Page No ...

NEW SCHEME

I
January/February

EC51

USN
Fifth Semester B.E. Degree Examination,
EC/TE/BM/ML
2005

Analog Communication
Time: 3 hrs.] Note: Answer any FIVE full questions. and explain each term.
(4 Marks)

[Max.Marks : 100

1. (a) Define standard form of amplitude modulation

(b) Explain with the help of a neat sketch, how square law modulator is used to generate AM. (6 Marks) (c) An audio frequency signalS sin 27r (lOOO)t is used to amplitude modulate a carrier of 100 sin 27r (106 )t. Assume modulation index as 0.4. Find i) ii) iii) iv) Sideband frequencies Amplitude of each sideband Bandwidth required

Total power delivered to a load of

loon.

(10 Marks)

2. (a) What is DSB-SC modulation? What are the advantages and limitations of DSB-SC as compared to standard AM? (5 Marks) (b) Explain how ring modulator (c) Define: i) ii) iii) Hilbert transform Pre-envelope Complex envelope
(6 Marks)

can be used to generate DSB-SC modulation.

(9 Marks)

3. (a) Derive an expression for SSB modulated retained.

wave for which upper sideband is

(8 Marks)

(b) Explain how downward frequency translation block diagram.

is achieved with the help of a

(8 Marks) (4 Marks)

(c) What are the features of HDTV? What are its limitations? 4. (a) Define angle modulation. for generating. i) FM wave using PM

Describe with the help of block diagrams, schemes

(8 Marks)

ii) PM wave using FM.

Page No ... 2 (c) An angle modulated signal is described by

s(t) = 10co.s[27r(106)t

EC51

+ 0.1

sin (103)t].

Fjnd message signal m(t) i) ii) Considering s(t) is PM with kp = 10 Considering s(t) is FM with J~f

=5

(5 Marks)

5. (a) Describe with necessary equations

and block diagram: the generation

of

narrow band FM. (b) Explain the demodulation of FM wave using zero crossing detector. frequencies of the following signals. (c) Determine the instantaneous

(6 Marks) (7 Marks)

i)

4cos(1807r

f)
+ sin
1007rt sin (sin27rt)
(7 Marks)

ii) 10 cos (87rt + 7rt2) iii) cos 1007rt cos(sin27rt)

6. (a) What is conditional probability?

Prove that P(AB)

= P(B/A)P(A)
(5 Marks) (10 Marks)

(b) Discuss the properties of Gaussian process.

(c) The probability density function (PDF) of a random variable is given as Jx(x) =

.,

fll'i: 0

for x betweer:

2 and 4 oth.eruiis e

Where k is a constant.

Sketch the PDF and determine the value of k.

(5 Marks)

7. (a) What is noise equivalent bandwidth?

Derive an expression for noise equivalent

(8 Marks)

bandwidth.

(b) Derive an expression for power spectral density of noise n( t) . Draw the power spectral density of noise n( t), in-phase component n I( t) and quadrature component nQ(t) in a high Q tuned filter shown in the figure below.

~\~--~!
CD~
i'.02<J~

C Ir----

R~ .

I S

------Q
f\( DVJ.f? .. ,

wet-)
0--.-----

________ -.~------~O !

'I1U-) _

(c) In a receiver system three 2 port devices are connected in cascade. The noise figures and gains of each device are as follows. F\ = GdB, G1 = 43dE, F',! = lOdE, G2 = 20dB, F3 = l3dB, and G?, = lOdE. Find out the approximate effective noise figure of the receiver. (4 Marks)
8. (a) Discuss the noise in DSB-SC receiver with a model receiver using coherent

detection. Prove that the figure of merit for such a recei ver in unity.
(12 Marks) (8 Marks)

(b) Discuss pre-emphasis and de-emphasis in FM.

** * **

Page No ... 1

NEW SCHEME

I
January/February

EC52

USN
Fifth Semester B.E. Degree Examination,
EC/TE/BM/ML

2005

Digital Signal Processing

Time: 3 hrs.] Note: [Max.Marks: 100 1. Answer any FIVE full questions. 2. Use of normalized chebyshev Butterwortb prototype tables NOT allowed. Let xp(n) be a periodic sequence with fundamental period N. Let Xl(k) denote the N-point DFT of one period of xp(n) and X3(k) be the 3N-point DFT of three periods of xp(n). What is the relationship between Xl(k) and X3(k) for k ~ N -1. (10 Marks) Let x(n) be any N-point sequence and X(k) be the corresponding N-point DFT. Suppose that xl(n) = x((m - n))N' where m ~ N - 1 . Starting from the definition of DFT, find X1(k), the N-point DFT of the sequence xl(n). Using this result, and any other properties of DFT, determine Xl(k) if xl(n) = x((2 - n))s, if the first five values of the 8-point DFT of a real valued sequence are as follows: {16, -(2J2 + 2) - j(2J2 + 2),0, (2J2 - 2), -j(2J2 - 2).0} (10 Marks) A long sequence x(n) is filtered through a filter with impulse response h(n) to yield the output y(n). If x(n)= {I, 1, 1, 1, 1, 3, 1,1,4,2,1,1,3, I}, h(n) = {I-I}, compute y(n) using the overlap save technique. Use only a 5-point circular convolution in your approach. (12 Marks) Consider a finite-duration sequence x(n)={O, 1,2,3,4,5}. i) Sketch the sequence s( n) with 6-point DFT S(k) = W2k X(k). ii) Determine the sequence y(n) with 6-point DFT Y(k)=ReX(k), the real part of X(k). (8 Marks) Starting from the definition, prove the following:

1. (a)

(b)

2. (a)

(b)

3. (a)

i)

"E~(/

y(n) = "E~=(/ xl(n) "E~=(/ x2(n), where xl(n) and x2(n) are two N-point sequences and y(n) the N-point circular convolution of xl(n) and x2(n).

12 = 1 X(k) 12, where x(n) is an N-point sequence, and X(k) the corresponding N-point DFT. Prove any intermediate result that you may use. (8 Marks) (b) Let x(n)= 25(n) + 5(n - 1) + 5(n - 3). Obtain the sequence y(n) whose 5-point DFT Y(k)= (X(k))2, where X(k) is the 5-point DFT of x(n). ii) (c) Let x(n) be the following 8-point sequence:
(4 Marks)

"E;;2o 1 x( n)

*' "Ef~o

x(n)= 1, 0, -1, O} . Use the decimation-in-time FFT algorithm to compute the DFT ofthe above sequence. Provide the values at the intermediate stages. (8 Marks) 4. (a) Let X(k), k ~ N - 1, to be discrete Fourier transform of a sequence x(n). How would you use an FFT algorithm to compute the inverse DFT (i.e., obtain x(n) from X(k))? Hence determine the sequence x(n) whose 8-point DFT is given by the sequence X(k)= {0,4 - j4, 0, 0,0,0,0,4 + j4}. Use the decimation- in-frequency FFT algorithm to arrive at your answer. Provide the values at the intermediate stages. (12 Marks)

{Jz' Jz' Jz'

Jz'

Page No ... 2

EC52

(b) Consider the sequence x(n) = u(n)- u(n-8). Using chirp-z transform, determine the following values X( zo) and X( zd where Zo = ej 2; and Zl =
e j4-rr 8
(8 Marks)

5. (a) Design a lowpass digital filter using bilinear transformation. The filter is to be monotonic in both stop-and pass-bands and has all of the following characteristics: . (i) an acceptable passband ripple of 1 dB, (ii) a passband edge of 0.371"ad, and (iii) stopband attenuation of 40dB or greater beyond r 0.671"ad. r (16 Marks) (b) Transform the alalog filter H( s) = (S+~n!+2) to a digital filter using the matched z-transforrn. Let T=0.5sec. (4 Marks) 6. (a) Using the impulse reaponse technique, design a lowpass digital filter that is equiripple in the passband, and monotone in the stopband. The filter passband edge is at 0.171"ad with a ripple of 2.5 dB or less, and the stopband r edge at 0.2-rrrad with attenuation 40 dB or more. Use T=1. (16 Marks) (b) Transform the analog filter H( s)= s~Ct.' Ct. > 0 to a digital filter using the backward- difference mapping. Comment on the stability of the digital filter. 7. (a) Let the specifications on a filter be as follows: 0.99 ~I H( ejW) I~ 1.01, 0 ~ w ~ 0.271" I H( ejW) I~ 0.05, 0.2571" W ~ 0.6-rr, ~ 0.99 ~I H(ejW) I~ 1.01, o.v- ~ w ~-rr (i) These specifications approximate an ideal filter. Derive the impulse response of this ideal filter. (ii) Design a linear-phase filter that satisfies the above specifications using the Kaiser window. Give the expression for the impulse response of the designed filter. (10 Marks) (b) Starting from a lowpass Butterworth prototype alanog filter, design a fourthorder Butterworth bandpass analog filter with upper and lower band edge frequencies 10radjsec and 5radjsec. (4 Marks) (c) Consider an FIR lattice filter with coefficients Kl = 0.65, K2 = -0.34, k3 = 0.8. Find its impulse response. Draw the equivalent direct-form structure. 8. (a) By choosing an appropriate window, design a linear-phase, odd-length, lowpass FIR filter that satisfies the following specifications: 0.985 ~I H( ejW) I~ 1.015, 0 ~ w ~ 0.271", I H( ejW) I~ 0.001, 0.371" W ~ 71" ~ Give the expressions for the impulse response and the corresponding frequency response. (8 Marks) (b) Consider the system function H(z) =
1_lz-1 1 15-2) 1 (l-zz-l+:rz (1+"4z-1)
(6 Marks) (4 Marks)

i) Realise the system in direct form 1. ii) Realise the system in cascade form using first- and second-order form II sections. iii) Realise the system in parallel form using first- and second-order direct .form II sections. (12 Marks)

** * **

Page No ... 1

[NEW

SCHEME

I
January /Febr~ary

EC53

USN
Fifth Semester B.E. Degree Examination,
EC/TE/BM/ML

2005

Transmission Lines & Wave Guides.

Time: 3 hrs.) [Max.Marks: 100

Note:

1."Answer any FIVE full questions. 2. Use of Smith chart permitted wherever pertinent.

1. (a) 'A line of finite length, terminated in a load equivalent to its characteristic impedance, appears to the sending end generator as an infinite line'. Establish the statement starting from the fundamentals. (14 Marks) (b) Show that for a distortionless line, the characteristic impedance will be a pure resistance. (6 Marks) 2. (a) What is insertion loss? Derive an expression for insertion loss in terms of reflection factors. (8 Marks) (b) A 16 gauge cable, 80 km long, is inserted between a generator of 2V, 600n, W = 5000rad/ see and terminated in Zoo Find the decibel loss in power in the load. Characteristics of 16 gauge cable are: R 26.6n/~m L
0.63mH/Km

C
0.039J.Lf/km 0.94J.L

G
/Km
(6 Marks)

(c) Compute the elements of a constant K lowpass network having cutoff frequency fe = 2000 cycles and load of 5000n
(6 Marks)

3. (a) Differentiate between trvelling waves and standing waves.

(4 Marks)

(b) Show that the input impedance of OC and SC lossless lines are purely reactive.
(8 Marks)

(c) Show that the maximum and minimum impedances on the line for a lossless line is given by Ro.S and Ro/ S. (8 Marks) 4. (a) Explain standing waves, standing wave ratio, reflection co-efficient. Derive the relation between them. (8 Marks) (b) Explain the quarter wave transformer.
(6 Marks)

(c) A lossless line of characteristic resistance Ro = lOOn is terminated by a load which gives VSWR = 3 operating at 300MHz frequency. During the measurements the first voltage maximum of 10 volts appeared at a distance of 3.2mt from the termination. Determine the load impedance and the power delivered to load. (6 Marks)

Page No ... 2

EC53

5. (a) The terminating load of transmission line (Zo = 5 ~ D) working at 300MHz is (50 + j50) ohms. Calculate VSW~ and reflection co-efficient.
(6 Marks)

(b) Derive equations for the length and location of the single stub matching device in terms of the reflection co-efficient of the transmission line.
(8 Marks)

(c) A lossless transmission line operating at one GHz has reflection coefficient of K = 0.5 ~. Determine the length and location of the single stub for matching the line. (6 Marks)
6. (a) A lossless line of characteristic

resistance Ro = 300D operating at 45MHz frequency is connected to a load of 75D. Determine the lengths and location of two short circuited stubs which are to be placed at )..14 distance apart to produce impedance matching. (use Smith chart) (7 Marks)

(b) Starting from Maxwell's equations, derive the expressions for field components for TE waves travelling between infinitely conducting parallel planes.
(7 Marks)

(c) For frequency of 6000 mega cycles and plane separation = 7cm, find the cut off frequency, phase constant and wavelength. Is it possible to propagate T E3 mode? (6 Marks)

7. (a) Discuss various TEmn modes that can exist in rectangular waveguides and
write their cutoff wavelengths. What is the advantage of having only one dominant mode in case of T Em,n propagation. (8 Marks) (b) Find the cutoff frequencies for a dominant T Emn wave in air in rectangular waveguide measuring 5cm x 2.5cm. Calculate phase & group velocities at frequency of 6000 megacycles. (6 Marks) (c) Write the field pattern for T E20andT ElO modes in rectangular wave guide.
(6 Marks)

8. (a) What is cavity resonator? Show that cavity resonator has only one frequency of resonance for a given mode. List out applications of cavity resonator.
(12 Marks)

(b) Discuss the methods of exciting various modes in rectangular waveguides.

(8 Marks)

** * **

Page No ... 1

NEW SCHEME

I
January/February

EC54

USN
Fifth Semester B.E. Degree Examination,
EC/TC

2005

Advanced Microprocessors
Time: 3 hrs.) [Max. Marks: 100

Note:

Answer any FIVE full questions. 2. All questions carry equal marks.

1. (a) Trace the development of intel 86 family of microprocessors briefly indicating the additional features introduced at each stage of development from 8086 to Pentium IV. (10 Marks) (b) Enumerate the user programmable their general and special uses. registers of the 8086 processor. Describe
(6 Marks)

(c) State the segments use d in calculating the physical memory address in the following instructions : i) Ii) MOV AX, [BP+6] MOV AX, [DI+6]
(4 Marks)

2. (a) Explain with examples, different addressing modes of the 8086 processor.
(10 Marks)

(b) Explain the (MOD-REG-R/M) interpretations. (c) What do the following instructions i) ROL iii) SAR v) XCHG AX, [BX] ii) RCL iv) STD

byte of an 8086 instruction, do?

with its
(5 Marks) (5 Marks)

3. (a) An unsorted 16 bit integer word array starts at address ARRA Y-ST and has in all n words. Write an 8086 ALP to generate two different arrays from it - one of positive numbers, starting at memory address ARRAY -.POS and the other of negative numbers starting at address ARRAY _NEG. Use string instructions as far as possible. (10 Marks) (b) Write an 8086 ALP to multiply a 2-digit BCD number by a single digit BCD number by repeated addition, using DAA instruction. (5 Marks) (c) Convert a 2-digit BCD number in AL, to a 2-digit Hex number in AL, using the AAD instruction. (5 Marks) 4. (a) Explain the assembler directives example. PUBLIC and EXTRN with a simple
(6 Marks) (4 Marks)

(b) Distinguish between MACRO and a procedure.

(c) Write an 8086 ALP using DOS interrupts to read a two digit hexadecimal (10 Marks) number and display the same on the console.

Page No ... 2

EC54

5. (a) With appropriate circuit diagrams, explain how you would generate, data, address and control buses for memory and I/O interfacing from an 8086 processor in the MAX mode of operation. (10 Marks) (b) Indicate the action of the LOC f( pin using a timing diagram, when executing the instruction LOCK: X CRG AX, [SI], in an 8086 system. (4 Marks) (c) Draw the timing diagram showing all relevant signals for a memory write cycle in an 8086 system in the MAX mode with no WAIT state. (6 Marks) 6. (a) i) On receiving a hardware interrupt, the 8086 processor pushes the flag to the stack and clears the TF and the IF before doing any further operation. Explain why this is required. (6 Marks) ii) Even though interrupt service routine is similar to any procedure routine, the last instruction of an interrupt routine is IRET which is coded differently from the RET instruction of the subroutine return. Explain the reasons for this separate IRET instruction. (4 Marks)

(b) The 8086 processor has no instruction to manipulate the trace flag. Consider while debugging a program, a uses wants the traceflag to remain set, over a portion of the program so that in that region of the program, single stepping is automatically introduced. Write a user generated software interrupt routine, that toggles the trace flag when invoked, so that the user invokes this interrupt at the start of the specific region in the program where he desires to single step, and invokes the same interrupt again at the end of the region (where he wants to stop single stepping). (10 Marks) 7. (a) Write an 8086/8087 system ALP to find the frequency response characteristic of a series L-C-R circuit in the form of a table. Assume the response to correspond to the power expended in the L-C-R at constant input voltage with varying frequency. (10 Marks) (b) Indicate the basic features of the PCI Bus or the USB. (c) Describe the basic 486 architecture. 8. Write short notes on : i) ii) ASCII arithmetic in the 86 family of microprocessors. Parallel printer interface.
(6 Marks) (7 Marks) (7 Marks) (5 Marks) (5 Marks)

iii) Pentium microprocessor.

** * **

Page No ... 1

NEW SCHEME

I
January/February

EC55

USN
Fifth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, EC/TE 2005

Telecommunication & Switching

Time: 3 hrs.]

[Max.Marks: 100

Note:

Answer

any FIVE full questions.

1. (a) Explain the theory and working of a simplex telecommunication

,./

system.
(8 Marks)

) Explain with a neat diagram the operation of a carbon granule microphone.

(8 Marks)

(c) List t~e basic functions of a switching system.

(4 Marks)

2. (a) Explain the advantages of automatic exchanges over the manual exchanges.
(10 Marks)

(b) 'What is DTMF? Explain the working of a push button dial system.(lO

Marks)

3. (a) From the basic principles of queuing systems, derive the equation for finite queue capacity. (8 Marks) (b) On an average, during the busy hour, a company makes 180 outgoing calis of average duration 3 minutes. It receives 400 incoming calls of average duration 6 minutes. Find ij ii) The outgoing traffic The incoming traffic
(6 Marks)

iii) The total traffic.

(c) In a group of 24 servers each is occupied for 15 minutes in an observation interval of 3 hours. Calculate the traffic carried by the group. (6 Marks)
4, (a) Obtain total number of cross points for a 3 stage network with N incoming

and M outgoing trunks.

(8 Marks)

(b) Design a 3 stage switching network for 100 incoming and 400 outgoing trunks.
(7 Marks)

(c) Compare any 5 features of single stage and multistage networks.

(5 Marks)

" (a) Explain two different types of gradings.

(b) Draw and explain the operation of a time switch.

(10 Marks)

(10 Marks)

Page No ... 2 6. (a) Explain the working ofa T-S-T network. (b) Explain SPS in brief. 7. (a) With relevant sketches explain 30 channel PCM signalling scheme. (b) Explain in detail the CCITT SS7.

EC55
Compare S-T-S and T-S-T networks.
(12 Marks) (8 Marks)

(10 Marks)

(10 Marks)

8.
i)

Write short notes on any FO UR of the following : Side tone reduction - Sendors

(4X5=20

Marks)

ii) Register - Translator iii) PBX switches

iv) Overload control in SPC v) In band (VF) Signalling vi) ISDN

** * **

Page

0 ...

I
Electronics

EC56

NEW SCHEME USN

Fifth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, & Communication

January/February

2005

/ Telecommunication

Solid State Devices and Technology

Time: 3 hrs.] [Max.Marks: 100

Note:

1. Answer any FIVE full questions. 2. Assume missing data if any.

1. (a) What is the cause for bending of energy bands in the P junction diode? Derive an expression for built-in voltage across the junction in terms of doping densities. (6 Marks) (b) An abrupt junction PN germanium diode has N A = 1017/cm3 and 15/ cm3 N D = 10 Assuming all impurities are ionized and at T = 300K determine at equilibrium: i) The built-in voltage Vbi ii) The widths of the depletion regions iii) The electric field at the junction. Intrinsic carrier density of germamum permittivity is 15.8.
IS

2.17

1013/ cm3 and relative

(8 Marks)

(c) With the I-V characteristics of Germanium, Silicon and Gallium arsenide diodes, discuss the reasons for the difference in the characteristics. (6 Marks) 2. (a) Stating the assumptions for ideal diode equation, starting from continuity equation obtain the hole concentration in the N-region of a P diode.
(8 Marks)

(b) What is photolithographic for diffusion? Explain.

process

How is it useful in opening a window

(7 Marks)

(c) Explain, how a required value of resistance is realized in integrated circuits.

(5 Marks)

3. (a) Identify the carriers and current components of each of the three terminal currents of MPN transistor and sketch its energy band diagram for thermal equilibrium and saturation. (6 Marks) (b) Why does the collector current decrease when the transistor is operated in the saturation region? Explain. (4 Marks) (c) A silicon PNP transistor is operating in the active region with VEB = 0.668 volts and VCH = -2V. Given that N AE = 4 x 1017/cm3, N DB = 2 x 16/ cm3, H / cm3, 10 N AC = 2 x 10 W B .= Surn, A = 1.8 x 10-4cm2 and life time of holes and electrons is 1j.Lsec. Determine at 27C. i) The hole-component of emitter current ii) The hole-component of collector current of emitter current of collector current of the base current
Contd .... 2

iii) The electron-component iv) v) The electron-component

The recombination-component

Page No ... 2

EC56

The int.rinsic carrier density for Silicon is 1 x 101oem3 and relative perrnitivity is 11.8. (10 Marks) 4. (a) With the Ebers-Moll mold for the PNP transistor, justify the place for every component in one model with respect to the working of the transistor.
(7 Marks)

(b)

A PNP Silicon BJT has NAP 1018/cm3, NDR 1016/cm3, 13/ em.3, the mettallurgical N;j C = 10 base width is l.Op,m, and A = 37717712. For VEB = O.Svolts and VEe = 5volts, determine at T = 300oK, the effective width of the neutral base. (6 Marks) Early effect, punch through and kirk effect with respect to a bipolar junction transistor. (7 Marks)

(c) Explain the terms :

5. (~) Establishing appropriate relations, explain why BVeBO is larger than EVe EO?
(6 Marks)

(b) Quantitatively, analyse the transit time of carriers in the base region and turn-on time of BJT. (8 Marks) (c) A base current pulse of 275p,A with a duration of 150nsec is used to turn on a silicon PNP BJT in a common-emitter configured circuit with Vee = 5.0 Volts, RL = 1.2Hl, r> B = Ip,sec, W B = Sum; D P B = 10em:? / sec. Determine at 3000 J{, the turn-on time and storage time of the transistor.
(6 Marks)

6. (a) Obtain the high frequency small signal equivalent circuit of a bipolar junction transistor and explain the importance of each to bringout the significance of the figure of merit of the transistor. (8 Marks) (b) What is J PET? With constructional details, explain the wotking of FET.
(6 Marks)

(c) A double - gate N - channel Silicon JFET operating 1019/ cm3, N J) = 1016/ em.3 and a = 1..5/-Lm. Determine i) the built-in voltage

at

3000K

has NA =

ii) the effective channel width for VG = 1 volts and VD = 0 volts iii) the effective channel width for VG = -1 volts and VD = 3 volts (6 Marks) 7. (a) Wit h respect to JFET explain : Channel length modulation, breakdown, variation in mobility and temperature effects. (6 Marks) (b) Discuss energy-band diagrams of metal and N-sem.iconductor before contact and after contact at thermal equilibrium conditions. (8 Marks) (C) A SBD formed on N-Silicon is operating at 300oK. Given MJ) = 2xl013 /em3, the affinity of Silicon is 4.15 eV, and the metal work function is 4.geV. Determine i) the built- in voltage ii) the barrior height iii) the width of the deplct}on layer with Va = 0 (6 Marks) 8. (a.) Explain band bending in MOS devices. (7 Marks) (b) Compare the isolation processes used in the fabrication of the BJT and the MOSFET. (7 Marks) (c) How do you mea.sure the parameters of the MOS t ransister ? Explain.
(6 Marks)

** * **

Page No ... 1

EC/TE5T2

USN
Fifth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, January/February
Engineering

2005

Electronics & Communication/Telecommunication (Old Scheme)

Digital Signal Processing

Time: 3 hrs.]

[Max.Marks: 100
1. Answer any FIVE full questions.

Note:

2. Missing data may suitably be assumed.

1. (a) Determine the order & magnitude squared function of the Chebyshev filter for following specifications. i) ii) Maximum pass band ripple in IdB Stop band attenuation is 40 dB for

n 2: 4rad/

sec.

(10 Marks)

(b) Design an analog filter with maximally flat response in pass band & an acceptable attenuation of -2dB at 20 radysec. The attenuation in stop band should be more than 10dB beyond 30rad/sec. (10 Marks) 2. (a) Compute the DFT of each of the followin~ finite length sequence considered to be of length N

i)
ii)

x[n] :- 8[nJ x[n]

= 8[n-no];O < no < N

(6 Marks)

iii) x[nJ..". an (b) Compute the 8-point DFT of the sequence

x(n) ={I,l,l,l,l,l,O,O}
Sketch its magnitude & phase. 3. (a) means of DFT & IDFT determine the sequence x3(n) the sequences xl(n)&x2(n)
(14 Marks)

By

corresponding to

xl(n) ={2,1,2,1}
i

x2(n) = {1,2,3,4}
T (b) Derive the relationship between Z-transform and DFT.

(10 Marks)

(5 Marks)

(c) Explain how linear convolution can be obtained using DFT and IDFT.
(5 Marks)

Page No ... 2

EC/TE5T2
(10 Marks)
'.

4. (a) Develop the 8-point DIT radix-2 FFT algorithm to find the DFT of a sequence x(n).
~.

(b) Given x(n) 5. (a) Given

{a, 1,2, 3}, Find x(k)

using DIT - FFT algorithm.

(10 Marks)

x( k) = {20, -5.828 - j2.414,0,

-0.172 - j0.414,0, -0.172 -5.828

+ j0.414,0, + j2.414}
(10 Marks)

Find x(n) using inverse radix - 2 DIT-FFT algorithm. (b) What is Bilinear transformation? Bilinear transformation. Obtain the transformation

formula for the

(10 Marks)

6. (a) Design and realize a digital low-pass butterworth filter using the bilinear transformation method to satisfy the following characteristics. i) ii) Monotonic stopband & passband -3.01dB at cutoff frequency of 0.57r radians
(15 Marks) (5 Marks)

iii) Magnitude down atleast 15dB at 0.757r radians. (b) Explain impulse invariant method of designing a digital filter.

7. (a) Design a symmetric FIR L.P.F whose desired frequency response is given as

Hd(w)

= {oe-iWT

for 1 W I:::; otherwise

We

The length of the filter should be '7' & window.

We

= 1rad/

sample.

Use rectangular
(15 Marks) (5 Marks)

(b) List the differences between FIR & IIR filters.

8. (a) Obtain direct form - I, direct form - II and parallel realization of the system given by the following difference equation.

y(n) = !y(n -1) - ty(n - 2) + x(n)

+ tx(n

-1)

(14 Marks)

(b) Realize a linear phase FIR filter with the following impulse response. the necessary equation

Give

h( n)

= 8(n) + t8( n -

1) - i8( n - 2) + 8(n - 4) + t8( n - 3).

(6 Marks)

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Page No ... 1

EC5B3

USN

I Fifth

Semester B.E. Degree Examination,

Electronics
& Communication
,

January/February
Engineering

2005

(Old Scheme)

Telecommunication & Switching

Time: 3 hrs.) [Max.Marks: 100

Note:

Answer

any FIVE full questions.

1. (a) Explain the working of a telephone receiver. With the help of a circuit diagram, show how a small amount of sidetone is coupled into a telephone.
(4+6 Marks)

{b) List and explain' 8 basic functions of a switching system.

(10 Marks)

2. (a) With the help of a schematic diagram, show how a 100 line system can be configured using 24, two motion selectors & 100 uniselectors. Show how a call is established between two subscribers. (4+4+2 Marks) (b) With the help of a schematic diagram, explain how a 100 x 100 switch is implemented using twenty 10 x 10 cross bar switches. What does the number on a link signify?
(4+4+2 Marks)

3. (a) Describe clearly the meaning of pure chance traffic, with the help of necessary

equatiens. traffic.

Explain how Markov chain process is used to model telephone

(6+4 Marks)

(b) Derive an equation for the grade of service E of a system having N trunks, when offered 4 Erlangs of traffic for a lost call system, directly and iteratively.
(10 Marks)

4. (a) A PBX has three operators on duty and receives 400 calls during busy hour. Incoming calls enter a queue and are dealt with in order of arrival. The average time taken by an operator to handle a call is 18 second. Call arrivals are Poissonian and operator service times have negative exponential distribution i) ii) What percentage of calls have to wait for an operator to answer them? What is the average delay, for all calls and for those which encounter delay?
(4+3+3 Marks)

iii) What percentage of calls are delayed beyond 30 seconds'? (b) Derive Erlong's delay formula. queue of finite capacity?

How is the loss probability calculated for a

(6+4 Marks)

5. (a) What is grading? How do you estimate the traffic capacity of gradings? What are the applications of gradings? (3+4+3 Marks)

Contd .... 2

Page No ... 2

EC5B3

(b) Design a two stage network for connecting 200 incoming trunks to 200 outgoing trunks. When will you have the number of cross points to be minimum?
(10 Marks)

6. (a) A T-S-T network has 20 incoming and 20 outgoing PCM highways, each carrying 30 channels. Req uired grade of service is 0.01. Find t he traffic capacity if i) ii) Connection is required to a particular free channel on a selected outgoing highway. Connection is required to a particular channel can be used. outgoing highway, but any free
(5+5 Marks)

(b) Explain, with necessary diagrams i) Space switch ii) Time switch

iii) S-T-Sswitch 7. (a) List the call processing functions in proper sequence and mention the significance of each function.
(10 Marks)

(b) Define availability of the equipment. A stored program control system, has two central processors, one of which acts as a back-up when the other fails. During the busy hour, total traffic offered is 1000E and average holding time is 3 minutes. Processing times for calls can be assumed to have an exponential distribution, with a mean time of 162ms. Normally, load is shared among the two.

i) Find the percentage of tasks which must queue for processing during the busy
hour a) . b) When both processors are operating When one processor is out of service

ii) What happens if the number of calls offered during the busy hour increases by 25% when one processor is out of service? (2+8=10 Marks)

8.

Write short notes on : i) ii) 30 channel PCM frame CCITT signalling system No.7

.,(5X4=20

Marks)

iii) CSMA/CD iv) Evolution of digital switching systems.

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Page No ... 1

EC5T3

USN
Fifth Semester B.E. Degree ExamiIl,ation, January/February
Electronics & Communication Engineering
Old Scheme

2005

Microprocessor
Time: 3 hrs.)
[Max.Marks: 100

Note:

1. Answer any FIVE full questions.

Explain with diagram, the internal architecture
(12 Marks)

1. (a) What is a Microprocessor? of 8085 microprocessor.

b) Why A D7 - ADo lines of 8085 are multiplexed? Give the necessary diagram to demultiplex AD7 - ADo lines from 8085 microprocessor.
(4 Marks)

c) List the status signals in 8085 .Explain their functions.

(4 Marks)

2. (a) Define Instruction

cycle,machine cycle and T -state, with example.

(8 Marks)

b) Write the timing diagram for the following instructions.

i)
ii)

IN 20H LDA F050H.

(8 Marks)

c) Explain the functions of following 'pins of 8085. i) ii) iv) RST 7.5 HOLD SID. an example.
(4 Marks) (4 Marks)

iii) READY

3. (a) Explain the working of DAA instruction,with b) How do you classify the instructions i) ii) Number of bytes Addressing mode

of 8085 .based on

Explain with examples.

(8 Marks)

c) Implement a delay loop, using Register pair,to generate a delay of 0.5 seconds. System frequency is 3 MHz. (8 Marks) 4. (a) What is a stack? On what principle it works? Is it necessary to initialize stack pointer while writing program? Explain with example. (6 Marks) b) Explain the working of CALL address and RET instructions, machine cycles. in terms of
(8 Marks)

c) Write an ALP to exchange higher and lower nibble often 8 bit numbers stored from location FOOOH.Make use of subroutine,by passing parameter through register. (6 Marks)

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EC5T3

5. (a) Differentiate between partial decoding and Absolute decoding in case of device (Memory/I/O) selection.Give an example. (8 Marks) b) Interface 8k byte RAM and 4k byte EPROM to 8085,byabsolute decoding using 74LS138 decoder.Give the memory map starting at address OOOOH for EPROM. (12 Marks)
6. (a) Differentiate between Memory mapped I/O and I/O mappedL'O.
(4 Marks)

b) What is i) ii) Polling Handshaking?

(8 Marks)

Explain with examples.

c) Interface 7-segment displays to 8085 using ports A and B of 8155 and write a segment of program to display. data bytes at each port. (8 Marks) 7. (a) Write a subroutine to transmit an ASCII charecter using SOD line as one bit output port.(ll bits for a .charecter}. (6 Marks) b) Give the Salient features of 8253 timer.
(6 Marks)

c) Explain with internal architecture,the 8. (a) What is DMA transfer?

operation of 8259 PIC.

(8 Marks)

Explain how DMA controller works.

(5 Marks)

b) With block diagram, briefly explain the operation of keyboard/display troller 8279. .
..

con-

(8 Marks)

c) Write ALP to initialize 8251 USART and receive data on polled basis given the parameters. . . Baud rate factor Character length

= 64 = 8 bits
(7 Marks)

No Rarity check and 1 stop bit. Assume port addresses 50 H for data and 51 H for control/status.

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.. .:

-,

~ .

.',

Page No ... 1

EC5ELC2

USN
Fifth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, January/February 2005

Common to EC / TE / CC / EE ) IT / CV / TR / PM / CH

(Old Scheme)

Object Oriented Programming

Time: 3 hrs.] Note: 1. Answer any FIVE full questions. 2. All questions carry equal marks.
(10 Marks)

[Max.Marks : 100

1. (a) Describe briefly the following characteristics. i) Objects iii) Inheritance v) Polymorphism. ii) Classes iv) Stream class hierarchy

(b) Explain the two ways of type conversion using suitable C++ program.
(10 Marks)

2. (a) Mention the specific application and context in which the different loops can , be used. Write a C++ program to compute the cube of numbers from 1 to 10 and print out the result using suitable manipulator. Also discuss the visibility of variables used. (b) Compare and contrast using a C++ program. the if... else statement with a conditional operator
(10 Marks)

3. (a) Specify a structure syntax with all its components. Give a suitable C++ program alongwith the output to illustrate the concept of structure within a structure. (10 Marks) (b) Distance between the passing by reference and passing by value. Show with a suitable program how more than one value is returned to the main by the function. (10 Marks) 4. (a) Compare and contrast external and static. the three storage classes of variables - automatic,
(10 Marks)

(b) With a simple C++ program using a class, explain the terms - object, private, public, inline function, message. (10 Marks) 5. (a) Distinguish between a constructor implement overloaded constructors and a destructor. Develop a program to and show the corresponding output.
(10 Marks)

(b) Combining the concepts of array and class, develop a C++ program to model a stack of computer memory. 6. (a) Illustrate with a suitable overloading. C++ program the concept of binary operator
(10 Marks)

(b) Show how the concatenating of strings programming, using a suitable program.

is achieved in object

oriented
(10 Marks)

Contd .... 2

Page No ... 2 7. ( a) With an C++ program, demonstrate

EC5ELC2 the concept of multiple inheitance.

(10 Marks)

(b) What is a friend function? Use one friend function in C++ program and show its advantages. 8. (a) Write a note on VC++ work bench. (b) Describe the view menu options of V C++ (c) Explain the significance of MFC library. (d) What are the uses of browser?
(5 Marks) (5 Marks) (5 Marks) (5 Marks)

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