BH GIRDER

TOWOONG E&C

BH GIRDER

Universities
U.C. Davis (USA) Prof. Jonh Bolander Yonsei University (Korea) Prof. Yunmook Lim

Research Institute
GS E&C Corporation Infrastructure Research Team Towoong E&C Research Center
Structural Designer
Eurim E&D Sambo Engineering Yooshin Corporation

BH GIRDER

BH Girder Outlines
Half-Slab Bulb-Tee Shape

Girder Continuation

Intermediate Anchoring Device Pre-Stress Optimization

Advanced Bulb-T Shape

Bulb-Tee Shape (PCI) Comparison
BH Girder (47.2m) 60.0 (47.2) 2.300 (1.900) 2.50(2.50)

Bulb-Tee Shape (BH Girder)

PCI Span Height Spacing Upper Flange Width Lower Flange Width 47.2 2.362 2.40

1.19

2.20(2.20)

0.81

1.40(1.30)

Half-Slab

Replace a Form with Half-Slab

Replacement of Slab Thickness 100mm Immediately Concrete Placing after Girder Set Contribute to Girder Stiffness Increasing Improvement of Workability and Safety

Pre-stress Optimization

Straight Tendon Arrangement

Minimize of Friction Loss

Intermediate Tendon Arrangement

Maximization of PS Efficiency Minimize of Long Term Loss

Simple Continuation
For Reduce of Expansion Joint
Other Type Continuation Method BH Girder Continuation Method

Existing Continuation Method

Rebar Only or Extra PSC Continuation Method
Rebar Only : Crack Occurrence Extra PSC : 3Span Over Continuation Impossible

BH Girders Continuation Method

Choice of a Simple Method
Need not Considering Girder when Continuation Beneficial Way for Designing and Construction

Finite Element Analysis

End-Section Anchorage Intermediate Anchorage
Continuation Part

RM Space

RBSN (Rigid Body Spring Network)

Launching Girder
Uijeongbu Light Railway

Launching Application Analysis for BH Girder

GS E&C and Towoong E&Cs Achievement

Site : UiJeoungBu Light Railway Construction Period : 2007.10 ~ 2012.08 Construction Cost : 14,000,000 USD Construct Bridge by Launching Gantry UiJeongBu Light Railway Construction Site

Construction Process

BH Girder and PSC-I Beam(PCI)

PSC-I Beams Cross Section (PCI) Comparison BH Girders Cross Section

PCI-I Span Height Spacing Upper Flange Width Lower Flange Width 41.1 1.829 2.40

BH Girder 41.1 1.500 2.50

1.07

2.20

0.71

1.30

BH Girder and PSC-I Beam (Beton)

PSC-I Beams Cross Section (Beton)

Comparison

BH Girders Cross Section

Beton Span Height Spacing Upper Flange Width Lower Flange Width

BH Girder

47.0
2.300 2.30

47.0
1.900 2.50

0.80

2.20

0.70

1.30

BH Girder and U-Girder

U-Girders Cross Section (Indonesia) Comparison BH Girders Cross Section

U-Girder Span Height Spacing Upper Flange Width Lower Flange Width 31.9 1.850 2.30

BH Girder 31.9 1.400 2.50

1.90

2.20

1.30

1.30

BH Girder and Super-T Beam

Super-T Beams Cross Section Comparison BH Girders Cross Section

Super-T Span Height Spacing Upper Flange Width Lower Flange Width 40.0 1.750 2.25

BH Girder 40.0 1.500 2.50

1.96

2.20

0.70

1.30

Rule Out of Form and Supporting post

Conventional Slab Working Method Safety Working with Half-Slab

Exclude Slab Form Installation Works Exclude Slab Form Disassemble Works Exclude Slab Form Supporting works Prevent Negligent Accidents Improvement of Workability

Threaten the Safety

Improvement of Safety

Maintain Slab Surface Smoothness

Decked Bulb-T Girder Safety Working with Half-Slab

Full Deck Bulb Tee Beams

Difficult to Compensate for Surface Deviations Difficult to Girder Setting in Narrow Interval Remaining Hazards like Overturn Remaining Risks with Beam Structure Damaging

Half Deck Bulb Tee Beams

Available to Compesate for Physical Deviations Available to Girder Interval Safe to Overturn Safe to Beam Structure Damaging

The Lowest Height

BH Girders Height PSC Beam(PCI)s Height

Earthworks Reduction Amount

Decrease Earthworks Amount than Another PSC Beams Possible the Securement Space below Girders

Save the Cost of Construction for Earthwork

Keep the Slender Shape Give the Sense of Openness

Contribution for making a fine view

The Longest Length among PSC Beams

Other PSC Beams with 40m

BH Girder with 60m

Suppose Constructing 240m Bridges (in South Korea)

Decrease the Cost of Making 2 Piers = about 200,000 USD x 2 span = about 400,000 USD Decrease the Cost of Crane = about 15,000 USD x 2Crane x 2 Span = about 60,000 USD Decrease the Period of Salvage Work = about 5,000 USD x 10 unit = about 50,000 USD

Total Saving Costs = about 510,000 USD

Reduce Construction Periods

B=24.0m, L=180.0m

PSC-I Beam 30.0m

Pier Construction Girder Installation Slab Construction

390 Days

60EA/4Days

140 Days

534 Days

PSC-I Beam 45.0m

Pier Construction Girder Installation Slab Construction

234 Days

40EA/3Days

140 Days

377 Days

BH Girder 60.0m
Pier Construction Girder Installation Slab Construction

60%
~44%

156 Days

30EA/3Days

52 Days

211 Days

Construction Costs Reduction

Decrease of Earthworks

Earthworks Reduce (compared with PCI Bulb-T)

PCI Bulb T Beams Height (Length= 47.2m) = 2.362m BH Girders Height (Length = 47.2m) = 1.800m (except Half-Slab) Reduced Percentage of Earthworks = (0.562/2.362)x100

23.8%
Reduce

Decrease of Piers

Pier Works Reduce (assumption L=240m)

PSC Beams General Longest Length : 40m x 6unit (5 Piers) BH Girders Longest Length = 60m x 4unit (3 Piers) Reduced Percentage of Pier works = (2/5)x100

40.0%
Reduce

Decrease of Periods

Periods Reduce (assumption B=24m, L=180m)

PSC Beams Construction Periods = 534 days BH Girders Construction Periods = 211 days Reduced Percentage of Periods = (323/534)x100

60.5%
Reduce

Reduce of CO2 Footprint

B=24.0m, L=180.0m (In South Korea)

48t-CO2 17t-CO2

4240
t-CO2

3072

1,199 Ton
PSC 30m
Remicon

t-CO2

BH 60m
Oil

Design & Construction Applying Results

Design Applying Results
Hwayang Jeokgeum Expressway Seoul Moonsan Expressway Pyeongtaek East Detour Way Sejong Special Self-Governing City Rural Development Administration Relocation The Second Seoul-Incheon Expressway

Asan Tangjeong District Development

Kimhae Technovalley Development Oksan Ochang Expressway Hwasung Dongtan District Development

Construction Applying Results

Seoul Moonsan Expressway Sejong Special Self-Governing City Rural Development Administration Relocation Kimhae Technovalley Development

Se-Jong Special Self Governing City

Salvage Working Process

Preparation

Girder Loading

Transporting

1st Girder Lifting

1st Girder Installation

2nd Girder Lifting

Se-Jong Special Self Governing City

The First BH Girder
Pier Height = 27.0m, Span = 57.0m

Coping Rebar Pre-Assembling

Introduction of Technology Concept
Pre-Assembling on the Ground Weight Lightening of Pre-Assembling Form Applying of Shape Change Available Form

Process
1. Set and Install Pre-Assembling Forms 2. Pre-Assemble Rebars on the Ground

3. Lift the Pre-Assembled Rebar-Net

4. Insert the Rebar-Net on Coping Form in Advance

Expectation
Reduction of Construction Period : 35% Reduce Reduction of Construction Cost : 24% Reduce Minimize of Influence about Traffic Flow Improvement of Workability and Safety

PSC Trough(Lower Route) Bridge

Introduction of Technology Concept
Available for 45m High-Speed Railway Producing by Pre-Stressed Beam Method Possession of Trough(Lower Route) Bridge Less than 4m of Girder Height (Max. Height) Available for Double Track Railway

Single Track Railway Expectation

Reduction of Construction Period : 20% Reduce Reduction of Construction Cost : 30% Reduce Prevent of Noise Secure Spaces under the Bridge Train Fall Prevent Effect

Double Track Railway

GS E&C Corporation Senior Research Engineer Kim, Do-Hak dohkim@gsconst.co.kr

Towoong E&C General Manager Yoon, Seok-Min fliery@gmail.com