Hinds County and City of Jackson Economic Analysis

Submit to Brian Richard, Ph.D.

By Phakhini Charukamnerdkanok

Department of Economic and Workforce Development The University of Southern Mississippi

Index Page 1. Introduction 2. Theory and literature review: 2.1 Location Quotients 2.2 Shift-Share Analysis 2.3 Population-Employment Ratio 3. Data 4. Methodology: 4.1 Retail Sales Analysis 4.2 Location Quotient 4.3 Population-Employment Ratio 5. Analysis: 5.1 Pull Factors: 5.2 Location Quotients 5.3 Population- Employment Ratio 5.4 Shift-Share Analysis 5.4.1 National Growth Share (NGS) 5.4.2 Industrial Mix Share (IMS) 5.4.3 The Competitive Share (efficient share) 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 4 4 5 7 9 9 9 9

Appendices Appendix A: Hinds County Profile Appendix B: City of Jackson Profile Appendix C: Type of Retail Sales Appendix D: Calculations Pull Factors City of Jackson Retail Sales Trend (Table) FY1998-FY2007 City of Jackson Retail Sales Trend (Chart) FY1998-FY2007 Hinds County Retail Sales Trend (Table) FY1998-FY2007

Hinds County Retail Sales Trend (Chart) FY1998-FY2007 Hinds County's Municipalities Retail Sales (Table) FY2007 Hinds County's Municipalities Retail Sales (Chart) FY2007 Percentage of Change in Retail Sales of City of Jackson and Hinds County Location Quotient Location Quotient (Chart) Population-Employment Ratio Shift-Share Analysis

Table List Table1: Pull factors of City of Jackson and Hinds County Table 2: Location Quotient FY2001 and 2006 by industrial sectors Table 3: Population-Employment Ratio Table 4: Compare LQ and population-employment ratio to determine expansion possibility Table 5: Shift-Share Analysis Table A1: Hinds County population trend, FY1990-2007 Table A2: Population estimated of Hinds County, FY2007 Table A3: Hinds County Workforce fact Table A4: Hinds County largest employers Table B1: Trend of population in City of Jackson FY2000-2007 Table C1: Industrial Sectors Table D1: City of Jackson and Hinds County pull factors Table D2: City of Jackson Retail Sales Trend (FY1998-FY2007) Table D3 Hinds County Retail Sales Trend (FY1998-FY2007 Table D4: Hinds County's Municipalities Total Retail Sales (FY2007) Table D5: Percentage of Change in Retail Sales of City of Jackson and Hinds County (FY1998-FY2007) Table D6: Location Quotient Table D7: Population-employment ratio Table D7: Shift-Share Analysis

1 Hinds County and City of Jackson Economic Analysis

1. Introduction This paper provides retail market data for City of Jackson and Hinds County. Retail market data is presented four ways. The first is a location quotient of retail trade that the authors call a Pull Factor (PF). It is a measure of the relative strength of the retail business community. Two other measures, these are the Trade Area Capture and the PopulationEmployment Ratio that the communities and businesses control from the total State customer base. The Trade Area Capture (TAC) of a county is a measure of the customer base served by a community. Finally, the paper consist Shift-Share Analysis to measure the efficiency of local firms.

2. Theory and literature review 2.1 Location Quotients: According to Hustedde R. and colleagues (2005), Location quotients can indicate if a community produces more than is needed for its own use and is selling the excess to nonlocal markets. It can also tell us which types of businesses are not accommodating local needs and are a source of consumption leakage. The location quotient approach assumes the national economy is self-sufficient. While that is not completely true, it is more appropriate to make that assumption for the national economy than a state, multistate or multicounty economy. The local economy is compared against that standard of selfsufficiency. If the local economy has relatively less economic activity in a particular sector, that suggests the good or service is being imported from other communities. If the local economy has relatively more economic activity in a particular sector, that suggests the good or service is being exported to other communities.

2.2 Shift-Share Analysis:

2 Shift Share Analysis measures the movement (shift) of the local economy into faster or slower growth sectors and the communitys larger or smaller portion (share) of the growth occurring in a given economic sector (Hustedde R. and colleagues, 2005, P.35). The first step is to calculate the national growth component (NG). It measures the potential change in local employment assuming the local economy is similar to the national economy. The national growth component is calculated by multiplying the base year employment in each sector by the national average employment growth rate, and then summing over all the sectors. The results show how many new jobs were created locally due to national economic trends, assuming the local and national economies are identical. The second step in shift-share is to compute the industrial mix component (IM). The industrial mix component is determined by multiplying the local employment in each economic sector by the difference in the national growth rate for that sector and the growth rate for the whole economy. A positive industrial mix indicates the majority of local employment is in sectors growing faster than national total employment. A negative industrial mix indicates just the opposite.

2.3 Population-Employment Ratio According to Hustedde R. and colleagues (2005), population-employment ratios use the entire population, which includes all consumers, not just those who are working, as location quotients do. Thus, for communities with either a lot of younger people and/or older people who are not working, the location quotient may yield biased results.

3. Data Information used in calculating pull factors for this study was derived from several sources. Data on population estimates for the above mentioned years were taken from the U.S. Census Bureau. Retail sales estimates for these four time periods were obtained from the Mississippi State Tax Commission. Demographic and basic data of City of Jackson and Hinds County are cited from local economic development organizations, including Central Mississippi Planning & Development District (CMPDD) and Hinds County Economic Development District.

4. Methodology:

4.1 Retail Sales Analysis In order to examine the ability of retail trade establishments to attract and retain shoppers, pull factors is estimated for counties of varying degrees of centralization in Mississippi. Pull factors, which derive its theoretical foundations from Central Place Theory, belong to a class of research tools known as Trade Area Analysis. Pull factors measure the relative strength of a county's retail trade industry by taking the ratio of the number of customers being served by the county's retail trade industry and the county's population. The larger the ratio value, the better the county's ability to attract and retain retail shoppers.

In pull factor calculation is to obtain the number of customers served by the city and the county's retail trade industry. This is accomplished by determining the trade area capture (TAC). TAC approximates the number of people who purchase goods and services from the county's retail trade establishments. TAC is estimated as follows:

TAC =

County Retail Sales County per capita income State per capita Retail Sales State per capita income

Once the TAC has been estimated, it is divided by the county's population to arrive at the county level pull factor (PF).

PF =

Trade Area Capture County population

Where Pull Factor can take on the following values:

4 PF < 1 County's retail sector is unable to retain resident shoppers. PF > 1 County's retail sector is able to attract additional shoppers. PF = 1 County's retail sector is neither gaining nor losing shoppers.

4.2 Location Quotient The location quotient provides information for two important conditions.

LQ =

Percent of sector share in the Hinds County Percent of sector share in Mississippi

LQ > 1: The sector is an export activity and is an important link to the outside economy LQ < 1: The sector is not meeting local needs.

4.3 Population-Employment Ratio The data required is the population of the cities being compared and the number of employees in a particular trade or service activity in each city. The population employment ratio for each city is determined by dividing the population in each city by the employment in a particular trade or service activity

Employment Ratio =

Population of the County No. of employees inparticular activity in the county

High population-employment ratio and a location quotient less than one: An expansion possibility. Low population-employment ratio and a high location quotient: Expansion possibilities are limited.

5. Analysis
5.1 Pull Factors:

5 In this paper, Hinds county and City of Jackson pull factors for 2007 is estimated for overall retail trade industry. From the result in Appendix D; Pull Factor City of Jackson Hinds County Mississippi Table1: Pull factors of City of Jackson and Hinds County Sources: Table D1 in Appendix D 1.42 1.09 1.00

Hinds county Pull Factor = 1.09, this means that the number of shoppers in the county exceed the county's population by 9 percent. This means that the county's retail establishments are able to retain local shoppers and bring in non-resident shoppers. City of Jackson Pull Factor = 1.42, this means that the number of shoppers in the city exceed the city's population by 42 percent. This means that the city's retail establishments are able to retain local shoppers and bring in non-resident shoppers.

5.2 Location Quotients Percent of sector share in the Hinds County Percent of sector share in Mississippi

LQ =

Industrial Sector
Forestry, fishing, and related activities Mining Utilities Construction Manufacturing Wholesale trade Retail trade Transportation and warehousing Information Finance and insurance Real estate and rental and leasing Professional, scientific, and technical services

Mississippi
2001 2006 2001(%) 2006(%) 2001

Hinds County
2006 2001(%) 2006(%)

LQ
LQ2001 LQ2006

20,056 8,904 8,156 86,020 205,517 39,102 172,384 48,992 19,226 47,128 32,070 48,081

17,500 9,017 8,151 102,469 180,806 41,078 176,460 54,074 16,942 48,560 40,628 56,960

1.75% 0.78% 0.71% 7.52% 17.98% 3.42% 15.08% 4.29% 1.68% 4.12% 2.81% 4.21%

1.45% 0.75% 0.68% 8.49% 14.98% 3.40% 14.62% 4.48% 1.40% 4.02% 3.37% 4.72%

297 1,270 1,168 7,788 8,870 6,691 19,070 4,448 6,512 9,863 4,503 9,735

320 974 1,010 7,860 5,925 6,116 16,397 4,107 3,256 8,482 5,768 12,213

0.21% 0.90% 0.83% 5.53% 6.30% 4.75% 13.55% 3.16% 4.63% 7.01% 3.20% 6.92%

0.24% 0.73% 0.75% 5.87% 4.43% 4.57% 12.25% 3.07% 2.43% 6.34% 4.31% 9.12%

0.12 1.16 1.16 0.74 0.35 1.39 0.90 0.74 2.75 1.70 1.14 1.64

0.16 0.97 1.12 0.69 0.30 1.34 0.84 0.68 1.73 1.57 1.28 1.93

6
Management of companies and enterprises Administrative and waste services Educational services Health care and social assistance Arts, entertainment, and recreation Accommodation and food services Other services, except public administration

10,898 54,206 17,685 111,908 27,404 106,631 76,930

1,143,299

10,017 73,077 21,028 127,431 19,165 115,758 85,457

1,206,584

0.95% 4.74% 1.55% 9.79% 2.40% 9.33% 6.73% 100%

0.83% 6.06% 1.74% 10.56% 1.59% 9.59% 7.08% 100%

2,777 10,726 4,221 17,863 2,430 10,984 9,512

140,729

2,471 10,766 4,787 19,177 2,255 10,548 9,452

133,890

1.97% 7.62% 3.00% 12.69% 1.73% 7.81% 6.76% 100%

1.85% 8.04% 3.58% 14.32% 1.68% 7.88% 7.06% 100%

2.07 1.61 1.94 1.30 0.72 0.84 1.00 1.00

2.22 1.33 2.05 1.36 1.06 0.82 1.00 1.00

Total

Table: 2 Location Quotient FY2001 and 2006 by industrial sectors

From the calculation in table 2, the utilities, wholesale trade, information, finance and insurance, real estate and rental and leasing, professional, scientific, and technical services, management of companies and enterprises, administrative and waste services, educational services, and health care and social assistance sector of Hinds County is an export activity and is an important link to the outside economy in both 2001 and 2006 At the same time, the forestry, fishing, and related activities, construction, manufacturing, retail trade, transportation and warehousing, and accommodation and food services sector is significantly not meeting local needs.

7
Location Quotient
25,000

20,000

15,000

10,000

5,000

0 Forestry, fishing, and related activities Transportation and warehousing Educational services Administrative and waste services Real estate and rental and leasing Professional, scientific, and technical services Health care and social assistance Arts, entertainment, and recreation Management of companies and enterprises Accommodation and food services Other services, except public administration Mining Construction Manufacturing Retail trade Finance and insurance 2001 Utilities Wholesale trade Information

2006

5.3 Population- Employment Ratio

Employment Ratio =

Population of the County No. of employees inparticular activity in the county

Population Estimate (FY2007) = 249,157

Industrial Sector
Forestry, fishing, and related activities Mining Utilities Construction Manufacturing Wholesale trade Retail trade Transportation and warehousing FY2006 320 974 1,010 7,860 5,925 6,116 16,397 4,107

Hinds County Population-Employment Ratio

778.62 255.81 246.69 31.70 42.05 40.74 15.20 60.67

8 Information Finance and insurance Real estate and rental and leasing Professional, scientific, and technical services Management of companies and enterprises Administrative and waste services Educational services Health care and social assistance Arts, entertainment, and recreation Accommodation and food services Other services, except public administration Total Table3: Population-Employment Ratio 3,256 8,482 5,768 12,213 2,471 10,766 4,787 19,177 2,255 10,548 9,452 133,890 76.52 29.37 43.20 20.40 100.83 23.14 52.05 12.99 110.49 23.62 26.36

Population-Employment LQ2006 Ratio Forestry, fishing, and related activities 0.16 778.62 Mining 0.97 255.81 Utilities 1.12 246.69 Construction 0.69 31.7 Manufacturing 0.3 42.05 Wholesale trade 1.34 40.74 Retail trade 0.84 15.2 Transportation and warehousing 0.68 60.67 Information 1.73 76.52 Finance and insurance 1.57 29.37 Real estate and rental and leasing 1.28 43.2 Professional, scientific, and technical services 1.93 20.4 Management of companies and enterprises 2.22 100.83 Administrative and waste services 1.33 23.14 Educational services 2.05 52.05 Health care and social assistance 1.36 12.99 Arts, entertainment, and recreation 1.06 110.49 Accommodation and food services 0.82 23.62 Other services, except public administration 1 26.36 Table 4: Compare LQ and population-employment ratio to determine expansion possibility

According to the number of LQ in table 2 and population-employment ratio in table3, there is an expansion possibility in the Forestry, fishing, and related activities and mining sectors in Hinds County. In the other hand, expansion possibility is limited in

9 Administrative and waste, educational services, and health care and social assistance services sector.

5.4 Shift-Share Analysis

5.4.1 National Growth Share (NGS) According to the result in table 5, in the retail trade sector, there a significant growth in new job created locally due to economic trends. Moreover, overall sectors has positive trend in create new jobs to Hinds County.

5.4.2 Industrial Mix Share (IMS) The positive industrial mix indicates in construction, real estate and rental and leasing, professional, scientific, and technical services, administrative and waste services, educational services, health care and social assistance, and accommodation and food services sectors in Hinds County is growing faster than Mississippi State total employment.

5.4.3 The Competitive Share (efficient share) Hinds County gained additional jobs in forestry, fishing, and related activities; real estate and rental and leasing; professional, scientific, and technical services; and arts, entertainment, and recreation sectors due to growth and its industrial structure. This gain suggests the community is more efficient in securing additional employment than the rest of Mississippi.

10
Industrial Sector Forestry, fishing, and related activities Mining Utilities Construction Manufacturing Wholesale trade Retail trade Transportation and warehousing Information Finance and insurance Real estate and rental and leasing Professional, scientific, and technical services Management of companies and enterprises Administrative and waste services Educational services Health care and social assistance Arts, entertainment, and recreation Accommodation and food services Other services, except public administration Total 2001 297 1,270 1,168 7,788 8,870 6,691 19,070 4,448 6,512 9,863 4,503 9,735 2,777 10,726 4,221 17,863 2,430 10,984 9,512 140,729 Hinds County percent 2006 change 320 7.74% 974 -23.31% 1,010 -13.53% 7,860 0.92% 5,925 -33.20% 6,116 -8.59% 16,397 -14.02% 4,107 -7.67% 3,256 -50.00% 8,482 -14.00% 5,768 28.09% 12,213 25.45% 2,471 -11.02% 10,766 0.37% 4,787 13.41% 19,177 7.36% 2,255 -7.20% 10,548 -3.97% 9,452 -0.63% 133,890 -4.86% Mississippi 2001 20,056 8,904 8,156 86,020 205,517 39,102 172,384 48,992 19,226 47,128 32,070 48,081 10,898 54,206 17,685 111,908 27,404 106,631 76,930 1,143,299 2006 17,500 9,017 8,151 102,469 180,806 41,078 176,460 54,074 16,942 48,560 40,628 56,960 10,017 73,077 21,028 127,431 19,165 115,758 85,457 1,206,584 percent change -12.74% 1.27% -0.06% 19.12% -12.02% 5.05% 2.36% 10.37% -11.88% 3.04% 26.69% 18.47% -8.08% 34.81% 18.90% 13.87% -30.06% 8.56% 11.08% 5.54% Hinds County Shift-Share Average Industrial Competitive growth mix Share 16.45 # -54.30 60.85 70.36 # -54.24 -312.12 64.71 # -65.42 -157.28 431.46 # 1057.79 -1417.24 491.40 # -1557.91 -1878.49 370.68 # -32.56 -913.13 1056.48 # -605.57 -3123.91 246.42 # 214.98 -802.40 360.76 # -1134.37 -2482.39 546.41 # -246.72 -1680.69 249.47 # 952.18 63.36 539.32 # 1258.42 680.26 153.85 # -378.34 -81.51 594.22 # 3139.87 -3694.09 233.84 # 564.05 -231.90 989.61 # 1488.21 -1163.82 134.62 # -865.20 555.58 608.51 # 331.65 -1376.17 526.96 # 527.36 -1114.32 7796.39 # -6.62 -14628.77

Table5: Shift-Share Analysis

Appendix

Appendix A: Hinds County Profile

According to Hinds County Economic Development District, the location of Hinds County puts businesses located in the area in an excellent logistical position. Hinds County is strategically located in the center of the southeast United States and within 500 miles of all or part of 15 states and 76 Metropolitan areas which comprise approximately 39 percent of the nation's population and 35 percent of the total personal income. Jackson, the state capital and central city of the Jackson metropolitan area, is located at the intersection of Interstates 55 and 20. Hinds County draws many businesses because of its location and its transportation network. By road, rail, air, and water, the county offers a variety of economical and expeditious ways for quick and easy access to major cities throughout the world. This ability to access both foreign and domestic markets puts the world at the doorsteps of businesses located in Hinds County.

Demographic

Population Trend 1990-2007

County/City Hinds Bolton Clinton Edwards Jackson Learned Raymond Terry Utica FY1990 254,441 637 21,847 1,279 196,637 111 2,275 613 1,033 FY2000 250,800 629 23,347 1,347 184,256 50 1,664 664 966 FY2001 249,462 626 25,597 1,338 181,693 49 1,769 682 953 FY2002 248,741 623 25,760 1,331 180,043 48 1,766 675 943 FY2003 248,566 617 25,882 1,321 179,144 48 1,726 675 934 FY2004 249,621 616 25,989 1,319 179,060 48 1,688 686 929 FY2005 249,139 609 26,079 1,303 177,735 47 1,719 700 920 FY2006 251,326 614 26,510 1,330 178,182 47 1,730 728 930 FY2007 249,157 606 26,405 1,307 175,710 48 1,711 785 918

Table A1: Hinds County population trend, FY1990-2007 Source: Central Mississippi Planning & Development District (CMPDD), City/County population trend, Retrieved April 14, 2009

Hinds County Population 2007 estimate Male Female Median Age 18 Years and over HS diploma or higher In labor force Mean travel time to work Per capita income Table A2: Population estimated of Hinds County, FY2007 Source: The Hinds County Economic Development District, retrieved: April 14, 2009 249,157 117,963 132,837 31.9 180,735 120,803 119,165 21.6 minutes $17,785

Workforce

Component

Hinds County Labor Shed

Not employed but interested in working Underemployed Employed part-time, but prefer full-time Recent College Graduates Total Table A3: Hinds County Workforce fact

89,333 51,831 17,573 6,522 165,259

Source: Greater Jackson Alliance Mississippi Regional Workforce & Labor Market Assessment; Younger Associates, retrieved: April 14, 2009

LARGEST EMPLOYERS Employer State of Mississippi University Medical Center U.S. Government Jackson Public Schools Baptist Health Systems St. Dominic Health Services City of Jackson Trustmark National Bank Saks Incorporated AT&T Mississippi Jackson State University Central MS Medical Center Delphi Mississippi Eaton Aerospace Entergy Mississippi Table A4: Hinds County largest employers Source: The Hinds County Economic Development District, retrieved: April 14, 2009 Number Employed 31,556 8,000 5,500 4,814 2,875 2,600 2,323 1,075 800 1,300 1,667 1,200 1,075 625 765 Business Type State Government Medical Federal Government Education Medical Medical Government Banking Back Office Operations Communications Higher Education Medical Automotive Aerospace Electric Utility

Healthcare

Citizens of Hinds County have unparalleled access to advanced medical technology. The area's healthcare community has made a place for itself among leading health science centers and healthcare providers, achieving breakthroughs and establishing superior standards for medical care. The healthcare resources in the area are clustered around 13 hospital systems that include a major teaching and research center, a state psychiatric hospital, a large Department of Veterans Affairs facility, and 10 other private non-profit and for-profit institutions, with a combined bed space of 4,458. Greater Jackson's reputation as a center for excellent health care is enhanced by the areas low medical costs compared with similar regions.

Housing

The Hinds County housing market has an ample supply of new and existing homes. Potential buyers can access a good inventory of first homes, luxury homes, acreage, condominiums, and apartments in suburban or rural settings that offer a short commute. The average selling price of a home in the Greater Jackson area is $130,796, and the average cost of construction is $75 to $100 per square foot. Rental rates for a two-bedroom apartment are approximately $650 to $850. Whatever your preference, needs, and style, Hinds County has affordable quality homes conveniently located to work, school, and play.

Recreation

Hinds County offers an abundance of activities, attractions, and events that cater to any taste and predilection. The county is home to professional ballet, theater, and opera companies, and a statewide symphony orchestra. The capital city is also the U.S. host to the International Ballet Competition, which attracts the world's most talented dancers, and it is an annual site for the World Performance Series, which includes ballet, theater, dance, and music from some of the premier artists in the world. The Mississippi Zoo is here, as are many opportunities for boating, fishing, hiking, and golf. A great mix of dining options and ample shopping add to the countys immense livability.

Appendix B: City of Jackson Profile

Home to Mississippis capital city of Jackson, eight institutions of higher education, major medical facilities, abundant housing options, unique shopping and dining venues, and an enormous variety of recreation and leisure activities, Hinds County has a quality of life that cant be beat.

Demographic

2000
Jackson 184,256

2001
181,693

2002
180,043

2003
179,144

2004
179,060

2005
177,735

2006
178,182

2007
175,710

Table B1: Trend of population in City of Jackson FY2000-2007 Source: Central Mississippi Planning & Development District (CMPDD), retrieved April 14, 2009

Appendix C: Type of Retail Sales

Industry Sector (1) New And Used Automobile Dealers (2) Auto Repair (New Car Dealers) (3) Auto Parts, Tires, And Accessories (4) Automotive Repair Shops (5) Gasoline Service Stations Automotive (6) Automotive Parking Lots And Garages (7) Car Washes (8) Motorcycle Dealers And Repair (9) Trailer Dealers (10) Aircraft Dealers (11) Automotive Related Retail, Not Elsewhere Classified (1) Industrial Equipment and Supplies (2) Manufacturing Machinery (3) Marine Equipment and Supplies (4) Oil Field Equipment and Supplies Machinery, Equip, Supplies (5) Road and Construction Equipment and Supplies (6) Communication Equipment (7) Professional Hospital (8) Computer Equipment, Supplies and Repair (9) Farm equipment (10) Welding and General Repair (1) Grocery Stores (General) (2) Quick Stop, Grocery Stores Food & Beverage (3) Meat, Poultry And Fish Products (4) Specialty Food Related Stores (5) Liquor Stores (Package Stores And Bars) (6) Concession Stands, Quick Food Stores, And Ice

Cream Parlors (7) Restaurants And Cafes (Serving Alcoholic And/Or Non-Alcoholic Beverages). (1) Furniture Stores; (2) Appliance Stores; Furniture and Fixtures (3) Music Stores; (4) Business Furniture, Equipment, And Supplies; (5) Furniture Repair Stores. (1) Railroad Transportation (2) Intracity Bus Line (3) Trucking - Local and Long Distance (4) Water Transportation (5) Air Transportation (6) Transport Service Public Utilities (7) Telephone and Telegraph (8) Electric Company and Systems (9) Electric Power Associations - Sales (10) City Electric Systems (11) City Gas Systems (12) City Gas Systems (13) Water Supply (14) Industrial Fuel by Utilities (1) Department Stores (2) Automotive Merchandising (3) Direct Selling (4) Men's And Boys' Clothing Stores Apparel & General Merchandise (5) Ladies Ready-To-Wear Apparel Stores (6) Children And Infants Apparel Store (7) Shoe Stores (8) Apparel And Accessory Stores (9) General Merchandise

(1) Building Materials (Hardware); (2) Lumber And Other Building Materials; (3) Plumbing, Heating, And Air Conditioning; (4) Hardware Stores; (5) Fence Dealers; Lumber & Building Materials (6) Neon And Other Signs; (7) Monuments And Tombstones; (8) Saw Mills And Wood Preserving (9) Electrical Work; (10) Tin, Sheet Metal, And Fabric; (11) Tile Setting. (1) Agricultural Services; (2) Drug Stores; (3) Antique And Second Hand Stores; (4) Sporting Goods And Bicycles; (5) Jewelry Stores; (6) Florists; (7) Camera And Photographic Supplies; (8) Printing And Publishing; Miscellaneous Retail (9) Advertising Specialists And Supplies; (10) Mining (Metal, Sand, Gravel); (11) Medical And Dental Supplies; (12) Book And Stationery Stores; (13) Farm And Garden Supplies; (14) Fuel And Ice Dealers; (15) Cigar Stores And Stands; (16) Gift, Novelty, And Souvenir Stores; (17) ales To Electric Power Utilities; (18) Miscellaneous Retail Miscellaneous Services (1) Oil and Gas Field Services (2) Burglar and Fire Alarms

(3) Public Warehousing (4) Marina Services (5) Fixed Facilities, Air Transport (6) TV Cable Service (7) Phone Answering Service (8) Banking (9) Insurance Carriers (10) Hotels, Courts, and Motels (11) Trailer Parks (12) Laundries, Dry Cleaning Wholesales (1) Beer (2) Distilled Alcoholic Beverage (1) Drilling Oil and Gas Wells (2) General Building Contractors (3) Heavy Construction Contractors (4) Mechanical Contractors Contracting (5) Electrical Contractors (6) Insulation Contractors (7) Elevator or Escalator Service (8) Water Well Drilling (9) Excavating, Grading, and Landscaping (1) Motion Picture Shows (2) Nightclubs, Dance, Etc. (3) Bowling, Billiards, and Pool (4) Skating Rinks Recreation (5) Parks, Etc. (6) Race Tracks (7) College Athletics (8) Botanical Gardens, Zoos, Aquariums (9) Museums Table C1: Industrial Sectors

Source: Mississippi State Tax Commission, Annual Report

Appendix D: Calculations
City of Jackson & Hinds County's Pull Factors
FY 2007 Per Capita Income (Dollars) 19,251 27,468 25,051 FY 2007 Total Retail Sales (Dollars) 3,120,969,093 4,802,489,989 47,034,556,873 Retail Sales(4) (Dollars) Hinds County 770,192,926 216,358,632 709,462,192 128,042,634 382,166,043 541,301,832 313,318,808 421,848,572 276,405,889 283,098,972 749,879,571 10,413,912 4,802,489,989 FY 2007 Populations (Dollars)(3) 176,614 249,012 2,910,540

Trade Area Capture 251314.6213 271032.2759 2,910,540

Pull Factor* 1.42 1.09 1.00

City of Jackson(1) Hinds County(2) Mississippi

Retail Sectors Automotive Machinery, Equip, Supplies Food & Beverage Furniture and Fixtures Public Utilities Apparel & General Merchandise Lumber & Building Materials Miscellaneous Retail Miscellaneous Services Wholesales Contracting Recreation Total

City of Jackson 704,744,821 160,345,066 547,660,325 122,797,603 335,827,209 433,588,090 235,438,625 332,074,816 207,471,040 32,795,735 3,765,450 3,120,969,093

Mississippi 6,425,719,094 3,065,223,100 7,183,344,469 1,017,087,102 4,160,798,241 7,517,150,424 3,892,931,471 3,741,915,105 2,605,241,338 728,839,672 7,289,280,846 135,865,676 47,034,556,873

Pull Factors City of Jackson Hinds County 2.35 1.28 1.12 0.75 1.63 1.05 2.59 1.34 1.73 0.98 1.24 0.77 1.30 0.86 1.90 1.20 1.71 1.13 4.14 0.10 1.10 0.59 0.82 2.19 1.09

(1) Metro Jackson Economic Development Alliance, FY 2006 http://www.jacksonms.gov/assets/planning/Ha (1) U.S. Bureau of Census, Quick Facts, FY 2006, http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/28/2836000.html (2) Hinds County Economic Development District, FY 2006, http://www.selecthinds.com/demographics.asp (3) Regional Economic Information System, Bureau of Economic Analysis, (4) Mississippi State Tax Commission, Annual Report, FY 2007

Table D1: City of Jackson and Hinds County pull factors

City of Jackson's Trend of Retail Sales by Sectors

Retail Sectors
Automotive Machinery, Equip, Supplies Food & Beverage Furniture and Fixtures Public Utilities Apparel & General Merchandise Lumber & Building Materials Miscellaneous Retail Miscellaneous Services Wholesales Contracting Recreation Total

FY1998
712,480,646 174,890,810 524,413,243 103,366,362 181,466,993 448,438,299 244,774,380 362,106,000 195,687,374 n/a 26,249,344 5,485,028
2,979,358,478

FY1999
748,742,921 196,342,782 551,943,720 100,410,495 198,265,897 463,142,000 269,876,158 378,465,158 221,541,738 n/a 29,465,282 4,828,859
3,163,025,012

FY2000
786,276,939 212,370,847 546,442,821 94,271,731 225,284,465 451,345,009 257,332,299 401,948,454 197,005,572 n/a 30,997,755 3,686,866
3,206,962,763

FY2001
774,060,216 173,960,448 563,931,563 105,072,208 311,203,054 423,020,250 208,582,424 422,735,499 159,641,224 n/a 31,493,887 3,759,356
3,177,460,135

FY2002
776,645,187 159,425,972 557,318,313 105,078,089 277,481,400 438,139,761 196,998,471 437,986,904 150,786,113 n/a 31,708,820 3,756,763
3,135,325,796

FY2003
754,714,902 158,096,149 563,052,200 100,744,666 284,252,781 427,322,713 217,341,361 367,341,396 161,143,054 n/a 30,338,355 4,108,855
3,068,456,437

FY2004
742,851,004 133,359,400 596,735,199 111,845,636 322,642,884 417,894,408 247,377,521 378,280,084 160,236,370 n/a 19,297,115 3,405,462
3,133,946,730

FY2005
727,219,984 141,751,048 582,882,981 117,293,249 347,417,785 411,900,792 259,314,763 342,797,051 165,382,284 n/a 37,136,189 3,265,564
3,136,361,694

FY2006
737,260,911 168,842,038 566,207,154 129,169,697 438,735,163 435,047,290 266,730,676 341,246,525 213,060,824 n/a 30,626,380 3,739,935
3,336,042,431

FY2007
704,744,821 160,345,066 547,660,325 122,797,603 335,827,209 433,588,090 235,438,625 332,074,816 207,471,040 n/a 32,795,735 3,765,450
3,120,969,093

Table D2: City of Jackson Retail Sales Trend (FY1998-FY2007

City of Jackson Retail Sales Trend

3500000000

3000000000

2500000000

2000000000

1500000000

1000000000

Recreation Contracting Wholesales Miscellaneous Services Miscellaneous Retail Lumber & Building Materials Apparel & General Merchandise Public Utilities Furniture and Fixtures Food & Beverage Machinery, Equip, Supplies Automotive

500000000

0 FY1998 FY1999 FY2000 FY2001 FY2002 FY2003 FY2004 FY2005 FY2006 FY2007

Figure D1: City of Jackson Retail Sales Trend (FY1998-FY2007)

Hinds County's Trend of Retail Sales by Sectors

Retail Sectors
Automotive Machinery, Equip, Supplies Food & Beverage Furniture and Fixtures Public Utilities Apparel & General Merchandise Lumber & Building Materials Miscellaneous Retail Miscellaneous Services Wholesales Contracting Recreation

FY1998
771,817,430 243,923,194 650,624,058 107,450,069 203,548,169 498,766,270 272,027,704 402,250,591 216,472,732 262,194,994 501,690,033 9,474,528 Total
4,140,239,774

FY1999
811,412,148 296,548,284 672,585,942 104,731,480 218,397,681 512,153,323 298,174,547 426,215,769 247,623,589 254,747,643 509,291,511 9,480,471
4,361,362,389

FY2000
850,375,619 303,764,975 664,407,239 96,665,131 245,808,798 498,095,306 299,102,300 466,531,829 264,735,124 235,941,555 605,905,960 7,238,662
4,538,572,504

FY2001
831,888,618 234,373,609 675,376,851 107,281,156 337,783,440 501,158,263 233,919,242 493,456,083 205,239,716 241,540,599 494,460,506 8,037,955
4,364,516,044

FY2002
845,882,313 214,135,239 670,142,030 107,183,591 305,480,240 526,172,233 226,002,720 506,177,491 182,156,317 251,198,319 483,303,650 7,710,959
4,325,545,108

FY2003
839,293,587 196,072,312 683,705,462 107,271,760 314,871,027 520,855,803 244,433,463 444,404,349 208,403,448 258,379,283 443,502,323 8,083,063
4,269,275,886

FY2004
838,154,643 160,829,870 721,601,866 114,951,425 360,836,372 537,409,383 284,247,895 465,078,842 185,419,975 269,687,948 456,441,918 7,312,673
4,401,972,816

FY2005
833,736,166 183,655,210 717,899,941 119,318,864 386,285,613 510,821,862 298,352,850 429,542,606 187,474,602 279,825,276 514,083,314 6,900,482
4,467,896,791

FY2006
803,730,252 242,502,079 718,951,764 133,892,690 487,907,841 548,160,915 325,048,016 428,109,784 187,474,602 297,530,534 660,671,018 10,625,031
4,926,573,468

FY2007
770,192,926 216,358,632 709,462,192 128,042,634 382,166,043 541,301,832 313,318,808 421,848,572 276,405,889 283,098,972 749,879,571 10,413,912
4,802,489,989

Table D3 Hinds County Retail Sales Trend (FY1998-FY2007)

Hinds County Retail Sales Trend (FY1998-FY2007)

6000000000

5000000000

4000000000

3000000000

2000000000

Recreation Contracting Wholesales Miscellaneous Services Miscellaneous Retail Lumber & Building Materials Apparel & General Merchandise Public Utilities Furniture and Fixtures Food & Beverage Machinery, Equip, Supplies Automotive

1000000000

0 FY1998 FY1999 FY2000 FY2001 FY2002 FY2003 FY2004 FY2005 FY2006 FY2007

Figure D2: Hinds County Retail Sales Trend (FY1998-FY2007)

Hinds County's Municipality Total Retail Sales (FY2007)

FY 2007 Total Retail Sales (Dollars) 11,983,961 322,129,852 5,075,124 3,120,969,093 n/a 13,179,558 11,664,891 11,711,673 3,496,714,152

City Bolton Clinton Edwards Jackson Learned Raymond Terry Utica Total

Table D4: Hinds County's Municipalities Total Retail Sales (FY2007)

Hinds County's Municipalities Total Retail Sales (FY2007)

0% 00% 00% %%

10%

0%

90%

City

Bolton

Clinton

Edwards

Jackson

Learned

Raymond

Terry

Utica

Figure D3: Hinds County's Municipalities Total Retail Sales (FY2007)

Percentage of Change in Retail Sales of City of Jackson and Hinds County (FY1998-FY2007)
City of Jackson Retail Sales(Dollars) Retail Sectors Automotive Machinery, Equip, Supplies Food & Beverage Furniture and Fixtures Public Utilities Apparel & General Merchandise Lumber & Building Materials Miscellaneous Retail Miscellaneous Services Wholesales Contracting Recreation Total FY1998 712,480,646 174,890,810 524,413,243 103,366,362 181,466,993 448,438,299 244,774,380 362,106,000 195,687,374 n/a 26,249,344 5,485,028 2,979,358,478 FY2007 704,744,821 160,345,066 547,660,325 122,797,603 335,827,209 433,588,090 235,438,625 332,074,816 207,471,040 n/a 32,795,735 3,765,450 3,120,969,093 24.94% -31.35% 4.75% %Change -1.09% -8.32% 4.43% 18.80% 85.06% -3.31% -3.81% -8.29% 6.02% FY1998 771,817,430 243,923,194 650,624,058 107,450,069 203,548,169 498,766,270 272,027,704 402,250,591 216,472,732 262,194,994 501,690,033 9,474,528 4,140,239,774 Hinds County Retail Sales(Dollars) FY2007 770,192,926 216,358,632 709,462,192 128,042,634 382,166,043 541,301,832 313,318,808 421,848,572 276,405,889 283,098,972 749,879,571 10,413,912 4,802,489,989 %Change -0.21% -11.30% 9.04% 19.16% 87.75% 8.53% 15.18% 4.87% 27.69% 7.97% 49.47% 9.91% 16.00%

Table D5: Percentage of Change in Retail Sales of City of Jackson and Hinds County (FY1998-FY2007)

Location Quotient
Hinds County Industrial Sector
Forestry, fishing, and related activities Mining Utilities Construction Manufacturing Wholesale trade Retail trade Transportation and warehousing Information Finance and insurance Real estate and rental and leasing Professional, scientific, and technical services Management of companies and enterprises Administrative and waste services Educational services Health care and social assistance Arts, entertainment, and recreation Accommodation and food services Other services, except public administration 2001 2006 2001(%) 2006(%) 2001

Mississippi
2006 2001(%) 2006(%) LQ2001 LQ2006

297 1,270 1,168 7,788 8,870 6,691 19,070 4,448 6,512 9,863 4,503 9,735 2,777 10,726 4,221 17,863 2,430 10,984 9,512
140,729

320 974 1,010 7,860 5,925 6,116 16,397 4,107 3,256 8,482 5,768 12,213 2,471 10,766 4,787 19,177 2,255 10,548 9,452
133,890

0.21% 0.90% 0.83% 5.53% 6.30% 4.75% 13.55% 3.16% 4.63% 7.01% 3.20% 6.92% 1.97% 7.62% 3.00% 12.69% 1.73% 7.81% 6.76%
100.00%

0.24% 0.73% 0.75% 5.87% 4.43% 4.57% 12.25% 3.07% 2.43% 6.34% 4.31% 9.12% 1.85% 8.04% 3.58% 14.32% 1.68% 7.88% 7.06%
100.00%

20,056 8,904 8,156 86,020 205,517 39,102 172,384 48,992 19,226 47,128 32,070 48,081 10,898 54,206 17,685 111,908 27,404 106,631 76,930
1,143,299

17,500 9,017 8,151 102,469 180,806 41,078 176,460 54,074 16,942 48,560 40,628 56,960 10,017 73,077 21,028 127,431 19,165 115,758 85,457
1,206,584

1.75% 0.78% 0.71% 7.52% 17.98% 3.42% 15.08% 4.29% 1.68% 4.12% 2.81% 4.21% 0.95% 4.74% 1.55% 9.79% 2.40% 9.33% 6.73%
100.00%

1.45% 0.75% 0.68% 8.49% 14.98% 3.40% 14.62% 4.48% 1.40% 4.02% 3.37% 4.72% 0.83% 6.06% 1.74% 10.56% 1.59% 9.59% 7.08%
100.00%

0.12 1.16 1.16 0.74 0.35 1.39 0.90 0.74 2.75 1.70 1.14 1.64 2.07 1.61 1.94 1.30 0.72 0.84 1.00
1.00

0.16 0.97 1.12 0.69 0.30 1.34 0.84 0.68 1.73 1.57 1.28 1.93 2.22 1.33 2.05 1.36 1.06 0.82 1.00
1.00

Total

Table D6: Location Quotient

Population-Employment Ratio
Industrial Sector Forestry, fishing, and related activities Mining Utilities Construction Manufacturing Wholesale trade Retail trade Transportation and warehousing Information Finance and insurance Real estate and rental and leasing Professional, scientific, and technical services Management of companies and enterprises Administrative and waste services Educational services Health care and social assistance Arts, entertainment, and recreation Accommodation and food services Other services, except public administration
Total 2006

320 974 1,010 7,860 5,925 6,116 16,397 4,107 3,256 8,482 5,768 12,213 2,471 10,766 4,787 19,177 2,255 10,548 9,452
133,890

Hinds County Population-Employee Ratio 778.62 255.81 246.69 31.70 42.05 40.74 15.20 60.67 76.52 29.37 43.20 20.40 100.83 23.14 52.05 12.99 110.49 23.62 26.36

Population Estimate (FY2007) = 249,157 Table D7: Population-employment ratio

Shift-Share Analysis
Hinds County Industrial Sector
Forestry, fishing, and related activities Mining Utilities Construction Manufacturing Wholesale trade Retail trade Transportation and warehousing Information Finance and insurance Real estate and rental and leasing Professional, scientific, and technical services Management of companies and enterprises Administrative and waste services Educational services Health care and social assistance Arts, entertainment, and recreation Accommodation and food services Other services, except public administration 2001 2006 % change 2001

Mississippi
2006 % change

297 1,270 1,168 7,788 8,870 6,691 19,070 4,448 6,512 9,863 4,503 9,735 2,777 10,726 4,221 17,863 2,430 10,984 9,512
140,729

320 974 1,010 7,860 5,925 6,116 16,397 4,107 3,256 8,482 5,768 12,213 2,471 10,766 4,787 19,177 2,255 10,548 9,452
133,890

Total

7.74% -23.31% -13.53% 0.92% -33.20% -8.59% -14.02% -7.67% -50.00% -14.00% 28.09% 25.45% -11.02% 0.37% 13.41% 7.36% -7.20% -3.97% -0.63% -4.86%

20,056 8,904 8,156 86,020 205,517 39,102 172,384 48,992 19,226 47,128 32,070 48,081 10,898 54,206 17,685 111,908 27,404 106,631 76,930
1,143,299

17,500 9,017 8,151 102,469 180,806 41,078 176,460 54,074 16,942 48,560 40,628 56,960 10,017 73,077 21,028 127,431 19,165 115,758 85,457
1,206,584

-12.74% 1.27% -0.06% 19.12% -12.02% 5.05% 2.36% 10.37% -11.88% 3.04% 26.69% 18.47% -8.08% 34.81% 18.90% 13.87% -30.06% 8.56% 11.08% 5.54%

Hinds County Shif-Share Industrial Competitive mix Share 16.45 # -54.30 60.85 70.36 # -54.24 -312.12 64.71 # -65.42 -157.28 431.46 # 1057.79 -1417.24 491.40 # -1557.91 -1878.49 370.68 # -32.56 -913.13 1056.48 # -605.57 -3123.91 246.42 # 214.98 -802.40 360.76 # -1134.37 -2482.39 546.41 # -246.72 -1680.69 249.47 # 952.18 63.36 539.32 # 1258.42 680.26 153.85 # -378.34 -81.51 594.22 # 3139.87 -3694.09 233.84 # 564.05 -231.90 989.61 # 1488.21 -1163.82 134.62 # -865.20 555.58 608.51 # 331.65 -1376.17 526.96 # 527.36 -1114.32 7796.39 # -6.62 -14628.77
Average growth

Table D7: Shift-Share Analysis

Reference
Central Mississippi Planning & Development District (CMPDD),City/County population trend, Retrieved April 14, 2009: http://www.cmpdd.org/Demographic%20 Data%20Charts/2000-2008%20CMPDD%20County%20&%20City%20 Population%20Change.pdf Central Mississippi Planning & Development District (CMPDD), Retrieved April 14, http://www.cmpdd.org/Demographic%20Data%20Charts/20012007%20Mississippi%20Population%20Estimates%20by%20Place.pdf Hinds County Economic Development District, FY 2006, Retrieved: March, 2009 http://www.selecthinds.com/demographics.asp Hustedde Ronald, North Central Regional Center for Rural Development, 2005, Metro Jackson Economic Development Alliance FY 2006, Retrieved: March, 2009 http://www.jacksonms.gov/assets/planning/Hawkins%20Field%20Data%20Sheet. pdf Mississippi State Tax Commission, Annual Report (FY 1998-2007) U.S. Bureau of Census, Quick Facts FY 2006, Retrieved: March, 2009, http://factfinder. census.gov/servlet/ACSSAFFFacts?_event=Search&geo_id=&_geoContext=&_st reet=&_county=jackson+city&_cityTown=jackson+city&_state=04000US28&_zi p=&_lang=en&_sse=on&pctxt=fph&pgsl=010 U.S. Bureau of Census, Fact Finder, http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/GCTTable?_bm= y&-geo_id=04000US28&-_box_h ead_nbr=GCT-T1&-ds_name=PEP_2007_EST &-_lang=en&-format=ST-9&-_sse=on U.S. Bureau of Census, Quick Facts FY 2006, Retrieved: March, 2009, http://quickfacts. census.gov/qfd/states/28/2836000.html