SULIT

4541/2 Chemistry Paper 1 Paper 2

October 2008 Marking Scheme

JABATAN PELAJARAN MELAKA

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PEPERIKSAAN AKHIR TAHUN TINGKATAN EMPAT 2008

MARKING SCHEME CHEMISTRY Paper 1 and Paper 2

This marking scheme consists of 10 printed paper

SCHEME PAPER 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

B D A C A B B D C C

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

D B D A D A D D A A

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

C C B D C D B C C A

31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

B D A C D D C A D C

41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

B B B C C D A C D B

(a)

(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)

Iodine // I2 //Naphthalene// C10H8 Copper Copper

1m 1m 1m

At least 3 layers of atoms Atoms of same size (b) (vi) (i) (ii) Cu2+// Cu+ Heat loss to the surroundings Balance by heat liberated as the particles attract one another T2

1 1 1 1

2m 1m 2m 1m 9m

(a) (b) (i) (ii) (c) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi)

A formula that shows the simplest ratio of atoms of each elements in a compound. Because magnesium is a reactive metal // Magnesium reacts readily with oxygen To allow oxygen to enter the crucible 0.72 0.03 0.48 0.03 MgO

1m 1m 1m 1m 1m 1m 1m

1m 1. Formula of reactant 2. Formula of product 3. Balance equation 2Mg + O2 2MgO 1 1 1 3m 11m

(a) (b) (c)

(i) (ii)

D 2.8.6 A,B,C,D,E 1 Across Period 3 from left to right, the elements have 3 occupied electron shell but the proton number increases 1 2. the increasing electrostatic forces of attraction between the nucleus and electrons pull the electrons closer to the nucleus 1 D1. Formula of reactant 2. Formula of product 3. Balance equation A2O + H2O colourless to pink 2 AOH 1 1 1

1m 1m 1m

(d) (e)

(v) (i)

2m 1m

3m 1m 10m

(ii)

(a) (i) (ii) (iii) (vi) (b) (i)

donate electrons receive electrons Electrostatic force The ions are moving freely

1 1 2m 1m 1m 2m

Heat energy absorbed is used to overcome forces of attraction 1 between the particles in compound PQ 1 1. Atoms are labeled 2. Numberof shell are correct 3 Arrangement of electron are correct

1 1 1 3m 9m

(a) (b) (c) (i) (ii) (iii)

Cu2+// Copper (II) ion, SO42-//Sulphate ion, 1 H+// Hydrogen ion, OH-//Hydoxide ion 1 Mark the electron flow from zinc plate to copper plate through outer circuit 1.zinc plate 1 2. zinc is above copper in the electrochemical series//zinc is more electropositively than copper 1 Copper plate become thicker//brown deposited // Zinc plate become thinner // Intensity of blue solution decrease. Formula of reactants Formula of products Cu2+ + 2e Cu 1. Decreased 2. copper(II) ion is discharged at positive terminal 1 1 1 1

2m 1m

2m 1m

2m

(d)

(i)

2m 10m

(a) (b)

1. An alkali that ionises completely when dissolved in water 1. Formula of reactant 1 2. Formula of product 1 3. Balance equation 1 H2SO4 + 2 KOH K2SO4 + 2 H2O (i) (ii) 25.10 , 25.00 , 24.90 25.10 + 25.00 + 24.90 = 25.00 cm3 3 Note* : ecf from (c)(i)

1m

3m 1m 1m

(c)

(iii)

(d)

(i) (ii)

Mb x 25.0 = 2 1.0 x 25.0 1 1 2 Mb = 0.5 mol dm-3 1 Note* : ecf from (c)(ii) 50 cm 3 1 Hydrochloric acid is a monoprotic acid while sulphuric acid is a diprotic acid 1 2. Twice the volume of hydrochloric acid is needed to produce the same concentration of hydrogen ions 1

2m 1m

2m 11m

(a) (b)

Substance that can conduct electricity when in molten or aqueous state, And undergo chemical changes 1. Salt solution is ionic substance 2. has freely moving ion 3. sugar solution is molecule substance 4. has no freely moving ion (i)

1m 1m 2m 1m 1m 1m 1m 4m

(c)

1. Labelled diagram - molten lead (II) bromide - carbon electrode - Bunsen burner / heat 2. Functional set apparatus 3. Molten lead(II) bromide produced lead(II) ions and Bromide ions 4. Lead(II) ions attracted to cathode 5. Bromide ions attracted to anode 6. Bromide ion released electron and become bromine atom /2Br- Br2 + 2e 7. Lead(II) ions gain electron and become lead atom /Pb2+ + 2e Pb 8. Cathode : Lead metal is formed 9. Anode: Bromine gas is released

1m 1m 1m 1m 1m 1m 1m 1m 1m 1m 1m

(d)

1. Position of ions in the electrochemical series 2. Concentration of ions in the electrolytes 3. Types of electrodes used in the electrolysis

1m 1m 1m 3m

(a)

(i)

P 2.8.8.1 Q 2.4 Element P is in 1. Group 1 2. because it has 1 valence electron 3. Period 4 4. because it has 4 shells occupied with electrons 1.Atom P donates one electron to atom R to form P+ 2.to achieve stable electron arrangement 3Atom R receive one electron from atom P to form R- to achieve stable electron arrangement 4 P+ and R- are attracted to one another with strong electrostatic forces of attraction 5.to form ionic compound PR // diagram
+ -

1m 1m 2m

(ii)

1m 1m 1m 1m 4m 1m 1m 1m 1m 1m

(iii)

1. Atom Q and atom R share electrons To achieve a stable electron arrangement 2. Atom Q contributes four electrons whereas each atom R contribute one electron for the sharing. 3. Four atoms Q share a pair of electron each with an atom R 4. Forming covalent compound QR4 // diagram

(c)

(iv) (any two answers) Ionic compound Have high melting point and boiling point Conduct electricity in aqueous solution or molten state Dissolve in water Do not dissolve in organic solvents (any two answers) Covalent compound Have low melting point and boiling point Do not conduct electricity Do not dissolve in water Dissolve in organic solvents

1+1m 1+1m 1+1m 1+1m 4m

(a)

(i) (ii)

1 An acid which ionises partially when dissolved in water 2 to produce a low concentration of hydrogen ions . 1. The electrical conductivity of hydrochloric acid is higher tha n that of ethanoic acid 2 .because the concentration of freely-moving ions is higher in hydrochloric acid than in ethanoic acid 3 since hydrochloric acid is a strong acid / ionises completely in water 4 while ethanoic acid is a weak acid / ionises partially in

1m 1m 2m 1m 1m 1m

(iii) (b)

water 1 monoprotic acid : hydrochloric acid, ethanoic acid 2 diprotic acid : sulphuric acid 1 copper(II) oxide / copper(II) carbonate 2 neutralisation 3, CuO + H2SO4 CuSO4 + H2 / CuCO3 + H2SO4 CuSO4 + H2O 1. Hydrogen chloride dissolves in water to form hydrochloric acid 2 . which ionises in water to produce freely-moving hydrogen ions, H+ 3 . HCl H+ + Cl4 . The presence of H+ ions causes the solution to exhibit acidic properties 5 the hydrogen ions / hydrochloric acid reacts with magnesium to produce magnesium chloride salt and release hydrogen gas // 2 HCl (aq) + Mg (s) MgCl2 (aq) + H2 (g) // 2 H+ + Mg Mg2+ + H2 6 Hydrogen chloride in methylbenzene exists as neutral, covalent molecules 7 The solution does not show acidic properties 8. because of the absence of hydrogen ions

1m 4m 1m 1m 2m 1m 1m 2m 4m

(c)

1m 1m 1m 1m

1m 1m 1m 1m 8m

10

(a) (b) (c)

A compound formed when the hydrogen ion from acid is replaced by a metal ion or an ammonium ion State any three example of soluble salt And any three example of insoluble salt 1. Pour 50 cm3 of 2 mol dm3 nitric acid into beaker. 2. Use a spatula to add copper (II) oxide into the acid 3. Stir the mixture well 4. Adding copper (II) oxide until it no longer dissolves 5. Filter the mixture 6. Heat the filtrate until become saturated solution. 7. Cool the saturated solution 8. Filter again 9. Dry the crystals 10. 2HNO3 + CuO Cu(NO3)2 + H2O

1m 3m 3m 6m 1m 1m 1m 1m 1m 1m 1m 1m 1m 1m 10m

10

(iv)

2AgNO3 + Mg Cl2 2AgCl + Mg (NO3)2 1. 1mol AgNO3 1 mol AgCl 2 . 50 x 1 1000 3. // 0.5 mol 1m 1m 1m 3m

0.5 x 143.5 = 71.75 g

END OF MARK SCHEME