Академический Документы
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Культура Документы
Faisal Siddiqi
Computer Software:
Software means all the programs that runs the computer programs, It controls all the hardware parts in computer.
Liveware:
People (*users) who use / related to computer fields such as Data-Entry operators, Programmer, designer etc.
* A person who uses computers for work or entertainment or communication or business is known as computer user.
Computer Softwares
Computer software, or just software, is a collection
Operating System
A program that controls the execution of application programs An interface between applications and hardware
An operating system (OS) is a collection of software that manages computer hardware resources and provides common services for computer programs. The operating system is a vital component of the system software in a computer
Efficiency
Allows computer system resources to be used in an efficient manner
Ability to evolve
Permit effective development, testing, and introduction of new system functions without interfering with service
Program execution Access to I/O devices Controlled access to files System access
software errors
arithmetic overflow access forbidden memory locations
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Uses a mouse to control objects Uses a desktop metaphor Shortcuts open programs or documents Open documents have additional objects Task switching Dialog boxes allow directed input
User types commands at a prompt User must remember all commands Included in all GUIs
Running Programs
Many different applications supported System call
Provides consistent access to OS features
Managing Hardware
Programs need to access hardware Interrupts
CPU is stopped Hardware device is accessed
Single Tasking
Operating System cannot be able to take control back from the running process/task/application In case if a process call an I/O Instruction then Processor must wait for I/O instruction to complete before preceding
Multitasking
Operating System can take control back from the running process and can give it to other. When one job needs to wait for I/O, the processor can switch to the other job
Enhancing an OS
Utilities
Provide services not included with OS Goes beyond the four functions Firewall, anti-virus and compression Prices vary
Enhancing an OS
Backup software
Archives files onto removable media Ensures data integrity Most OS include a backup package Many third party packages exist
Backup Software
Enhancing an OS
Anti-virus software
Crucial utility Finds, blocks and removes viruses Must be updated regularly McAfee and Norton Anti-Virus
Enhancing an OS
Firewall
Crucial utility Protects your computer from intruders Makes computer invisible to hackers Zone Labs is a home firewall Cisco sells hardware firewalls
Enhancing an OS
Intrusion detection
Often part of a firewall package Announces attempts to breach security Snort is a Linux based package
Enhancing an OS
Screen savers
Crucial utility for command line systems
Prevents burn in
Merely fun for GUI systems Screen saver decorates idle screens
Application Software
Application Software consists of programs that tell a
Presentation Software
Presentation graphic software allows the user to create documents called slides to be used in making the presentations. Using special projection devices, the slides display as they appear on the computer screen. Example: MS Powerpoint 2010
DataBase Software
Allows the user to enter, retrieve, and update data in an organized and efficient manner, with flexible inquiry and reporting capabilities. Example: MS Access 2010
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