2010 GCE A Level H2 Maths Solution Paper 1 1i) Given | a | = | b | (2p)2 + (3p)2 + (6p)2 = 12 + 22 + 22 4p2 + 9p2 + 36p2 = 9 49p2

= 9 9 p2 = 49 3 p=7 since p > 0. (ii) Method 1: (a + b) (a b) =aa+baabbb = | a |2 + a b a b | b |2 = | a |2 | a |2 =0 Method 2: (a + b) (a b) 6 6 +1 7 71 9 9 = 72 7+2 18 18 7 +2 7 2 13/7 1/7 = 5/7 23/7 32/7 4/7 13 115 128 = 49 49 + 49 =0 2i) ex (1 + sin 2x) x2 = (1 + x + 2! +...)(1 + 2x ...) x2 = (1 + x + 2 +...)(1 + 2x ...) x2 = 1 + x + 2x + 2 + 2x2 ... 5 = 1 + 3x + 2 x2 +... 4 (ii) (1 + 3 x)n 4 n(n 1) 4 = 1 + n 3 x + 2! ( 3 x )2 +... First two terms are equal 4 1 + n 3 x = 1 + 3x 4 n3=3 9 n=4

Teaching Point: Method 1 is preferred since the value of p may have been wrongly obtained in part (i).

4 Third term of (1 + 3 x)n n(n 1) 4 2 2! ( 3 x ) 9 5 8 = 4 ( 4 ) 9 x2 5 = 2 x2 Therefore the third terms in each series are equal. 3i) un = Sn Sn1 = n(2n + c) (n 1)[2(n 1) + c] = 2n2 + nc (n 1)(2n 2 + c) = 2n2 + nc (2n2 2n 2n + 2 + nc c) = 4n 2 + c (ii) un+1 = 4(n + 1) 2 + c = 4n + 4 2 + c = un + 4 4i) Differentiating w.r.t. x: dy dy 2x 2y dx + 2x dx + 2y = 0 dy x + (x y) dx + y = 0 dy (x y) dx = y x dy x + y dx = y x (ii) Tangent parallel to xaxis dy dx = 0 x+y=0 y = x Substituting into the original equation: x2 (x)2 + 2x(x) + 4 = 0 x2 x2 2x2 + 4 = 0 2x2 = 4 x2 = 2 x= 2, 2 y= 2, 2 Coordinates of points = ( 2 , 2 ) and ( 2 , 2 ) (x 2)3 5i) y= 2 6 When x = 0, y = 4 6 = 10 (x 2)3 When y = 0, 2 = 6 (x 2)3 = 12 = x2= x=2+ 3 3 12 12 2

Teaching Point: Students must give the answer as coordinates, instead of just the values of x and y.

Coordinates = (0, 10) and (2 +

12 , 0) !(x-2)^ 3/2-6%

(2 + (0, 10) (ii) (0, 2 +

12 , 0)

12 )

Teaching Point: There is no need to waste time to find an explicit expression for f 1. `88: DrawInv v>11: Functions 11: Y1 e

(10, 0)

6i)

From GC, = 0.347, = 1.532

(ii)

Area = | 1.532 x3 3x + 1 dx | 0.347 = 0.781

(iii)

Let x3 3x + 1 = 1 x(x2 3) = 0 x = 0, 3 x3 3x + 1 dx Area = 0 3

( 3 )(1)

Teaching Point: It is a good idea to check the answer with a GC, even though the question says use a noncalculator

0 x2 x4 =[ 4 3 2 +x] 3 9 9 =[42 3] 9 =4

3 3

method.

dy 2 dx = 3x 3 = 0 x2 = 1 x = 1, 1 y = 3, 1 The equation has 3 real distinct roots if 1 < k < 3. d 7) dt 20 d where k = constant dt = k(20 ) d When = 10, dt = 1 10k = 1 1 k = 10 1 1 d = 10 dt 20 1 ln (20 ) = 10 t + C When t = 0, = 10 C = ln 10 1 ln (20 ) = 10 t + ln 10 20 = 10et/10 = 20 10et/10 15 = 20 10et/10 10et/10 = 5 et/10 = 0.5 1 10 t = ln 0.5 t = 6.93 min For large t, approaches 20. 20 (iv)

Hint to students: May also use the GC to find the maximum and minimum points of the curve.

Teaching Point: There is no need to write ln | 20 | since is always 20.

10 t

| z1 | = 12 + 3 = 2 3 arg z1 = tan1 1 = 3 So z1 = 2(cos 3 + i sin 3 ) | z2 | = 12 + 12 = 2 3 1 arg z2 = + tan1 1 = 4 3 3 So z2 = 2 [ cos ( 4 ) + i sin ( 4 ) ] 2 (cos 3 + i sin 3) z1 (ii) z2 = 3 3 2 [ cos ( 4 ) + i sin ( 4 ) ] 3 3 = 2 [ cos [ 3 ( 4 )] + i sin [ 3 ( 4 )] ] 13 13 = 2 [ cos 12 + i sin 12 ] 11 11 = 2 [ cos ( 12 ) + i sin ( 12 ) ] 11 11 z1 * z = 2 ( cos 12 + i sin 12 ) 2 (iii) Im (a) 8i) (b) 3 2 1 /4 (iv) 1 1 x 2 Re

Teaching Point: Students must ensure that their circle passes through the origin.

From the diagram in part (iii), (x 1)2 + 3 2 = 22 (x 1)2 = 1 x 1 = 1 x = 2, 2 (reject since x > 0) The locus meets the positive real axis at the point 2. 9i) Total volume = 3x(x)y = 300 x2y = 100 100 y = x2 Total surface area A = 3x(x) + 8x(y) + 3x(x) + 8x(ky) 800 = 6x2 + (k + 1) x

800 dA dx = 12x (k + 1) x2 = 0 12x3 = (k + 1)800 200 x3 = 3 (k + 1) 3 200 3 (k + 1) 1600 = 12 + (k + 1) x3 1600 = 12 + (k + 1) 200 3 (k + 1) = 36 >0 x=

d2A dx2

Teaching Point: There is no need to find the value of the minimum surface area, since this is not required in the question.

3 200 3 (k + 1) gives a minimum total surface area. y 100 (ii) x = x3 100 = 200(k + 1)/3 3 = 2(k + 1) (iii) 0<k1 1<k+12 1 1 2k+1<1 3 3 3 4 2(k + 1) < 2 3 y 3 4x<2. (iv) The box has square ends x=y 3 2(k + 1) = 1 3 k+1=2 1 k=2 3 1 6 = 3 2 . 10i) Direction vector of l is 9 3 1 Normal vector of p is 2 3 Since l is parallel to the normal vector of p, l is perpendicular to p. So x =

10 1 1 1 + 2 into r 2 = 0: (ii) Substitute r = 3 3 3 10 + 1 1 2 2 = 0 3 3 3 10 + + 2 + 4 + 9 + 9 = 0 14 + 21 = 0 3 =2 3 9 Point of intersection = (10 2 , 1 + 3, 3 + 2 ) 17 3 = ( 2 , 2, 2 ) 10 1 2 1 + 2 = 23 (iii) Equate 3 3 33 10 + = 2 (1) 1 2 = 23 (2) 3 3 = 33 (3) Since = 12 satisfies all 3 equations, A lies on l. 3 17 Since ( 2 , 2, 2 ) is the midpoint of A & B, by Ratio 17/2 OA + OB 2 = Theorem, 2 3/2 17/2 2 19 OB = 2 2 23 = 19 3/2 33 30 B = (19, 19, 30) 1 (iv) Area = 2 | OA OB | 2 19 1 = 2 23 19 33 30 690 + 627 1 = 2 (60 627) 38 437 63 1 567 =2 399 1 = 2 632 + 5672 + 3992 = 348 to the nearest whole number dx 1 11i) dt = 1 t2 dy 1 dt = 1 + t2

Teaching Point: Students must give the answer in coordinates, rather than as a position vector.

dy dx =

1 1 + t2 1 1 t2

t2 + 1 = t2 1 1 p2 + 1 1 Equation of tangent is y (p p ) = p2 1 [ x (p + p ) ] 1 1 (p2 1)y (p p )(p2 1) = (p2 + 1)x (p2 + 1) (p + p ) 1 1 (p2 1)y p3 + p + p p = (p2 + 1)x p3 p p p (p2 1)y + 4p = (p2 + 1)x Shown (p2 + 1)x (p2 1)y = 4p (ii) Substitute y = x into equation of tangent: (p2 + 1)x (p2 1)x = 4p 2x = 4p x = 2p So A = (2p, 2p). Substitute y = x into equation of tangent: (p2 + 1)x + (p2 1)x = 4p 2p2x = 4p 2 x = p since p 0 2 2 So B = ( p , p ). OA = (2p)2 + (2p)2 = 8p2 = 8 | p | 8 8 2 2 2 2 OB = p +p = p2 = | p | 1 8 Area of triangle OAB = 2 8 | p | | p | =4 which is independent of p. 1 (iii) x2 = t2 + 2 + t2 1 y2 = t2 2 + t2 Subtracting gives the Cartesian equation: x2 y2 = 4 y=x

(2, 0)

(2, 0) y = x

Hint to students: If you cannot obtain the Cartesian equation, you can sketch the parametric equations first and guess that it may be a hyperbola. Then you can guess that the Cartesian equation may be of the form x2 y2 = something, and work from there.

2010 GCE A Level H2 Maths Solution Paper 2 Section A: Pure Mathematics x2 6x + 34 = 0 6 36 136 x = 2 6 10i = 2 = 3 5i (ii) Since the coefficients are all real, another root of the equation is x = 2 i. [ x (2 + i) ] [ x (2 i) ] = (x + 2 i)(x + 2 + i) = x2 + 2x ix + 2x + ix + 22 i2 = x2 + 4x + 5 By comparing coefficients: x4 + 4x3 + x2 + ax + b = (x2 + 4x + 5)(x2 4) = x4 + 4x3 + x2 16x 20 So a = 16, b = 20. The other three roots of the equation are 2 i, 2, 2. 2i) Let Pn be the statement: n 1 r(r + 2) = 6 n(n + 1)(2n + 7). r=1 When n = 1: LHS = 1(3) = 3 1 RHS = 6 1(2)(9) = 3 = LHS P1 is true. 1i) Assume that Pk is true for some k + k 1 i.e. r(r + 2) = 6 k(k + 1)(2k + 7). r=1 Prove that Pk+1 is also true k+1 1 i.e. r(r + 2) = 6 (k + 1)(k + 2)(2k + 9). r=1 LHS k = r(r + 2) + (k + 1)(k + 3) r=1 1 = 6 k(k + 1)(2k + 7) + (k + 1)(k + 3) 1 = 6 (k + 1)[ k(2k + 7) + 6(k + 3) ]

Teaching Point: It is possible to use long division to find the other factor, but comparing coefficients is quicker.

Teaching Point: Some students make the mistake of writing Assume that Pk is true for all k + . It should be either some k or a k. Clearly, if you assume that it is true for all k, then there is nothing to prove.

Teaching Point: Students are advised to take

1 = 6 (k + 1)(2k2 + 13k + 18) 1 = 6 (k + 1)(k + 2)(2k + 9) = RHS Since P1 is true and Pk true Pk+1 true, hence by Math Induction, Pn is true for all n +. 1 1 1 (iia) By coverup rule, r(r + 2) = 2r 2(r + 2) . n n 1 1 1 = [ 2r 2(r + 2) ] r(r + 2) r=1 r=1 1 1 =2 2(3) 1 1 + 2(2) 2(4) 1 1 + 2(3) 2(5) 1 1 + 2(4) 2(6) : : 1 1 + 2(n 1) 2(n + 1) 1 1 + 2n 2(n + 2) 1 1 1 1 = 2 + 2(2) 2(n + 1) 2(n + 2) 3 1 1 = 4 2(n + 1) 2(n + 2) . 1 1 (b) As n , 2(n + 1) and 2(n + 2) 0. 1 Hence r(r + 2) is a convergent series, and the value of the r=1 3 sum to infinity is 4 . dy 1 3i) = x + 2 + x 2 (x + 2)1/2 dx x = x+2+ 2 x+2 2(x + 2) + x = 2 x+2 3x + 4 = 2 x+2 dy For the curve to have a turning point, dx = 0

1 out the common factor 6 (k + 1) instead of expanding everything and then factorising later. Clearly a waste of effort. Teaching Point: If student prefers not to use the coverup rule, he can let 1 A B r(r + 2) = 2r 2(r + 2) and then find A and B by substitution.

3x + 4 =0 2 x+2 3x + 4 = 0 Since there is only one value of x for which 3x + 4 = 0, there is only one value of x for which the curve has a turning point. 4 x=3 (iia) y = x x + 2 3x + 4 dy dx = 2 x + 2 dy 2 When x = 0, dx = 2 = 2 (b)

2 4/3

(iii)

f (x) =

3x + 4 2 x+2 2 4/3

Teaching Point: Students are to draw the curve so that it approaches the asymptote x = 2 without touching it.

x = 2 4i)

1 x = 1 x=1

(ii) If the domain of f is restricted to x 0, then any horizontal line will cut the graph at most once, so f is one one and f 1 exists. Hence the least value of k is 0. 1 (iii) fg(x) = f( x 3 ) 1 = 1 (x 3)2 1

(iv)

1 = 1 (x2 6x + 9) (x 3)2 (x 3)2 = x2 + 6x 8 (x 3)2 = (4 x)(x 2) (x 3)2 (4 x)(x 2) > 0 2 + 3 + 4

Teaching Point: Some students may wish to use a graphical solution.

2 < x < 3 or 3 < x < 4. (v) x=2 fg 3

x=4

y = 1

From the graph of fg, we see that range of fg is (, 1) (0, ). Section B: Statistics 5i) In order to use stratified sampling, we need to know the composition of the spectators according to strata e.g. race, gender or agegroups. But we do not have this information. Hence it would be difficult to use a stratified sample. (ii) We line up all the spectators as they arrive at the competition. Pick a random starting number from 1 to 100, e.g. 5. We sample every 100th spectator starting from the 5th spectator in the queue, i.e. 5, 105, 205, 305, 405, ... 6) Unbiased estimate of the population mean =x
454.3 = 11 = 41.3

Unbiased estimate of the population variance

= s2 454.32 1 = 10 ( 18 778.43 11 ) = 1.584 H0: = 42 H1: 42

Teaching Point: Students must know that they need to use the t-test here since sample size is

small and population variance is unknown.

From GC, pvalue = 0.0949 Since 0.0949 < 0.1, we reject H0. There is sufficient evidence at the 10% level to say that there has been a change in the mean time required by an employee to complete the task.

7i)

P(A B) P(B) P(A B) = P(A | B) P(B) P(A | B) =

= 0.8 ( 1 0.6) = 0.32

(ii)

P(A B)

= P(A B) + P(B) = 0.32 + 0.6 = 0.92

Hint to students: A Venn diagram can help you to solve this quickly. A B

A B (iii) P(B | A) P(B A) P(A) 0.32 = 0.7 = 0.457 =

(iv) P(A C)

(v) 8i) 3, 4 or 5 1st digit Probability

= P(A) P(C) since A and C are independent A and C are independent = (1 0.7) 0.5 = 0.15 P(A B C) 0.15 4 ways 2nd digit = 3 ways 3rd digit 2 ways 4th digit 1 way 5th digit

34321 5! 3 = 5 1 way 3rd digit 2 or 4 4th digit 1 way 5th digit

(ii) 3 ways 1st digit 2 ways 2nd digit

32121 5! 1 = 10 (iii) Case 1: The first digit is 3 or 5 3 or 5 3 ways 2 ways 1 way 1st digit 2nd digit 3rd digit 4th digit Probability = Probability = 23212 5! 1 = 5

2 ways 5th digit

Hint to students: The number of ways of choosing the last digit depends on whether the first digit is 3, 4 or 5. Hence we need to consider the cases separately.

Case 2: The first digit is 4 4 3 ways 2 ways 1st digit 2nd digit 3rd digit Probability = 13213 5! 3 = 20

1 way 4th digit

3 ways 5th digit

1 3 = + 5 20 7 = 20 9i) Y 2X ~ N(400 2 180, 602 + 22 302) = N(40, 7200) P(Y > 2X) = P(Y 2X > 0) = 0.681 (ii) 0.12X + 0.05Y ~ N(0.12180 + 0.05400, 0.122 302 + 0.052 602) = N(41.6, 21.96) P(0.12X + 0.05Y > 45) = 0.234 (iii) Let X1 , X2 = number of peak-rate calls over the two three-month periods. 0.12(X1 + X2) ~ N(0.12 (180 + 180), 0.122 (302 + 302)) = N(43.2, 25.92) P(0.12(X1 + X2) > 45) = 0.362 Hence required probability

Teaching Point: Students must remember to square 0.12 and 0.05 when computing the variance of 0.12X + 0.05Y.

10i)

F 33.9

0 (ii)

36

v GC steps:

(a)

r = 0.9860

(b)

r = 0.9907

(iii) Since the product moment correlation coefficient is closer to 1 for (b), the model F = c + dv2 is the better model. (iv) From GC, the regression of F on v2 is F = 0.024242v2 + 3.1957 26 = 0.024242v2 + 3.1957 v = 30.7 Since v is the independent or control variable, neither the regression line v on F nor the regression line v2 on F should be used. 11i) Let X = no. of calls in a period of 4 minutes. X ~ Po(4 3) = Po(12) P(X = 8) = 0.0655 (ii) Let length of time = t. 7

GC steps:

GC steps:

Let Y = no. of calls in a period of t minutes. Y ~ Po(3t) P(Y = 0) = 0.2 e3t = 0.2 3t = ln 0.2 t = 0.53648 minutes = 32 seconds (iii) Let W = no. of calls in a working day of 12 hours. W ~ Po(12 60 3) = Po(2160) Since = 2160 > 50, W ~ N(2160, 2160) approximately. P(W > 2200) = P(W > 2200.5) by continuity correction 0.19176 = 0.192 (iv) Let V = no. of busy days out of 6 working days. V ~ B(6, 0.19176) P(V = 2) = 0.235

GC steps:

GC steps:

Let U = no. of busy days out of 30 working days. U ~ B(30, 0.19176) Since n = 30 is large, np = 5.7528 > 5, nq = 24.2472 > 5, U ~ N(5.7528, 4.6496) approximately. P(U < 10) = P(U < 9.5) by continuity correction = 0.959

(v)

GC steps: