Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
02Smeth1
Subsampling experiments promote efficient use of space and materials, and measures variability among observational units. They are most efficient when there is much variation in response among explants and little outside variation.
02Smeth2
The design is not efficient when there is little variation among explants or when there is a high degree of variability from some other identifiable source. This is because it reduces the df for experimental error which means that a higher F-value is required to detect significant differences among treatments. If there is a little variation among experiments, a CRD without subsampling should be used. If variation from an identifiable source exists, a RCBD with subsampling should be used.
02Smeth3
Subsampling
Often multiple observations are collected on an experimental unit.
For example, you may have four plants in a single pot each receiving the same treatment. The experimental unit for treatment comparisons being the pot of four plants.
However, if you are interested in plant height you may measure the height of each of the plants within the pot. You would then have four sampling units per experimental unit.
02Smeth4
The main reason for having multiple sampling units per experimental unit is cost. That is the cost for measuring all four plants in each pot is small compared to the cost of measuring a single plant in four times as many pots.
02Smeth5
It is very important to note that subsampling does not increase the number of replications. That is in terms of treatment comparisons you might as well analyze the average height of the four plants. The number of replications is still the number of EXPERIMENTAL UNITS per TREATMENT, not the number of observations per treatment.
02Smeth6
Replications of treatments are assigned completely at random to independent groups of experimental subjects, such as adjacent trees, plants within the same pot or leaves on the same tree. Adjacent groups could potentially have the same treatment. A group of experimental subjects is considered a single independent experimental unit.
02Smeth7
Large EU make subsampling a necessity. In other experiments, the researcher may introduce subsampling in order to study the within variability. Knowledge of this variation may be of value in future research experiments.
02Smeth8
Sample layout:
There are 4 replications (1-4) of 3 treatments (A-C) with 3 subsamples (a-c) per replication. Different colors represent different treatments.
A1a A1b A1c B2a B2b B2c C3a C3b C3c B4a B4b B4cB1a B1b B1c A2a A2b A2c C2a C2b C2c A4a A4b A4cC1a C1b C1c B3a B3b B3c A3a A3b A3c C4a C4b C4c
02Smeth9
Examples on Subsampling
Example Trt E.U. Sampling Unit
Agronomy
Fertilizer Rate
Plot
Plot has 6 rows and only harvest 2 rows Row is Sampling Unit
Animal Science
Diet
Pen of 4 Measure 2 calves calves Calf = Sampling Unit Measure 2 samples from beaker, Sample = Sampling Unit
02Smeth10
02Smeth11
Model
02Smeth12
ANOVA
02Smeth13
tr(s-1) SSS
trs-1 SSY
MSS
02Smeth14
02Smeth15
Example
02Smeth16
Hypothesis
02Smeth17
02Smeth18
02Smeth19
02Smeth20
02Smeth21
02Smeth22
02Smeth23
02Smeth24
tr(s-1) SSS
trs-1 SSY
MSS
02Smeth25
02Smeth26
02Smeth27
Example
02Smeth28
Data
02Smeth29
ANOVA
02Smeth30
02Smeth31
Trt Plot 1 2 3 4
1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
02Smeth32
ANOVA
Sov Trt Exp. Error df t-1 r.- t
t = # of treatment. r. = # E.U
ANOVA
Sov Trt Exp. Error df t1 r.- t = (4-1) = 3 = 26 4 = 22 52 26 = 26 52 1 = 51
02Smeth34