Fault Analysis and Evaluation Module for Power System Monitoring

E_wineve
1MRB520153-Ben
Page 1 Issued: August 2003 Changed since March 2003 Data subject to change without notice

Introduction

High-voltage transmission and distribution networks are the backbone of modern power generation and distribution systems. Faults on the transmission system can lead to severe economic losses. Rapid information about the type and the location of the fault can assist the task of repair and maintenance, thereby minimizing the economic effects of power interruption. The E_wineve fault analysis and evaluation module belongs to the software suite "Power System Monitoring, abbreviated PSM. After a line fault, it supports quickly the operator in the control centre with the localisation of the fault. This is the most relevant informa-

tion directly after a line trip. Proper actions can immediately be arranged to shorten the outage time and restore electricity and full network availability. In addition, protection engineers are using E_wineve to analyze all generated disturbance records, making good use of the highly flexible evaluation and calculation features. This leads to a better understanding of complex effects in the network, weak spots in the network are detected and settings are accurately adjusted or protection schemas are improved, which in the long-term results in a decreasing number of faults. Therefore higher reliability of the network is achieved. The short report, generated by E_wineve contains precise fault location and information about the fault type. This reduces economic impact of outages since the repair team can reach the faulted section of line faster. This reduces the time to put the line back into service. Seen in the long-term, E_wineve increases the reliability of the power network and minimises the damage resulting from faults in transmission and distribution systems and in power generation systems. This can be achieved using the strong and user-friendly analyzing functions of E_wineve. Calculations can easily be programmed using the point and click icons. Related disturbance

User benefits

The E_wineve fault analysis and evaluation module reduces down time of the transmission or distribution lines and supports the quick restoration of power. E_wineve assists the operator by generating automatically a short fault report in case of a line fault. It can be configured to print these reports dependent on different configurable conditions. Only relevant reports are generated and irrelevant reports are suppressed. This supplies the operator with the right information at the right time during demanding situation after a line trips.

ABB Switzerland Ltd Utility Automation Systems

Fault Analysis and Evaluation Module for Power System Monitoring

E_wineve
1MRB520153-Ben
Page 2

User benefits (contd)

records can be merged and many other functions can be applied to analyze disturbance records. Using this information the protection engineer will uncover secondary effects in the The E_wineve fault analysis and evaluation system can be used to evaluate disturbances recorded in the following devices: Dedicated disturbance recorders - ABB INDACTIC 650 Integrated disturbance recorders - ABB protection devices 3rd party dedicated disturbance recorders 3rd party integrated disturbance recorders - protection devices. E_wineve can handle various standard and proprietary file formats of the disturbance recording, for example:

power system and might optimize the settings of his assets, which results in a more robust power network.

Application

COMTRADE IEEE C 37.111 - 1991 ABB proprietary formats - INDACTIC format - EVE format - REVAL format. The E_wineve system can run on Microsoft Windows 2000 or Windows NT computer for evaluation and analysis of faults in the following areas: Distribution, transmission and sub-transmission levels Power supply of industrial plants and the auxiliary supply of power plants Power generation systems, generator, transformer and transmission protection systems.

Functions

E_wineve has a number of functions and features tailored to the needs and requirements of the user: Visualization/display Merging of two disturbance record files Automatic fault location with automatic printout of the "short fault report" Manual fault location Display and printout of the signal vectors Application-specific mathematical calculation of the waveforms Information regarding pre-fault, fault and post-fault conditions Time calculation based on the values of the digital signals Selective printing of fault reports Data base and statistical analysis of the fault location, fault types.
Visualization/display

- cursor lines that can be positioned to a numeric time value - zooming in/zooming out the interesting part of a display by expanding the amplitude and/or time axis - display of individual signals or grouping of several signals on one time axis, e.g. all voltages on the same horizontal axis Selection of the colors for each of the analog and digital signals from the standard MS office color palette User-customized view settings, for example amplitude size, axis height, signal colors, time axis zoom, can be stored into 10 so-called user profile layouts Opening the disturbance record file in the - ABB Indactic EVE format - COMTRADE file format IEEE C37.1111991 - REVAL format Saving the disturbance record file in - the Indactic EVE format - the COMTRADE file format IEEE C37.111-1991 Printout of the disturbance record file on commercially available color printers or plotters

In the file open menu selection of the disturbance files to be displayed as per specific period of day, month or year On-screen analysis support by means of: - simultaneous display of several disturbance record files

ABB Switzerland Ltd Utility Automation Systems

Fault Analysis and Evaluation Module for Power System Monitoring

E_wineve
1MRB520153-Ben
Page 3

Each individual oscillograph can be copied to another MS Windows program or office application via the clipboard, thus making

the documentation of fault records an easy task (copy and insert bit maps).

Fig. 1

Visualization / display of a fault record

Merging of two disturbance record files

The merge function allows the combination of data for the same fault, which has been recorded by different acquisition units. This results in a new data set with selected measurements from an extended area that can be used for further analysis by additional functions, such as power analysis calculation and fault location. Merging of different recorded fault data for in-depth analysis Automatic synchronization of both data sets, i.e. the time axes of both data sets are made to correspond exactly within <0.1 ms with regard to the event e.g. in a 1 breaker scheme Merging based on time or on the basis of a common signal in both files Free selection of signals to be combined Storage of the new, combined data set for further processing.

Fault location

The purpose of fault location is to determine fast and automatically the distance of the fault from the substation and to print the results in the form of a "short fault report", an easy to read one-page report containing all facts. The fault location algorithm produces accurate results even for high-impedance short circuits between lines or to earth. Line parameters entered by the user are utilized for the fault location calculation. Automatically triggered fault location with an accuracy of better than 2% of the distance to fault Calculation of the loop impedance of the faulted line Correct interpretation of short circuits to earth, two- or three-phase short circuits, symmetrical or asymmetrical lines, including consideration of parallel lines

ABB Switzerland Ltd Utility Automation Systems

Fault Analysis and Evaluation Module for Power System Monitoring

E_wineve
1MRB520153-Ben
Page 4

Functions (contd)

Better accuracy of the results by means of individual matching of input circuits, consideration of mutual coupling impedance and zero impedance, elimination of source impedance and fault resistance influence, and by multiple fault location calculations using different parameters (summer/winter etc.) Printout of fault history in tabular form for use in graphical displays with typical spreadsheet programs such as Excel; display of time, distance to fault and impedance vector of the line loop. The information printed out in the "short report" (see Fig. 2) is the following: Information about the fault record - Name of the acquisition unit recording the disturbance

- Number of the acquisition device - Date and time on the disturbance record - Information of the line name and line length - The complete directory path and name of the disturbance fault record - Duration of the fault record Information regarding the trigger of the recording Information regarding the disturbance and location of the fault - Fault type - Fault duration - Impedance at the fault in polar and cartesian format - Distance to the fault.

Fig. 2

"Short Fault Report"

ABB Switzerland Ltd Utility Automation Systems

Fault Analysis and Evaluation Module for Power System Monitoring

E_wineve
1MRB520153-Ben
Page 5

Power analysis calculation

The power analysis calculation can be used to derive useful data for in-depth fault analysis by means of additional calculations and combining of recorded signals. For example, the analysis of harmonics provides a measure of the quality of a voltage. It also permits the calculation of the effective short-circuit power which has led to a damage of switching elements, using the measured short-circuit currents and voltages. The loop impedance as a function of time (impedance and phase angle) derived from the sequence of the voltage and current is another possible calculation.

Sum, difference, multiplication and division, average of input signals Pre-programmed function for calculation - RMS values - impedance and power vectors - harmonic contents - frequency deviation Formula editor, on-line syntax check, and test execution of the calculation program Linking the stored calculation for automatic execution.

Fig. 3

Power analysis calculation functions

ABB Switzerland Ltd Utility Automation Systems

Fault Analysis and Evaluation Module for Power System Monitoring

E_wineve
1MRB520153-Ben
Page 6

Functions (contd)

The power analysis calculation can be utilized to calculate the polar impedance value and the angle, and thereby to further calculate the cartesian impedance values - the real and imaginary values - R and jX. These values can be exported to an Excel spreadsheet and

plotted as an impedance chart, whereby the trajectory of the fault impedance can be plotted and coordinated with the setting of the protection relay.

Fig. 4

Fault history in tabular form - exported to Excel

Expert fault reporting and time calculation function

The expert function is an extension of the automatic fault location system. The expert function helps in executing additional calculations for working out the short-circuit duration as well as the line voltage and current signal vectors. The results of such a calculation take the form of printed summaries and text files. (See Fig. 5: Expert fault location report). Fast fault summary "short fault report" automatically printed out and stored as a text file

A typical recording contains the short circuit time, type of fault, distance to the fault, duration of the fault, short circuit impedance Pre-fault, fault and post-fault values of the voltages and currents, phase and angle values for the time before and after the fault occurred, as well as after a return to normal conditions Application-specific analysis of digital signals using the formula editor, e.g. analysis of digital signals taking chronological interdependence into consideration Formula editor with BASIC-like syntax Selective printout of the fault report (see Fig. 6).

ABB Switzerland Ltd Utility Automation Systems

Fault Analysis and Evaluation Module for Power System Monitoring

E_wineve
1MRB520153-Ben
Page 7

Fig. 5

Expert fault location report

ABB Switzerland Ltd Utility Automation Systems

Fault Analysis and Evaluation Module for Power System Monitoring

E_wineve
1MRB520153-Ben
Page 8

Functions (contd)

Fig. 6

Selective printing of fault report and time calculation formula editor

Data base and statistical analysis

IndBase is a data base for the management and statistical analysis of fault location results and expert analysis. Each fault that occurs is managed as a data set, in which the most important values are stored. A typical recording contains the station number and name, event number and date, trigger type and criterion, line name, type of fault, distance to fault and fault duration The records in the data base can be sorted out in ascending or descending order based on 4 priority levels of sorting keys. The keys can be selected from any of the following attributes (see Fig. 7): - Disturbance record, fault location report, directory path and file names - Station number, station name and line name

- Event number, event date and time - Trigger type - Fault distance, fault duration, fault type Extended search functions in data base, query on the following (see Fig. 8): - Station - Line - Fault type - Date from - to - Fault distance - Fault duration - Fault trigger types File administration with editing function for adding/deleting records, and storing the configuration data for output of the records of the data base on screen (see Fig. 9) Data export as text file.

ABB Switzerland Ltd Utility Automation Systems

Fault Analysis and Evaluation Module for Power System Monitoring

E_wineve
1MRB520153-Ben
Page 9

Fig. 7

Sort function of the expert data base

Fig. 8

Search function of the records in the data base

ABB Switzerland Ltd Utility Automation Systems

Fault Analysis and Evaluation Module for Power System Monitoring

E_wineve
1MRB520153-Ben
Page 10

Functions (contd)

Fig. 9

Configuration of the on-screen output of the disturbance records

Variants / packages

The E_wineve evaluation system is available in the following variants: 1. RelView 2. Professional 3. Expert
Expert Fault Reporting

Expert

Statistical Analysis

Time Calculation

Professional
Fault Location Power Analysis Calculation

Fault Location

RelView
Visualization/ Display

Power Analysis Calculation

Visualization/ Display

Merge

Visualization/ Display

Merge

Fig. 10

Variants / Packages of E_wineve

RelView

The RelView variant is the basic entry level of the E_wineve. The functionality comprises the display/view of the fault records, analog and digital signals.

Professional

The Professional variant provides advanced functionality in addition to the features available with the RelView variant.

ABB Switzerland Ltd Utility Automation Systems

Fault Analysis and Evaluation Module for Power System Monitoring

E_wineve
1MRB520153-Ben
Page 11

The advanced functionalities are: automatic or manual fault location - "short fault report" merge of two or more fault recorders into a new file batch-mode: disturbance record file oscillography - analog and digital signals - is automatically printed out power analysis calculation. Any desired power analysis calculation can be programmed and the values can be displayed as a function of time, along with the original analog and digital signals. The calculated signals are stored along with the original signals.

Expert

The Expert variant is an advanced extension of the Professional variant, and provides functionality for quick overview and analysis, and statistical information of system-wide faults in the transmission and distribution network. The additional functionality comprises the selective printout of the fault location report, calculation of the operating times of the switchgear and the protection equipment. In addition all the system-wide fault reports can be stored in the data base and evaluated as per user-specific search and sort criteria.

Ordering information

Description Software installation CD License key all

SW variant all RelView Professional Professional Expert Expert

License type Single-user Single-user Multi-user license Single-user license Multi-user license Single-user

Ordering number 1MRB260034R0099 1MRB260034R0001 1MRB260034R0011 1MRB260034R0012 1MRB260034R0021 1MRB260034R0022 On request: SA-LEC-Support@ch.abb.com 1MRB520290-Uen 1MRB520290-Ude

30-day Trial license key User manual

Expert ENGLISH GERMAN

Remarks:

This data sheet considers E_wineve version 1.0 to 1.4 of software suite Power System Monitoring PSM V1.0 to PSM V1.4. The successor of the software described here is PSM 505, V1.5. See Chapter Other relevant documents.

ABB Switzerland Ltd Utility Automation Systems

Fault Analysis and Evaluation Module for Power System Monitoring

E_wineve
1MRB520153-Ben
Page 12

Technical data

Hardware platform and operating system

Minimum requirements: Intel Pentium - 333 MHz CPU 128 MBytes RAM 100 MBytes storage for SW (disturbance files and fault report files not included) CD-ROM drive Keyboard, Mouse Monitor resolution 1024 by 768 pixels with 65535 colors Operating system: Microsoft Windows NT 4.0 WS SP 5 Microsoft Windows 2000 SP3 Microsoft Windows XP E_wineve RelView Professional Expert English, German Indactic EVE formats (Indactic 65/650) RE.216/316*4 EVE format REB500 COMTRADE format COMTRADE (IEEE C37.111-1991) REVAL format Event display: value cursor time cursors time scaling grouping of signals individual color multi-event display Calculations: arithmetic operations (+, -, *, /) trigonometric operations (sine, cosine) harmonics (vector and angle) impedance (vector and angle) power (power vector) distortion true RMS phase angle frequency deviation Fault location: automatic mode(distance protocol) distance to fault as a table (distance and impedance)

Application software

Languages Fault / disturbance record file formats

Functions

Other relevant documents

Indactic 650 - Fault Recording System for Professional Fault Analysis 1MRB520255-Ben SMS 530 - Substation Monitoring System 1MRB520268-Ben IT Inform Power System Monitoring PSM 505 - Stand-alone Fault Analysis and Evaluation Tool 1MRB520376-Ben

ABB Switzerland Ltd

Utility Automation Systems Brown-Boveri-Strasse 6 CH-5400 Baden/Switzerland Tel. +41 58 585 77 44 Fax +41 58 585 55 77 E-mail: substation.automation@ch.abb.com www.abb.com/substationautomation

Printed in Switzerland (0308-0400-0)