QUADRATIC EQUATION

An equation of the type is called a quadratic equation. [The constants a, b and c

can have any numerical values but a 0.]

SOLUTIONS BY FACTORS

Type 1: Example; 2x2 7x 15 = 0 Factorize 2x2 7x 15 = 0 to get ( Since the product of two factors ( either (2x +3) =0 or (x 5) =0 or or The solutions are
EXERCISE

)(

) and (x 5) is zero then,

Solve the following quadratic equation. 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) x2 + 7x + 12 = 0 x2 + x 6 = 0 x2 5x + 6 = 0 2x2 3x 2 = 0 3x2 + 10x 8 = 0 2x2 + 7x 15 = 0 6a2 a 1 = 0 4a2 3a 10 = 0

Type 2: Example; 2x2 8x = 0 Factorize 2x2 8x = 0 to get ( )

Since the product of two factors 2x and (x 4) is zero then, either 2x = 0 or (x 4) =0 or The solutions are
EXERCISE

Solve the following quadratic equation. 1) x2 3x = 0 2) x2 + 7x = 0 3) 2x2 2x = 0 4) x2 =

5)

x2 = 0

Type 3: Example: Solve the equation Take the square root of both sides [Remember to write the + and sign]
OR

Factorize using difference of two square ( Since the product of two factors ( either (x + 4) =0 or (x 4) =0 or
EXERCISE

)(

) and (x + 4) is zero then,

Solve the following quadratic equation. 1) 9x2 4 = 0 2) 4x2 3) 4) 5) 6)

3

=0

x x=0 144x2 225 = 0 8x3 50x = 0 27p3 48p = 0

SOLVING BY USING THE FORMULA

A question where the algebraic equation can not be factorized and the answer is required in decimals, then it can be solved using the formula i.e. Example: Step 1: Comparing Step 2: Substitute these values in the formula
( ) ( )

with

, we have

and

[The value in the root must be positive]

( )

or
or =

EXERCISE

Solve the following quadratic equation giving your answer to 2 d.p. 1) 2x2 + 11x + 5 = 0 2) 3x2 7x 20 = 0 3) 2x2 + 6x 1 = 0 4) 3y2 2y 5 = 0 5) 2 x 6x2 = 0 6) 12 5x2 11x = 0 7) 5x2 5x + 1 = 0 8) 2x2 7x 15 = 0

WORD PROBLEM 1. (a) (i) The cost of a book is $x. Write down an expression in terms of x for the number of these books which are bought for $40. [1] (ii) The cost of each book is increased by $2. The number of books which are bought for $40 is now one less than before. 2 Write down an equation in x and show that it simplifies to x + 2x 80 = 0 [4] 2 (iii) Solve the equation x + 2x 80 = 0 [2] (iv) Find the original cost of one book. [1] 2.

(a) When the area of triangle ABC is 48 cm , (i) show that x2 + 4x 96 = 0, [2] (ii) solve the equation x2 + 4x 96 = 0, [2] (iii) write down the length of AB. [1] (b) When tan y = , find the value of x. [2]

(c) When the length of AC is 9 cm, 2 (i) show that 2x + 8x 65 = 0, [2] (ii) solve the equation 2x2 + 8x 65 = 0,(Show your working and give your answers correct to 2 decimal places.) [4] (iii) calculate the perimeter of triangle ABC. [1] 3. (a) On 1st January 2000, Ashraf was x years old. Bukki was 5 years older than Ashraf and Claude was twice as old as Ashraf. (i) Write down in terms of x, the ages of Bukki and Claude on 1st January 2000. [2] (ii) Write down in terms of x, the ages of Ashraf, Bukki and Claude on 1st January 2002. [1] (iii) The product of Claudes age and Ashrafs age on 1st January 2002 is the same as the square of Bukkis age on 1st January 2000. Write down an equation in x and show that it simplifies to x2 4x 21 = 0. [4] (iv) Solve the equation x2 4x 21 = 0. [2] (v) How old was Claude on 1st January 2002? [1] 2 (b) Claudes height, h metres, is one of the solutions of h + 8h 17 = 0. 2 (i) Solve the equation h + 8h 17 = 0. Show all your working and give your answers correct to 2 decimal places. [4] (ii) Write down Claudes height, to the nearest centimetre. [1] 4.

The diagram shows two rectangles ABCD and PQRS. AB = (2x + 5) cm, AD = (x + 3) cm, PQ = (x + 4) cm and PS = x cm. (a) For one value of x, the area of rectangle ABCD is 59 cm2 more than the area of rectangle PQRS. (i) Show that x2 + 7x 44 = 0. [3] (ii) Factorize x2 + 7x 44. [2] (iii) Solve the equation x2 + 7x 44 = 0. [1] (iv) Calculate the size of angle DBA. [2] (b) For a different value of x, the rectangles ABCD and PQRS are similar. (i) Show that this value of x satisfies the equation x2 2x 12 = 0. [3] (ii) Solve the equation x2 2x 12 = 0, giving your answers correct to 2 decimal places. [4] (iii) Calculate the perimeter of the rectangle PQRS. [1]

5.

In triangle ABC, the line BD is perpendicular to AC. AD = (x + 6) cm, DC = (x + 2) cm and the height BD = (x + 1) cm. The area of triangle ABC is 40 cm2. 2 (i) Show that x + 5x 36 = 0.[3] (ii) Solve the equation x2 + 5x 36 = 0. [2] (iii) Calculate the length of BC. [2] 6. B NOT TO SCALE

C A ( )

The above diagram shows a triangle ABC. AB=3x cm, BC = x cm, and AC = (5x 4) cm. The angle

ABC = 1200.
a) b) Show that 3x2 10x + 4 = 0 [7] Solve the equation 3x2 10x + 4 = 0. Show all your working and give your answers correct to

two decimal places. [4] c) d) Hence find the length the side AB and BC of the triangle ABC. [2] Find the area of the triangle ABC. [2]