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External GuideChitresh Tiwari Training co-ordinator Advance Sales & Service Pvt. Ltd.
Declaration
I hereby declare that I have worked on the topic Analysis of Horizontal Expansion Strategy of Coke Lucknow from 4th June 2012 to 28th July 2012. All the information that has been collected, analyzed and documented for the project is authentic possession to me. I would like to categorically mention that the work here has neither been purchased nor acquired by any other unfair means. The data and information existing in this report are accurate and update to the current data, to the best of our knowledge. However, for this purpose of the project, information already compiled in many sources has been utilized. All information in this report is true representation of what I have experienced during the project.
Farhan Ahmad
Acknowledgement
Co-operation and building up of moral are the essence of success. These are two factors that go a long way in achieving it. It is a Herculean task, which lacks these two determinants of success. Summer training was an exposure to corporate environment. It was an opportunity and great pleasure for me to be in such an environment and having interaction with concerned people. I express my heartily respect and profound thanks to Mr. Chitresh Tiwari(MEM) and Mr. Rajan Sharma (Head of Sales) for their enlightening and meticulous guidance for the consummation and evaluating of this project.
,Department of Management & Research, who was in the role of my Faculty Guide, left no stone unturned in guiding me along the course of my Summer Training Project work. I am grateful to them those given me this opportunity to work on such type of project, without their, it is not possible for me to complete the project. Finally, to my parents, for all the tea and care with which they overwhelmed me through these long months of creation. I sincerely hope that my first venue in this field is appreciated. Offering thanks.
Farhan Ahmad
GUIDE CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Mr.Farhan Ahmad, a student of MBA 3 rd Semester having Roll No. 1100122035 has completed his summer training project on the topic Analysis of Horizontal Expansion Strategy of Coca-cola Lucknow during 2012-13 under my supervision and guidance.
The behavior of the student during the training period was found to be highly appreciable and satisfactory.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Title page 2. Declaration 3. Guide certificate 4. Training certificate 5. Acknowlegement 6. Executive summary 7. Table of contents 8. Objectives 9. Company profile History Vision and mission Organizational chart Product portfolio Corporate strategy Future plans Profile of Organization imparting training
10. Daily dairy (work done) 11. Conceptual background of topic 12. Job based work Task done Profile of the area given Work done Findings Conclusion and suggestion
Objectives
A.PROVIDING INFORMATION ABOUT OYA (OWN YOUR ASSET). B. LEARN OUTLET. C. LEARN HOW TO COMMUNICATE WITH THE HOW TO IDENTIFY POTENTIAL
POTENTIAL OULET RETAILER. D.PROFIT CALCULATION. E. HOW TO DEAL WITH OBJECTION/QUERY FROM A NEW OUTLET OWNER. F. TELL PROFIT STORY TO THE RETAILER. G.ASKED HIM ABOUT IF HE IS INTERESTED OR NOT IN TAKING THIS SCHEME.
Company profile
On the distribution front, 10-tonne trucks, open-bay three wheelers that can navigate the narrow alleyways of Indian cities, ensure availability of our brands in every nook and corner of the country.
The company-owned Bottling arm of the Indian Operations, Advance Sales & Service Pvt. Ltd. is responsible for the sale and distribution of beverages across the Lucknow. A career at Advance Sales & Service Pvt. Ltd. is truly a one-of-akind experience. Come taste life at Coca-Cola.
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In order to achieve this mission, we must create value for all the constraints we serve, including our consumers, our customers, our bottlers, and our communities. The Coca Cola Company creates value by executing comprehensive business strategy guided by six key beliefs:
1. Consumer demand drives everything we do. 2. Brand Coca Cola is the core of our business 3. We will serve consumers a broad selection of the nonalcoholic ready-todrink beverages they want to drink through out the day. 4. We will be the best marketers in the world. 5. We will think and act locally. 6. We will lead as a model corporate citizen. The ultimate objectives of our business strategy are to increase volume, expand our share of worldwide nonalcoholic ready to drink beverages sales, maximize our longterm cash flows, and create economic value added by improving economic profit.
The Coca Cola system has more than 16 million customers around the world that sells or serves our products directly to consumers. We keenly focus on enhancing value for these customers and helping them grow their beverage businesses. We strive to understand each customers business and needs, whether that customer is a sophisticated retailer in a developed market a kiosk owner in an emerging market. There are nearly 6 million people in the world who are potential consumers of our companys product. Ultimately, our success in achieving our mission depends on our ability to satisfy more of their beverage consumption demands and our ability to add value for customers. We achieve this when we place the right products in the right markets at the right time.
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MANAGEMENT PROFILE:
The hierarchy of Coca Cola Company is as follows.
Vice Presidents
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MARKET SHARE:
Being the biggest company in the soft drink industry, Coca Cola enjoys the largest market share. This company controls about 59% of the world market.
NORTH AMERICA
LATIN AMERICA
ASIA
AFRICA
30%
25%
22%
17%
6%
NORTH AMERICA LATIN AMERICA EUROPE & MIDDLE EAST ASIA AFRICA
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So the volume is least in the Africa and most in the North America. The data about the market share of this company area wise is given in the following table.
The above table shows the geographical earning of the Coca Cola Company and from this data; we can find out that the customers of Coca Cola are increasing which is shown by the companys per capita income. Unit case equals 24 eight-ounce servings. The column, which shows the non-alcoholic beverages consist of commercially, sold beverages, as estimated by the Company based on available industry sources. The country column is derived from In Asian population, which is the satisfied customer of Coca Cola, is approximately 3.2 billion and the average consumer enjoys close to two servings of our products each month. Through an intense focus on Coca-Cola, innovation and new beverages, the company has achieved volume growth of 10 percent in 2002. With developing economies and populations, this region has strong long-term potential, and the company is building an exciting family of beverage brands in addition to expanding the popularity of our core brands, led by Coca-Cola. In China, for example, sales of Coca-Cola increased 6 percent. The total unit case sale of Coca Cola in Asia can be shown by the following pie chart.
(Figure)
So the company is emphasizing more in this area and is trying to develop a strategy, which can increase the growth of the consumption of Coca Cola by the people of Asia. Among the countries of Asia, Japan has the highest percentage, which is about 29%. Among others, Pakistan, India and Bangladesh are those countries where the average consumption is increasing day by day.
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COCA-COLA IN INDIA
The Coca-Cola Company entered India in the early 1950s. It set up four bottling plants at Bombay, Calcutta, Lucknow, Kanpur and Delhi. In 1950 as there were negligible companies in Indian market therefore Coca-Cola did not face much competition and they were accepted in Indian market more easily. By the end of 1977 Coca-Cola had captured more than 45% of market share in India. Then Coca-Cola left India following public disputes over share holding structure and import permit. As per FERA REGULATION the company was required to India close operation by May 5, 1978 yet strongly enough the companys operation come to end in July 1977. In October 1993, Coca-Cola returned to India after 16 years of absence with the slogan Old waves have come to India again first launched in HATHRAS near AGRA HOME of the famous TAJ MAHAL. At this time Parle was the leader in soft drink market and had more than 60% of the total market share in soft drink Coca-Cola joined hand with Parle and strategic alliance with Parle export give the company instant ownership of the nation top soft drinks brands Thums-Up, Limca, Citra, Gold Spot and Maaza access to Parles extensive 62 plant bottling network and a base for the rapid introduction of the companys international brand by striking a $40 million deal with Parle Coke almost a clear sweep and made it goal as To become an all occasion drink not a special treat beverage.
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1. COKE
Coke is considered to be a cola drink. It is generally preferred by all sections of consumer. This is a case cow brand for the company in terms of sales revenue.
2. THUMS-UP
Thums-up is also considered to be a cola drink. It is hard in comparison to coke. It is preferred by all section of consumers but especially to teen-agers. It is a big source of company to cash its publicity.
3. LIMCA
Limca is considered to be lemony in taste, and comes under the category of cloudy lemon because of its colour, which is similar to that of clouds. It has to yield good sales revenue. It is generally preferred by Children & Women.
4. FANTA
FANTA ORNAGE, It is orange flavor & preferred by Children & Women.
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5. MAAZA
MAAZA MANGO, in maaza cold drink no gas only based on juice. It is a non-aerated soft drink. It is preferred mostly Children & Women.
6. KINLEY SODA
This is a soda drink. It has no colour and no flavor. It is generally used with alcohol and used by adults.
7. SPRITE
Sprite is a good product at cola and contains at lemon flavor.
8. KINLEY WATER
Kinley water is a fresh and mineral water and market competitor of Bisleri and Aquafina.
9. MINUTE MAID
In Minute maid pupply orange cold drink no gas only based on orange juice. It is a non-aerated soft drink and market competitor of Tropicana Twister.
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SWOT ANALYSIS STRENGTHS 1. Improved quality control. 2. Latest technology. 3. Heavy investment in both infrastructure and sales promotion campaigns. 4. Modified and attractive packaging. 5. Strong advertising network. WEAKNESS 1. Entire infrastructure needs a face-lift. 2. Unskilled labour. 3. Tight case policy. 4. Fear of retrenchment among the workers. OPPORTUNITIES 1. Wide market. 2. Good rural market. 3. Direct distribution. THREATS 1. Stiff competition. 2. Illegal distribution done by some distributors. 3. Changing of consumer preference.
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Corporate strategy
Coca-Cola India operations are fully integrated into the governance structure of The CocaCola Company, including two important codes: (a) The Code of Business Conduct outlines expectations for employees to comply with the law and act ethically in all matters. The Code remains applicable to all employees of The Coca-Cola Company and its majorityowned subsidiaries.
Anti-Bribery Policy: The Coca-Cola Company and its subsidiaries are committed to doing business with integrity. This means avoiding corruption of all kinds, including bribery of government officials. We will abide by all applicable anti-bribery laws, including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, and local laws in every country in which it does business. The Company is a signatory to the United Nations Global Compact, by which it is committed to work against corruption and bribery around the world. The Company also has incorporated a prohibition against bribery into its Code of Business Conduct. This anti-bribery policy provides compliance requirements to prevent improper payments and to ensure accurate reporting of permissible payments under all applicable anti-bribery laws.
(b) The Code of Business Conduct for Suppliers seeks to extend and clarify similar ethical expectations to our suppliers. The Supplier Code became effective in February 2008. Both the Code of Business Conduct and the Supplier Code highlight the EthicsLine reporting service, through which individuals can confidentially ask questions or report concerns to an independent administering party.
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Future plans
Coca-Cola laid out goals within the areas of profit, people, portfolio, partners, planet and productivity. Key priorities include doubling system revenue to $200 billion in 2020 from $95 billion last year. And Coke plans to more than double the numbers of servings of its products -- water, soft-drinks, juices and the like -- consumed per day to more than 3 billion. From a marketing perspective, the company will focus on working across many geographies, cultures and channels, targeting the right consumers in a fragmented media environment and innovating. Coca-cola plans to be relevant locally while scaling globally. Those plans ranged from eliminating agency duplication to creating a single World Cup campaign to introducing new, global packaging for its juice brands. Efforts to better connect with key consumers, including teens, moms and multicultural consumers, were also detailed. And the marketing team touted its focus on experimenting with new media, such as digital billboards, social media and in-store advertising, while affirming its intent to continue creating highprofile TV campaigns.
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Advance Sales & Service Pvt.Ltd. Advance Sales & Service Pvt. Ltd. is a marketing and distribution, Franchise of Brindavan Bottlers Pvt. Ltd. Lucknow, Barabanki, Lalitpur, Jhansi, Lakhimpur, Sitapur & Faizabad are the distribution and market area for Advance Sales & Service Pvt. Ltd.
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Daily dairy
I. 13/6/2012 to 18/6/2012 Visited five new outlet in Tedi pulia. II. 20/6/2012 to 25/6/2012 Visited five more outlet in Tedi pulia & Jankipuram. III. 26/6/2012 Meeting day: work done in two days presented in front of mr. chitresh tiwari(training guide).
IV.
V.
VI.
10/6/2012 Report given to mr. chitresh tiwari and he had given us 15 day time to prepare a report on the topic given to us.
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Horizontal Expansion
Expansion of business capacity through the absorption of facilities or buildings as well as through the acquisition of new equipment to handle an increased volume in sales in which the business is already engaged.
In microeconomics and strategic management, the term Horizontal Expansion describes a type of ownership and control. It is a strategy used by a business or corporation that seeks to sell a type of product in numerous markets.
Horizontal Expansion in marketing is much more common than Vertical Expansion is in production. Horizontal Expansion occurs when a firm is being taken over by, or merged with, another firm which is in the same industry and in the same stage of production as the merged firm,
For e.g. Pepsi has adopted strategy of Vertical Expansion by which Pepsi wants to improve its sale from Coke monopoly outlets, means Cokes monopoly outlets are being taken over by Pepsi now in this condition to improve its sale Coke need to open new outlets which is called Horizontal Expansion Strategy. A monopoly created through Horizontal Expansion is called a Horizontal Monopoly. This is the expansion of a firm within an industry in which it is already active for the purpose of increasing its share of the market for a particular product or service.
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The ultimate objective of coke is to acquire more customers and serve them properly. While doing Horizontal Expansion take care to the competitors strategy. The main competitor is PEPSI, who has opted Vertical Expansion to generate more sell however Coke do not believe on Vertical Expansion because Vertical Expansion has limited preview so COKE is great believer in Horizontal Expansion and this strategy helped to the company to maintain its leadership in the soft drink industry.
India is a big country having diversified taste and appearance and same character is reflected in their demography. Horizontal Expansion helps the company to serve the more people and more customers touch point because in the waste country many customers commute.
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Above tables clearly indicate the importance of opening new outlets. By doing vertical expansion only growth in profit was not very effective but because of opening just 200 new outlets sales increased to a large extent. Total profit margin and return on investment also increased.
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Story
Salesperson hello sir, I am from Coke and I have a proposal that will surely increase your income. May I present you? Shopkeeper yes please present it Salesperson - Sir if you will start to sell coke then your overall sale will be increased and it is not tough to sell coke because Coke is the leader in beverage industry and a very well known brand. Shopkeeper- yes, but how it can increase my overall sale? Salesperson - Sir, you are selling Chips, Pastry and snacks. And these products have a very good combination with cold drink. If a person wants to purchase any of these products then it is quite possible that he will purchase Coke and vice versa. Shopkeeper But how Coke can increase my profit? Salesperson Sir if you are really interested to explore through Coke, you may be able to sell 2 cases of 200ml, 1 case of 300ml, 1 case of 6oo ml and 1 case of 2 liter. And for start selling Coke you need to invest only Rs. 420. We will provide you 3 empty carets Weight of Product Rate (ML) (Rs.) 200 168 300 214 600 488 2000 455 of case QTY 24 24 24 9 M.R.P. (Rs.) 8 10 22 55 Revenue (Rs.) 192 240 528 495 Profit (Rs.) 24 26 40 40
Sir your daily profit from coke (in Peak season) Profit per month (in Peak season) Profit of whole season
= Rs. 20790
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(Because as per the Coke assumption income in the off season is decreased by half in comparison to the Peak season) Profit of whole year Your investment Your ROI = Rs.34650 = Rs. 1913 = 34650 * 100/1913 = 1811.29% Shopkeeper But I do not think this much will work what about those stuffs that needs to support trading of Coke and I have to provide them like electricity, ice etc. Salesperson Sir thats a really nice question, we can understand your anxiety and we have to offer much more for this. We have minimum Rs. 10 offer on 200 and 300 ml and Minimum Rs. 20 on Pet bottles. More over if you are keeping your refrigerator for the storage purpose of Coke if will be all right as the refrigerator can work by consuming power as low as 2 units per day which will cost you Rs. 8 per day. So, what you have to say about our offer? Shopkeeper Yes, I think it will be a nice idea to accept your offer. Salesperson Thank you sir and Congratulation (Shaking Hands) I will be dropping my products within 10 minutes as I have the carrying vehicle with me and within next 15 minutes you are all set to go for selling Coke. On some shops we set refrigerators and to keep a refrigerator we need to collect 1 photo copy of Voter ID card or Rashen Card, 1 photo copy of electricity bill and 1 passport size photo of shopkeeper.
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Task done
a. To do horizontal expansion scheme through OYA scheme. b. To help the company for doing horizontal expansion by providing information to new potential customer. c. Learn how to identify potential outlet. d. How to communicate with retailer of the potential outlet. e. Learn the profit table to tell the retailer. f. How to deal with objection/query from new outlet owner. g. Tell profit story to retailer ,tell him the benefit in accordance to the profit story. h. Then ask him he is interested or not in this scheme of horizontal expansion through OYA.
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Sir your daily profit from coke (in Peak season) Profit per month (in Peak season) Profit of whole season
= Rs. 20790
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(Because as per the Coke assumption income in the off season is decreased by half in comparison to the Peak season) Profit of whole year Your investment Your ROI = Rs.34650 = Rs. 1913 = 34650 * 100/1913 = 1811.29% Shopkeeper But I do not think this much will work what about those stuffs that needs to support trading of Coke and I have to provide them like electricity, ice etc. Salesperson Sir thats a really nice question, we can understand your anxiety and we have to offer much more for this. We have minimum Rs. 10 offer on 200 and 300 ml and Minimum Rs. 20 on Pet bottles. More over if you are keeping your refrigerator for the storage purpose of Coke if will be all right as the refrigerator can work by consuming power as low as 2 units per day which will cost you Rs. 8 per day. So, what you have to say about our offer? Shopkeeper Yes, I think it will be a nice idea to accept your offer. Salesperson Thank you sir and Congratulation (Shaking Hands) I will be dropping my products within 10 minutes as I have the carrying vehicle with me and within next 15 minutes you are all set to go for selling Coke. On some shops we set refrigerators and to keep a refrigerator we need to collect 1 photo copy of Voter ID card or Rashen Card, 1 photo copy of electricity bill and 1 passport size photo of shopkeeper.
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Jankipuram
Kursi Road
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Work done
I.
II.
20/6/2012 to 25/6/2012 Visited five more outlet in Tedi pulia & Jankipuram.
III.
26/6/2012 Meeting day: work done in two days presented in front of mr. chitresh tiwari(training guide).
IV.
V.
VI.
10/7/2012 Report given to mr. chitresh tiwari and he had given us 15 day time to prepare a report on the topic given to us.
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Number of Clients
Total 20 retailers such as FMCG Outlet, Beverage & restaurant,photo studio,service centre,sweet shop,cyber caf, mobile shop , of Tedi pulia,jankipuram,kursi road were considered for the new oultlet opening.
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Retailer information
Contact Person's Name Pawan Rajput Mohd. Asfaq Type of Outlet Rema rks
Name of outlet
Address
Contact
yes no
V.S. Cyber Junction Cyber Jet ADS studio & Noor Communication Combing Attraction Madhur Enterprises Skylink Communication Yash Stationery & Photocopy Cyber World Mohini Communication Khurram Nagar
Ajay Singh Praveen Dubey Noor Khan S.K. Singh Pankaj Pandey Mohd.Ayy ub Santosh Gupta Ashok Yadav Naveen Sinha
Bajrang Plaza,sector-8 Arif Chamber,lekhraj panna Arif Chamber,lekhraj panna Beside Farabi Resturent 6/663 sector-6 7/616 near Electricity House 7/616 near Electricity House Arif Chamber,lekhraj panna Infront of RLB, Sector3
991946 8504 941554 9900 983948 7473 941542 4451 993515 3217 983858 7903 980741 5744 945283 2756 953260 6060
Cyber Caf Cyber Caf Colour Lab Mens Saloon Communi cation Communi cation Stationery Cyber Caf Communi cation
Anam business centre Lay medical store M.S. Communication & Cyber Azim Hotel
Near khuraam nagar chowki Near khuraam nagar chowki A-2, Ghandhi Colony, Abrarnagar Abrarnagar
yes no no yes
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No. Of Respondants
20% 33% Yes No 47% May be
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FINDINGS
More than 47% % retailers were not happy with the schemes and services offered by Coca Cola.
Not much retailers were satisfied with OYA.Only 24 % said that they will take OYA,which % is below .
24% retailer are in state of conflict whether they should take it on this season or on next season.
In Horizontal Expansion OYA scheme has been used before also but with different crates scheme in past year.
Pawan General Store V.S. Cyber Junction Cyber Jet Anam business centre Azim Hotel
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SUGGESTIONS
Company should convince retailers to have promotional tools decorating with coke products and should tell them why these elements are important and how company as well as Retailers is getting benefit of using these activation elements. Company should focus more and more on E&D Outlet because most of the E&D outlets dont have promotional tools of the company and overall average score of these outlets is very less. Company should reframe the Flange to an attractive and big size because the current look and size of Flange is not attractive and fail to draw attention of the population. Overall service should be improved because many of the retailers are not satisfied with company service. Company must provide free chilling equipment to the outlet where needed and also company should work out on the complains of Retailers. The Company should measure Retailers satisfaction regularly and should maintain proper communication with them. Company can increase the sales when it considering more on retailers, their suggestions or complaints about service or product so that necessary action can be taken. Review meeting should be often held so that the working pattern of the executives can be checked and improved if needed. Company representatives should visit retailers and should make a long-term relationship with retailer so that they can push the product. Distributers should be convinced to pass the incentives to the retailers so that they are motivated to promote this brand. Increase the number of dealers and retailers as this will help in making high sales volume. Now company should launch new taste of soft drinks like recently launched Minute Maid & also launched new product in another flavor. In winter Season Company should give more discount & schemes to retailers so that they sell more our product.
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Conclusion
As far as journey with the company is concerned, I grasped lots of knowledge within two months Because many of the company officials has assisted and given me the valuable notes and experience of their life.
The primary objective of the my research is to analyze the horizontal expansion strategy of Coke and at the end of the research I found that there is requirement of changing the strategy for acquiring new customer for Coke but company should take care of its existing customer because they are the main instrument of promotion for any company so old customer should be fully satisfied with the company.
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References
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I have used following resources to prepare this study report to make it more accurate and confidential-
Serial no
Source of information
Name
Designation
Organizations/writers name
2.
Guidance personalities
Dr.Adeel maqbool
Integral University
3.
Books
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Annexure
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RETAILERS INFORMATION Name of Outlet .. Contact Persons Name.. Address . Contact No . Type of Outlet Status ... DATE REMARKS SURVEYOR DETAILS GROUP LEADER: FARHAN AHMAD NAME . INSTITUTION: INTEGRAL UNIVERSITY CONTACT NO. SIGNATURE