Trigonometry Summary Sheet

Complementary Angles
sin(90 ) cos
cos(90 ) sin
1
tan(90 )
tan
u u
u u
u
u
=
=
=

Supplementary Angles
sin(180 ) sin( )
cos(180 ) cos( )
tan(180 ) tan( )
u u
u u
u u
=
=
=

Negative Angles
sin( ) sin
cos( ) cos
tan( ) tan
u u
u u
u u
=
=
=

Special Angles






Identities

(1) Reciprocals


(2) Shaded Triangles




(3) Clockwise direction


(4) Anti-clockwise direction


Compound Angle



Double Angle

2 2 2 2
2
cos 2 cos sin 2cos 1 1 2sin
2tan
tan 2
1 tan
x x x x x
A
A
A
= = =
=

R Formulae
cos sin cos( )
sin cos sin( )
a b R
a b R
u u u o
u u u o
=
=

2 2 1
where , tan
b
R a b
a

= + =
Factor Formulae
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
1 1
2 2
1 1
2 2
sin sin 2sin cos
sin sin 2cos sin
A B A B A B
A B A B A B
+ = +
= +

( ) ( )
( ) ( )
1 1
2 2
1 1
2 2
cos cos 2cos cos
cos cos 2sin sin
A B A B A B
A B A B A B
+ = +
= +

A (ALL) S (SIN)
T (TAN) C (COS)
sin , cos , tan
opp adj opp
hyp hyp adj
u u u = = =
2
1
1
45
o

1
60
o
30
o
3
1
2
1
sin 45
2
1
cos 45
2
tan 45 1

=
=
=
1
sin30
2
3
cos30
2
1
tan30
3

=
=
=
3
sin 60
2
1
cos 60
2
tan 60 3

=
=
=
2 2
2 2
2 2
sin cos 1
tan 1 sec
1 cot cosec
u u
u u
u u
+ =
+ =
+ =
sin cos cot
tan , sin , cos ,...
cos cot cosec
etc
u u u
u u u
u u u
= = =
cos sin tan
cot , cos , sin ,...
sin tan sec
etc
u u u
u u u
u u u
= = =
sin( ) sin cos cos sin
cos( ) cos cos sin sin
x y x y x y
x y x y x y
=
=
tan tan
tan( )
1 tan tan
x y
x y
x y

sin 2 2sin cos x x x =

1 1 1
cosec , sec , cot
sin cos tan
u u u
u u u
= = =

Graphs
(1) Sine
1 sin 1 u s s

(2) Cosine

1 cos 1 u s s
(3) Tangent
tanu s s
General Form:
sin ( )
cos ( )
tan ( )
y a b x c
y a b x c
y a b x c
u
u
u
= +
= +
= +

Where a affects the amplitude,
b affects the frequency (no. of cycles),
c shifts the graph up or down,
shifts the graph left or right (phase shift).

For tangent graph, there are 2 asymptotes for
0 2 x t s s .
Conversion between angles in degrees and radians
x

60

120

180

240

300

360

x rad
3
t

2
3
t

3
3
t

4
3
t

5
3
t

6
3
t


x

45

90

135

180

225

270

315

360

x rad
4
t

2
4
t

3
4
t

4
4
t

5
4
t

6
4
t

7
4
t

8
4
t


x

30

60

90

120

150

180

210

240

270

300

330

360

x rad
6
t

2
6
t

3
6
t

4
6
t

5
6
t

6
6
t

7
6
t

8
6
t

9
6
t

10
6
t 11
6
t

12
6
t


180 rad t =