Technical English

LESSON 1

NUMBERS
A. Cardinal Numbers
The numbers used to count the object in a group are called cardinal
numbers; 1, 2, 3 etc.
Read these numbers.
1 = one
26 = twenty-six
2 = two
27 = twenty-seven
3 = three
28 = twenty-eight
4 = four
29 = twenty-nine
5 = five
30 = thirty
6 = six
31 = thirty-one
7 = seven
32 = thirty-two
8 = eight
33 = thirty-three
9 = nine
40 = forty
10 = ten
44 = forty-four
11 = eleven
49 = forty-nine
12 = twelve
50 = fifty
13 = thirteen
55 = fifty-five
14 = fourteen
60 = sixty
15 = fifteen
67 = sixty-seven
16 = sixteen
70 = seventy
17 = seventeen
78 = seventy-eight
18 = eighteen
80 = eighty
19 = nineteen
82 = eighty-two
20 = twenty
89 = eighty-nine
21 = twenty-one
90 = ninety
22 = twenty-two
100 = one hundred / a hundred
23 = twenty-three
101 = one hundred (and) one
24 = twenty-four
110 = one hundred (and) ten
25 = twenty-five
989 = nine hundred (and) eighty-nine

1000 = one thousand / a thousand

1011 = one thousand (and) eleven
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2212 = two thousand two hundred (and) twelve

10,200 =
ten thousand and (two) hundred
30,500 = thirty thousand (and) five hundred
65,750 = sixty five thousand seven hundred (and) fifty
100,000 = one hundred thousand
1,000,000
=
one million / a million
1,000,000,000 = one billion / a billion
B. Ordinal Numbers
The numbers used to indicate position or order in a list are called ordinal
numbers; 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc.
1st = first
2nd = second
second
3rd = third
4th = fourth
5th = fifth
6th = sixth
7th = seventh
8th = eighth
9th = ninth
10th = tenth

11th = eleventh
12th

21st = twenty-first
= twelfth 22nd =

13th
14th
15th
16th
17th
18th
19th
20th

23rd
24th
25th
26th
27th
28th
29th
30th

= thirteenth
= fourteenth
= fifteenth
= sixteenth
= seventeenth
= eighteenth
= nineteenth
= twentieth

twenty-

= twenty-third
= twenty-fourth
= twenty-fifth
= twenty-sixth
= twenty-seventh
= twenty-eighth
= twenty-ninth
= thirtieth

C. Odd numbers and even numbers

The odd numbers are those beginning with 1 and counting by twos; 1, 3,
5, 7, 9, etc. The even numbers are those beginning with 2 and counting
by twos; 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, etc.
D. Fraction
A fraction is a quantity less than a whole number expressed
With a
2
numerator
And a
3
denominator
Read these fractions
1

= A half

2
1

= A third or one third

3
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4

3
1
1
5
1

2
12
3

= three elevenths
= five twelfths

Technical English

= A quarter or one fourth

1

= One fifth

5
fourths
1
6

= One sixth

= Two thirds

3
third
3
4

= One and two thirds

1
3

= Thirteen

and

three

4
/ three quarters

21

10
2
= Three fourths or three quarters

= Twenty-one

and

one

3
1
4

= One hundred (and) two

and
4
5

= Four fifths

= Three tenths

a quarter

10
E. Decimal
fraction
A decimal fraction is a fraction with an unwritten denominator of ten or
some power of ten indicated by a point (decimal point) before the
numerator as 0.5 or 0.005. The value of denominator is determined by its
place distance from the decimal point. Zero is not often used in reading
decimal values, so we read oh or nought.
Read these decimal fractions.
1.5

= one and five tenths or you can also say one point five.

3.05 = three and five hundredths or you can also say three point oh five
or three point nought five.
4.75 = four and seventy-five hundredths or you can also say four point
seven five.

7.005 = seven and five thousandths or you can also say seven point
3
nought nought five or seven point oh oh five.
F. Addition
When we add one quantity to another we normally use the word and or
the symbol + (plus). We indicate the result by the symbol = (equals or
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we can also read is equal to or gives), and the total amount we called
the sum.
The formulation is:
6 + 8 = 14
Six plus eight equals fourteen
Or
Six plus eight is equal to fourteen
Or
Six plus eight gives fourteen

G. Subtraction
When we subtract one quantity from another we use the symbol - (minus
or subtracted by), and the result is called the difference.
The formula is:

12 - 7 = 5
Twelve minus seven equals five
Or
Twelve subtracted by seven equals
five

H. Multiplication
When we multiply one quantity by another we use the symbol
4
(multiplied by or
times), and the result is called the
product.
The formula is:

3 5 = 15
Three times five equals fifteen
Or
Three multiplied by five equals
fifteen
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I. Division
When we divide one quantity by another we use the symbol (divided
by), and the result is called the quotient.
The formula is:

12 3 = 4
Twelve divided by three equals four

Exercise 1
Write these numbers in words.
1. 25

...
2. 37

=
...
3. 46

...
4.

257
=

5.

245 =

5
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6. 1019=

..
7. 1300=

..
8. 25,750 =

...
9. 50,150 =

...
10. 125,000 =

Exercise 2
Write these fractions in words.
1.

2.

3.

6
1
3

..
=

4
1
5

23

..
=
2
7

4.

10
5.

..

3
8

..
=
..

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Now write these in figures

6. five fortieths

..

7. six twenty-firsts

..

8. twenty-three and two fifths =

..

9. five and eleven fifteenths

..

10. seven and three thirty-seconds =

..

Exercise 3
Say these sums and write down in words

6
1.

22 + 3 =
...

2.

13 + 17 =
...

3.

50 7

=
...

4.

18 4

=
...

5.

87

=
...

6.

93

=
...

7.

16 10 =
...

8.

105 5 =
...

9.

225 5 =
...
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10. 240 8 =

...
Exercise 4
Study these examples:
Nought point two five

= 0.25

One thousand

= 1,000

Now write these numbers in figures with a comma or a decimal point.

1.

Eighty-five point nine three

...
2.

Ninety-one thousand three hundred and forty-five=

...

3.

Twenty-seven point one four nine

...
4.

Seventy-two thousand eight hundred and thirty-five =

...

5.

Three hundred and eighty-five point two nine three =

...

6.

Three thousand and five

...
7.

Twenty-eight point nine

...
8.

Ten point three nought five

...
9.

Seven thousand two hundred and nineteen

...
10. Three point nought nought five

...

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Exercise 5
These are instructions and answers for addition, subtraction, multiplication
and division.
Instructions : Add eight and seven.
Answers

: Eight plus seven is fifteen.

Instructions : Subtract five from sixteen.

Answers

: Sixteen minus five is eleven.

Instructions : Multiply seven by three.

Answers

: Seven times three is twenty-one.

Instructions : Divide twenty-five by five

Answers

: Twenty-five divided by five is five.

Now work in pairs. Make instructions and answers for these sums in the
same way.
1. 4 + 9
Instructions :

Answers

2. 7 2
Instructions :

Answers

3. 9 3
Instructions :

Answers

4. 18 3
Instructions :

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Answers

5. 25 7

Instructions :

Answers

6. 17 5
Instructions :

Answers

7. 4 12
Instructions :

...
Answers
8.

19 + 6
Instructions :

...
Answers

9. 17 3
Instructions :

...
Answers

10. 42 3
Instructions :

...
Answers

11. 19 + 16
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Instructions :

...
Answers

12. 51 3
Instructions :

...
Answers

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