BIO-ORGANICS :

TO PROTECT ENVIRONMENT

Dr. Amin Uddin Mridha

Professor
Department of Botany,University of Chittagong ,
Bangladesh
e-mail:mridha@abnetbd.com

The views expressed in this paper are the views of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies
of the Asian Development Bank (ADB), or its Board of Directors or the governments they represent. ADB makes no
representation concerning and does not guarantee the source, originality, accuracy, completeness or reliability of
any statement, information, data, finding, interpretation, advice, opinion, or view presented.
•Improper management of solid waste causing
environmental pollution

•Country is loosing a valuable raw material for the

production of organic fertilizer.

•Organic Fertilizers may be introduced in Agriculture,

Horticultural and Forestry.

•Chemical fertilizers are highly expensive

•Can cause severe environmental contamination

Bio-Organic fertilizer composed of Organic
fertilizer developed from Municipal Solid
Organic Waste and biofertilizer developed
with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and
Rhizobium is an useful fertilizer alternative
to chemical fertilizer may be used for improve
agriculture, Horticulture and Forestry systems in
Bangladesh.
Organic fertilizer will improve the soil physical,
chemical and biological properties and
biofertilizer will provide nitrogen and
phosphorus.
Chittagong City Corporation has all necessary infrastructure
facilities

Densely populated residential and commercial development

posed potential threat of environmental pollution

Generated solid wastes are not processing by following any

scientific methods.
 Primary objectives

To reduce the time taken for composting by microbial

inoculants

To find out the suitable composition of the compost

for balanced nutrient content of the compost.
 Next steps

To enrich the compost with bio-fertilizers

developed

To have better supply of nitrogen and

phosphorus

As the inadequate availability of Nitrogen and

phosphorus in our soils.
Development of Biofertilizers

Biofertilizer of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

Ectomycorrhizal fungi as well as Rhizobium

So that the biofertilizers may be incorporated during

packing and or distribution of Organic fertilizer.
 Phase 1

Production of Organic fertilizer from

the Municipal Organic Waste and other
organic products
 Phase 11
Development of Bio-fertilizers for Phosphorus
and Nitrogen Nutrition:

Production of Biofertilizer of Mycorrhizal Fungi and

Rhizobium

Production of other types of Biofertilizers

Tested after successful production of the above two

Management of Organic Waste

Composting

Composting is a process of biological decomposition of

organic waste that is carried out by a group of active
micro-organisms which break down the cellulolytic
material and hasten the process of composting under
aerobic condition at an elevated temperature.
 Factors influencing

Number and species of micro-organisms

Oxygen levels

Particle size

Nutrient levels

Temperature

pH etc.
Advantages of composting

•Reduction of volume and weight

•Soil conditioner
•Means of land reclamation
•Quality of soil making it more productive
•Compost increases soil aeration
•It makes heavier soils easier to till
•Reduces soil erosion
•Buffer effect as a protection against very large application
of chemical fertilizer.
 Disadvantage of composting

Mechanical plant construction cost is high

Maintenance and operational cost are also high

Difficulty in marketing the product

Sufficient space is required for storage of compost and

installation of compost plant
 Economic Aspect of Composting

Incineration and bio-gas productions from waste are not

economically viable

Large scale centralized and mechanized composting plants have

high operational, transportation and maintenance costs.

A labor-intensive solid waste management is preferable to

mechanized waste management solutions.

Improve the environmental condition by reducing the pollution

Provide organic fertilizer

Minimize the production cost of inorganic chemical fertilizers

Reduce the land area required for dumping

 Phase 11
**Production of Biofertilizer of Mycorrhizal Fungi and
Rhizobium
**Production of other types of Biofertilizers

Benefit of Mycorrhiza and Rhizobium

Mycorrhiza promotes the growth of host plants by improving the

absorption of nutrients, water from soil and by protecting roots
from pathogenic fungi and other stresses and rhizobium fixed
atmospheric nitrogen for growth of plants.
 Development of Biofertilizers

Developed methodology for inoculum production of

Mycorrhizal fungi with our indigenous plants under
field conditions.

Inoculum production of Ectomycorrhizal fungi and

rhizobium has also been developed in our laboratory.

The details production systems are presented in some

of our publications.
Materials needed for the production of Bio-organic
Continuous supply of waste

Suitable place with shade to do the whole operation of

composting

Production of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal inoculum near to the

compost plant.

Train or develop manpower

Chemicals analysis of quality of compost and finally Bio-

organic

Laboratory equipment, space and sitting space, office etc.

 Testing Bioorganic

The efficacy of Bio-organic needs to be tested

in different agro-ecological zones and different
types of crops and forest plants as well as in
the nursery systems.
 SCHEDULE OF WORK PLAN FOR ONE YEAR

Initially we will use about ten tons of waste. After successful

production of compost we will increase our consumption from
10 to 100 and more.
One cycle of production of Compost from Municipal Solid Organic
Waste by following the methodology mentioned above will need
approximately three months. In the whole year we will produce
several cycle of compost and simultaneously we will try to find
suitable conditions and methods for rapid decomposition of organic
waste into compost.
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal biofertilizer under field conditions
will be developed with in three months.

Production of Ectomycorhizal and rhizobium biofertilizer

under laboratory conditions will need about one month.

Testing of the prepared compost for nutritional value will need

about two months.

Application of Biofertilizer to test their efficacy will need about

six months.

Altogether we need one year to find out a preliminary

information about our products.
 BIO-ORGANICS :

TO PROTECT ENVIRONMENT

Dr. Amin Uddin Mridha

Professor
Department of Botany,University of Chittagong ,
Bangladesh
e-mail:mridha@abnetbd.com