Homework 2 Solutions

STA320 Summer II 2004

1. Many online courses keep a test bank of questions available, and when a student takes a test questions are randomly selected from the bank. Suppose a particularl test bank of questions has 200 questions in it, and that a student knows 150 of them. A quiz is contructed by selected 6 questions at random from the bank. What is the probability the student knows exactly 5 of the selected questions? There are 200 choose 6 possible quizzes that could be generated. Of these possible quizzes, we are looking for the probability we get a quiz where the students knows exactly 5 of the questions. Therefore, we need to pick 5 of the 150 questions the students knows, and 1 of the 50 questions the student doesnt know. Therefore, the probability we generate a quiz where the student knows exactly 5 of the questions is
150 5 200 6 50 1

(591, 600, 030)(50) 29, 580, 001, 500 = = 0.3589 82, 408, 626, 300 82, 408, 626, 300

2. A square table ts 2 chairs on each side (consider the sides North, South, East, and West). How many ways can 4 couples be seated such that each couple is seated together (i.e. each person is seated on the same side as their spouse)? There are four couples which need to be allocated among the 4 sides of the table. Thus there are 4! = 24 ways to allocate the couples to sides. Within each of these allocations, there are 24 = 16 possible arrangements, because after you have allocated couples to sides, there are 2 possibilities for each of the 4 couples (you can seat each couple husband-wife or wife-husband). The total number of possibilities is (24)(16) = 384. 3. A pool of people for jury duty contains 100 married people (thus, 50 married couples). You select 10 people at random from the group. What is the probability that NO married couple is selected? There are 100 choose 10 possible groups of 10 people among the 100 people. We then need to gure out how many of these groups involve no married couple being selected. Note that if no married couple is selected, our 10 people have to come from 10 distinct couples. Thus, out of the 50 couples, we have select representatives from 10 of them. Then, within each of the selected couples, we have to select 1 of the 2 spouses. The result is
50 10 100 10 2 1
10

(10, 272, 278, 170)(1, 024) 10, 518, 812, 846, 080 = = 0.6077 17, 310, 309, 456, 440 17, 310, 309, 456, 440

4. A standard card deck contains 52 cards. There are 13 cards (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, J, Q, K, A) in each of 4 suits (clubs, diamonds, hearts, spades). A poker hand contains 5 cards drawn at random from the 52 card deck a) A full house consists of getting 2 cards of one rank and 3 cards of another rank (for example, two 3s and three 7s). What is the probability of getting a full house? To get a full house, you need 3 cards of one suit and 2 cards of another. Thus, out of the 13 suits, you have to pick 1 to get the three cards in, and then of the 12 cards remaining you have have to pick 1 to get the pair in. Then, of the 4 cards in triple suit, you have to pick 3 of the cards, and of the 4 cards in the pair suit, you have to pick 2 of the cards. Finally, there are 52 choose 5 total hands, so the probability is
13 1 12 1 52 5 4 3 4 2

3, 744 = 0.001441 2, 598, 960

b) A ush consists of getting all 5 cards of the same suit (for example, all 5 cards are hearts). What is the probability of getting a ush? First you have to pick 1 of the 4 suits to get the ush in, and then of the 13 cards in the suit you have to pick 5. Thus the probability is
4 1 52 5 13 5

5, 148 = 0.001981 2, 598, 960

5. Suppose you are being dealt a poker hand (5 cards), and your rst 2 cards are hearts. What is the probability that you will be dealt a ush (i.e. what is the probability the next three cards will also be hearts)? If you already have the rst 2 cards, there are 50 cards remaining in the deck, of which you will select 3. Thus, there are 50 choose 3 possible ways to complete the hand. Since you already have 2 hearts, the only way a ush can be completed is that the next three cards are hearts. There are 50 cards remaining in the deck, and 11 of them are hearts. Thus, you have to pick 3 of the 11 remaining hearts. The probability is
11 3 50 3

165 = 0.008418 19, 600