76
5.93
6.95
7.83
8.57
9.19
0.30
1.16
2.44
3.96
5.57
7.15
8.61
9.94
11.11
12.14
0.25
1.01
2.22
3.81
5.69
7.78
9.98
12.24
14.48
16.66
Tmax=5256 h
Tmax=4380 h
Tmax=2628 h
t=3574 h
ku = 0.6
t=2628h
ku = 0.5
t=1156 h
ku = 0.3
P0 = 3 kW
Pscc = 20 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.31
1.16
2.36
3.69
4.99
6.17
7.20
8.07
8.80
9.41
0.32
1.25
2.60
4.21
5.88
7.5
8.99
10.32
11.48
12.5
0.27
1.09
2.38
4.08
6.08
8.28
10.59
12.93
15.24
17.48
Anexa 4 (continuare)
1600 kVA
49
Anexa 4 (continuare)
Valorile coeficientului de corecie q (valori medii pentru cos = 0.8 1 ).
Transformatoare MT/MT
50
2500 kVA
4000 kVA
Tmax=5256 h
Tmax=4380 h
Tmax=2628 h
Tmax=5256 h
Tmax=4380 h
Tmax=2628 h
t=3574 h
ku = 0.6
t=2628 h
ku = 0.5
t=1156 h
ku = 0.3
t=3574 h
ku = 0.6
t=2628 h
ku = 0.5
t=1156 h
ku = 0.3
P0 = 3.8 kW
Pscc = 24 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.29
1.11
2.26
3.55
4.83
6
7.02
7.90
8.64
9.25
0.31
1.18
2.48
4.03
5.66
7.24
8.72
10.05
11.22
12.24
P0 = 5.75 kW
Pscc = 33 kW
S/ Sn
0.26
1.03
2.26
3.88
5.80
7.92
10.15
12.43
14.7
16.89
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.27
1.01
2.09
3.31
4.54
5.68
6.70
7.59
8.34
8.98
0.28
1.08
2.28
3.73
5.28
6.81
8.25
9.57
10.75
11.78
0.24
0.94
2.07
3.55
5.33
7.31
9.41
11.58
13.75
15.88
6300 kVA
Tmax=5256 h
Tmax=4380 h
Tmax=2628 h
t=3574 h
ku = 0.6
t=2628 h
ku = 0.5
t=1156 h
ku = 0.3
P0 = 7.5 kW
Pscc = 50 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.31
1.16
2.36
3.69
4.99
6.17
7.20
8.07
8.80
9.41
0.32
1.25
2.60
4.21
5.88
7.5
8.99
10.32
11.48
12.5
0.27
1.09
2.38
4.08
6.08
8.28
10.59
12.93
15.24
17.48
Anexa 4 (continuare)
Valorile coeficientului de corecie q (valori medii pentru cos = 0.8 1 ).
51
Transformatoare 110kV/MT
10000kVA
Tmax=7008 h
Tmax=5256 h
Tmax=4380 h
t=5886 h
ku = 0.8
t=3574 h
ku = 0.6
t=2628 h
ku = 0.5
P0 = 11.5 kW
Pscc = 60 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.16
0.58
1.15
1.73
2.26
2.72
3.09
3.39
3.64
3.83
0.24
0.93
1.92
3.08
4.26
5.37
6.38
7.27
8.04
8.69
0.25
0.99
2.10
3.45
4.91
6.39
7.79
9.1
10.27
11.32
Tmax=7008 h
Tmax=5256 h
Tmax=4380 h
t=5886 h
ku = 0.8
t=3574 h
ku = 0.6
t=2628 h
ku = 0.5
P0 = 19 kW
Pscc = 69 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.11
0.42
0.86
1.35
1.83
2.27
2.65
2.98
3.25
3.48
0.17
0.66
1.40
2.30
3.28
4.26
5.20
6.07
6.85
7.55
0.18
0.70
1.51
2.53
3.7
4.92
6.15
7.35
8.47
9.51
Anexa 4 (continuare)
52
16000kVA
Tmax=7008 h
Tmax=5256 h
Tmax=4380 h
t=5886 h
ku = 0.8
t=3574 h
ku = 0.6
t=2628 h
ku = 0.5
P0 = 11 kW
Pscc = 86 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.23
0.83
1.54
2.21
2.77
3.20
3.54
3.8
4
4.15
0.36
1.34
2.69
4.13
5.50
6.70
7.72
8.57
9.26
9.83
0.38
1.45
2.94
4.76
6.56
8.26
9.78
11.11
12.25
13.23
Tmax=7008 h
Tmax=5256 h
Tmax=4380 h
t=5886 h
ku = 0.8
t=3574 h
ku = 0.6
t=2628 h
ku = 0.5
P0 = 26 kW
Pscc = 100 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.12
0.44
0.90
1.40
1.9
2.34
2.72
3.05
3.32
3.54
0.18
0.7
1.47
2.41
3.42
4.43
5.38
6.26
7.04
7.74
0.19
0.74
1.59
2.66
3.87
5.14
6.40
7.61
8.75
9.80
Anexa 4 (continuare)
53
25000kVA
Tmax=7008 h
Tmax=5256 h
Tmax=4380 h
t=5886 h
ku = 0.8
t=3574 h
ku = 0.6
t=2628 h
ku = 0.5
P0 = 17.5 kW
Pscc = 132 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.23
0.80
1.51
2.17
2.72
3.16
3.50
3.76
3.97
4.13
0.35
1.30
2.61
4.03
5.39
6.59
7.61
8.46
9.16
9.74
0.37
1.40
2.90
4.63
6.40
8.08
9.60
10.93
12.08
13.06
Tmax=7008 h
Tmax=5256 h
Tmax=4380 h
t=5886 h
ku = 0.8
t=3574 h
ku = 0.6
t=2628 h
ku = 0.5
P0 = 30 kW
Pscc = 130 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.13
0.49
0.99
1.53
2.04
2.49
2.87
3.19
3.45
3.66
0.20
0.78
1.64
2.66
3.74
4.79
5.77
6.66
7.44
8.12
0.21
0.83
1.77
2.95
4.26
5.61
6.93
8.18
9.34
10.4
Anexa 4 (continuare)
54
40000kVA
Tmax=7008 h
Tmax=5256 h
Tmax=4380 h
t=5886 h
ku = 0.8
t=3574 h
ku = 0.6
t=2628 h
ku = 0.5
P0 = 31 kW
Pscc = 170 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.16
0.61
1.19
1.79
2.33
2.78
3.15
3.45
3.68
3.88
0.25
0.97
2.01
3.2
4.40
5.53
6.55
7.44
8.20
8.84
0.27
1.04
2.19
3.59
5.10
6.60
8.03
9.34
10.52
11.56
Tmax=7008 h
Tmax=5256 h
Tmax=4380 h
t=5886 h
ku = 0.8
t=3574 h
ku = 0.6
t=2628 h
ku = 0.5
P0 = 36 kW
Pscc = 163 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.14
0.51
1.03
1.58
2.09
2.54
2.92
3.24
3.49
3.70
0.21
0.81
1.70
2.75
3.86
4.93
5.91
6.8
7.5
8.26
0.22
0.86
1.84
3.06
4.41
5.79
7.13
8.40
9.56
10.61
Anexa 4 (continuare)
55
63000kVA
Tmax=7008 h
Tmax=5256 h
Tmax=4380 h
t=5886 h
ku = 0.8
t=3574 h
ku = 0.6
t=2628 h
ku = 0.5
P0 = 28 kW
Pscc = 275 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.29
1
1.80
2.5
3.04
3.45
3.76
3.99
4.16
4.30
0.45
1.65
3.21
4.81
6.25
7.46
8.45
9.24
9.88
10.39
0.47
1.78
3.62
5.64
7.60
9.38
10.92
12.22
13.30
14.21
Tmax=7008 h
Tmax=5256 h
Tmax=4380 h
t=5886 h
ku = 0.8
t=3574 h
ku = 0.6
t=2628 h
ku = 0.5
P0 = 42 kW
Pscc = 336 kW
S/ Sn
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0.24
0.84
1.57
2.24
2.8
3.23
3.56
3.82
4.01
4.17
0.37
1.37
2.74
4.20
5.58
6.78
7.80
8.64
9.33
9.89
0.39
1.48
3.05
4.84
6.66
8.37
9.89
11.22
12.36
13.33
Anexa 5
Randamente de energie electric a liniilor electrice valori orientative
56
Linii de JT
Sectiunea
liniei [mm2]
ku = 0.5
ku = 0.3
= 2628
Tmax = 4380h
min.
Max.
= 1156
Tmax = 2628h
Min.
Max.
85.0
85.3
86.0
86.8
87.6
88.4
89.2
90.0
94.0
94.0
94.0
94.0
94.0
94.0
94.0
94.0
89.0
89.0
89.6
90.2
90.8
91.4
92.0
92.6
95.5
95.5
95.5
95.5
95.5
95.5
95.5
95.5
84.6
85.0
85.5
86.2
86.9
94.0
94.0
94.0
94.0
94.0
88.5
88.9
89.2
89.7
90.2
95.5
95.5
95.5
95.5
95.5
LEC
25
35
50
70
95
120
150
185
LEA
16
25
35
50
70
Linii de MT i 110 kV
Sectiunea
liniei [mm2]
ku = 0.6
= 3574
Tmax = 5256h
min.
Max.
LEA AL
25
86.4
35
88.0
50
89.1
70
89.4
95
91.5
120
92.8
150
93.7
185
94.0
LEA OLAL normal
35
88.4
50
89.8
70
91.2
95
92.5
120
93.7
150
185
ku = 0.5
94.4
95.3
= 2628
Tmax = 4380h
Min.
Max.
93.3
93.3
93.3
93.7
94.2
94.7
95.2
95.2
88.1
89.4
90.4
91.6
92.6
93.7
94.5
94.7
94.0
94.0
94.0
94.5
95.0
95.4
95.7
95.9
93.3
93.6
94.0
94.6
95.2
89.8
91.0
92.2
94.5
94.5
95.6
96.0
95.1
95.9
94.0
94.4
94.8
95.2
95.7
Anexa 5 (continuare)
96.1
96.5
57
240
LEC MT
95
120
150
185
240
300
LEC 110 kV
300
400
500
96.0
96.5
96.6
97.0
87
88
89
89.7
91
91.6
93
93
93.3
93.5
93.9
94.2
88.6
89.4
90.2
90.8
91.8
92.6
94
93.9
94.1
94.3
94.6
94.9
92.3
92.9
93.1
94.5
94.8
94.9
93.2
93.7
93.9
95.1
95.4
95.5
Anexa 6
Pierderi procentuale de energie electric n linii electrice
58
Linii de JT
Seciunea
[mm2]
Tmax = 4380h
Tmax = 2628h
= 2628
ku = 0.5
= 1156
ku = 0.3
cos
1
0.6
0.6
0.8
0.9
25
35
50
70
95
120
155
185
15.08
14.71
13.96
13.19
12.33
11.59
10.79
9.98
8.83
8.71
8.44
8.15
7.81
7.51
7.17
6.80
7.11
7.05
6.90
6.74
6.55
6.37
6.17
5.94
5.97
5.97
5.97
5.97
5.97
5.97
5.97
5.97
16
25
35
50
70
15.47
14.95
14.52
13.85
13.11
8.97
8.79
8.64
8.40
8.12
7.10
7.09
7.01
6.88
6.73
5.97
5.97
5.97
5.97
5.97
0.8
0.9
11.23
10.95
10.39
9.82
9.18
8.63
8.03
7.43
6.58
6.48
6.28
6.07
5.82
5.59
5.33
5.06
5.30
5.25
5.14
5.02
4.88
4.75
4.59
4.42
4.45
4.45
4.45
4.45
4.45
4.45
4.45
4.45
11.52
11.13
10.81
10.31
9.76
6.67
6.54
6.43
6.25
6.04
5.35
5.28
5.22
5.12
5.01
4.45
4.45
4.45
4.45
4.45
LEC
LEA
100 = 0 100
S max cos Tmax
Wai
Anexa 6 (continuare)
Linii de MT i 100 kV
59
Seciunea
[mm2]
LEA AL
25
35
50
70
95
120
150
185
Tmax = 5256h
Tmax = 4380h
= 3574
ku = 0.6
= 2628
ku = 0.5
0.6
0.8
0.9
13.60
12.07
10.92
9.60
8.43
7.20
6.30
6.00
8.70
8.07
7.54
6.88
6.26
5.55
5.00
4.81
7.34
6.97
6.64
6.21
5.79
5.28
4.87
4.72
cos
1
0.6
6.80
6.80
6.80
6.80
6.80
6.80
6.80
6.80
11.91
10.60
9.60
8.43
7.40
6.32
5.54
5.27
0.8
0.9
7.64
7.08
6.62
6.04
5.50
4.88
4.40
4.23
6.45
6.12
5.83
5.46
5.08
4.64
4.28
4.14
5.97
5.97
5.97
5.97
5.97
5.97
5.97
5.97
60
7.85
7.17
6.46
5.73
4.97
4.50
3.92
3.36
6.83
6.40
5.93
5.41
4.83
4.48
3.99
3.50
6.80
6.80
6.80
6.80
6.80
6.80
6.80
6.80
10.20
8.94
7.73
6.59
5.48
4.86
4.10
3.43
6.90
6.30
5.67
5.03
4.36
3.96
3.44
2.95
6.01
5.62
5.20
4.75
4.25
3.93
3.50
3.08
5.97
5.97
5.97
5.97
5.97
5.97
5.97
5.97
8.43
8.05
7.65
7.26
6.72
6.23
7.18
6.96
6.71
6.46
6.10
5.77
6.80
6.80
6.80
6.80
6.80
6.80
11.39
10.63
9.85
9.15
8.20
7.39
7.44
7.10
6.75
6.41
5.93
5.49
6.34
6.14
5.92
5.70
5.39
5.09
6.00
6.00
6.00
6.00
6.00
6.00
5.89
5.50
5.36
5.52
5.24
5.14
6.80
6.80
6.80
6.85
6.27
6.07
5.19
4.85
4.73
4.87
4.62
4.54
6.00
6.00
6.00
p0 l
p lT
T
100 = 0 100
S max cos Tmax
Wai
61
Anexa 7
Determinarea consumului tehnologic pentru diferite configuraii ale unei staii
Relaia de calcul
n1(1)
n1(2)
S n(1)1
S n(2)
1
n2(1)
n2(2)
S n(1)2
S n(2)2
n1
S n1
n1
S n1
n1
S n1
n2
S n1
n1
n W
W2 = P02 Ti + W1 P01 T1 1 2 1med
1
1
n2 W1 2 med
n1
S n1
n2
Sn 2
n1
S
n P
W2 = P02 Ti + W1 P01 Ti 1 scc 2 n1
1
1
n2 Pscc1 S n 2
n1
W
W2 = P01 T1 + W1 P01 T1 2
1
1
W1
n1
S n1
S n1
Sn 2
1med
2 med
1med
2 med
n2
n2
W
2
W1
2
n1
2 ( Pscc1 + Pscc 2 ) S n1
Pscc1
Sn1 + Sn 2
W
2
W1
1med
2 med
62
Anexa 8
100/100/100
R1 = R2 = R3 = 1
100/66.7/100
R1 = 0.44
100/100/66.7
R1 = R3 = 10
100/66.7/66.7
R1 = R2 = R3 = 1
100/100/30
R1 = R3 = 1
RK1 = RK 2 = RK 3 = 1
R2 = R3 = 1
R2 = 0.444
RK1 = 0.444
R2 = 0.09
RK1 = RK 3 = 0.444
RK1 = RK 2 = 0.444
RK 2 = RK 3 = 1
RK 3 = 1
RK 2 = 1
RK 3 = 1
RK1 = RK 2 = 0.444
63
Anexa 9
Exemple de Proces tehnologic al energiei electrice
Anexa 9.1
Exemplu de Proces tehnologic al energiei electrice pentru un operator de distribuie
SPECIFICAIA
UM
IT
A
1
1.1
1.2
1.2.1
1.2.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
3
4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
5
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.9
5.10
5.11
5.12
5.13
5.14
5.15
5.16
6
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.9
MT
JT
TOTAL
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
64
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
6.16
A
B
7
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.3.1
7.3.2
7.4
7.5
8
9
10
11
11.1
11.2
12
12.1
12.2
12.3
12.4
12.5
12.6
12.7
13
14
14.1
14.2
14.3
14.4
15
16
B
C
D
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
kWh
%
Procesul tehnologic poate fi simplificat dac nu se dorete localizarea zonal a pierderilor (de ex. Pe SDFEE).
Anexa 9.2
65
Cod
schimb
A
E1
E1.1
Ianuarie
Februarie
Martie
.....
Decembrie
CUMULAT
E1.2
E2
E3
E4
E4P
E4C
B
E5
E6
E7
E8
C
D
E9.2
H
I
Anexa 9.3
66
Noiembrie
Decembrie
trim. IV
TOTAL
Total
Termo
Rovinari
Turceni
Bucureti
Craiova
Deva
Hidro
CNE
prin TR/AT
prin LEA 110kV
Soldul
Primit
schimburilor intre
Cedat
ST-uri
Cedat din contur
La productori, din care
Total
Bucureti
Craiova
Hidroelectrica
Nuclearelectrica
La export
Total
PE LEA cu U>110kV
Pe LEA 110kV
n RED, din care
La FDFEE AT/TR
La FDFEE LEA 110kV
La ALRO Slatina
La Donasid
Consumatorilor
Total
Captivi
Eligibili
C.P.T
MWh
%
Consum
Total
Transelectrica din Comp. Sincr.
RET
Bob. Comp.
Alte. cons.
Pierderi (CPT Consum)
Transelectrica
Anexa 10
67
Datele de intrare:
G4 , G2 - energia emis de centralele racordate la 400 kV respectiv 220 kV
I 4 , I 2 - import la 400 kV respectiv 220 kV
I D 2 , I D 4 - import de la FDFEE la 110 kV prin staii 220/110 kV respectiv 400/110 kV
E4 , E2 - export la 400 kV respectiv 220 kV
ED 2 , ED 4 - export n FDFEE la 110 kV prin staii 220/110 kV respectiv 400/110 kV
C2B consum la 220 kV (din barele staiilor CN Transelectrica SA)
Not: Dei importul la 110 kV i MT este considerat ca fiind al CN Transelectrica SA va fi
evideniat n reelele unde determin pierderi tehnice
G4
I4
E4
A1
G2
~
220 kV
A4
400 kV
I2
A6
D1
ID2
A7
D6
ED2
E2
C2B
ID4
Distribuie
ED4
110 kV
Toate datele necesare calculelor se obin din bilan pe staii, cumulate apoi pe ansamblul unei
sucursale de transport, apoi pe total CN Transelectrica SA.
G4 + I 4 + A4 = E4 + A1
400 kV
220 kV G2 + I 2 + A6 + D6 = E2 + D1 + A7 + C2B
Bilanul pe noduri
68
Anexa 10 (continuare)
Exemplu de calcul CPT n reelele de transport
S-a urmrit evidenierea pierderilor pe elemente de reea ct i vehicularea energiei electrice
n ambele sensuri printr-un acelai element
- Pierderi n LEA 400 kV (MWh)
G4
I
4
A5
A8
A7
D1
D6
D2
D5
D3
W 400
400
WLEA
% = LEA 100%
A1 + A3
- Pierderi
n AT 400/220 kV
WAT4 / 2 = ( A5 A6 ) + + ( A7 A8 )
E2
- Pierderi procentuale
C2B
W 4 / 2
WAT4 / 2 % = AT 100%
A5 + A7
B2
D4
B3
I2
A6
220 kV
400 kV
B1
G2
~
E4
A4
A3
A1
A2
400
WLEA
= ( A1 A2 ) + + ( A3 A4 )
B4
Distribuie
- Pierderi n TR 400/110 kV
WTR4 /1% =( B1 B2 ) + + ( B3 B4 )
- Pierderi procentuale
W 4 /1
WTR4 /1% = TR 100%
B1 + B3
220
WLEA
= ( D1 D2 ) + ( D5 D6 )
- Pierderi procentuale
220
WLEA
% =
220
WLEA
100%
D1 + D5
- Pierderi n AT 220/110 kV
2/1
WAT
= ( D2 D3 ) + ( D4 D5 )
- Pierderi procentuale
WAT2 /1%
W 2 /1
= AT
100%
D2 + D4
WT = W400 + W220
Pierderile procentuale raportate la total surse:
W
WT % =
100%
G4 + I 4 + G2 + I 2 + D4 + B3
Aceste pierderi se corecteaz corespunztor n cazul unor importuri/exporturi realizate la
110 kV de ctre CN Transelectrica SA.
Ele sunt evideniate (a se vedea procesul tehnologic anexa 9) n analiza CPT la operatorul
de distribuie n care aceste linii funcioneaz.
Anexa 10 (continuare)
Exemplu de Bilan de energie electric pentru reele de distribuie
Datele de intrare:
G1 , GM - energia emis de centralele racordate la 110 kV respectiv MT
I1 , I M - import la 110 kV respectiv MT
IT 2 , IT 4 - import din RET prin staii 220/110 kV respectiv 400/110 kV
E1 , EM - export la 110 kV respectiv MT
ET 2 , ET 4 - export n RET prin staii 220/110 kV respectiv 400/110 kV
C1B , CMB , CBJT - consum laEbarele
ET4staiilor de transformare de 110 kV, 110/MT, respectiv MT/JT
G1
T2
I1
C1R , CMR , CRJT - consum preluat din reea la 110
kV, MT i JT
~
IT2
IT4
1
Datele necesare
calculelor
se obin din
pe staiile de 110 kV i MT, din procesul pe
C1R
110 bilan
kV
F1
noduri :
C1B
GM
Bilanul pe noduri
IM
F4
~
CMR
H1
MT
CMB
EM
110 kV
G1 + I1 + IT 2 + IT 4 = ET 2 + ET 4 + E1 + F1 + C1B
MT
70
H4
CRJT
JT
CBJT
GM + F4 + I M = H1 + EM + CMB
JT
H 4 = CRJT + CBJT
Bilan pe contur RED
G1 + GM + I1 + I M + IT 2 + IT 4 = ET 2 + ET 4 + E1 + EM +
+C1B + C1R + CMB + CMR + CRJT + CBJT
Anexa 10 (continuare)
Exemplu de calcul CPT pentru reele de distribuie
S-a urmrit evidenierea pierderilor pe elemente de reea
ET2
IT2
G1
ET4
IT4
~
C1R
F3
F1
F2
110 kV
C1b
GM
IM
F4
CMR
H3
EM
H1
H2
MT
CMB
H4
JT
C1R
I1
CJB
E1
110kV
bar
JT
reea
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
10.21
7.06
6.4
8.03
10.39
7.90
16.88
18.67
19.68
19.1
18.70
21.29
30.43
30.12
31.7
30.92
30.30
30.21
a6
-0.336259
0
1
#
#
a5
0
0
0
#
#
18.47
15.76
15.05
14.84
15.04
17.10
14.24
19.28
18.98
18.44
16.90
14.56
9.77
9.11
8.19
8.67
8.67
8.94
Rezultate obinute
a4
a3
a2
-0.642417 -0.754724 -0.676415
0
0
0
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
cpt %
din
energia
intrat
12.78
12.8
12.8
12.76
12.34
12.40
a1
-0.736196
0
#
#
#
a0
65.0346
0
#
#
#
a5
Wintrat 400
14690
16009
19044
17308
16419
a4
Wintrat 220
17592
18105
16494
17285
16663
Energia livrat
Wintrat 110
L400kV
28845
3740
28579
3775
28275
3775
29769
3775
29461
3775
a3
Rezultate obinute
a2
L220kV
4472
4472
4472
4472
4472
a1
pierderi
981
1004
950
930
957
a0
73
0
0
1
#
#
1.055474
0
0
#
#
-0.038188
0
#
#
#
0.003638
0
#
#
#
-0.019686
0
#
#
#
-1639.747
0
#
#
#
74