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Fundamentals of Dzogchen Meditation
 
Fundamentals of Dzogchen Meditation...................................................................................1
 1 Recognizing Different Levels of Mental Activity and Appearance-Making..............1What is Mind?...........................................................................................................1Levels of Mental Activity..........................................................................................1Sensory Cognition.....................................................................................................2Conceptualization......................................................................................................2The Difference between Conceptual Cognition and Thinking..................................4Conceptual Cognition Makes Appearances of True Existence.................................4The Nonconceptuality of Sensory Cognition............................................................4 How Voidness Is Known..........................................................................................5Only Clear Light Mental Activity Can Cognize Voidness beyond Concepts...........6Sem and Rigpa...........................................................................................................7Three Aspects of Rigpa.............................................................................................8The Three Types of Rigpa.........................................................................................8Dumbfoundedness and the Alaya for Habits.............................................................9 2 The Steps of Dzogchen Meditation.............................................................................9Recognizing the Alaya for Habits.............................................................................9Method of Meditating..............................................................................................10The Need for Madhaymaka Analytical Meditation as a Preliminary......................10Being Helped by Our Dzogchen Masters to Recognize Rigpa...............................11Recognizing Eff ulgent Rigpa..................................................................................12Recognizing Essence Rigpa: The Stages of Break-Through and Leap-Ahead.......13Primordial Mindfulness...........................................................................................13Links..............................................................................................................................13
Fundamentals of Dzogchen Meditationi
 
Fundamentals of Dzogchen Meditation
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Alexander Berzin, January 2001
1 Recognizing Different Levels of Mental Activity andAppearance-Making
[As background, see Introduction to Dzogchen {1}. See also: Major Facets of Dzogchen {2}{11}.]
What is Mind?
The four facts of life (four noble truths) may be formulated in terms of mind, which means interms of an individual being's experiencing of them:the experiencing of different types of true sufferings (true problems),1. the experiencing of their true origins (true causes),2. the experiencing of the true stoppings (true cessations) of both,3. the experiencing of the true pathways of mind (true paths) that bring about thesestoppings and which are themselves states of mind that are devoid of the problems andtheir causes.4. Thus, working with mind is foremost.Mind, in Buddhism, refers to the individual and subjective mental activity of merelyexperiencing something - in other words, the individual, subjective mere giving rise to andcognitively engaging (cognizing) a cognitive appearance of something.
Levels of Mental Activity
There are two ways of differentiating the levels at which mental activity occurs:The Sarma (new translation period) traditions (Sakya, Kagyü, and Gelug) differentiatethree levels.1. Nyingma dzogchen differentiates two levels.2. The two systems overlap, since Nyingma divides the subtlest Sarma level into two, taking thesubtlest of that as one level (
rig-pa
, "rigpa," pure awareness), and all the others as the otherlevel (
sems
, "sem," limited awareness). Therefore, let us look first at the Sarma system andthen at the dzogchen refinements. Here, we shall look only at the Sakya and Kagyu divisionsof Sarma, since the Nyingma presentation fits with their manner of assertion and the Gelugpresentation differs from all three.According to Sarma, the three levels of mental activity are:
Fundamentals of Dzogchen Meditation1

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