February 2008

MV M Metal-Clad l Cl d S Switchgear i h
The safest, most reliable Switchgear in the market today

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 1

Arc-Resistant Standards

Introduction Todays Topics

What is Arc Flash and the risks it represents Arc-Resistant Switchgear Standards ABB Switchgear Offering Characteristics of SafeGear Arc-Resistant Switchgear Other Safety Features available in Switchgear today

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 2

What is an Arc Flash?

The result of a rapid release of energy due to an arcing fault between phases, neutral or a ground.
arc arises when at least part of the current passes through a dielectric, usually air
An

Maximum peak power up to 40 MW

Arc

temperature up to five times the surface f temperature t t of f the th sun (20,000C)

Light g intensity y more than 2000 times that of normal office light

Temperature T t of f the sun surface is about 5000 5000C C.

Volumetric expansion approximately 40 000+ - 1 40,000+

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 3

Arcing Incidents Do Happen

Fault characteristics An arc arises when at least part of the current passes through a dielectric, usually air M i Maximum peak k power up t to 40 MW Arc temperature up to five times the surface temperature p of the sun ( (20 000C) ) Light intensity more than 2000 times that of normal office light

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 4

Arc Flash Danger Statistics

Currently, OSHA lumps Arc Flash incidents in with electrical incidents. A recent survey showed that 5-10 people per day go to burn centers due to arc flash incidents that does not include those going to local and regional hospitals

That is 2000-3500 people a year in the US! With the high mortality rate of burn injuries injuries, this can translate to hundreds of deaths a year

IEEE did a study with a large utility and over the last 53 years, they have had 1 arc flash incident every 18 months.

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 5

Arcing Incidents Do Happen

Security Video of Arc flash incident y NFPA Distributed by

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 6

Arc-Resistant Switchgear

Causes of internal arc faults

Improper maintenance, mechanical, and interlock failures Failure to follow procedures Gradual component or insulation breakdown Foreign objects, rodents, snakes, etc. Pressure increase in an enclosed compartment Function of arc voltage, current, number, and duration of arcs, volume Rapid onset (10-15 ms) results in explosive forces Thermal effects, hot gases Catastrophic to nearby personnel and equipment

Effects of an internal arc fault

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 7

Evolution of Arc-Resistant Standards

Interest in Europe uninsulated bus was common Annex AA to IEC 298 was approved in 1981 EEMAC G14-1 was published in 1987 in Canada

Type A arc-resistant construction at the front only Type B arc-resistant construction at the front, back, and sides Type C arc-resistant T i t t construction t ti at t the th front, f t back, b k and d sides, id and db between t compartments

IEEE C37.20.7-2007 includes

Type 1 similar to EEMAC Type A above Type 2 similar to EEMAC Type B above Annex A addresses suffixes B and C

Type 1C Type T T 1 but 1, b t also l with ith arc-resistance i t designs d i or f features t b between t adjacent compartments Type 2B Type 2 with LV instrument compartment door open relay and maintenance personnel survive Type 2C Type 2 with arc-resistance features between adjacent compartments switchgear survives with minimum damage Type 2BC The ultimate in protection combines types 2B and 2C

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 8

Industry Recognized Arc-Resistant Standards

OSHA 29 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 1910, Subpart S NFPA 70E-2004, Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace IEEE 1584-2002, 1584 2002 Guide G id f for A Arc Fl Flash h Hazard H d Analysis A l i IEEE C37.20.7-2007, IEEE Guide for Testing Medium-Voltage Metal-Enclosed Switchgear for Internal Arcing Faults

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 9

Arc-Resistant Standards

Current Requirements and How They Apply

OSHA 29 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 1910, Subpart S Safe practices to prevent electrical shock or burns must be implemented Mandates that exposed p workers must be qualified q Requires provisions for the appropriate personnel protective equipment (PPE) NFPA 70E-2004, 70E 2004 Standard St d d for f Electrical El t i l Safety S f t in i the th Workplace W k l

Details steps to comply with the OSHA requirements Worker training Appropriate, safe tools Safety program Arc flash hazard calculations PPE Equipment warning labels

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 10

THE NEW NFPA 70E 2009, TABLE 130.7 (C) (9) Arc-Resistant SWITCHGEAR TYPE 1 OR 2
Hazard/Risk Category for Arc-Resistant Switchgear Insertion or removal of CBs from cubicles, doors open CB operation with enclosure door closed Insertion of removal of CBs from cubicles cubicles, doors closed Insertion or removal of ground and test device with door closed Insertion or removal (racking) of voltage transformers on or off the bus, door closed Work on control circuits with energized electrical conductors and circuit parts 120V, exposed 4 0 0 0 0 2

Applies to clearing times of <0.5 sec with a perspective fault current not to exceed the arcresistant i t t rating ti of f the th equipment. i t

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 11

Arc Flash Introduction - Mitigation Techniques

Redirecting energy away from workers Reducing the arcing current (En ~Ia) Not effective method as test data is required for current limiting devices (fuses) Increasing the working distance (E~1/D) Using remore racking device, remote operating devices incident energy might be reduced Reducing the clearing time (E~t) (E t) Zone selective interlocking slow (100ms) + breaker operate time) can not be used for retrofit installations Bus bar protection

expensive to install due to number of CTs CT s Light Detection

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 12

ANSI C37.20.7 Accessibility Types

Front only Front plus between compartments within a section or between adjacent vertical sections (except main bus compartment) Front, back, and sides Isolation of the Low Voltage Compartment with the instrument door open Front, back, Front back and sides sides, plus between compartments within a section or between adjacent vertical sections (except main bus compartment) Offers compartment Off t t to t compartment t t and d low l voltage lt isolation. i l ti Offers Off the th very best solution for personnel protection and system reliability.

1C

2B

2C

2BC

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 13

SafeGear meets IEEE C37 C37.20.7-2007 20 7 2007 Type 2, 2B, 2C and 2BC!

Arc Faults

Conventional Switchgear

SafeGear

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 14

Pressure Buildup

vent flap opens

enclosure rupture

900 800 700 600 PSI 500 400 300 200 100 0 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 tim e (m s) 1 3 5 7 9

conventional

SafeGear

Pressure measurements

Successful SafeGear test

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 15

Introduction to ABB ANSI Switchgear

5 to 15 kV metal clad switchgear Advance

Traditional non-arc-resistant switchgear Meets ANSI Standard C37.20.7-2007 for arc-resistance Four versions Types 2, 2B, 2C and 2BC available

SafeGear

Vacuum circuit breakers AMVAC

Magnetically actuated mechanism S i operated Spring d mechanism h i

ADVAC

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 16

Ratings
Nominal Voltage BIL (kV) Continuous Current (A) Main Bus Forced Air Cooled* Short Circuit (kA) K Factor = 1.0 Ratings 4.16 60 1200 2000 3000 4000 20 25 31 5 31.5 40 50 7.2 95 1200 2000 3000 4000 20 25 31 5 31.5 40 50 13.8 95 1200 2000 3000 4000 20 25 31 5 31.5 40 50

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 17

4000 A rating available for Advance only.

ABB Metal-Clad Switchgear

Features Galvanic construction Hem bending Modular design Bolted frame Instrument compartment Breaker compartment Bus and cable compartment p Potential transformer compartment Arc-resistant switchgear SafeGear Power distribution center Plenum Circuit Ci it b breaker k t technology h l ADVAC AMVAC magnetically actuated circuit breaker option

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 18

Galvanic Construction
Resistant

to rust, corrosion and scratches paint required reflective

No

Highly

(Side view ie with ith co covers ers remo removed) ed)

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 19

Hem Bending

No sharp edges for increased safety Improved rigidity Reduces arc propagation Forms a self-supporting pp g structure
Hem bending creates a rigid structure and sturdy construction in metal-clad switchgear (reinforced, arc-resistant door construction shown).

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 20

Modular Design

Bolted construction enables faster replacement and modification in the field Allows for easy replacements, repairs, and specialized configurations Maintains the smallest, compact product

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 21

Instrument Compartment

Total isolation from medium voltage components

No instruments on breaker door

Galvanic interiors provide superior reflectivity inside compartments Available in four sizes

19, 38, 57, 95

Gasketed door Easy accessibility for operators Truck operated cell switches located in the low voltage p for easy y access and compartment to minimize exposure

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 22

Breaker Compartment

Dual safety shutter actuators

Interlock prevents manual operation Mechanically forced by breaker movement Shutters grounded by cable Clear Lexan shutters available

Position indicator

Connected Test Disconnected

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 23

Breaker Compartment

Automatic secondary disconnect

Provides improved safety for workers while operating the breakers when using SafeGear

Single or double plug secondary contacts Grounding contact Interference block

Prevents installing undersized breakers

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 24

Bus & Cable Compartments

Copper bus Epoxy p y coated bus insulation system y

No sleeve insulation

Silver p plating g standard

Tin plating available

Porcelain or glass polyester standoff insulators Molded vinyl boots with re-useable hardware

Catalog number embossed on each boot to make reordering easy No tape used

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 25

PT Compartments

One to three potential transformers (PTs) In SafeGear SafeGear, less than 40kA duty is 19 inches high. 40kA and 50kA duty is 38 inches high Closed door racking in and out adds element of safety Drawout construction with extension rails makes the compartment easily accessible

Lift truck Lif k not required i d to replace l fuses

Delrin snuffer contact technology gy

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 26

CPT Compartments

15 kVA, single-phase, truck mounted

Larger size CPTs are fixed mounted in th rear compartment the t t Fuse truck with fixed mounted CPT

Closed Cl d door d racking ki adds dd element l t of f safety Drawout construction with extension rails makes the compartment easily accessible for fuse replacement. Compartment is 38 inches high

Lift truck not required to replace fuses

Delrin snuffer contact technology

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 27

Arrangements

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 28

SafeGear Arc-Resistant Switchgear

Enhanced safety for personnel and equipment

Flap/vent system to relieve pressure Patented collection chamber Gases are safely expelled out the roof through the plenum

Built to EEMAC G14-1 1987 type B and C construction i and d IEEE C37 C37.20.7-2007 20 7 2007 Types 2, 2B, 2C and 2BC More than 25 years experience in arc arcresistant switchgear Design g allows for flexibility y in configurations and promotes superior safety performance Certified by an independent test lab

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 29

SafeGear Demonstration

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 30

Location of Flaps and Vents in SafeGear

ONE-HIGH 1200A

1200A W/2 VT UNITS

TWO-HIGH 1200A

1200A W/FUSED CPT

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 31

2000A W/1 VT UNIT

ONE-HIGH 3000A

SafeGear Patented Internal Collection Chamber

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 32

SafeGear Construction

Breaker doors secured with heavy duty hinges and bolts

Multi-point handle and latching available

Double thickness of steel Gasketed construction

Seals gases inside

Lexan arc-resistant window largest in industry allows the operator to check position and status of circuit breaker without opening i th the cell ll d door

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 33

Plenum Benefits

Channels gases out of PDC Provides room for flap operation Allows gases to expand Protects cable trays Maintains weather protection Allows lower building height

PDC ceiling Plenum

PDC Aisle Two-high SafeGear

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 34

Plenum Design

Sealed duct across top of switchgear, covering all vent flaps Si d and Sized d shaped h dt to minimize i i i t turbulence b l and db back-pressure k Allows room for cable trays and conduit entry Channels gases safely out of building, through wall penetration and vent

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 35

Plenum End Flap

Flaps normally closed Opens with pressure i case of in f arc fault f lt

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 36

Circuit Breaker

Closed door racking to all positions adds element of safety Three position breaker Positive stop in all positions Breaker positively latched in the compartment t t (Disconnect) (Di t) Racking mechanism is integral to the breaker element Auxiliary switches are breaker-mounted and wired out through the secondary , eliminating g the need for disconnect, separately mounted mechanism operated cell switches Front access mechanism Centered racking mechanism for easy alignment Embedded pole design

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 37

ADVAC Circuit Breaker

Manual spring charge port

Manual M l open and d close push buttons

Non-re-settable Non re settable operations counter Spring charge status indicator

Open/close indicator

Cell locking tabs and dh handles dl

Racking release lever

Racking access port

Racking padlock provision for lockout and safety procedures

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 38

ADVAC Circuit Breaker

Simple, front-accessible operating mechanism and control components p
On-board auxiliary contacts eliminate the need for cellmounted MOC switches and related mechanical linkages 4a, 4b standard 9a, 8b optional Auxiliary y switch operating shaft

Close & trip coils

Main drive shaft

Precision cam

Charging motor

Toroidal spring

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 39

AMVAC Circuit Breaker

Operating mechanism rated for 100,000 operations

10 times ANSI requirement

Interrupter assemblies rated for 30,000 full load operations Virtually maintenance free (minor lubrication needed) Only seven moving parts

90% less parts

Permanent magnet g for holding g force and latch Dual capacitors store energy Full F ll operation for up p to 90 seconds after loss of control power Interchangeable with ADVAC

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 40

AMVAC Circuit Breaker

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.

Upper Primary Terminal Vacuum Interrupter Epoxy Potting Compound Lower Primary Terminal Flexible Connector Wipe Springs Insulated Pushrod Jackshaft Stroke Adjustment Position Sensors Close Coil Permanent Magnets Armature Open p Coil Manual Opening Actuator Mechanism Enclosure

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 41

AMVAC Circuit Breaker

Magnetic actuator Manual M l opening i mechanism

Auxiliary contacts

Electronic controller

Electrical energy storage Sensor for S f switching it hi position detection

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 42

AMVAC vs. ADVAC

AMVACs simple design reduces moving elements and the need f spare parts for t

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 43

Accessories

Racking crank, manual close bar Test cabinet Test jumper Ground & test device Electric racking device Lift truck Ramp Shutter actuator truck Breaker release handle Wear test device Dummy circuit breakers Slow close device IR Viewing Ports

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 44

Arc Flash Mitigation Relays

REA 101 Arc Protection Relay
Fast trip time (< 2.5 ms) Unique fiber optic sensor technology

with self supervision

Current supervision for secure and

reliable arc detection

Easy to configure via front mounted

dip switches
Suitable for existing LV / MV

switchgear installations or new applications

Minimize potential risk of injury or

g reliability y death while increasing

Includes standard 12 year warranty

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 45

REA Application Example #1

Arc in the right bus compartment p with the tie breaker open
REA 101 REA 101

Right REA 101 detects light Right g REA 101 detects overcurrent REA 101s send the current information to all connected units Right bus is disconnected
REA 105 REA 105

REA 105

REA 105

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 46

IR viewing Ports

SAFE: Successfully Arc-Flash tested in accordance with IEEE C37.20.7 RUDGGED: Certified by UL, SIRA and Lloyds of London for installation into both indoor and outdoor equipment FLEXIBLE: Broadband optic suitable f all for ll IR cameras. SECURE: Unique mounting system allows for safe, single g p person installation & retro-fitting with No dangerous internal fasteners required. 1. Eliminate need to enter the switchgear while energized. Frequent monitoring possible without impacting production. Easy to use system requires little training

2.

3.

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 47

Product description
Indicator of voltage presence installed directly on bus bars, conductors d t etc. t

Advantages of VisiVolt

Applicable to any unshielded medium voltage system from 3 kV to 36 kV For permanent installation information on voltage g p presence available all the time Outdoor and indoor application Good visibility under all lighting conditions Maintenance free; passive device no power supply needed Simple and robust construction resistant to overvoltages g (does not use electronic elements) Very compact construction Eas to install Easy Economical solution

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 48

In Summary

Advance & SafeGear available at 5 and 15kV

SafeGear arc-resistant switchgear g Types yp 2, , 2B, , 2C and 2BC provide the highest level of personnel protection

AMVAC breaker

100,000 mechanical operations mechanism 30,000 load break operations interrupter Virtually maintenance free

REA Relays

Protects you personnel and equipment with the most advanced arc flash mitigation relays on the market market.

ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 49

 ABB Group May 4, 2009 | Slide 50