Shear Behavior Lecture #15 Beam Design for Shear & Deflection

CE A432 Steel Design T. Bart Quimby, P.E., Ph.D. Fall 2009

Shear stress: = VQ / Ib

Effect of Plate Slenderness

Shear Buckling

http://www.lusas.com/case/bridge/critical_buckling_analysis.html

Shear Stiffeners

Effect of Plate Slenderness

The three zones

SCM Chapter G

G2: Strength in Shear Strong Axis Bending

G1: General Provisions

Nominal Shear Strength:

Cv is the parameter that accounts for slenderness Aw is the area of the web

Cv: Plastic Strength Region

Cv for the Three Regions

Finding kv

The Buckling Curve

Try this

Solution

Compute the shear strength for a W16x26 without shear stiffeners, A992 steel, bent about its major j axis (strong ( g axis shear). )

From SCM Equation G2 G2-1, Compute Vn

Vn = 0.6 (50 ksi)[(15.7)(0.25)] ksi)[(15.7)(0.25)] Cv Vn = 117.75 Cv h/t h/ tw = 56.8 > 2.24*sqrt 2.24*sqrt(29000 (29000 ksi ksi/50 /50 ksi ksi) )= 53.6 Use SCM G2.1(b)

Check SCM G2.1(a)

Continued

G7: Shear Strength Weak Axis Bending

SCM Section G2.1(b)

Flanges carry shear

kv = 5; (h/t (h/tw < 260) h/t h/ tw = 56.8 < 1.10 1.10*sqrt 1.10*sqrt sqrt(5*29000 sqrt(5 (5*29000 (5 29000 ksi ksi/50 /50 ksi ksi) ) = 59.2 Cv = 1.0 Vn = 118 kips

Answer:

Try this

Solution

Compute the shear strength for a W16x26 without shear stiffeners, A992 steel, bent about its minor axis ( (weak axis shear). )

Compute Aw

Aw = 2 (5.5)(0.345) = 3.795 in2 bf/2tf = 7.97 Plastic Limit = 1.10*sqrt 1.10*sqrt(1.2*29000/50) (1.2*29000/50) = 29 Cv = 1 Vn = 0.6 (50 ksi) ksi) (3.795 in2) (1) = 114 k

Check Slenderness

Compute Vn

More Shear

Round HSS

G3: Computes post buckling behavior G4: Strength of Single Angles

G5: Rectangular HSS & Box Members

Beams with Openings Deflections

Deflections are not Safety Related

Deflection Behavior

The Basic Limit State

This was covered in the prerequisite material (mechanics of materials) Beam deflections are computed taking into account span, load distribution, cross sectional geometry, material stiffness, and support conditions. See SCM Beam Table 3 3-23 (pg 3 3-211) for some useful beam tables.

Actual deflections < Allowable Deflections actual < allowable

Actual Deflections

Allowable Deflections

Compute using methods of structural mechanics. The ASCE 7 load combinations DO NOT APPLY.

SCM L3

We are interested in ACTUAL deflections so the LRFD load combinations dont make sense in this context For load combinations, use what makes sense for the application

Historically Used Limits

To protect brittle finishes

LL < L/360 TL < L/240

Other Considerations

Ponding Tolerance of attached elements Tolerance of nonnon-structural elements below Vibrations

Try this

Solution

Find the lightest W section that will cause deflections to be less that L/360 when a 36 ft long g simply p y supported pp beam is subject to a uniform live load of 2.5 k/ft.

Deflection for a simply supported, uniformly loaded beam:

max = (5wL4)/(384EIx) < L/360 Ix > (1800wL3)/(384E) Ix > 2,715 in4 See Ix table (SCM Table 3 3-3, pg 33-20) W27x84

Use: