ROMAN

SCULPTURES architectures

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Since the Roman Period is based of the Greek and Hellenistic Era, there are some characteristics that are similar. The Greek mainly focused on their gods and goddesses, and the religious conditions slightly passed on to the Romans since structures like the Pantheon was constructed for the Roman gods.
RELIGIOUS PSYCHO CONDITIONS

architectures
-played an important role in unifying the empire. -factors such as wealth and high population densities in cities forced the ancient Romans to discover new architectural solutions of their own

ROMAN TEMPLE
-were located in important positions such as at one side of the forum or along a major road

-the Ancient Romans intended that public buildings should be made to impress, as well as perform a public function.

architectures

colosseum
- to protect spectators from the hot Mediterranean sun, the seating area of the Colosseum, as well as part of the arena, were screened by an awning

architectures

CIRCO MAXIMO
-was sitted on the level ground of the Valley

of Murcia, situated in agricultural land, so it was prone to flooding

architectures

TOWER OF HERCULES

HADRIANs VILLA
-the domes of the steam baths have circular holes on the apex to allow steam to escape -has a network of underground tunnels that used to transport servants and goods from one area to another

The Romans were able to combine different styles of architecture due to its vast empire, and they were also able to harness the power of concrete. Like the Temple of Fortuna Virilis, it was able to distinguish itself from the Greek architecture because it has Ionic columns, which were Greek in nature, and has some Etruscan elements like the high podium, deep porch and wide cella.

UNIQUENESS

-portrait of gods, heroes, emperors, generals, and politicians -images to adorn the capitals of columns and the elements of gladiators

SCULPTURES

-reflected the fashion and lifestyles that were prevalent

-were made spectacular-looking but hard to work stone such as Porphyry from Gebel, Dokhan in northeast Egypt, Basanite Granite from Gebel Fatireh in Eastern Egypt -the intent of Roman sculpture was to immortalize the people who were sculpted and artists attempted to capture a likeness of the individual.

BRONZE PORPHYRY BAS RELIEF

MARBLE SCULPTURE INTAGLIO

BRONZE

1. Artist start with full-sized model of sculpture with a non-drying oil based clay such as Plasticine. 2. Once a production mold is obtained, a wax (hollow for larger sculptures) is then cast from the mold. 3. One or more wax sprues are added to conduct the molten metal into the sculptures. 4. The complete wax structure is then invested in another kind of mold or shell, which is heated in a kiln until the wax runs out and all free moisture is removed. 5. The investment is then soon filled with molten bronze.

Capitoline Brutus

-translates as purple -refers to a number of igneous rocks with embedded crystals that give rocks of different types a shiny and glittering appearance -anything purple was associated with royalty

PORPHYRY

-much of the Roman and Byzantine Empire purple porphyry came from a single Egyptian quarry.

BAS RELIEF

-a method of sculpturing which entails carving or etching away the surface of flat piece of stone or metal -a form of art that has been used for centuries

The Trevi Fountain

MARBLE

Pieta

tools: mallet and chisel begins with the selection of a marble for carving direct way, by carving without a model, creating a form or figure from scratch, with only the idea in his mind as a guideline or clearly defined model form a model in clay ,wax or fiberglass, and then copy this in marble by measuring with calipers or a pointing machine

The Statue of David

Three unique characteristics to take a look at:

the Arch, the Vault and the Concrete.

The Arch -consists of two supports called piers and topped by a platform called the impost. Voussoirs- curved back ,topped on top of the impost.

DESCRIPTION

Keystone- middle brick of the block and completes the arch. Vaults- a series of arches used to create high-ceiling rooms and long passageways. Opus caementicium a concrete made with a special Roman cement called called caementa -this is what gave its strength

Two influences 1. the worship and reverence of images, not only of gods and goddesses, but also of dead ancestors 2. the recording of ritualistic and triumphant events in bas-relief on pillars, arches, and tombs. Whereas the faces of Greek portrait sculptures tend to display neither expression nor emotion, Roman sculptures, particularly those carved in the time of the Flavian emperors and after, have character and animation. Reality before flattery.

-known to be the official residence of the Pope in the Vatican City -one of the architects of this Michelangelo Michelangelo Buonarroti isnt known much for architecture is more known for his paintings like in the fresco of the Sistine Chapel as well as the sculpture, David. -widely regarded as the most famous artist of the Italian Renaissance. Among his works are the David and Pieta statues and the Sistine Chapel frescoes.

Cartoons and some movies, like the Gladiator, would refer to this building and to portray the gladiatorial games during the Roman Empire. They were able to portray it this way, because the Colosseum was really popular in holding gladiatorial games and back then these games would be the equivalent of movies these days, because sometimes the spectators would see gladiators as what we would see in actors today.

MEDIA RELATION

Sistine Chapel
-the best-known chapel in the area where the Pope resides in Vatican City. -it is very interesting as its design and other decorations were graced by renowned Renaissance artists such as Michaelangelo and Pietro Perugino -known around the world as it featured The Last Judgment, widely believed to be Michelangelo's crowning achievement in painting

The Philippines being largely Roman Catholics is home to many churches of religious and historical importance. From chapels to cathedrals, each structure exhibits certain designs such as Roman ,Greek, with arcs, or Filipino-inspired