Julia Scharf January 25, 2013 History 7 Input Chart

GAINING POWER Hatshepsut means Foremost of Noble Women. She was the daughter of Thutmose I and married her brother Thutmose II. When Thutmose II died, Hatshepsut assumed the role as pharaoh until her step-son Thutmose III was old enough to rule.

TEMPLES As a prolific builder, she erected two massive obelisks at the Temple of Karnak. Also, the Temple of Pakhet to honor Sekhmut the lion goddess. This temple was reclaimed by Sety I as his own. Last, Deir el-Bahri was Hatshepsuts mortuary temple that was built near the Valley of the Kings. It was built into the cliff. The columns predate the great Parthenon by 1000 years.

Julia Scharf January 25, 2013 History 7 Input Chart

TRADE She established trade routes with Punt (present day Somalia). Traders returned with gold, exotic dyes, animals, slaves, incense, and ivory. 31 Frankincense Tree from Punt were planted at her mortuary temple.

LEGACY Reigned longer than any other female pharaoh (21 years). Trade with Punt brought major wealth to Egypt. Her reign was a time of peace and prosperity. According to her mummy at KV60, she died of a blood disease in her 50s. Evidence also revealed arthritis, bad teeth, and diabetes.

Use History Alive! Page 77 and the previous page to complete the following. Write complete sentences with specific details from the text. Be thorough in your answers. Input Charts are the primary source for Unit Exams (30% HISTORY category), use as study guides. PROMPT 1.) After reading the caption with the photo explain why expand trade is important for a civilization? 2.) When did Hatshepsut rule? 3.) Describe how she came to power? 4.) List the various strategies Hatshepsut employed to strengthen her power. YOUR ANSWER Trade is important for a civilization because it helps bring in goods, but also spreads the civilizations influence around the area and nearby lands. Hatshepsut ruled from 1473 to 1458 BCE. She came to power when her brother/husband Thutmose II died. Also she used her fathers legacy as a gain for respect. Hatshepsut strengthened her power by marrying her brother, by sending the Egyptian army to trade with other lands so that she wouldnt have an army that might rebel against her nearby. She also wrote a letter that was from her father saying that she was to rise to power, she build temples and obelisks to show that she was mighty and powerful. Hatshepsut arranges a trade exposition to an African kingdom called Punt. At the southern end of the Red Sea. She sent out five ships that were full of goods and gifts to trade for. Over 200 men were involved in the process. Dayr al-Bahri was a temple built into a cliff overlooking the Nile River. There were two rather

5.) Provide details about the trade with Punt.

6.) Describe Dayr al-Bahri (Deir el Bahri) which was left to commemorate her reign.

Julia Scharf January 25, 2013 History 7 Input Chart

7.) Why is Hatshepsut an important pharaoh to study?

8.) Explain how she influenced each aspect of GRASS.

tall obelisks at the entrance to the temple along with 200 sphinx statues. Hatshepsut is such an important pharaoh to study because of how unique she was in terms of strategies to strengthen her power, but also because of how clever and witty and foxy she was. She knew exactly how to gain respect and how to lead Egypt to a flourishing society. Hatshepsut influenced Government because of how brilliant she was on how to rule Egypt and have the civilization prosper. She influenced religion by constructing all the temples that she did. She influenced Arts/ Language by trading with different African kingdoms where the Egyptians were exposed to other art and languages. Stable food supply once again because of trade where they could gather all the foods that the Egyptians didnt have. And social structure because Hatshepsut married within her family because her royal blood was better than an ordinary persons.

Julia Scharf January 25, 2013 History 7 Input Chart