(1)

According to Raoults law:

where

= vapor pressure of pure component i.

In our case: x
water
=x
methanol
=0.5, thus the vapor pressure would be:

Assuming ideal gases, the molar fraction is x
i
=p
i
/p
total

x
water,g
=0.3/1.05=0.29 and x
methanol,g
=0.75/1.05=0.71
Therefore, the most volatile component is the richest in the gas phase.

(2)
0 = +
B B A A
d X d X
Dividing through by dX
A
:
0
, ,
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
|
|
.
|

\
|
T p
A
B
B
T p
A
A
A
dX
d
X
dX
d
X


since
B A
dX dX = as 1 = +
B A
X X
0
, ,
=
|
|
.
|

\
|

|
|
.
|

\
|
T p
B
B
B
T p
A
A
A
dX
d
X
dX
d
X


with:
( )
X dX
X d 1 ln
= ( ) X X d dX = ln
( ) ( )
T p
B
B
T p
A
A
X d
d
X d
d
, ,
ln ln
|
|
.
|

\
|
=
|
|
.
|

\
|

Then since:
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ =
u
u

p
f
RT ln
( ) ( )
T p
B
B
T p
A
A
X d
p
f
RT d
X d
p
f
RT d
, ,
ln
ln
ln
ln
|
|
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
=
|
|
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
u
u
u
u


( )
( )
( )
( )
T p
B
B
T p
A
A
X
f
X
f
, ,
ln
ln
ln
ln
|
|
.
|

\
|
c
c
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
c
c

One replacing f by p:
( )
( )
( )
( )
T p
B
B
T p
A
A
X
p
X
p
, ,
ln
ln
ln
ln
|
|
.
|

\
|
c
c
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
c
c

If A satifies Raoults law, we can write
-
=
A A A
p X p which implies that:
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
0 1
ln
ln
ln
ln
ln
ln
, , ,
+ =
|
|
.
|

\
|
c
c
+
|
|
.
|

\
|
c
c
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
c
c
-
T p
A
A
T p
A
A
T p
A
A
X
p
X
X
X
p

Thus:
( )
( )
1
ln
ln
,
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
c
c
T p
B
B
X
p

Hence if A satisfies Raoults law, so does B.

(3)
The best value of the molar mass is obtained from values of the data extrapolated to zero concentration,
since it is under this condition that the following equation applies.
RT n V
b
= [
M
cRT
MV
mRT
= = [ with:
V
m
c =
gh = [ [hydrostatic pressure], so c
gM
RT
h
|
|
.
|

\
|
=

Hence, plot h against c identify the slope as:
|
|
.
|

\
|
gM
RT

1 4 2
3
10 29 , 0
29 , 0

=
|
|
.
|

\
|
kg m
dm g
cm
gM
RT

( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( ) mol
Kg
kg m s m m kg
K mol K J
M
kg m g
RT
M
87
10 29 , 0 81 , 9 10 004 , 1
15 , 298 3144 , 8
10 29 , 0
1 4 2 2 3 3
1
1 4 2
=


=
=

=

(4)
(a)
On a Raoults law basis, a=p/p*, a=x, and =p/xp*. On a Henrys law basis, a=p/K, and =p/xK. The
vapor pressures of the pure components are given in the table of data and are:
p
I
* =47.12 kPa, p
A
*= 37.38 kPa
(b)
The Henrys law constants are determined by plotting the data and extrapolating the low concentration
data to x=1. The data are plotted in the figure below. K
A
and K
I
are estimated as graphical tangents at
x
I
=1 and x
I
=0, respectively. The values obtained are: K
A
=60.0 kPa and K
I
=62.0 kPa.


Then draw up the following table based on the values of the partial pressures obtained from the plots at
the values of x
I
given in the figure.
xI 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
pI/kPa 0 12.3 22.0 30.7 38.7 47.12

pA/kPa 37.38

30.7 24.7 18.0 10.7 0
I(R) ---- 1.30 1.17 1.09 1.03 1.000[pI/xIpI
*
]
A(R) 1.000 1.03 1.10 1.20 1.43 - [pA/xApA
*
]
I(H) 1.000 0.990 0.887 0.824 0.780 0.760[pI/xIpI
*
]

The value of p
A
*;

The value of p
I
*