2004 Sample Examination (P-2)

POLITICAL AFFAIRS
ESSAYS: A. Discuss the concept of military intervention for humanitarian purpose in countries where large-scale loss of life, human rights violations, ethnic cleansing, or any other humanitarian disaster is imminent. Assess the interrelationship between the principles of sovereignty and non-intervention and the moral imperative to protect people from harm.

B. In mid-2003 the Road Map for Middle East peace stalled. Present the principal features and institutional support modalities of the Road Map, in particular their relationship to the United Nations, and discuss factors, which were said to have contributed to its failure at the time. Discuss steps that could be considered by the United Nations to move the process forward.

C. Terrorism has emerged as a significant political problem in international politics. Analyze and discuss the role that the United Nations has in the containment and prevention of terrorism.

2004 Sample Examination (P-2)

POLITICAL AFFAIRS
QUESTIONS: 1. Briefly describe the role of the United Nations in curbing small arms trade. Provide two examples. Define the concepts of human security and environmental security. Give two examples for each. Discuss what is meant by post conflict peace building and give two examples of the role of the United Nations therein. Since 1989, the United Nations has received a large number of requests for electoral assistance. Describe what is meant by electoral assistance and briefly explain the rational and constraints for the United Nations involvement. Give two specific instances of it. Since the end of World War II, civil wars have erupted more frequently than have wars between states. Briefly discuss the most potent causes of war within countries and assess the effectiveness of the United Nations in addressing them. Provide two examples. Briefly discuss the international control mechanisms implemented regarding nuclear, chemical and biological arms. Provide two additional measures that could be taken to further restrict each of these types of weapons and briefly discuss them. Identify five ways for improving the efforts of the United Nations in preventing armed conflicts and briefly discuss two of them. In September 2000, world leaders agreed to a set of developmental goals, each of which has a timetable and a measurable target. These objectives are now called the Millennium Developmental Goals. Identify four of these goals and discuss obstacles to their implementation.

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