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,lMechanical Engg.- NiT RaiPur

TE,CH-E,D

DOMESTIC REFRIGERATOR TEST RIG

AIM:
and to To conduct performance test on Vapour Compression type Ice plant tutor

find out co-efficient of performance (COP)

SYSTEM

OMP OI\ENTS/SPECIFICATION

1. Refiigeralor: vEDtrOCON, model: vAE,173AN2010, 170 \t

,"-

2. Compressor: -Model: ASB45R,

R-13-41..
,

2.

Ai1 Cooled condenser:

3. Fan motor with blade:

Il35

F{P

./' 4. F.xpansion Device -Capillary

-,'5. Filter Drier -make: INDFOS, Type: DM-50 6. Energy meter -make: BENTEX, Input: 3200impikwh, 5-20
7. Thermostat 8. Pressure/compound gauges: For.HP-LP Measurement.
amps

-/'g.Digital Temperature v'' 10. Thermocouples: ktype (CLlAl)- 5 nos

Indicator: -50 to + 199'9 'C

,*/ 1L Refrigerant:

R-134a

(D om

es

tir

WJrig erot o r

trainer

of Mechanical Engg.- NIT Raipur

TECH-ED

DESCRIPTION:
The apparatus is a laboratory scale working model of a Refrigeration cycle

unit, portable-trolley mounted, housed on a Powder coated MS square tube

frame.

A Domestic /

household refrigerator of VEDIOCON make is fitted on the

frarne containing, compressor with Thermostat, air cooled condenser with fan
motoL, Capillary Expansion and evaporatorl fieezer

The pressure gauges, Energy meter and digital temperature indicator with
selector switch are mounted on the control panel.

THEORY:
Now days, the refrigerator has become an essential parl of a household
rather than a luxury. It is used for preserving food and there by reducing waste. The primary function of a refrigerator or freezer is to provide food storage
space maintained at low temperature for the preservation of food. Its essential

secondary function is the formation of ice cubes for domestic consumption.

They are usually specified by the internal gross volume and the deep fi'eezer's

volume.

A storage temperature of 0' C to Aiic (273 K TO 277 K) is satisfactory for the

preservation of most of the fresh foods. For the shorl term storage of frozen foods (such as in a domestic refrigerator), temperatures much below the

,,

.",---*.,.1

freezingpoint are required. The fi'eezers are generally provided at the top porlion of the refi'igerator space. In some refiigerators, freezers are provided at
bottom. This arrangement seems to be based on the heat transfer considerations but it rnay be noted that the time taken to cool products kept at upper porlion would be more.

Q) o m e s

tic

fufrig erat

trainer

,pt. of Mechanical Engg.-

NIT Raipur

TECH-EI)
I:\ lp(1r'ilt()1' cnilr

I*

t'cr,r.e

i.'lr pi I Ilrr.r
t

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lit'
iril=

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:50{'
(),, iJl

lrrtilcri,ru"

ct;ilr

( 't ltl'il)l r.':s.t

The mechanical vapor compression cycle as well as absorption cycle may be adopted for domestic refi'igerators and freezers, but the mechanical vapor compression system is actually used over absorption system, because

of

its compactness and more efficient use of electrical energy, as shown in figure. The refrigerant used is generallt,*-134A The compressor is mounted at the

bottom of the refrigerator frame. The power of compressor canvary according to size of therefiigerator, (i.e. 75W,92W,125 W, 180 Wetc.). The
condenser is put at the back about 40 to 60 mm away from the cabinet. The condenser may be either chassis type or tube and wire type. In the former, the condenser tube is mounted on a metal sheet which acts as fins. The tube and

wire type condensers are quit simple in which few tubes are held tightly under

wire frame from both sides. These wires act as cylindrical fins increasing the

(D o m e stic

fu{rig erat o r trsiner

4t. of Mechanicai Ettgg.- NIT Raipur

TtrCII.ED

with the evaporator rate of heat transfer. The capillary tube is kept in contact and the evaporator to inlet pipe. A drier is connected between the receiver
eliminate traces of moisture

if any'

in a suitable manner to The evaporator coil is wrapped around the freezer is made from a give efficient heat transfer. Some times, the freezer charnber passage between the sheets pair of sheet joined together in such away that the space is accomplished by fi'ee act as an evaporator coil. The cooling of lower sensing element is convection (due to density gradient). The thermostatic in the freezer up provided to the evaporator coil which can control temperature the type of controlling switch to -15" c in steps or continuously depending upon
employed.

insulation in order to The refrigerator body is provided with good quality mm thick glass looseprevent heat transfer into the system. usually 60 to 100 of these fill fiber or glass rolls or thermo cole is used since the conductivity
insuiating materials are quite low'

Theprincipalpartsareshownonthediagram,andpathofthe
pressure is maintained at refrigerant flow is also shown on the diagram. The valve (high side different levels in fivo parts of the system by the expansion

allow the liquidfloat vaive). The function of the expansion valve is to rate into the low-pressure refrigerant under high pressule to pass at a controlled
through the expanston parl of the system. Some of the liquid evaporates passing pressure (low valve, but greater portion is vaporized in the evaporator ,atlow heat of vaponzation fiom temperature). The liquid refi'igerant absorbs its latent The function of the the air, water or other material, which is being cooled' of the refrigerant above compressor is to iucrease the pressure and temperature

E om e s ti c fufrig erat

r'Ir ain er

pt. of Mechanical Engg.- NIT Raipur

TE,CH.EI)

atmospheric, which

will

be ready to dissipate its latent heat in the condenser' In

heat, which is passing through the condenser, the refrigerant gives up the

work done upon it by absorbed in the evaporator plus the heat equivalent of the which is used as the compressof. This heat is transferred to the air or water,
cooling medium in the condenser'

l l

Li

C,ompressor

-l --

1
L

_ -, EvaPorator
l--

r-

_-----_-l
I |

P"p*t4?evice
l

--

- --,-

BLOCKDIAGRAMoFVAPOURCOMPRESSIONCYCLE,

The standard vapour compression cycle consists of following process:

1. Process,

I-2

replesents reversible adiabatic compression fi'om

2. Proces

saturated vapol to the condensel plessure or superheated Vapor' s 2-3 represents reversible heat rejection at constant pressure,
de preheating and condensation'

3. Process 3-4 represents ireversible constant enthalpy expansion fiom

saturated liquid to the evaporator pressure'

4. Process 4-1 represents reversible heat addition at constant

(Evaporation to saturated vapor)

pressule
'

(D om

es

tit Rcfig

erat o r.{rainer

4t. of Mecl:ranical Engg.- NIT Raipur

The refiigerants such as

TE,CI{.E,I)
as

R-l2, R-22, and R-134a (commercially known

freons) are used as working medium because of their properties, which are required as refrigeration cycles.

Performance of standard vapour compression cycle:

Process 1-2 is the compression process where in Mechanical work is to be supplied to a compressor. This is the quantity to be spent. Process 4 -1 represents the useful refrigeration effect. The index of performance is defined
as coefficient of performance.

1. T1 :Temp.of refiigerant at inlet of compressor'

2. T2:

Temp.of refi'igerant

.,' at outlet of compressor '-'"

at outlet of condenser ".,'/
at outlet of

.,...

3. T3 : Temp.of refrigerant

4. T4: Temp.of refrigerant

5. T5 : Temp.at Evaporator.

expansion

,,

A o me s tic

fufi9

erat

or'Trainer

;pt. of Mechanical Engg.- NIT Raipur'

TE,CH-ED

OPERATII{G PROCEDURE:
1. Put ON mains (DP Switch)

2. Now switch

on the coffIpressor, by using a rotary switch provided achieve this temp., it

3. Allow the fieezer to cool f%gc.Io

approximately
1

wiil

take

t0

1 lz hrs. (Depending on ambient temp. and Power)

4. Fol COP calcuiation,,

A. Put known quantity of water/ brine solution in a bowl I platethen
keep that inside the freezer.

B. Note down the initial temperature of water / brine solution

C. Allow it to cool for some time, simultaneously note down the
respective readings for every
1-0

minutes duration

till it reach 5

**s-9
D. Calculate the COP using given formulae.

5.

T'hen switch off the Compressor using Rotary ON/OF'F switch and

mains
'r

\r
'!i'r"

"il

,.i .t-

\
.,i;

. i I

rtl

i
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\ rl .l.tr "

.i

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.
:;

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\

,'.

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i1

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rl'lJt_"

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m e stic

lfrainer fuf-rig er at or

Jept. of lr4echanical Engg.- NIT Raipur

TE,CH.EI)

CALCULATIONS:

F
COPtr,

Theoretical COP

h1 -h4

h2 From t34a charl,

h1

-hI

: :

Enthalpy inkJ/kg coffesponding to pressure P1 & temperature T1

(Vapour Phase)

h3

Enthaipy in kJ/kg corresponding to pressure P2 &. temperature T3

But, h3

h4

h2:Enthalpy in kJ/kg corresponding to pressure P2& temperature T2

coP.ornot

Tl_
T2-T1

Temperature of refrigerarrt" @

T1 T2

: :

inlet of compressor in degree K

outlet of compressor in degree K

A ome

tir fuf rig erato r'lrain er

,J,. of lt""hanical Engg.- NIT Raipur'

TECI{-ED

COP

(actual)

Compressor inPut

a,
where,
mw

: :

Mass ofwater

....... Lg

Co*
,'-

4.18 KJ/kg dg k

-':\\

Tr:

Final chilled water temP' in dg C

.ia-"

ti
....
.-'

;-

initial water temP in dg C

w:
where,

sx3604txEmc

n: no. of impulse of energY meter t:

time taken Emc

energy meter constant

:3200 imp/kWh

Relative COP
COP
(r.erative)

COP COP

tu.tuun

(theor.itical)

(D ome s

tic frefrig

erat

or'lrain er

Jept. of Mechanical Engg.- NIT Raipur

TECHJED

TABIJLAR COLUMI{
SL
P1

P2

T]

NO

Psi

psi

oc

T2
oc

T3

oc

T4
oc

T5 oc

EM
time

Duration

for
1

irnp

'

D ome stir Ref-rig erator

tiaincr