TOPIC 1: FUNCTIONS *paper 1 & 2

A p q r B

Set B

w x y

z Arrow diagrams OBJECT IMAGE

z y x O p

y is an image of q domain = {p, q, r} codomain = {w, x, y, z} range = {x, y, z} object of y = q image of r = z ordered pairs(pasangan bertertib) = {(p, x), (q, y), (r, z)} Type of relation = one to one relation

r graphs

Set A

Type of relation
A p q r x y z One to one relation (function) A p q r z many to one relation (function) many to many relation x B A p q r x y z One to many relation B q B A p x y z B

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1.

x 2
4 16 36 64

2.

x X 4 9

x
3 2 -2 -3

2 4 6

Domain = Codomain = Range = Object of 4 = Image of 6 = State the type of relation = Ordered pairs = Graphs:

Domain = Codomain = Range = Object of 2 = Image of 9 = State the type of relation = Ordered pairs = Graphs:

3.

X2

4.

Type of number

3 2 -3

4 9

4 9 -3

Prime Even

Domain = Codomain = Range = Object of 9 = Image of 2 = State the type of relation = Ordered pairs = Graphs:

Domain = Codomain = Range = Object of Even = Image of 4 = State the type of relation = Ordered pairs = Graphs:

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5.

P = { 1, 2} Q = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10}

6.

P = {1, 2, 3} Q = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10}

Based on the information above, a relation from P into Q is defined by the set of ordered pairs { (1, 4), (1, 6), (2, 6), (2, 8) }. State (a) the images of 1, (b) the object of 4, (c) the domain, (d) the codomain, (e) the range, (f) the type of relation

Based on the above information, the relation between P and Q is defined by the set of ordered pairs {(1, 2), (1, 4), (2, 6), (2, 8)}. State (a) the images of 1, (b) the object of 2, (c) the domain, (d) the codomain, (e) the range, (f) the type of relation

7.

A = {4, 2, 2, 3} B = {4, 9, 16}

Based on the information above, a relation from A into B is defined by the set of ordered pairs {(4, 16), (2, 4), (2, 4), (3, 9)}. State (a) the image of 3, (b) the objects of 4, (c) the domain, (d) the codomain, (e) the range, (f) the type of relation

8. Given function f is defined by the set of ordered pairs {(3,1), (5,1), (5,4), (6,3)}. State (a) the image of 3, (b) the objects of 1, (c) the domain, (d) the codomain, (e) the range, (f) the type of relation

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9. Diagram 1 shows a relation between set A and set B. Set B

10. Diagram 1 shows a relation between set X and set Y.

Set Y 4 3

5 4 3 2 1 O
State (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f)

2 1 0 -1 -2 5 Set A
State (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f)

Set X

9 Diagram 1

16

2 3 4 Diagram 1

the image of 5, the objects of 3, the domain, the codomain, the range, the type of relation

the image of 4 the object of 4 the domain, the codomain, the range, the type of relation

11. Diagram 1 shows the relation between set A and B. Set B State (a) the image of -1, (b) the objects of 1, (c) the domain, (d) the codomain, (e) the range, (f) the type of relation

9 4 1 1

1 2

Set A DIAGRAM 1

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A 1 2 3

f: x x2

EXAMPLE 1 : Given that f : x 2 x 5 , find f(2). Answer : f(2) = 2(2) + 5 =4+5 = 9

1 4 9 f(x)=x
2

Find the image = gantikan x Find the object = samakan f(x) f: x x2 (Function f maps x to x2) f(x)=x2 (x2 is the image of x under the function of f) 12. Given that f : x 5 x , find f(2).
2

EXAMPLE 2 : Given that f : x 3x , find the value of x such that f(x) = 3. Answer : f(x) = 3x = 3 3x = 3 x= x=1

3 3

13. Given that f : x 3x 2 , find f(1).

[ans: 1] [ans: 20] 2 14. Given that f : x 2 x , find the value of x 15. Given that f : x 5 x , find the value such that f(x) = 1. of x such that f(x) = 125.

[ans: ] 16. Given f : x 4 x 3 , find (a) (b) f(-3), the value of x such that f(x) = 5. 17. Given h : x 5x 2 , find (a) the image of 2, (b) the object of 6.

[ans: 5]

[ans: (a)15 (b)- ]

[ans: (a)-12 (b) 8 ]

5

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18. Given f ( x) 2 x 2 , find (a) f (1) (b) f (3)

19. Given f : x 2 x 5 , find the value of k such that f(k) = k.

[ans: (a)1 (b)-7 ] EXAMPLE 3 : Absolute Function(Fungsi Mutlak) f(x) Given h : x 3x 2 , find f ( x) x f(x) = x @ f(x) = -x
f(x) = x

[ans: 5 ]

(a) the image of 2, (b) the object of 6. Answer : (b) h(x) = 3x 2 = 6 (a) h(x) = 3x 2 = 3(2) 2 3x + 2 = 6 @ 3x + 2 = -6 3x = 6 2 3x = -6 2 = 62 3x = 4 3x = -8 8 x= 4 x= = 4 3 3 =4 21. Given

h : x 5x 2 20. Given , find (a) the image of 2, (b) the object of 6.

f ( x) 2 x 2

(a) f (1) (b) f (3)

, find

[ans: (a)12 (b) 4 , 8 ] 22. Given the function f ( x) | 4 x 3| 6 . Find the possible values of x.
5 5

[ans: (a)1 (b)7 ] 23. Given h(x) = 3 if h(x) = x.

x , find the value of x 2

[ans: 9 , 3 ]
4 4

[ans: 2, -6 ]

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Composite Functions(Fungsi Gubahan)

EXAMPLE 4 : Given that

gf f x f(x) g g[f(x)]

f : x 3x 4

g : x 2 x , find fg(x).

and

Answer : f(x) = 3x - 4 , g(x) = 2x fg(x) = f [ g(x) ] = f ( 2x) = 3 (2x) - 4 = 6x 4 24. Given that f : x 2 x 3 and

EXAMPLE 5 :
2 Given that f : x 3 2 x and g : x x , find

the composite function gf. Answer: f(x) = 3 2x , g(x) = x2. gf(x) = g[f(x)] = g (3 2x) = (3- 2x)2

g : x 4 x , find fg(x) .

25. Given that f : x 2 x 5 and g : x 5x , find the composite function gf .

26. Given that f : x 3x 4 and

[ans: 8x 3 ]

g : x 5 2 x , find

(a) fg(x)

(b) gf(x)

27. Given the functions f : x x 4 and

[ans: 10 x 25 ] EXAMPLE 6 :

[ans: 19 6 x ; 6 x 3 ] Given that f : x 3x 4 and

g : x 2 x 1 , find

(a) fg(x)

(b) gf(x)

g : x 2 x , find fg(3).

Answer : g(x) = 2x , f(x) = 3x - 4 fg(x) = f [ g(x) ] = f (2x) = 3 (2x) - 4 = 6x 4 fg(3) = 6(3) 4 = 18 4 = 14

[ans: 2 x 3 ; 2 x 7 ]

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EXAMPLE 7 : Given that f : x 3 2 x and g : x x , find gf(4).

2

28. Given that f : x 2 x 1 and

g : x 3x , find f g(1) .

Answer :

f(x) = 3 2x , g(x) = x2 gf(x) = g [ f(x) ] = g (3 2x) = (3 2x)2 gf(4) = (3 2(4))2 = (3 8)2 = (-5)2 = 25 30. Given the functions f : x 3x 7 and g : x 4 2 x , find (a) f g(0) (b) gf(0) [ans: 7]

29. Given the functions f : x x 3 and g : x 4 x 1 , find (a) f g(1) (b) gf(1)

[ans: 6; 15] f 2(x) = ff (x) = f [ f (x)] EXAMPLE 8 : Given that f : x 3x 2 , find f 2(x). Answer : f(x) = 3x + 2 f2(x) = f [f(x)] = f (3x + 2) = 3(3x + 2) + 2 = 9x + 6 + 2 = 9x + 8

31. Given that f : x 3x , find function f .

2

[ans: 5; 18] the

[ans: 9 x ] 33. Given that g : x 4 x 3 , find the function g 2.

32. Given that g : x 1 3 x , find gg(x)

[ans: 9 x 2 ]

[ans: 16 x 9 ]

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34. Given that f : x 2 x 3 , find f 2(2) .

35. Given that g : x x 5 , evaluate gg(3) .

[ans: 17] EXAMPLE 9 : Given the function f : x x 2 and gf : x 6 x 2 , find the function g . Answer : f(x) = x + 2 , g[f(x)] = 6x + 2 f(x) = x + 2 = y g[x + 2] = 6x + 2 x = y 2 g[y] = 6(y 2) + 2 g[y] = 6y 12 + 2 g[y] = 6y 10 g[x] = 6x 10

[ans: -7] EXAMPLE 10 : Given the function g : x 3x - 1 and the composite function gf : x 5x + 6 , find f(x). Answer : g[f(x)] = 5x + 6 @ g[x] = 3x 1 3f(x) - 1 = 5x + 6 gf(x) = 3f(x) 1 3f(x) = 5x + 6 + 1 5x + 6 = 3f(x) 1 3f(x) = 5x + 7 5x + 6 + 1 = 3f(x) 5x 7 f(x) = 5x + 7 = 3f(x) 3 3f(x) = 5x + 7 5x 7 f(x) = 3 37. Given the function f : x x 3 and gf : x x 6 x 2 , find (a) the function g (b) fg(-2) (c) the value of x given that fg(x) = 3x.
2

36. The function g is defined by g : x x 3 and fg : x x 6 x 7. Find the function f .

2

[ans: x 2 2 ]

[ans: x 2 7 ; 0; 1,4 ]

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38. Given the function h : x 7 x 3 and hk : x 10 4 x . Find the function k.

39. Given the function h : x 3x + 1 and the composite function hg : x 6x 2 , find (a) g(x) (b) the value of x if
gh( x) 1 3

[ans: Inverse Functions(Fungsi Songsangan)

7 4x ] 7

[ans: 2 x 1 ; 1 ] 9 EXAMPLE 11 : Given that f(x) = 2x 3 , find f 1(x). Answer : f(x) = 2x 3 = y 2x = y + 3

f(x) = y
y3 2

y
f
1

x = (y)=x
y3 (y)= 2

f -1
1

f -1(y) = x

If f (x) = y, then x = f (y) if f 1(x) = y, then x = f(y) 40. Given that f(x) = 4x 6 , find f 1(x).

x3 2 f 1 (x) =
41. Given that f(x) = 2x + 3 , find f 1(x).

[ans:

x6] 4

[ans:

x3] 2

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10

h: x
42. Given the function
1 Find the function of h ( x) .

2x 3 , x 1 x 1 .

43. Given the function

g ( x) 6 x 2 5, x 0 . Find the value of g 1 (17) .

[ans: 44. Given that f ( x) 9 x 4 and

x3] 2 x

[ans: 45. Given the functions

2]

g ( x) 3x 8 , find 1 (a) f

f : x 4 5x and g : x x 2 2 , find 1 (a) f

1 (b) the value of f g (4) .

(b) the value of f 1 g (0) .

[ans: [ans:
x4; 4 ] 9 9

4 x ; 2 ] 5

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