BIKOL DICTIONARY

diksionriong bkol Malcolm W Mintz

Volume I

English - Bikol Index

ndiseng ingls - bkol

Volume II

Bikol - English Dictionary

diksionriong bkol - ingls

and incorporating the 17 th century

Vocabulario de la lengua Bicol

M a rc o s d e L is b o a

 2004 Malcolm W Mintz Pu blished by: Indonesian / Malay Texts and Resou rces, Perth, Western Australia First edition published 1971 as Bikol-English Dictio nary under the imprint Pali Language Texts: Philippines, University of Hawaii Press Second edition published 1985 as Bikol-English Dictionary: Diksionriong Bkol-Ingls, New Day Publishers All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publishers. Cover design by: MW Mintz ISBN 0 9580383 3 3 ISBN 0 9580383 4 1 ISBN 0 9580383 5 X Bikol Dictionary Set English - Bikol Index Bikol - Englis h Dictionary Cover design shows the early Bikol and Tagalog alphabet as found i n the Spanish archives [Franciscan Archive, MS. 528/27; Museo Naval, MS . 2287, Doc. 32, f 214-214v]

Set in Point 10/11 ZapfEllipt Roman BT Printed by: Uniprint, Perth, Western Australia

ii

BIKOL DICTIONARY
diksionriong bkol

Volume I

English - Bikol Index

ndiseng ingls - bkol

MAPS
mga mpa
Volum e I: i. ii. iii.
The Bikol Region Quipayo Naga City

... vi ... 272 ... 295

Volum e II: iv.

Legas pi City

... 811

The Philippines
Bikol Region (shaded area) See m ain map

map i. The Bikol Region

vi

ABBREVIATIONS
mga pinali'pt na tatarmon
arcBIK MYT DEEAM

figHOK -

inflitlit:
MDL

o/s

archaic Bikol mythology dialect English Elsa Alcantara Mampo figurative Ho kkien Chinese informal literary literally Marcos de L isboa oneself

PL PSP -

R
SG

slSP s/o s/t

TAG -

typvul-

plural Philippine Spanish Reduplication singular slang Spanish som eone something Tagalog type vulgar

ILLUSTRATIONS
mga retrto
Volum e I: i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. vii. viii. ix. x. xi. xii. xiii. xiv. xv. xvi.
Petition from the visita of Linao to s eparate from th e town of Libong, 1661 [Franciscan Archive, MS 94/45] Early Bikol Alphabet [Franciscan Archive, MS . 528/27] Title page, Marcos de Lisboa, Vocabulario de la lengua Bicol, 1754 Retana. Supersticiones de los Indios Filipinos An m aogm ang vida ni Vicente - Antonio, Cecilio Publications, Naga City Blumen tritt. Diccionario mitologico de filipinas Jos Rizal. Ultimo Adios, binicol ni TV Sayson Martinez. Explicacion de la Doctrina Christiana en el Idioma Bicol Castao. Breve Noticia Acerca del Origen, Religin, Creencias y Supersticiones de los Antiguos Indios del Bcol. Explicacion can Abecedario asin las Vocales, Cecilio Publications, Naga City Padre Santa Maria. Manual o A rt e Sa Pagbolong sa Laog nin Harong, binicol ni M. Perfecto. Cecilio Publications, Naga City Voca bulario nin mga Pang ator o g n asin an mga cahologan, sinurat ni RR Imperial, Cecilio Publications, Naga City Pronostico o Oraculo, Cecilio Publications, Naga City San Agustin. Arte de la lengua Bicol Agui-agui ni Blanca Nieves, Cecilio Press, Naga City Church Tariff (Arancel). Camarines, 1742 [Franciscan Archive, MS 92/20]

... xii ... 79 ... 80 ... 120 ... 168 ... 179 ... 210 ... 222 ... 237 ... 248 ... 262 ... 316 ... 357 ... 377 ... 399 ... 400

Volum e II: xvii. xviii. xix. xx. xxi. xxii. xxiii. xxiv. xxv. xxvi. xxvii.
Title page, Marcos de Lisboa, Vocabulario de la lengua Bicol, 1865 Maogma asin mam undong agi-agi kan inaguihan na buhay ni Ro meo asin Juliet sa Ciudad nin Verona, sinu rat ni RR Imperial. Cecilio Publications, Naga City, 1968 Sample page, Bicol-Span ish, Lis boa, Vocabulario de la lengua Bicol, 1865 Kasaysayan can Sampolong Togon nin Mahal na Dios, Cecilio Press, Naga City Kasaysayan can Via Crucis o Pag Estacion, Cecilio Press, Naga City Z iga. Estadismo de las islas filipinas Entrada de la Seraphica Religin de NPS Francisco de las Islas Philipinas Makalolodok na agui -a gui kan buhay asin pagkamoot ni Princesa Marina, Cecilio Publications, Naga City Sample page, Bicol-Span ish, Lis boa, Vocabulario de la lengua Bicol, 1754 Sample page, Span ish-Bicol, Lisboa, Vocabulario de la lengua Bicol, 1754 Retana. Diccionario de Filipinismos

...

iv

... 445 ... 510 ... 544 ... 544 ... 552 ... 578 ... 633 ... 728 ... 837 ... 908

vii

REFERENCES
mga hihilngn
Blair, Emma Helen and James Alexander Robertson. 1903-1909. The Philippine Islands, 1493-1898, 55 Vols. Clevelan d: AH Clark; CD-ROM version, Bank of the Philippine Islan ds. Blumen tritt, Fernan do. 1895 Diccionario mitologico de filipinas, Madrid. Cassel's Spanish-English English-Spanish dictionary. 1970. London: Cassel. Calleja-Reyes, Jose. 1968. "Ibaln: An An cient Bikol Epic", Philippine Studies, 16 (2): 318-347. Castao, P. Fr. Jos. 1895. Breve Noticia Acerca del Origen, Religin, Creencias y Su pe rsticiones de los Antiguos Indios del Bcol. Madrid: Colegio de Mision eros de Almagro 318-347. Chirino, Pedro S.J. 1969. Relacin de las Islas Filipinas (1604). Manila: His torical Con servation Society. Christianization of the Philippines. 1965. Bulletin VI: Historical Conservation Society. Manila: Historical Conservation Society and The University of San Agustin. English, Leo James. 1965 English-Tagalog Dictionary, Manila: Department of Education, Philippines. English , Leo James. 1986. Tagalog-English Dictionary. Manila: Congregation of the most Holy Redeemer. Entrada de la Seraphica Religin de NPS Francisco de las Islas Philipi nas. 1895. An anonymous manu script of 1649 held at the Biblioteca Nacional, Madrid, MS S No. 505. Espinas, Merito B. 1968. "A Critical Study of the Ibalong, The Bikol Folk Epic Fragment", Unitas, 41 (2): 173-249. Gerona, Danilo Madrid. 1988. From Epic to History: A Brief Introduction to Bicol History. Naga City, Philippines: Ateneo de Naga. Glare, PG. 1982. Oxford Latin Dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press. The Heritage illustrated dictionary of the English language. 1973, New York: McGraw-Hill. Lisboa, Marcos de. 1754. Vocabulario de la lengua Bicol. Manila: Con vento de Nuestra Seora de Loreto del Pu eblo de Sampaloc; reprinted in 1865, Manila: Establecim iento Tipografico del Colegio de Santo Tomas. Mampo, Elsa Alcantara. 1980 Study of the Folk Dramas in Cana'man, Camarines Sur which Focus on the Finding of the Cross, unpu blished. Martinez, Domingo. 1708. Explicacion de la Doctrina Christiana en el Idioma Bicol, Manila: Convento de NPS Francisco. McFarland, Curtis D. 1981. A Linguistic Atlas of the Philippines. Manila: De La Salle University & the Linguistic Society of the Philippines Mintz, Malcolm W. and Jos del Rosario Britan ico. 1985. Bikol-English Dictionary (with an English-Bikol Index). Manila: New Day Publishers. Mintz, Malcolm W. 2001. "Bikol", in Jan e Garry and Carl Rubin o (ed). Facts about the World's Languages: An Encyclopedia of the World's Major Languages, Past and Present. New York and Dublin: The HW Wilson Com pany / A New En gland Publishing As sociates Book Morga, A ntonio de. 1971. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas (1609). Cambridge: The Haklu yt Society University Press. National Statistical Information Center, Regional Statistical Coordination Com m ittee, Region V. www.nscb.gov.ph Panganiban, Jos Villa. 1973 Diksyunario Tesauro Pilipino-Ingles. Quezon City: Manlapuz Publishing. Phelan, John Leddy. 1959. The Hispanization of the Philippines: Spanish Aims and Filipino Responses, 1565-1700. Filipiniana Reprint Series, 1985. Manila: Cacho Hermanos. Platero, Eusebio Gomez. 1880. Catlogo Biogr fico de los Religiosos Franciscano s de la Provincia de San Gregorio Magno de Filipinas. Manila: Imprenta del Real Colegio de San to Tomas. Retana, W.E. 1894. Supersticiones de los Indios Filipinos, Madrid: Imprenta de la Viuda de Minuesa de los Rios. Retana, W.E. 1895. Los Antiguous Alfabetos de Filipinas, Manila. Retana, W.E. 1901 Aparato bibiografico de la historia general de Filipinas, Volumes 1-4, Madrid. Retana, W.E. 1921. Diccionario de Filipinismos. Madrid: La Real Academia Espaola. San Agustin, Andres de. 1739. Arte de la lengua Bicol, Manila: Conve nto de Nuestra Seora de Loreto del Pueblo de Sampaloc. San ta Maria, Fernando de. n d. Manual o Arte sa Pagbulong sa Laog nin Harong: Man ua l de M edicinas Caseras, Naga City. Scott, William Henry. 1992. Looking for the Prehispanic Filipino and Other Essays in Philippine History. Quezon City: New Day Publishers. Scott, William Henry. 1995. Barangay: Sixteenth Century Philippine Culture and Society. Manila: Ateneo de Manila University Press. Wolff, John U. 1971. A Dictionary of Cebuano Visayan. Manila: Linguistic Society of the Philippines. Z iga, Joaqun Martinez de. 1803. Estadismo de las islas filipinas, Volume 2, Madrid.

viii

CON TENTS
mga nalalagd'
PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS panot na tatarmon asn pasalmat MAPS mga m pa ABBR EVIATIONS mga pinali'pt na tatarmon ILLUSTRATIONS mga retrto REFEREN CES mga hihilngn CONT ENT S mga nalalagd' INTRODUCTION pagpamidbd

...

...

vi

... vii

... vii

... viii

...

ix

...

1. 2.
2.1 2.2 2.3

The dialects of Bikol Change over time

Change in vocabulary and meaning Change in sounds and word formation Change in sentence structure

...

... ... ... ...

2 3 4 4

3.
3.1

The alphabet and writing system

The writing of native Bikol words (i) The writing of i and e (ii) The writing of u and o 3.2 The writing of w ords borrowed from Spanish (i) Vowels (ii) Consonants 3.3 The writing of w ords borrowed from English

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

4 4 5 5 5 6 6 8

4.
4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4

The sound system of Bikol

Vowels Diphthongs Semivowels Consonants CHART OF VO WELS CHART OF CONSONANTS 4.5 4.6 (i) Timing Word stress On the base

... 9 ... 9 ... 11 ... 12 ... 12 ... 16 ... 16 ... 17 ... 17 ... 17 ix

(ii) (iii)

On bases with suffixes On reduplicated bases

... 18 ... 18

5.
5.1

The sentences and phrases of Bikol

Syntactic markers (i) Subject markers (ii) Nonsubject agent (iii) Nonsubject object or goal (iv) Nonsubject indirect object or location 5.2 Personal pronouns (i) Subject (ii) Inclusive and exclusive pronouns (iii) Ka and ik (iv) Nonsubject agent (v) Notes on tak (vi) Nonsubject object, indirect object or location 5.3 Demonstrative pronouns (i) Subject (ii) Nonsubject agent or object (iii) Nonsubject indirect object or location 5.4 Verbs (i) Verbs taking m ag-, -on (ii) Verbs taking mag-, i(iii) Verbs taking mag-, -an (iv) Verbs taking mag(v) No tes on the use of the affix i(vi) Notes on the form of -on and -an 5.5 Tense and aspect (i) Infinitive-command (ii) Future (iii) Past (iv) Progressiv e 5.6 Sentence patterns (i) Verbal sentences (ii) Equational sentences (iii) Existential sentences 5.7 Answering yes and no 5.8 Linkers 5.9 Possessive phrases (i) Postposed possessive phrase (ii) Preposed possessive phrase 5.10 Modification phrases (i) Postposed modification phrase (ii) Preposed m odification phrase 5.11 Adjectives (i) Form of the adjective (ii) Formation of the plural (iii) Formation of the superlative (iv) Form ation of the comparative

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 21 22 22 22 23 23 23 23 24 24 24 24 25 25 25 26 26 26 26 26 27 27 27 28 29 30 30 30 31 31 31 31 32 32 32 32 32 33

6.
6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 x

Verbal affixes
Instrumental and benefactive: the affix iIndirect object and lo cation: the affix -an Potential: the affixes maka-, maSocial: the affixes maki-, pakiGeneral: the affixes mang-, pang-

... ... ... ... ... ...

33 33 33 34 35 35

6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 6.10 6.11 6.12 6.13 6.14 6.15 6.16 6.17 6.18 6.19 6.20 6.21 6.22 6.23 6.24 6.25 6.26

Transitional: the affix hingIntensive: the affix pagRepetitive: the affix paraCausative: the affix paConsequential: the affix -uminImpending: the affixes mina- and na) ) Reciprocal: the affix -an Accom panied: the affix kaDevelopmental: the affix magkaReflexive: the affixes -on and -an Continuous: the affix nakaCollective: the affix mangagPlural Mitigating Alternate com mands: the affixes -um-, -a, -an and iTransitory: mgin Prevailing: -iminPreferential: ma- + -uminImitative: mag- + -inAdaptive: m ag- + saVerbal affixes in com bination

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

36 37 37 38 40 40 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 44 45 46 47 47 47 48 48

7.
7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4

Nominal affixes
affix -an affixes ka--an affix kaaffix pagThe nom inal with no object The nom inal with an object The plural pangagThe affix pagkaThe nom inal with no object The nom inal with an object The plural pangagkaThe affix paraThe affix paThe affix pangThe affix pakiThe The The The

(i) (ii) (iii) 7.5 (i) (ii) (iii) 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

49 49 49 49 49 49 50 50 50 50 51 51 51 52 52 52

8.
8.1

Use of the dictionary

(i) (ii) 8.2 (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) The English Index Introduction Headwords The Bikol-English Dictionary Alphabetizing Form of the entry Special categories Etymology Single source entries

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

52 52 52 55 57 57 58 60 61 62

9.
9.1 9.2

Working with Lisboa's Vocabulario de la lengua Bicol

Introduction to the 1754 edition Examining entries in the 1754 and 1865 editions (i) Examples from the 1754 edition (ii) Separating out the words

... ... ... ... ...

62 63 64 64 65 xi

(iii) Terms included only within other entries (iv) Examples with no Spanish translation (v) Unidentified words in example sentences (vi) Bikol w ords used in Spanish definitio ns (vii) Bikol words used in Spanish definitions replaced by Spanish (viii) Misprints and errors in the 1754 or 1865 editions (ix) Additions in the 1865 edition (x) Omissions in the 1865 edition (xi) Differences between the 1754 and 1865 editions (xii) Recourse to the Spanish - Bikol dictionary (xiii) Synonyms without a clear referent 9.3 Letters and the early alphabet

... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 76 76 78

ENGLISH -BIKOL IN DEX ndiseng bkol-ingls

... 81

BIKOL-ENGLISH DICTIONARY diksionriong bkol-ingls

... 401

i. Petition, 1661

xii