PMR PEKA SMSM SET 2

SCIENCE FORM 1 SET 2 STUDENT MANUAL Theme Learning area Learning objective Element assessed Construct : Matter in Nature : 5.0 The Air Around Us : 5.4 Understanding that oxygen is needed for combustion (burning) : Element 1 Science Process Skills Element 3 Scientific Attitudes and Noble Values : E1 C3, C4, C5, C6, C8, C10 and C11 E3 C17

Instruction: You are required to carry out an experiment to investigate the effect of the size of a container on the length of time a candle burns. Write a report on your experiment.

Your report must include the following: 1. Title: Oxygen and Combustion 2. Aim: To investigate the effect of the size of a container on the length of time a candle burns. 3. Problem statement 4. Hypothesis C11 - State the relationship between manipulated and responding variable. 5. Variables: C10 Constant variable Manipulated variable Responding variable 6. Apparatus and Materials 7. Procedure C6 Diagram of experiment Record readings using standard unit (SI) 8. Observation C3, C6

PMR PEKA SMSM SET 2

9. Discussion C4, C5, C6, C8 a) What do you see after a little while? C6, C8 b) In which container does the candle burn for the i) longest time? ii) shortest time? C6, C8 c) Give two reasons for your observation. C4, C8 d) What inference can be made based on your observation? C4 e) What will happen to the flame of a candle that is placed inside a 100 ml container? C4 f) Based on the data collected, draw a bar chart to show the effect of the size of a container on the length of time a candle burns. C6 g) Based on the bar chart drawn, state the relationship between the size of a container and the length of time a candle burns. C8 h) If the experiment is repeated by using a 1500 ml container, predict the length of time a candle burns. C5 10. Conclusion Science Practical Report Checklist: No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Contents Title Aim Problem statement Hypothesis Variables Apparatus and Materials Procedure Observation Discussion Conclusion Yes

PMR PEKA SMSM SET 2

MARKING SCHEME
EXPERIMENT 5.4 The effect of the size of a container on the length of time a candle burns Title: Oxygen and Combustion Aim: To investigate the effect of the size of a container on the length of time a candle burns Problem statement: Does the size of a container affect the length of time a candle burns? Hypothesis: (C11 a, b) A candle placed inside a bigger container will burn longer than a candle placed inside a smaller container. Variables: (C10 a, b) Constant variable Manipulated variable Responding variable : Type of candle : Size of container : Length of time a candle burns

Apparatus and Materials: 1000 ml beaker, 500 ml beaker, x ml beaker, candle, plasticine, stopwatch, matches *Must use at least THREE different size of beaker (C10 c) Diagram: (Refer to textbook page 71) (C6 e)

Procedure: (C6 b) 1. Three similar candles were placed inside a 1000 ml beaker, a 500 ml beaker and an x ml beaker as shown in the diagram. 2. The stopwatch was started immediately to measure the time taken for each of the candles to be extinguished. (C3 d) 3. The results were recorded in a table. Observation: (C6 c, d)

Size of container (C3 a)

Length of time a candle burns (s) (C3 f) 1 2 Average

(C3 b, c, e)

PMR PEKA SMSM SET 2

Discussion:

a) What do you see after a little while? (C6 a, C8 a)

The candles in all the beakers extinguished / go out. b) In which container does the candle burn for the i) longest time? ii) shortest time? (C6 b, C8 a)

c) Give two reasons for your observation. (C4 a, C8 d)

i) There is more air in the bigger container. ii) Oxygen in the air is needed for combustion.

d) What inference can be made based on your observation? (C4 b)

The length of time a candle burns depends on the size of a container.

e) What will happen to the flame of a candle that is placed inside a 100 ml container? (C4
c) The candle will go out very fast.

f) Based on the data collected, draw a bar chart to show the effect of the size of a container
on the length of time a candle burns. (C6 d)

g) Based on the bar chart drawn, state the relationship between the size of a container and
the length of time a candle burns. (C8 b, c) The bigger the size of a container, the longer a candle burns.

h) If the experiment is repeated by using a 1500 ml container, predict the length of time a
candle burns. (C5 a, b, c, d) *Students must show or state how they make the prediction.. Conclusion: A candle placed inside a bigger container will burn longer than a candle placed inside a smaller container.