What is Water...............................1-2 The Water Cycle...........................3-4 The History of Water.....................5-6 Water, Water, and More Water.....

7-8 Rivers and Lakes........................9-10 Groundwater.............................11-12 Glaciers....................................13-14 Whirlpools.................................15-16 Geyser......................................17-18

Dedicated To Emily J. Field An amazing grandmother. -EJF To Brian Friedrick - wish you were here to enjoy our book. -GRF To Judy and Cecil Williams - amazing grandparents, parents, and people. -SRW

Silica = A colorless compound (Si02) Magma chamber = A chamber that is filled with magma that is temporary porous rock = rock that allows a passage in and out

Water is everywhere. In the air, in people, in the ground, in people- it's in everything! Hi, I'm Dr. Droplet and this is my son Droplet JR. Follow us as we explore the wide world of water.

CAN YOU HELP ME FIND DROPLET JR? HE SEEMS TO HAVE GONE MISSING HE SHOULD BE HERE SOMEWHERE.....

About 70% of Earths surface is water. 97% of all the water on earth is salt water. The leftover 3% of all water is fresh. 2% of the fresh water is frozen.

w h a t i s w a t e r

Ice cubes are water in its solid form.

A glass of water shows water in its liquid form. It is something that is humans use every day.

w h a t i s w a t e r

Glaciers are forms of water. They move slowly over time and collect snow to get bigger.

The steamy gas above the pot is really water. It evaporated because of the heat.This is water in its gaseous form.

If you melted a snowball, you would get water.

w h a t i s w a t e r

How long has water been here?

For all we know, water has been on earth since the beginning of time. No one really knows how it got here, but scientists have many theories. Some think that water came with an asteroid from space many years ago, others think that water steamed out of the earth's mantle, but no one knows the true answer.

REALLY?
Put it this way, the water that you are drinking now could have melted off a glacier, helped make the Grand Canyon or could have been drunk by a dinosaur many years ago! In ten years you could be drinking some of the same water you are drinking now!
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W h a t i s W a t e r

The water cycle is like a big circle. It never ends and has been going on since the beginning of time.

There is no real beginning. Water is always and always will be moving through the water cycle.
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First, the water gets evaporated by the sun from ponds, rivers, oceans, and wet areas. Second, the water starts to build up in the sky. This is called condensation, the making of clouds. Third, after the cloud has built up a lot, there is so much water in it that it cant hold it anymore. This is precipitation or what we know as rain. Last step: the cloud rains and the water goes back in the ground, lakes, oceans, and rivers. Then the cycle starts over! The amazing thing is that this whole cycle is powered by the sun! Without the sun we would not have the water cycle. Thanks to the sun we reuse our water!

w h e r e i s w a t e r

Ground water is formed after storms. After it rains, the water goes into the ground and keeps sinking into the ground until it cant sink any deeper. Once it cant go any farther underground, it starts to form underground puddles and tiny streams and lakes. Those are called aquifers.
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Many people drink groundwater. Thats why its important to keep it clean and not waste it. In the United States, people waste 2/3 of all the freshwater. Thats more than half of all the water that you drink, bathe, and cook with! As soon as this water goes down a drain, it travels into the ocean and instantly turns into saltwater. A way that you could save the freshwater is to take shorter showers. You could also turn the water off when you brush your teeth. If you cook something and you have extra water, use it to water a plant or drink it. That way it doesnt get wasted.

W h e r e i s w a t e r ?

The Grand Canyon was formed by a river. Over a long period of time the river ran over the same spot and wore away rocks and pebbles causing them to disappear. After years the river made so many rocks vanish that it formed a big hole in the ground. Now the hole is known as the Grand Canyon and at the bottom of it, the Colorado river is still running and disintegrating tiny rocks.
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A lake is a large body of water that is surrounded by land. Most lakes are fresh water, but there are some lakes that are saltwater. One example of a saltwater lake is The Great Salt Lake. It has a width of 35 miles and a length of 75 miles.

The Great Salt Lake is salty because small streams bring salty water into the lake. When the water evaporates, all of the salt is left behind. In fact, the water is so salty that if you went swimming in it you wouldnt be able to sink!

D i f f r e n t f o r m s o f w a t e r

Water can be in 3 different forms or states: solid state, liquid state, and gas state. A glacier is an example of the solid state of water. Water freezes when it gets really cold and creates ice. Ice is the solid form of water. A glacier is made up of a lot of ice, along with dirt, rocks, debris, and also snow.

There are different materials in a glacier. At the top theres a lot of snow and underneath there is a lot of ice. The weight and pressure melts some of the ice at the very bottom. The melted ice at the bottom is like mush and so the big ice mountain slides. You could think of it as a giant ice slug.
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A whirlpool is a form of water. It is water in its liquid state. A whirlpool is just one of many examples of waters liquid state. It can be caused in big oceans and small streams, so basically it can form in any place with water.
D i f f r e n t f o r m s o f w a t e r

Are all whirlpools permanent? Small whirlpools can form briefly in rivers and some ponds and then disappear. The most powerful whirlpool in the world is Saltstraumen. It is a whirlpool located off Norway, caused by a very strong tide in the area and it is a permanent whirlpool, which means that it does not go away.
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A geyser is a gas state of water. It is a liquid form of water in the ground until it reaches the surface and becomes a gas or vapor. A geyser is a example of waters last state or form, vapor or gas.

D i f f r e n t f o r m s o f w a t e r

Old Faithful can shoot up to 100 feet easily! Old Faithful is one of the three biggest geysers in the world. Old Faithful is located in Yellowstone National Park, California. It entertains park visitors by erupting steam and hot water every 30 minutes.

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Experiments:
Create your own whirlpool: Things youll need: - two plastic bottles of 1 or 2 liters and covers. -Insulating tape -screwdriver Step 1: Make a 1 cm hole in each bottle cap. Step 2: Fill 1 bottle with parts water Step 3: Place the empty bottle above the full one by linking them with duct tape. Step 4: Spin the bottle in a circular motion while tipping it over so that the water falls into the empty bottle. Watch as the water makes a whirlpool Step back about 3-6 feet and watch the magic begin!

Evaporation: Things that youll need: - One teaspoon of fresh water - A small plate Step 1: Carefully pour the water onto the plate. Step 2: Go to bed or wait for 7-12 hours. When you come back is there water there if not it has evaporated if there is still water on the plate there is probably not a lot of moisture in the air. Maybe if you wait a little longer it will evaporate.
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Geyser explosion: Things youll need: - A roll of Mentos - A piece of paper - A playing card - A two liter bottle of Diet or Coke Zero Step 1: Go outside or somewhere you can make a big mess. Step 2: Open the bottle of coke and put it on the ground. Step 3: Roll the paper into a tube so that the Mentos will t inside. Step 4: Hold the tube upright and put the card underneath it. Step 5: Load 4-6 Mentos into the tube and hold the tube over the bottle so that the card is resting on the open part of the bottle. Step 6: Slip the card out from under the Mentos and make sure that all of the Mentos go into the tube. Eggs: Things that youll need: -Two cups (clear works best) one full of fresh water and one full of salty water. -Two eggs Step 1: Put one of the eggs in the cup of salty water. Step 2: Put the other egg in the cup of fresh water. Observe. Which one oats and why?
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"Climate." Interesting Facts about the Arctic Ocean. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2013. <http://students.umf.maine.edu/ katie.l.thomas/public.www/Oceans%20Webpage/Arctic%20Ocean/Arctic%20Ocean%20Interesting%20Faces %20Webpage.html>. "Contamination of Water and Soil by Sewage and Water Treatment Sludge." ExtoxNet FAQs. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 Jan. 2013. <http://extoxnet.orst.edu/faqs/safedrink/sewage.htm>. "Difference between hot springs and geysers." Stumblerz. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 Jan. 2013. <http://www.stumblerz.com/ difference-between-hot-springs-and-geysers/>. "Glacier Facts." HubPages. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 Jan. 2013. <http://hassam.hubpages.com/hub/Glaciers>. "The Great Lakes." Glin. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Dec. 2012. <http://www.great-lakes.net/lakes/>. "Great Salt Lake Facts." Utah.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 4 Jan. 2013. <http://www.utah.com/stateparks/ great_salt_lake_facts.htm>. "How Geysers Work." National Park Service. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Jan. 2013. <http://www.nps.gov/yell/naturescience/ geysers_work.htm>. Painless Earth Science. Hauppauge: Barron's Educational Series, 2011. Print. "10 Facts About Whirlpools." palisadespete. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Dec. 2012. <http://palisadespete.wordpress.com/ 2012/09/15/10-facts-about-whirlpools/>. Vogt, Gregory. The Hydrosphere Agent of Change. Minneapolis: Twenty First Century Books, 2007. Print. "What are glaciers." Charlotte, the Vermont Whale. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Dec. 2012. <http://www.uvm.edu/whale/ GlaciersWhatAre.html>. "Whirlpools." Encyclopdia.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Dec. 2012. <http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/whirlpool.aspx>. "Workings of a Geyser." Old Faithful Geyser of Calafornia. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 Jan. 2013. <http:// www.oldfaithfulgeyser.com/information.html>.