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CHAPTER 5 : CELL DIVISION Multiple Choice Questions Instruction : For Question 1 to Question 10, each question is followed by four options. A, B, C and D. Choose one correct answer for each question and blacken the corresponding space in your answer sheet. 5.1 : Mitosis 1. Diagram 5.1 shows a plant cell undergoing division process.

DIAGRAM 5.1
What is the division phase? A B C D Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase

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2.

Diagram 5.2 shows a cell division of an animal cell.

DIAGRAM 5.2

Duration of the cell division is 24 hours. Which of the following is true? I. Q is diploid II. III. IV. A. B C D 3. I. II. III. There will be 8 cell S after 96 hours R formed after the nuclear division has completed The genetic contents of P and S are the same I, II and III only II, III and IV only I, III and IV only I, II, III and IV

Which of the following is correct about uncontrolled cell division? Substances such as formaldehyde can cause cancer When cancerous cells divide uncontrollably, a tumor is formed When formed, cancerous cells can compete with normal cells for nutrients and energy Uncontrolled meiosis occurs due to severe disruption to the mechanism that controls the cell division A. B. C. D. I, II and III only I, II and IV only I, III and IV only II, III and IV only

IV.

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4.

Which of the followings are the applications of mitosis? I II III IV A B C D Cloning Vegetative reproduction Tissue culture Sexual reproduction of plant I and III only II and IV only I, II and III only II, III and IV only

5.

Which of the following statements does not state the importance of mitotic cell division? A B C D Replace dead cells Produce gamete cells Repair damaged cells Increase the number of cells

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5.2 : Meiosis 6. Diagram 5.3 shows a cell during cell division process.

DIAGRAM 5.3
What is the chromosomal number in the daughter cell after cell division is completed? A B C D 7. 2 4 8 16

Which of the following cells is a product of meiosis?

C D

8.

Which of the following plant structures undergoes meiosis? A Leaves

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B C D 9.

Flowers Pollen grains Epidermal cells

Diagram 5.4 shows an event during meiosis.

DIAGRAM 5.4
Which of the following describes the event? A B C D Spindle fibre breaks down Change of genetic materials occur Reformation of nuclear membrane Chromosomes replication takes place

Female parent 10.

Male parent

Diagram 5.5 shows sexual reproduction in an insect.

5-5
Cell N

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Ovum

Sperm

DIAGRAM 5.5
What is cell N? A B C D Diploid zygote Haploid gamete Haploid zygote Diploid gamete

5.1 Structured Items 1. Diagram 5.6 shows the four phases of mitosis in a plant cell.

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DIAGRAM 5.6 (a) Use the letters W, X, Y, and Z to show the correct sequence of the mitotic process.

[2 marks] (b) Identify the phases W and Z. Give a reason for your answer.

[4marks] (c) Name one tissue in herbaceous plant where you would expect to find cells dividing by mitosis. [1 mark]

(d) Diagram 5.7 shows a drawing of the four phases of mitosis in an animal cell. Label the structures P, Q, R and S on the diagram.

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DIAGRAM 5.7 P: Q: R: S: [4 Marks] 2. Diagram 5.8 shows cell P and cell Q undergoes one of the stages for two types of cell division.

P
(a)(i)

DIAGRAM 5.8

Name the type of cell division. Cell P :

Cell Q : [2 marks] (ii) Give one reason for your answer. Cell P :

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Cell Q : [2 marks]

(b)

State the number of chromosomes in the daughter cell after cell division process shown in Cell Q is completed. Explain.

[2 marks] (c) Give one application of cell division in (b) in animals and plants. Animals: Plants: [2 marks]

Sheep A

Sheep B

Sheep C DIAGRAM 5.9

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(d)

A farmer wants to use the technique shown in Diagram 5.9 to increase the number of his sheep in a short period of time. Describe the technique.

[4 marks]

3.

Diagram 5.10 shows phases X and Y of the cell cycle of an organism. Phase X consists of three sub-phases, R, S and T. Phase Y involves two processes, U and V.

S
T

DIAGRAM 5.10

(a)

Name the phase labelled X and Y. X: Y: [1 mark]

(b)

Describe what happens during sub-phases R, S and T.

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R: S: T: [3 marks] (c) State two roles of process U in an organism. 1. 2.

[2 marks] (d) A duration of a normal cell cycle is 16 hours. Explain what happen if the duration is less than 16 hours.

[2 marks]

(e)

Diagram 5.11 shows stages L, M, N and O in a type of cell division.

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N
DIAGRAM 5.11

(i)

Name the stages L, M, N and O.

Stage L M N O

Name of stage

[1 mark] (ii) State the process happens during stage O. . [2 marks]

(iii)

In the human body, where does this type of cell division take place? [1 mark]

Essay Items

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5.1 Mitosis

Dolly the sheep was the first vertebrate cloned from the cell of an adult animal in 1996. The nucleus was taken from the mammary gland cell of a six-year-old sheep.

1 (a) The life expectancy of a sheep is ten to sixteen years. Dolly died at the age of six. Why was the life span of Dolly shorter than normal? (b) (c) Explain how mitosis maintains genetic stability in an organism. Discuss some of the ethical issues concerning the cloning of humans. Discuss the significance of mitosis in organisms. [3 marks] [10 marks] [10 marks] [7 marks]

5.2 Meiosis

Meiosis is involved in the production of gametes for sexual reproduction. Offspring produced by sexual reproduction differ genetically from the parents. 2.(a) Explain briefly how meiosis makes genetic variation possible. Cell division through meiosis is made of meiosis I and meiosis II. Meiosis II is a type of mitosis division. [10 marks]

(b)

Using a cell of 2n=4, explain how meiosis II is a type of mitosis.

[10 marks]

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