Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
2013
The name Angeles is derived from El Pueblo de los ngeles (The Town of the Angels, in Spanish) in honor of its patron saints, Los Santos ngeles de los Custodios(Holy Guardian Angels), and the name of its founder, Don ngel Pantalen de Miranda.
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b) Site Description Angeles City (Filipino: Lungsod ng Angeles; Kapampangan: Ciudad ning
Angeles/Lakanbalen ning Angeles), located within the province of Pampanga in thePhilippines is locally classified as a first-class, highly-urbanized city. It is bordered by Mabalacat City to the north; Mexico to the east; San Fernando to the
southeast; Bacolor to the south; and Porac to the southwest and west. The city administers itself autonomously from Pampanga and, as of the 2010 census, it has a population of 326,336.
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On June 15, 1991, Angeles was affected by the cataclysmic eruption of nearby Mount Pinatubo, with up to 60,000 people being evacuated from the city. It was the second-largest volcanic eruption of the twentieth century and, by far, the largest eruption to affect a densely populated area. The province of Pampanga, Clark specifically, were badly hit and the agricultural lands, as well as other businesses, were covered by tons of lahar. There were no casualties reported inside Clark two days from the initial eruption because the 18,000 personnel and their families were transported to Guam and the Subic Naval Base in Zambales.
The eruption of Mount Pinatubo forced the leadership of the U.S. to prematurely abandon its military installation at Clark Air Base. This is in addition to the voting by the Philippine Senate in 1991 to no longer extend the LaurelLangley Agreement, which allows the presence of U.S. military forces on Philippine territory, thus ending the long chapter of Filipino-American relations in the history of Angeles. The U.S. military never returned to Clark, turning over the damaged base to the Philippine government on November 26, 1991
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AVERAGE RAINFALL
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The Clark International Airport (CRK) is located at the heart of Central Luzon, making it the most viable and convenient airport of choice for travellers from NorthCentral Luzon and the northern Metro Manila area who wants to avoid the hustle and bustle of the city streets. It is easily accessible by shuttle bus from various points of Metro Manila and North Luzon.
g) List of EMI
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Site C to Repeater 2 has a distance of 8 miles apart with each other. The elevation of site C is 259 (ft) while Repeater 2 has an elevation of 72 (ft). GOOGLE MAP VIEW
PATH ELEVATION
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Frequency 14.4 =
80.00 140.00
EC (ft)
T&G
F1
Fresnel Zone
Total Height
Site D a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Repeater 2
0.00 0.50 0.80 1.50 2.00 2.50 2.80 3.00 3.79 4.00 4.70 5.20 5.70 6.00 6.50 7.00 7.50 8.00
0.00 1.88 2.88 4.88 6.00 6.88 7.28 7.50 7.98 8.00 7.76 7.28 6.56 6.00 4.88 3.50 1.88 0.00
50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50
0.00 13.01 16.12 20.98 23.27 24.91 25.63 26.02 26.83 26.87 26.46 25.63 24.32 23.27 20.98 17.77 13.01 0.00
10.00 17.81 19.67 22.59 23.96 24.95 25.38 25.61 26.10 26.12 25.87 25.38 24.59 23.96 22.59 20.66 17.81 10.00
319.00 325.68 315.55 302.46 302.97 286.82 281.66 273.11 260.08 254.13 237.63 222.66 221.15 202.97 185.46 167.17 147.68 132.00
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Location
Yi
127.00 119.06 114.30 103.19 95.25 87.31 82.55 79.38 66.83 63.50 52.39 44.45 36.51
LOSi
339.00 331.06 326.30 315.19 307.25 299.31 294.55 291.38 278.83 275.50 264.39 256.45 248.51
HE - HF
127 127 127 127 127 127 127 127 127 127 127 127 127
HD
339.00 339.00 339.00 339.00 339.00 339.00 339.00 339.00 339.00 339.00 339.00 339.00 339.00
HE
212.00 212.00 212.00 212.00 212.00 212.00 212.00 212.00 212.00 212.00 212.00 212.00 212.00
LOSi + F
339.00 344.07 342.42 336.16 330.52 324.22 320.18 317.39 305.67 302.37 290.84 282.08 272.84
LOS - F
339.00 318.05 310.18 294.21 283.98 274.40 268.92 265.36 252.00 248.63 237.93 230.82 224.19
LOSi + FZ
349.00 348.87 345.97 337.77 331.21 324.26 319.93 316.99 304.93 301.62 290.26 281.83 273.11
LOS FZ
329.00 313.26 306.63 292.60 283.29 274.37 269.17 265.76 252.73 249.38 238.51 231.07 223.92
Site D a b c d e f g h i j k l
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267.71 258.40 248.54 237.74 222.00 219.79 213.23 207.21 202.13 202.00
e) LOS Graph
400.00 350.00 300.00 EC (ft) 250.00 200.00 150.00 100.00 50.00 0.00 Elevation T&G LOSi LOSi + F LOS - F LOSi + FZ LOS - FZ 329.00
2.00
6.50
0.00
0.50
0.80
1.50
2.50
2.80
3.00
3.79
4.00
4.70
5.20
5.70
6.00
7.00
7.50
f) Computations
COMPUTATION: Earths Curvature ( )( ) ( ) ( )( )
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Computation
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19.
20.
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FADED C/N
SITE C (ANGELES CITY HALL) to REPEATER 2 o System Availability: 99.99% o Required Availability:
Reliability per Link : 99.998% Time Availability 90 % 99 % 99.9 % 99.99% 99.999 % Fade Margin (dB) 8 18 28 38 48
Required Availability: 99.99% Fade Margin: 46.87 dB o Siemens Method: Radio Link Type: Type B Required Availability: 99.99% Unavailability (W): 0.002% Frequency (f): 14.85 GHz Path Length (d): 12.87 km 128 | P a g e ECE DEPARTMENT
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A = 22.27 dB Attenuation Losses o Due to Atmospheric Absorption: Path Length (miles) 2.4 6 GHz 20 0.2 40 0.4 60 0.6 80 0.8 Y 0.38 0 12 14.4 129 | P a g e ECE DEPARTMENT Attenuation in dB 8 GHz 10 GHz 0.26 0.32 0.52 0.64 0.78 0.96 1.04 1.28
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x 0.01 x
14
14.4
Due to Oxygen ( ( ) ) ( ( ( ( ) ) )( ) )( ) ( ( )) ))
) )( (
( ) ( ))
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in/hr (F)
Since the computation of Rayleigh Method is greater than the other two computations. Therefore. FM = 46.87 dB o Total Faded Loss FADED IRL = EIRP FSL FM ATM DIFF LOSS = 74.65 138.06 46.87 0.61 - 0 = -110.89 dBm FADED RSL = FADED IRL + GRx TLLRx = -102.02 + 50.8 8.97 = -69.06 dBm FADED C/N = FADED RSL Rx(Threshold) = -69.06 (-84) = 14.94 dB
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For 6 Links: Avail / Link = 99.998 % Computed: Faded C/N = 17.62 dB Soln Set C/N Link = 56 dB = RSL faded Pn (dBm) RSL (faded) = 56 + (-84 dBm) RSL (faded) = - 28 dBm RSL (faded) = IRL (faded) + G (Rx) TLL (Rx) IRL (faded) = -28 dBm 50.8 + 8.97 IRL (faded) = -69.83 dBm IRL (faded) = EIRP FSL all Atm. losses FM FM = 74.65 138.06 0.61 + 69.83 FM = 5.81 dB Solve for FM (or A) = dB
90
X 5.81 8 18
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Fade Margin = 25 dB C/N (Improved) = EIRP FSL Atm. Losses Diff. Loss FM (Improved) Pn TLL(Rx) + G(Rx) C/N (Improved) = 74.65 138.06 0.61 0 25 + 84 8.97 + 50.8 C/N (Improved) = 31.81 dBm
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Space Diversity
Formula: ( )( )( )(
where: f = frequency in GHz. s = vertical antenna spacing in ft. FM = fade margin in dB associated to the 2nd antenna. Soln ( )( )( )(
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SPECIFICATIONS
a) Antenna Specifications
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