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Process Industry Practices Piping

PIP PNSM0110 Procurement of Valves

PURPOSE AND USE OF PROCESS INDUSTRY PRACTICES In an effort to minimize the cost of process industry facilities, this Practice has been prepared from the technical requirements in the existing standards of major industrial users, contractors, or standards organizations. By harmonizing these technical requirements into a single set of Practices, administrative, application, and engineering costs to both the purchaser and the manufacturer should be reduced. While this Practice is expected to incorporate the majority of requirements of most users, individual applications may involve requirements that will be appended to and take precedence over this Practice. Determinations concerning fitness for purpose and particular matters or application of the Practice to particular project or engineering situations should not be made solely on information contained in these materials. The use of trade names from time to time should not be viewed as an expression of preference but rather recognized as normal usage in the trade. Other brands having the same specifications are equally correct and may be substituted for those named. All Practices or guidelines are intended to be consistent with applicable laws and regulations including OSHA requirements. To the extent these Practices or guidelines should conflict with OSHA or other applicable laws or regulations, such laws or regulations must be followed. Consult an appropriate professional before applying or acting on any material contained in or suggested by the Practice. This Practice is subject to revision at any time by the responsible Function Team and will be reviewed every 5 years. This Practice will be revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn. Information on whether this Practice has been revised may be found at www.pip.org.

Process Industry Practices (PIP), Construction Industry Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, 3925 West Braker Lane (R4500), Austin, Texas 78759. PIP member companies and subscribers may copy this Practice for their internal use. Changes, overlays, addenda, or modifications of any kind are not permitted within any PIP Practice without the express written authorization of PIP.

PIP will not consider requests for interpretations (inquiries) for this Practice.
PRINTING HISTORY February 1999 June 2001 Issued Technical Correction April 2006 Complete Revision

Not printed with State funds

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Process Industry Practices Piping

PIP PNSM0110 Procurement of Valves

Table of Contents 1. Introduction................................. 2
1.1 Purpose............................................ 2 1.2 Scope ............................................... 2

2. References .................................. 2
Industry Codes and Standards................. 2

3. Definitions ................................... 3 4. Requirements.............................. 4

4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 General ............................................ 4 Materials of Construction ................. 4 Design .............................................. 6 Testing, Inspection, and Repair ....... 9 Surface Preparation and Coating... 10 Engineering Data Requirements .... 10 Identification ................................... 12 Shipping, Handling, and Storage ... 13 Examination by Purchaser ............. 14

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1.

Introduction
1.1 Purpose This Practice provides purchasing requirements for the suppliers of manually operated valves. 1.2 Scope This Practice describes the purchasing requirements for manually operated valves listed in the PIP Line Class Material Specifications and PIP Valve Descriptions.

2.

References
Applicable parts of the following industry codes and standards shall be considered an integral part of this Practice. The edition in effect on the date of contract award shall be used, except as otherwise noted. Short titles are used herein where appropriate. Industry Codes and Standards American Petroleum Institute (API) API 598 Valve Inspection and Testing API 599 Metal Plug Valves Flanged, Threaded and Welding Ends API 600 Bolted Bonnet Steel Gate Valves for Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries API 602 Compact Steel Gate Valves Flanged, Threaded, Welding, and Extended Body Ends API 608 Metal Ball Valves Flanged and Butt-Welding Ends American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section IX Welding and Brazing Qualifications ASME B1.1 Unified Inch Screw Threads (UN and UNR Thread Form) ASME B1.20.1 Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch) ASME B16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings NPS 1/2 through NPS 24 ASME B16.11 Forged Fittings, Socket-Welding and Threaded ASME B16.25 Buttwelding Ends ASME B16.34 Valves Flanged, Threaded, and Welding End ASME B16.47 Large Diameter Steel Flanges (NPS 26 through NPS 60) ASME B31.3 Process Piping ASME B36.10M Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe ASME B36.19M Stainless Steel Pipe

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American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) ASTM A105 Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping Applications ASTM A182 Forged or Rolled Alloy-Steel Pipe Flanges, Forged Fittings, and Valves and Parts for High-Temperature Service ASTM A193 Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for HighTemperature Service ASTM A194 Carbon and Alloy-Steel Nuts for Bolts for High-Temperature Service ASTM A216 Steel Castings, Carbon, Suitable for Fusion Welding, for HighTemperature Service ASTM A217 Steel Castings, Martensitic Stainless and Alloy, for PressureContaining Parts, Suitable for High-Temperature Service ASTM A320 Alloy-Steel Bolting Materials for Low-Temperature Service ASTM A350 Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Forgings, Requiring Notch Toughness Testing for Piping Components ASTM A351 Castings, Austenitic, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex), for Pressure-Containing Parts ASTM A352 Steel Castings, Ferritic and Martensitic, for PressureContaining Parts, Suitable for Low-Temperature Service

Manufacturers Standardization Society (MSS) MSS SP-25 Standard Marking System for Valves, Fittings, Flanges and Unions MSS SP-45 Bypass and Drain Connections MSS SP-55 Quality Standard for Steel Castings for Valves, Flanges and Fittings and Other Piping Components Visual Method for Evaluation of Surface Irregularities

3.

Definitions
manufacturer: Party responsible for making the valves new valve: Unused valves from the original manufacturer through the supplier and received by purchaser without modifications by parties other than the original manufacturer or other third party organizations approved by purchaser

purchaser: Party that awards the contract to the supplier. The purchaser may be the owner
or owners authorized agent.

supplier: Party responsible for furnishing and/or installing the valves

valve purchase descriptions: Within the scope of this Practice, this term refers to the purchase order, the valve descriptions attached to this specification, and the requirements of this specification.

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4.

Requirements
4.1 General 4.1.1 Substitution and Variance The valve purchase specifications detailed in this Practice shall be used in the purchase and specification of new valves. Any substitution to or variance from this Practice requires written approval from the purchaser before implementation. 4.1.2 Codes Codes, standards, and specifications referred to in this Practice, in the valve purchase descriptions, or in any referenced document form a part of the requirements of this specification in the manner and to the extent specified. 4.1.3 Modifications 4.1.3.1 Modifications shall not be performed on a valve to bring it into conformance with the valve purchase description without the written approval of the purchaser: 4.1.3.2 Modification to a valve shall maintain the manufacturers warranty. 4.2 Materials of Construction 4.2.1 General Materials shall be as specified in the valve purchase descriptions. All materials shall be new and unused. 4.2.2 Substitution 4.2.2.1 Substitution of castings in which pressure-retaining parts have been specified as forged is not permitted without written authorization from the purchaser. 4.2.2.2 Substitution of alternate materials for materials specified on the purchase order or in the valve purchase description is not permitted without written authorization from the purchaser. 4.2.3 Trim 4.2.3.1 If trim number 1 in accordance with API 600 or API 602 is specified, trim numbers 5, 5A, 8, or 8A may be substituted. 4.2.3.2 If trim number 8 in accordance with API 600 or API 602 is specified, trim numbers 8A, 5, or 5A may be substituted. 4.2.3.3 If trim number 5 in accordance with API 600 or API 602 is specified, trim number 5A may be substituted. 4.2.3.4 If trim numbers 8, 8A, 11, 12, or 14 in accordance with API 600 or API 602 are specified, the hard facing material shall be applied to the seat.

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4.2.4

Austenitic Stainless Steel Valves Unless otherwise authorized by the purchaser, austenitic stainless steel valves shall be furnished in one of the following conditions: a. Solution annealed, chemically cleaned, passivated b. Solution annealed, electropolished c. Solution annealed, passivated d. Solution annealed Comment: Any weld repairs shall be completed before solution annealing

4.2.5

Bonnet Bolting Materials 4.2.5.1 Unless otherwise specified in the valve purchase description or purchase order, valves shall be furnished with bonnet bolting conforming to the following table:
Valve Body Material Allowable Bonnet Bolting/ Nut Materials
ASTM A193 Grade B7 bolting with A194 Grade 2H nuts ASTM A193 Grade B7M bolting with A194 Grade 4 nuts or ASTM A320 Grade L7 or L7M bolting with A194 Grade 4 nuts ASTM A193 Grade B16 bolting with A194 Grade 4 or 7 nuts ASTM A193 Grade B16 bolting with A194 Grade 4 or 7 nuts ASTM A193 Grade B8, Class 2 or B8M, Class 2 bolting with A194 Grade 8, 8M, or 8F nuts ASTM A320 Grade L7 bolting with A194 Grade 7 nuts (with Supplemental Requirement S4) or ASTM A193 Grade B8, Class 2 or B8M, Class 2 bolting with A194 Grade 8, 8M, or 8F nuts ASTM A193 Grade B8, Class 2 or B8M, Class 2 bolting with A194 Grade 8, 8M, or 8F nuts

Carbon Steel in accordance with ASTM A105 or A216 WCB Carbon Steel in accordance with ASTM A350 LF2 or A352 LCB 1-1/4 Chrome 1/2 Moly in accordance with ASTM A182 F11 or A217 WC16 2-1/4 Chrome 1 Moly in accordance with ASTM A182 F22 or A217 WC9 300 Series Stainless Steel in accordance with ASTM A182, all grades and A351, all grades 3-1/2 Nickel Steel in accordance with ASTM A350 LF3 or A352 LC3

Nickel Alloys (all grades) and Titanium (all grades)

4.2.5.2 Bonnet bolting material for API 602 valves shall follow API 602 requirements. 4.2.6 Rubber and Plastic Components Rubber and plastic components in contact with process fluid shall be manufactured from virgin materials. Reprocessed materials are not acceptable.

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4.2.7

Lubricants Lubricants with a viscosity greater than kerosene shall not be used in the assembly of internal wetted components, including the stems of valves without authorization of the purchaser.

4.3

Design 4.3.1 Codes and Standards Valve design shall conform to the latest revision of the standard noted in the valve purchase description. 4.3.2 Pressure-Temperature Ratings Certain types of valves (e.g., butterfly, ball, diaphragm, etc.) may not conform entirely to ASME B16.34 pressure-temperature ratings. If requested in the purchase order, information on pressure-temperature ratings shall be submitted for approval by the purchaser. 4.3.3 Butt-Welding End Valves End connections of butt-welding end valves shall conform to the following: 4.3.3.1 Weld bevel and end preparation shall conform to ASME B16.25. Carbon and alloy steel valves shall conform to ASME B16.25, Figures 2 and 3. Stainless steel, nickel, and nickel alloy valves shall conform to ASME B16.25, Figures 4, 5, and 6. 4.3.3.2 If necessary to furnish butt-welding end valves with ends internally taper-bored to match the specified schedule (weight or thickness), end-to-end (or center-to-end for angle valves) dimensions (in inches) shall be furnished if tapering results in nonstandard end-to-end (or center-to-end) dimensions. This information shall be submitted as part of the suppliers quotation. 4.3.3.3 The bore of butt-welding end valves specified as Schedules 10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140, or 160 (without the suffix S) and standard, extra strong, or double, extra strong shall conform to ASME B36.10M. 4.3.3.4 The bore of butt-welding end valves specified as Schedules 5S, 10S, 40S, and 80S shall conform to ASME B36.19M. 4.3.4 Flange Finish Unless otherwise specified in the valve purchase description or purchase order, the finish for gasket contact faces of flanged ends shall conform to ASME B16.5/B16.47. Scratches or other damage to these surfaces in excess of those permitted by ASME B16.5/B16.47 shall not be accepted. 4.3.5 Manually Operated Valves All manually operated valves shall be supplied with individual levers, wrenches, handles, or handwheels. All levers, wrenches, handles, and handwheels shall be made of ductile iron or steel and coated or painted.

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4.3.6

Valve Body Tappings 4.3.6.1 Location of valve body tappings, if specified, shall conform to ASME B16.34, Figure 1, or MSS SP-45. 4.3.6.2 Tappings having female taper pipe threads conforming to ASME B1.20.1 shall be fitted with solid forged plugs. These plugs shall conform to ASME B16.11 and be of the same basic metallurgy as the valve body material. 4.3.6.3 Tappings having socket-welding openings shall conform to ASME B16.34, Paragraph 6.3.3, and shall be fitted with plastic plugs. 4.3.6.4 The valve purchase description shall state tapping connection type and orientation.

4.3.7

Gear Operators 4.3.7.1 Unless noted otherwise in the valve purchase descriptions, gear operators shall be designed to function with a maximum 80 pound total rim force on the gearing handwheel at a differential shut-off pressure equal to 100 percent of full pressure rating (100F rating) across the valve. 4.3.7.2 Gear operators shall be weatherproof. 4.3.7.3 Gear operator position shall be rotatable a minimum of 90 degrees. 4.3.7.4 The valve manufacturer or manufacturers authorized distributor shall install gear operators.

4.3.8

Motor Operators 4.3.8.1 Motor operators shall be furnished for valves if specified on motor data sheets. 4.3.8.2 For motor-operated valves, the supplier shall indicate the weight of the valve and the weight of the motor operator. In addition, the supplier shall indicate the necessity for supports (if required) if the valve is installed with the stem horizontal. 4.3.8.3 Motor operators shall be installed on valves and shop tested before delivery to the purchaser.

4.3.9

Ball, Plug, and Butterfly Valves 4.3.9.1 Ball valves with resilient seats shall have electrical continuity in accordance with API 608. Sleeve-lined plug valves shall have electrical continuity in accordance with API 599. 4.3.9.2 Electrical resistance shall not exceed 10 ohms in either case. Ball valves having the ball extending outboard of the valve end(s) are not permitted without authorization of the purchaser.

4.3.10 Pressure Relief of Valve Cavity Valves may be required to have the high-pressure face (if closed) of the ball (plug, wedge, etc.) drilled to relieve fluid trapped in the valve cavity. If this

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is a requirement of the valve purchase description, the high-pressure side of the valve body shall be stamped. 4.3.11 Threaded Tapped Holes Threaded tapped holes in valve bodies, if required for bolting to external flanges, shall be in accordance with ASME B1.1. 4.3.12 Markings for Flow Direction 4.3.12.1 Globe valves shall be marked by a permanent means with a flow arrow or bridge wall marking to indicate the direction of flow, which results from pressure under the valve seat or disc. The preferred method of marking is for arrows to be cast or forged into the valve body. 4.3.12.2 Check valves and other valves with unidirectional flow shall be marked by a permanent means with a flow arrow to indicate the direction of flow. 4.3.12.2 Use of stamping or another method shall not affect the required pressure thickness. Stamping shall be with low stress steel stamps. 4.3.13 Extended Bonnet Valves 4.3.13.1 Stems for extended bonnet valves for cryogenic service shall be made of one piece only. Welded stems and stems of two or more pieces shall not be accepted. 4.3.13.2 Extended bonnet valves for cryogenic service shall have the following minimum extended bonnet lengths measured from the centerline of the valve bore to the bottom of the packing (stuffing box):
Centerline of Valve Bore to Bottom of Valve Packing (inches) Rising Stem Quarter-Turn (e.g., Gate, Globe) (e.g., Butterfly, Ball)
12 14 16 18 22 24 27 35 40 44 47 51 55 63 7.5 8.5 10 13 14 17 18 25 28 31 33 35 37 39

Valve Sizes (NPS)

1/2, 3/4, 1 1-1/2 2 2-1/2, 3 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 24

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4.3.14 Blowout Proof Stems/Shafts The stem or shaft shall be designed so that if failure of the stem-to-disc, failure of the shaft-to-disc, or internal failure of the stem or shaft occurs, no portion of the stem or shaft can be ejected from the valve as a result of internal pressure. 4.4 Testing, Inspection, and Repair 4.4.1 Pressure Testing
4.4.1.1 Testing Requirements

All valves shall be pressure tested in accordance with the standard to which they are designed and the following additional requirements/restrictions: a. b. c. Valves specified to ASME B16.34 design standard shall be tested in accordance with API 598. Pressure testing shall not be conducted through a connection in the bonnet of the valve. Pressure testing of austenitic stainless steel valves shall conform to the following: 1. Water having less than 50 ppm chloride content shall be used for pressure testing. 2. After pressure testing, test water shall be immediately drained and valves shall be dried by blowing with oil-free dry air or dry nitrogen (-20F dew point) at a temperature not to exceed 140F.
4.4.1.2 Valve Stem Seal

The type or style of valve stem packing (or seals) used during pressure testing shall be the same as that specified to be supplied with the valve. 4.4.2 Inspection 4.4.2.1 Each valve shall be given both an in-process and final inspection by the manufacturer. 4.4.2.2 Inspectors shall review all internal and external surfaces of each valve for the following features: a. b. Cast carbon and alloy steel surfaces shall meet MSS SP-55. Forged carbon and alloy steel surfaces shall meet workmanship finish and appearance requirements of ASTM A105, Section 12, and ASTM A182, Section 11, respectively. Stems shall be free of scratches, dents, or other types of damage.

c.

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d. e. 4.4.3 Repairs

Welds shall be visually checked to meet the requirements of ASME B31.3, Table 341.3.2A, for normal service. Threads shall be free of defects or damage.

Casting repairs shall be made in accordance with the ASTM specification to which the casting was procured. Repair of castings by impregnation with metallic or nonmetallic materials is not permitted. Repairs are not permitted on cast iron, ductile iron, or bronze valves. 4.5 Surface Preparation and Coating 4.5.1 4.5.2 Austenitic stainless steel, nickel-based alloy, and nonferrous valves shall not be painted. Unless otherwise specified, all external surfaces of ferritic valves shall be prepared, primed, and/or painted in accordance with the manufacturers standard procedure.

4.6

Engineering Data Requirements 4.6.1 Certified Drawings If requested by the purchaser, certified dimensional drawings showing endto-end dimensions, center line to the top of the valve stem or operator dimensions in both the open and closed positions, and weight of individual valves (including weight of operators) shall be supplied. 4.6.2 Welding Procedures 4.6.2.1 Welding Procedure Specifications (WPS) and Procedure Qualification Records (PQR) shall be in accordance with ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX. 4.6.2.2 Individual WPSs and PQRs shall be available for examination by the purchaser upon request. 4.6.2.3 If specified on the purchase order, a WPS and a PQR shall be submitted to the purchaser for approval before the start of manufacturing. 4.6.3 Material Certification The following sections apply to all valves with body and bonnet material specified to an ASME (SA or SB) specification: 4.6.3.1 Upon request by the purchaser, the supplier shall furnish the manufacturers certificate of compliance with the referenced ASME specification for the body and bonnet. 4.6.3.2 The certification shall also state compliance with applicable ASME specifications for the bonnet bolting.

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4.6.3.3 If required by the purchaser, these documents shall be identified with the purchasers purchase order number and valve tag number and shall be signed by the manufacturers authorized agent. 4.6.3.4 ASTM materials may be substituted for materials specified as ASME if the ASME specification is indicated (below the title) to be identical with the corresponding ASTM specification for the grade, class or type produced. 4.6.3.5 The manufacturer shall state the dual compliance on the certificate of compliance. 4.6.3.6 ASTM specification substitutions shall be submitted for acceptance before processing the purchase order. 4.6.4 Material Test Reports 4.6.4.1 If requested by the purchaser, the manufacturers Material Test Reports for the body and bonnet that show actual results of chemical analyses and mechanical tests in compliance with the referenced ASTM specification shall be furnished. The test reports shall be traceable to each valve production lot. These documents shall be identified with the purchasers purchase order number and shall be signed by the manufacturers authorized agent. 4.6.4.2 If required, impact testing shall meet the requirements of ASME B31.3, Paragraph 323.3. Results shall be recorded on the manufacturers Material Test Reports. 4.6.5 Installation Instructions 4.6.5.1 The manufacturers instructions for installation, welding, and postweld heat treatment for all socket-welding and butt-welding end valves shall be provided. 4.6.5.2 If required, instructions for disassembly and reassembly of valves shall be included. If disassembly is required, a list of the manufacturers recommended replacement parts shall be furnished. 4.6.5.3 If a manufacturer does not require special procedures, a written certification to this effect shall be provided with the valves. 4.6.6 Other Manufacturer Documents 4.6.6.1 For all valves not manufactured in accordance with a national standard, both the maximum allowable hydrostatic shell and closedseat test pressures that valves can be subjected to during field pressure testing shall be furnished. 4.6.6.2 Upon request by the purchaser, the following procedures shall be furnished: a. b. c. Bolted joint connection (i.e., bolting pattern and torque) Cleaning Field installation

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d. e. f. g. h. i. j. k. l. m. n. o. p. q.

Final inspection Heat treatment In-process inspection Marking Nondestructive examination Packing Painting Pressure testing Repair Shipping Supplemental high-pressure testing Tagging Valve assembly Welding

Comment: The procedures shall be written such that a person familiar with the type of work described can complete the task by following instructions in the document. 4.6.6.3 If engineering data other than that listed in this Practice is required, a statement of those requirements shall be included in the request for quotation and/or purchase order. 4.7 Identification 4.7.1 Manufacturers Markings Each valve shall be marked in strict accordance with ASTM material specifications, valve design standards, and MSS SP-25. Valves manufactured with dual-certified materials shall have both material designations shown. Forgings or castings not marked in accordance with their applicable ASTM standards shall not be accepted. 4.7.2 Valve Tagging Guidelines 4.7.2.1 Each valve shall be tagged with the purchasers valve tag number that accurately represents the valve. 4.7.2.2 If tagged, valves shall be tagged with a 28-gauge (minimum), stainless steel tag or a corrosion-resistant tag providing equivalent visibility and durability. Letter and number heights shall be a minimum of 3/16 inch. Tags shall be attached with 16-gauge (minimum) stainless steel wire or equivalent. Tags attached to valve handles shall not be accepted. Tags shall be attached in a manner that does not interfere with the installation or operation of the valves.

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4.7.2.3 If specified on the purchase order, each valve shall be tagged with a separate tag showing the valve packing material/type. 4.7.2.4 All marking shall be clearly legible. 4.7.2.5 Valves not properly tagged shall not be accepted. 4.8 Shipping, Handling, and Storage 4.8.1 Valves shall be shipped in a cardboard box, in a wooden crate, or on a wooden pallet and shall be packed to prevent shifting within the container. Valves shall be shipped with the correct stem packing installed and the gland follower tightened. Gate and globe valves shall be in the closed position for shipment. Plug and ball valves shall be shipped in the open position. Butterfly valves shall be shipped with the disc cracked open (i.e., off the seat). Check valves that have blocking between the seat and piston/disk/ball to prevent in-transit damage to the seat shall be tagged to indicate that blocking is installed. The tag shall indicate that the blocking must be removed before installation. The manufacturer shall be responsible for determining if valves require blocking. Threaded or socket-welded openings shall be closed with metal or plastic protectors to prevent dirt and other foreign matter from entering the interior of the valve. Flange facings and butt-welding ends shall be protected over the entire gasket seating surface or butt-welding end with wood, plastic, or metal covers. The protection covers shall prevent dirt and other foreign matter from entering the interior of the valve and damaging the flange facings or butt-welding bevels. If flange facings or butt-welding bevels are protected with metal covers, a layer of nonmetallic material shall be provided between the valve and the cover. Tape shall not be used as the sole covering method. Valves shall be prepared for shipment in a manner that will avoid damage to or atmospheric corrosion of internal or external surfaces or parts during sheltered storage and transport. If necessary, outdoor storage shall be indicated in the valve purchase description. Padded slings, cables, chains, or bands shall be used to prevent damage to valves during handling and transportation. Unless otherwise specified, machined or threaded surfaces of ferritic valves shall be coated with an easily removable, rust-preventive compound. Valves cleaned for special service shall not have a rust-preventive compound applied.

4.8.2

4.8.3

4.8.4

4.8.5

4.8.6

4.8.7 4.8.8 4.8.9

4.8.10 If specified, austenitic stainless steel valves shall be enclosed by wrapping in a vapor-proof barrier material.

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4.9

Examination by Purchaser Inspection and/or tests shall be reviewed and/or witnessed by the purchaser at the suppliers or the manufacturers facility at a mutually convenient time.

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