Snubber Circuits for relay contacts

For inductive loads and switching frequencies less than f / 2 Connected in parallel to the load (leakage current when switch is closed) For nominal currents up to 10 A Alternating supply voltages up to 230 V

Input fields
Field Line frequency [Hz] Supply voltage [V RMS] Nominal load current [A RMS] Damping factor Preset: Maximum relay inrush current Value 50 230 3.60 0.23 0.23 40 Describtion Hz Frequency of the supply voltage V RMS value of the supply voltage A Nominal load current of the switched load The damping factor affects the resistance value of the snubber A Maximum allowed inrush current of the relay

Output fields according to the input fields

Field Capacitance Cs [nF] Value Describtion 545 nF Capacitance of the snubber capacitor in nanofarad. 3 A to 10 A: Cs > 500 nF over 10 A: Cs > 1 F 281 Value of the snubber resistor in ohm. Important is the high surge capability of the resistor! 3110.02 V The maxium voltage peak across the relay contact. (Approximation worst case) 7283.47 ## The maximum impulse power which the resistor must alter into heat. 522.94 Duration until the highest power and voltage peak faded. 1430.61 ## Maximum voltage peak across the resistor. 1.16 ## Maximum inrush current caused by the snubber circuit at turn on. This value is affected by the snubber resistor. 376.52 W Impulse power applied to the resistor at turn on 0.03 J Energy that is stored in the capacitor and which must be altered into heat by the snubber resistor 2.64 Energy that is stored in the inductance of the load and which must be altered into head by the snubber resistor 11.89 Voltage rise accross the snubber capacitance 37.57 mA Leakage current over the snubber circuit. This current is flowing when the switch is closed. 0.010 Nominal load current to leakage current ratio

Resistance Rs [] Vpeak [V] Ppeak [W] Peak_t [s] Vpeak_res [V] Inrush current [A] Ppeak_turnon E_C [J] or [Ws] E_L [J] or [Ws] V_rise [V/s] Leakage_snubber [mA RMS] Leakage current/Nominal Current

Legend OK Caution, take care at the choice of devices Exceedingly high values! Take care at the choice of devices.

HIQUEL GmbH, Bairisch Klldorf 266, A-8344 Bad Gleichenberg, AUSTRIA, Tel: +43-(0)3159-3001, Fax: +43-(0)3159-3001-4, hiquel@hiquel.com, http://www.hiquel.com

Page 1 of 7

Author: Thomas Platzer File:135628324.xls.ms_office Date: 3/21/2013 Revision: 0100

Chosen values
Field Chose fitting value out of the E6 - row If capacitors are connected in parallel, please enter the value of the total capacitance (C1 + C2 +) in the grey field. Chosen Capacitance: Chose fitting value out of the E6 - row or if resistors are connected in series (R1 + R2 + ) please enter the total resistance in the grey field. Chosen Resistance: Value Describtion 470 nF The chosen capacitor must be to able to handle high impuls currents and voltages. for example: WIMA Snubber MKP nF 470 nF 0 The resistor must be able to handle high current surges. (High Surge or Snubber Resistor) It is recommended to use carbon composition 300 resistors. For example: Ohmite Serie:A 300 or RCD Surge/Comp Series (CC, PCN, )

Output fields according to chosen values

Field Power rating of the Snubber resistor [W] Vpeak [V] Ppeak [W] Vpeak_res [V] Inrush current [A] Ppeak_turnon [W] Peak_t [s] E_C [J] or [Ws] E_L [J] or [Ws] V_rise [V/s] Leakage_snubber [mA RMS] Leakage current/Nominal Current Damping factor Value Describtion 7.5 W Recommended power rating of the resistor when a carbon composition resistor is chosen. 3348.93 The maxium voltage peak across the relay contact. (Approximation worst case) 7776.00 ## The maximum impulse power which the resistor must alter into heat. 1527.35 ## Maximum voltage peak across the resistor. 1.08 ## Maximum inrush current caused by the snubber circuit at turn on. This value is affected by the snubber resistor. 352.67 W Impulse power applied to the resistor at turn on 485.63 Duration of the power and voltage peak. 0.02 J Energy that is stored in the capacitor and which must be altered into heat by the snubber resistor 2.64 Energy that is stored in the inductance of the load and which must be altered into head by the snubber resistor 13.79 Voltage rise accross the snubber capacitance 32.52 mA Leakage current over the snubber circuit. This current is flowing when the switch is closed. 0.009 Nominal load current to leakage current ratio 0.228 ## The damping factor be as close as possible to the preset value.

Legend OK Caution, take care at the choice of devices Exceedingly high values! Take care at the choice of devices.

Schematic of the connection in parallel to the load

All product descriptions, logos and signets are registered trademarks of the distinct producers and owners. Mentioning or listing of the product names serve only for better understanding of the reader. Copyright 2010 HIQUEL GmbH, Bairisch Klldorf 266, A-8344 Bad Gleichenberg.

HIQUEL GmbH, Bairisch Klldorf 266, A-8344 Bad Gleichenberg, AUSTRIA, Tel: +43-(0)3159-3001, Fax: +43-(0)3159-3001-4, hiquel@hiquel.com, http://www.hiquel.com

Page 2 of 7

Author: Thomas Platzer File:135628324.xls.ms_office Date: 3/21/2013 Revision: 0100

This manual is subject to copyright law. All rights are reserved. Great care has been taken in the creation of the text, illustrations and program examples in this article. Neither HIQUEL, their authors nor their interpreters may be held responsible for any errors herein, nor can they be held responsible or liable for consequences arising from any errors herein. This manual may not be copied in part or whole in any form including electronic media without the written consent of Hiquel. Neither may it be transferred in any other language suitable for machines or data processing facilities. Also rights for reproduction through lecture, radio or television transmission are reserved. This documentation, all plans, figures and illustrations herein and the accompanying software is copyrighted by Hiquel. All information within this article is printed regardless to any protection by law.

HIQUEL GmbH, Bairisch Klldorf 266, A-8344 Bad Gleichenberg, AUSTRIA, Tel: +43-(0)3159-3001, Fax: +43-(0)3159-3001-4, hiquel@hiquel.com, http://www.hiquel.com

Page 3 of 7

Author: Thomas Platzer File:135628324.xls.ms_office Date: 3/21/2013 Revision: 0100

Snubber Circuit for relay contacts

For inductive loads and switching frequencies less than f / 2 Placement in parallel to the switch (leakage current wenn switch is open) For nominal currents up to 10 A Alternating supply voltages up to 230V

Input fields
Field Line frequency [Hz] Supply voltage [V RMS] Nominal load current [A RMS] Damping factor Preset: Maximum relay inrush current Value 50 230 3.60 0.23 0.01 40 Describtion Hz Frequency of the supply voltage V RMS value of the supply voltage A Nominal load current of the switched load The damping factor affects the resistance value of the snubber A Maximum allowed inrush current of the relay

Output fields according to the input fields

Field Capacitance Cs [nF] Value Describtion 545 nF Capacitance of the snubber capacitor in nanofarad. 3 A to 10 A: Cs > 500 nF over 10 A: Cs > 1 F 281 Value of the snubber resistor in ohm. Important is the high surge capability of the resistor! 3110.02 V The maxium voltage peak across the relay contact. (Approximation worst case) 7283.47 ## The maximum impulse power which the resistor must alter into heat. 522.94 Duration until the highest power and voltage peak faded. 1430.61 ## Maximum voltage peak across the resistor. 1.16 ## Maximum inrush current caused by the snubber circuit at turn on. This value is affected by the snubber resistor. 376.52 W Impulse power applied to the resistor at turn on 0.03 J Energy that is stored in the capacitor and which must be altered into heat by the snubber resistor 2.64 Energy that is stored in the inductance of the load and which must be altered into head by the snubber resistor 11.89 Voltage rise accross the snubber capacitance 37.18 mA The leakage current flows over the snubber circuit when the relay contact is open. 0.010 Nominal load current to leakage current ratio

Resistance Rs [] Vpeak [V] Ppeak [W] Peak_t [s] Vpeak_res [V] Inrush current [A] Ppeak_turnon E_C [J] or [Ws] E_L [J] or [Ws] V_rise [V/s] I_leakage [mA RMS] Nominal load current / I_leakage

Legend OK Caution, take care at the choice of devices Exceedingly high values! Take care at the choice of devices.

HIQUEL GmbH, Bairisch Klldorf 266, A-8344 Bad Gleichenberg, AUSTRIA, Tel: +43-(0)3159-3001, Fax: +43-(0)3159-3001-4, hiquel@hiquel.com, http://www.hiquel.com

Page 4 Of 6

Author: Thomas Platzer File: 135628324.xls.ms_office Date: 3/21/2013 Revision: 0100

Chosen values
Field Chose fitting value out of the E6 - row If capacitors are connected in parallel, please enter the value of the total capacitance (C1 + C2 +) in the grey field. Chosen Capacitance: Chose fitting value out of the E6 - row or if resistors are connected in series (R1 + R2 + ) please enter the total resistance in the grey field. Chosen Resistance: Value Describtion 470 nF The chosen capacitor must be to able to handle high impuls currents and voltages. for example: WIMA Snubber MKP nF 470 nF 0 The resistor must be able to handle high current surges. (High Surge or Snubber Resistor) It is recommended to use carbon composition 300 resistors. For example: Ohmite Serie:A 300 or RCD Surge/Comp Series (CC, PCN, )

Output fields according to chosen values

Field Power rating of the Snubber resistor [W] Vpeak [V] Ppeak [W] Vpeak_res [V] Inrush current [A] Ppeak_turnon [W] Peak_t [s] E_C [J] or [Ws] E_L [J] or [Ws] V_rise [V/s] Leakage_snubber [mA RMS] Leakage current/Nominal Current Damping factor Value Describtion 7.5 W Recommended power rating of the resistor when a carbon composition resistor is chosen. 3348.93 V The maxium voltage peak across the relay contact. (Approximation worst case) 7776.00 ## The maximum impulse power which the resistor must alter into heat. 1527.35 ## Maximum voltage peak across the resistor. 1.08 ## Maximum inrush current caused by the snubber circuit at turn on. This value is affected by the snubber resistor. 352.67 W Impulse power applied to the resistor at turn on 485.63 Duration of the power and voltage peak. 0.02 J Energy that is stored in the capacitor and which must be altered into heat by the snubber resistor 2.64 J Energy that is stored in the inductance of the load and which must be altered into head by the snubber resistor 13.79 V/s Voltage rise accross the snubber capacitance 32.52 Leakage current over the snubber circuit. This current is flowing when the switch is open. 0.009 Nominal load current to leakage current ratio 0.228 ## The damping factor be as close as possible to the preset value.

Legend OK Caution, take care at the choice of devices Exceedingly high values! Take care at the choice of devices.

Schematic of the connection in parallel to the relay contact

All product descriptions, logos and signets are registered trademarks of the distinct producers and owners. Mentioning or listing of the product names serve only for better understanding of the reader. Copyright 2010 HIQUEL GmbH, Bairisch Klldorf 266, A-8344 Bad Gleichenberg. This manual is subject to copyright law. All rights are reserved. Great care has been taken in the creation of the text, illustrations and program examples in this article. Neither HIQUEL, their authors nor their interpreters may be held responsible for any errors herein, nor can they be held responsible or liable for consequences arising from any errors herein. This manual may not be copied in part or whole in any form including electronic media without the written consent of Hiquel. Neither may it be transferred in any other language suitable for machines or data processing facilities. Also rights for reproduction through lecture, radio or television transmission are reserved. This documentation, all plans, figures and illustrations herein and the accompanying software is copyrighted by Hiquel. All information within this article is printed regardless to any protection by law.

HIQUEL GmbH, Bairisch Klldorf 266, A-8344 Bad Gleichenberg, AUSTRIA, Tel: +43-(0)3159-3001, Fax: +43-(0)3159-3001-4, hiquel@hiquel.com, http://www.hiquel.com

Page 5 Of 6

Author: Thomas Platzer File: 135628324.xls.ms_office Date: 3/21/2013 Revision: 0100

Snubber Circuit for thyristor/triacs

For inductive loads Placement in parallel to the switching device Alternating supply voltages up to 230 V, currents up to 10A

Input fields
Field Line frequency [Hz] Supply voltage [V RMS] Nominal load current [A RMS] Damping factor Preset: dV / dt [V / s] f_s [Hz] Value Describtion 50 Hz Frequency of the supply voltage 230 V RMS value of the supply voltage 3.60 A Nominal load current of the switched load 0.6 The damping factor affects the resistance value of the snubber. 0.6 A smaller resistor leads to a lengthening of ringing. 5 V/s Maximum voltage rise per mikrosecond over the anode to cathode track 100 Switching frequency

Output fields according to the input fields

Field Capacitance Cs [nF] Resistance Rs *+ Vpeak [V] Inrush current [A] Leakage current [A] dV/dt max [V/s] Value 36.995 2813.4885 406.59 0.116 2.59 4.5 Describtion Capacitance of the snubber capacitor in nanofarad. Resistance of the snubber resistor in ohm. Maximum voltage peak over the thyristor/triac Inrush current at turn on mA Leakage current over the snubber circuit when the thyristor/triac is turned off V/s Maximum voltage rise per mikrosecond nF V A

HIQUEL GmbH, Bairisch Klldorf 266, A-8344 Bad Gleichenberg, AUSTRIA, Tel: +43-(0)3159-3001, Fax: +43-(0)3159-3001-4, hiquel@hiquel.com, http://www.hiquel.com

Page 6 of 6

Author: Thomas Platzer File:135628324.xls.ms_office Date: 3/21/2013 Revision: 0100