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,
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1
(Vapour Locks), ,
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Open
Semi-closed
Closed
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, .( Distance measuring device
All modern tankers are equipped with remote metering devices to
continuously monitor the level of cargo in the tank and its temperature. When using
any measuring device, you must consider not only the accuracy of the devices
mentioned in the passport measuring device manufacturer as accuracy and precision
calibration of these devices and their proper use. Measuring device should ensure
reliability during repeated use. Reliability of measuring device is expressed in
constant amendments under different conditions of measurements. In other words, the
measuring device with low accuracy can be quite a long time, providing a reliable
level measurement of cargo, even with low accuracy. Alternatively, the device can
provide highly accurate measurements of the right goods are only a few times, and
then appearing variable error, forcing be carefully calibrated before each
measurement device. But most of all to work measuring device affects their technical
condition. Painted or rusted surface sensors, broken sight glasses, lack of lubrication
hoisting damaged floats - that's just some of the faults that can cause damage to any
measuring device. To testify "tonnage machine" corresponded to the actual level of
cargo in the tank, measuring devices must be calibrated. Smallest (empty tank) and
the highest (up) reading measuring device shall be indicated on the measuring device,
so as to always be able to check his statement. Further Adjustment of measuring
device by means of special tables or graphs of readings measuring device, the density
of the cargo and its temperature.
Float measuring device)
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2).
. 2. .
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(Trim Correction & List
Correction),
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.2 .
. 3.
-, , ,
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( , 1,0 /).
(Buoyancy Correction Float Correction)
(.4.).
.4.
1 ,
0,1
(.5)
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. 5.
SAAB
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(, - .),
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. 6 .
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(Draught Survey).
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(,
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. 7.
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) ( 20-30 ).
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( 2-).
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( 10
+90).
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, 0,5,
6 , 2 ,
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0,1
0,2
0,5 %
0,5 %
.
0,2 40
0,5 - 160
4
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, , -, , -,
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, UTI
(Ullage, Temperature, Interface).
. 8.
,
(Vapour Locks).
( 8,),
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. 9. .
. 10.
. 10. () () .
9
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(, , ,
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(Manifold Sample).
,
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(First Feet
Sample).
. , ,
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35-40, ,
.
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(Running
First Feet).
(Final After Loading Sample).
3- .
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(Samples Locker).
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17 ,
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11
. 12.
. 13. .
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12
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SAMPLE
No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Date
Time
LOG
Voyage:____________________
Date: ____________________
Port: ____________________
Terminal:___________________
Type of sample
Cargo
Remarks
. 14. .
, ,
.
,
.
.
- ,
.
,
. (gross quantity)
, ,
(net quantity) ,
. ,
,
. ,
13
14
:
VL = 98% V
VL - ,
V - 100 % -
-
-
, . ,
.
98 %.
(Design Specific Gravity- DSG)
.
m
V
DSG -
V - 100%
m - .
DSG = 0,98
1,7 1,8 /, 1,4-1,5 /.
(Procedures and Arrangement
Manual).
, ,
, ..,
,
.
, 98 %
FL = 98
DSG
SG
Fl - , %
DSG , /
SG - , /.
, ,
,
, 98 %
, .
15
98% !
.
.
( ).
( ,
, ). ,
.
.
.
,
,
. , ,
,
.
:
+15 (
+20)
.
(
). ASTM D
2598.
.
COSTALD (Corresponding State of Liquid
Density).
,
:
(Density),
.
: /.
(Apparent Density)
. : /, /, /.
(Relative Density)
, .
,
R.D. 15/15, R.D. 20/4, R.D. 15/20, R.D. 60/60 F ..
,
, ,
.
(Specific Gravity - SG),
( )
16
.
lbs/gal. ( ).
:
(/)
1.00000
0.99913
0.99904
0.99823
0.99707
0.98807
4
15
15,56 (60 F)
20
25
50
/
0.99888
0.99805
0.99796
0.99717
0.99604
0.98702
,
. ,
- ,
.
:
:
/
,
( ) .
:
/
,
( ) .
:
25/20 0.8764 .
.
, ,
+20 0.99823 / 998,23 /.
+25 :
0.8764 998,23 /= 874,849 /.
- API Gravity (American Petroleum Industry)
,
. API Gravity
:
RD 60/60 =
141,5
141,5
API 60/60 =
131,5
API
+ 131,5
RD 60/60
60/60
, (R.D.) :
17
D15/15 =
RD60/60 999.012
VCF 60
Relative
Density
Density
60/60 F
15 C
1.0639
1063.2
1.0631
1062.4
1.0623
1061.6
1.0615
1060.8
1.0607
1060.0
21. ASTM
API
Gravity
60 F
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
Relative
Density
60/60 F
1.0404
1.0397
1.0389
1.0382
1.0374
Density
15 C
1039.8
1039.0
1038.3
1037.5
1036.7
/ ( lbs/ gal)
0.1198264 ,
.
: (Liter Weight),
LW ( /) .
( )
, . ,
(VF) LW,
. ,
LW ,
. :
1,0
0,9
0,8
0,7
1,00108
1,00122
1,00139
1,00161
D = VF LW
SG 15/15 =
VF LW
0,99913
SG 15,6/15,6=
VF LW
0,99903
18
0,7950
0,8829
0,8126
1,5250
0,7820
(DEG) 1,1190
0,8122
0,9331
0,6824
(IPA)
0,7884
0,7952
0,8830
0,8643
0,9095
0,8703
0,8680
. 16.
.
1
0,00114
0,00105
0,00077
0,00063
0,00095
0,00071
0,00086
0,00071
0,00092
0,00084
0,00095
0,00085
0,00087
0,00089
0,00092
0,00086
10
19
.
,
:
Ci .
.
n R
e l a t i v e D o Fe n) sc i o t ym i x(p 6i oC 0 u / 6n 0 d
o Fe n) s =i t y
R e
l a t i v
e D
0 / 6 0
( 6,
1 0 0
i = 1
,
.
+30 60.
xi Mi
xV
i
t /;
xi ;
Mi ;
Vi .
+30 60
:
Mi
Vi =
{ A -( B t) [ C : ( E - t) ] }
t ,
, , , .
COSTALD.
Corresponding State of Liquid Density ( COSTALD).
. , ,
, , 0,08%.
COSTALD ,
.
.
.
20
( ),
.
, ,
, .
P = m g
, ,
, ,
, .
. ,
, .
(W1).
, ,
(W2).
,
.
. ,
(),
8000 /,
() ( 1013
+20 ) 1,2 /.
,
.
:
M =V
:
V =
M
8000 / 3
M = 1,2
M
= 0,00015M
8000
:
W1 W2 = M + 0,00015 M
0,99985 ,
, ,
. 1,00015 ( 1,2)
( - ).
( 2).
56 ASTM
21
ASTM 56 ,
,
.
15 (/) 1,1.
, .
1,00015 ( 1,2)
(1,00015 ( 1,2))
500
600
700
800
900
1.000
1.100
498,87
598,89
698,90
798,92
898,93
998,95
1.098,96
1,125
1,110
1,095
1,080
1,065
1,050
1,035
.17. . .
.
:
+15,
ASTM.
+15
ASTM.
. ,
.
(Kg/L)
(Kg/L)
0,5000 to 0,5191
0,5192 to 0,5421
0,5422 to 0,5673
0,5674 to 0,5950
0,5951 to 0,6255
0,99775
0,99785
0,99795
0,99805
0,99815
0,5000 to 0,5201
0,5202 to 0,5432
0,5433 to 0,5684
0,5685 to 0,5960
0,5961 to 0,6265
1,00225
1,00215
1,00205
1,00195
1,00185
Density at 15C
22
0,6256 to 0,6593
0,6594 to 0,6970
0,6971 to 0,7392
0,7393 to 0,7869
0,7870 to 0,8411
0,8412 to 0,9034
0,9035 to 0,9756
0,9757 to 1,0604
1,0605 to 1,1000
0,99825
0,99835
0,99845
0,99855
0,99865
0,99875
0,99885
0,99895
0,99905
0,6266 to 0,6603
0,6604 to 0,6980
0,6981 to 0,7402
0,7403 to 0,7879
0,7880 to 0,8421
0,8422 to 0,9044
0,9045 to 0,9766
0,9767 to 1,0614
1,0615 to 1,1000
1,00175
1,00165
1,00155
1,00145
1,00135
1,00125
1,00115
1,00105
1,00095
. 18. 56 ASTM.
.
ASTM 54 (54
54D ).
()
- GOV.
(15/15) ASTM 21
15 . ,
, ,
+15 .
ASTM 54 (Volume Reduction Factor).
+15 .
,
+15 - GSV.
, .
:
520,844 3
+3. +15,
, 889 /3. .
:
54D,
:
54 D. .
+15.
+15
,
880
882
884
886
888
890
2.5
1,0089 1,0089 1,0089 1,0088 1,0088 1,0088
3,0
1,0085 1,0085 1,0085 1,0085 1,0085 1,0084
3,5
1,0082 1,0082 1,0081 1,0081 1,0081 1,0081
892
894
1,0088
1,0084
1,0081
1,0088
1,0084
1,0081
23
.
(888 890),
+3, 1,00845.
GOV , GSV
GV VCF = GSV
520,844 1,00845 = 525.245 3.
:
525,245 3 0,889 /3 = 466,943 .
0,99875 56 0,8412 0,9034 :
466,943 0,99875 = 466,359
.
,
,
. ,
,
,
.
,
1 (1 F) - Density Correction Factor (DCF).
(VCF) (DCF).
:
= - DCF t
t = t t C
-
-
t
t (20 15 )
,
.
:
DCF = VCF C
24
,
,
ASTM,
, ASTM 53.
. ,
.
.
(Draught Survey).
,
, , -Draught
Survey. , , ,
-
, Draught Survey-
. :
.
.
.
, ? ,
, - . , ,
,
. ,
, ,
.
6-
13 . 6- .
:
, , (
6).
, .
,
.
:
. =
.. + .. + (6 .. )
8
..
..
..
.. .
:
25
D. =
D ..
1,025
D .
D . - , .
.. - ,
.
.
-
,
1 /. ,
, .
(Flowmeter)
.
,
, .
,
1 /,
7 /.
:
d 2
Q=
3600
4
Q - , 3/
d - ,
- , /
, , ,
:
.
.
2
2,5
3
4
6
8
2,067
2,469
3,068
4,026
6,065
8,071
0,1451
0,2071
0,3198
0,5507
1,250
2,213
0,1743
0,2487
0,3540
0,6613
1,501
2,658
2,165
3,089
4,769
8,213
18,64
33,01
22
31
48
83
189
334
26
10
12
14
16
18
20
24
10,192
12,090
13,250
15,250
17,250
19,250
23,250
3,529
4,966
5,964
7,901
10,109
12,589
18,370
4,238
5,964
7,163
9,489
12,140
15,119
22,062
52,63
74,06
88,96
117,84
150,77
187,76
273,99
533
749
900
1.192
1.525
1.900
2.772
*
. 20. .
,
(Loading Rate):
LR =
3600 U
t
LR -
U -
c (98%).
t - ,
.
, . (.
).
.
,
, - ( ,
, ) .
. , ,
(Remaining on Board R.O.B.)
,
.
27
D1
. 21. .
, ,
(Wedge Formula) :
V=
L B D2
2T
V -
L -
B -
D -
T -
, :
.
, :
D = [ D1 cosec + (Y H tan ) ] tan
D1-
Y -
a -
H - .
:
,
:
28
T
L
.
tan =
. ,
,
.
. ,
, ,
, ,
.
,
, (
) .
,
.
.
, ,
.
,
.
5 .
3- (
).
.
,
/
( , , ,
.).
(Bill of Lading)
, 3 :
,
;
.
.
,
:
30
, .
.
.
-
.
() ,
,
.
,
,
Quality and Quantity Unknown - .
.
,
,
.
3 ,
.
, (
), .
Copy Non Negotiable.
, ,
.
.
. ,
,
. ,
,
(Letter of Indemnity), .
( Cargo Manifest)
, ,
,
, .
.
:
;
;
;
;
;
;
;
31
;
;
.
,
.
,
,
,
.
.
DANGEROUS GOODS MANIFEST
Flag state
Masters name
Marine pollutant
Shipping agent
Subsidiary risk(s)
Packing group
Port of discharge
UN number
Port of loading
Numbers & kind of packages
Booking No.
Voyage No.
IMO No.
Class
Ships name
Ems
__________________
_____________________
. 22. .
(Certificate of Quality)
, , ,
, .
.
.
(Certificate of Quantity)
,
.
.
.
32
, , ,
.
(Certificate of Origin)
.
.
.
, / .
,
.
.
, ,
, . ,
(Certificate of Tank
Fitness Tank Inspection Certificate Before Loading)
, .
M/V "_______________"
TANK INSPECTION CERTIFICATE
BEFORE LOADING:
This is to certify that
cargo tanks Nos.
before loading at the installation of
and found to be empty and substantially clean to receive the
nominated cargo:
This Statement is based on (Note type of tank inspection)
REMARKS:
Port:
Surveyor
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9
Date:
at
hrs.
Ch.mate
. 23. .
(TankInspection Certificate After Discharge Tank Empty Certificate)
.
M/V "_______________"
TANK INSPECTION CERTIFICATE
AFTER DISCHRGE:
This is to certify that
cargo tanks Nos.
After discharging at the installation of
and found to be empty from cargo of
This Statement is based on (Note type of tank inspection)
REMARKS:
Port:
Surveyor
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9
Date:
at
hrs.
Ch.mate
. 24.
0,5 %,
33
-
(Letter of Cargo Discrepancy Cargo Discrepancy Certificate)
.
LETTER OF PROTEST
Vessel:
Port:
Date:
Cargo:
To Messrs.:
Dear Sirs,
Please be advised that I, Captain _______________ Master of M.V. "______________" hereby
lodge protest on behalf of my Owner / Charterers / Operator and must hold you responsible for any
consequences arising from following fact(s):
Vessel short/overloaded (i.e. exceeding the allowance mentioned in the governing Charter Party).
Difference Ship/Bills of Lading figures:
____________MT.
Arms/hoses connected not in compliance with vessel's standard manifold connections resulting in
delays/excessive
loading/discharging time.
Stoppages in loading/discharging operation.
Delays in berthing/unberthing operation.
Non-compliance with vessel's requested loading rate, which is:
Damage to the vessel while alongside your terminal.
Non-compliance with safety regulations.
Free-water found in cargo after loading, and possible increase due to settling during voyage.
Terminal representative refused to sign Ship's Pump Log.
Not sufficient water alongside berth, i.e. less water than advised in Voyage Instructions.
Terminal instructed vessel to reduce discharging rate.
Other (please specify below).
REMARKS:
I hereby reserve the rights of my principals to revert in this matter as found appropriate and take such
actions as may be deemed necessary. Please acknowledge receipt by signing this letter.
Yours faithfully,
Master
Signature:
Date/time:
Received by:
Name:
Signature:
Date/time:
. 25. .
.
,
,
.
(Ullage
Report Sounding Report). ,
,
. ,
. ,
, , ,
,
34
, , ,
, .
,
: .
:
( ) ?
?
, ,
, .
,
.
: (For Receipt Only)
(For Acknowledge Only).
,
( )
. ,
, .
(Time Sheet)
,
( ) , ,
.
,
,
, , ,
.
.
35
Port
Vessel Ullage Report
Date
Cargo
Observed Corrected
CM
CM
Fwd draft
Aft draft
M.Sh draft
Trim
List
Gross
Observed
Volume
CubM
API
Gravity/
Density
60F
Observed
Temperature
Volume
Correction
Factor
GROSS
Cargo
Weight
Standard
Volume
CubM
B/L
Long Tons
DIFFERENCE
Metric Tons
SHIP'S FIGURE
(Shore - Ship)
MT (Air)
MT (Vac)
LT
CubM
Remark
Bbls
%
VEF
Chief officer
. 26. .
Surveior
36
Statement of Facts
Port:
Terminal:
From:
To:
Date
Time
Port code:
Last port:
Next port:
Voyage:
Vessel:
Time Schedule:
From
Date
ROB
Time
HFO
Comments
MDO
37
. 27. .
38