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Paige Griffin
Over 2,500 landfills are currently in operation in the United States EPA estimates 10,000 old and abandoned municipal landfills exist
http://www.newlaramielandfill.com/faq.aspx
Leachate composition
Physical, chemical, and microbial processes occurring in the waste release pollutants from the waste into percolating water4
Leachate composition
The problem
Leachate has the potential to contaminate groundwater
o Historically, landfills were built without engineered liners o Recently, a study estimated that 82% of landfill cells had leaks in the liners6
http://www.soilenvironmentservices.co.uk/soil_survey_project_examples.htm
Question 1
Name one environmental issue associated with landfill leachate.
Biodegradation
o Aerobic processes (lagoons, activated sludge) o Anaerobic processes (anaerobic digestion)
http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/english/environmentinhk/waste/ prob_solutions/msw_lenchate.html
http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/english/environmentinhk/waste/ prob_solutions/msw_lenchate.html
Phytoremediation of leachate
o Leachate treated by constructed wetlands and then pumped back to irrigate vegetated landfill cover
Plants
o Phragmites australis (wetlands) o willow and grasses (soil cover)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phragmites
Average 60% removal of major pollutants achieved desired efficiency as leachate pretreatment
http://www.frysvillefarms.com/hybrid-poplar-trees.php
Question 2
Name one plant previously mentioned that could be used to remediate landfill leachate
References
Cover slide photo: http://mikedavidsonent.com/newsite/?p=226 (1) US EPA, 1999. Methane Emissions from Landfills . <http://www.epa.gov/epawaste/nonhaz/municipal/index.htm> (2) Kjeldsen et al., 2010. Present and Long-Term Composition of MSW Landfill Leachate: A Review. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology. Pp. 297-336. (3) Renou et al., 2008. Landfill leachate treatment: Review and opportunity. Journal of Hazardous Materials. Pp. 468-493. (4) Christensen and Kjeldsen, 1989. Basic biochemical processes in landfills. Sanitary Landfilling: Process, Technology and Environmental Impact. (5) Jones et al., 2006. Phytoremediation of landfill leachate. Waste Management. Pp. 825-837 (6) Zero Waste America. LANDFILLS: Hazardous to the Environment. <http://www.zerowasteamerica.org/landfills.htm> (7) Justin and Zupancic, 2008. Combined purification and reuse of landfill leachate by constructed wetland and irrigation of grass and willows. Desalination 246, pp. 157-168. (8) Maurice and Lagerkvist, 2003. LFG emission measurements in cold climatic conditions: seasonal variations and methane emissions mitigation. Cold Regions Science and Technology 36, pp. 37-46. (9) Chan, 1982. Changes to a soil on irrigation with a sanitary landfill leachate. Water , Air, and Soil Pollution 17, pp. 295-304.
(10) Andreottola and Cannes, 1992. Chemical and biological characteristics of landfill leachate. In: Landfilling of Waste: Leachate. Pp. 65-88. (11) Engelbrecht and Amirhor, 1975. Inactivation of enteric bacteria and viruses in sanitary landfill leachate. Federal Communications Commission, NTIS/PB 234. (12) Donnelly et al., 1981. Recovery of faecal indicator and pathogenic microbes from landfill leachate. Land disposal: municipal solid waste, EPA. (13) Pahren, 1987. Micro-organisms in municipal solid waste and public health implications. CRC Critical Reviews in Environmental Control 17, pp. 187-228. (14) Coker, 1983. Biological aspects of the disposal utilization of sewage sludge on land. Advances in Applied Biology 9, pp. 257-322. (15) Menzies, 1986. Pathogen considerations for land application of human and domestic animal wastes. In: Soils for Management of Organic Wastes and Waste Waters. American Society of Agronomy Crop Science Society of America-Soil Science Society of America. Pp. 573-585.