MAJOR SHIFTS ON THE WORLD SCENE

WILL CHANGING WEATHER BRING MASS FAMINES?

Humphrey and Wallace pholOS Wida World, all o/hara UPI

Personal from... -
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A
.
United States senator preached a
sermon in a Methodist pulpit in
Los Angeles a few years ago. Of
all things, imagine a well-known
senator saying that patriotism is a false
god to ma ny people. And he is right.
" Love of country can transcend the
love of God," he said, " and we must. lin
time of stress ; avoid makin g patriotism a
religion."
He said a number of other things I
could have said, myself. Among the
}dols professing Christians worshi p, he
cited prosperity, science. pa triotism, peace
- and some people actually make an
ido l of the Bible, strange as that may
sound. Some, he said, worship the Bibl e
for itself - NOT as cont aining TRUTHS
necessary for salvation - and, I add , as
a GU I DE to a WAY OF LIFE.
What is your idol? What are YOU
reall y dedicated to? Is it earn ing a living
- maki ng money? Wha t absorbs your
mind, your thoughts, your time? What
ar e you really devoted to? Is it GOD -
a bove all else? Or is it your hobby, your
wife or husband, your children, your
home, your sports , or your amusements
and entertainments? What do you keep
your MIND on most of the time ? What
most occ up ies you r I NTEREST? Is it
t frie nds - SO.Ci C. ty. ? Is it PEO PLE, or is it
r
couldn' t be GOD,could it?
With most , it' s not. And , if not, there is
l danger of having your interests become
I your idols. You end up serving your
r idols instea d of the living God.
r lust WHAT IS RELI GION ?
t Is it merely an incidental inter est. sec-
i on dary to many other thin gs, such as
ea rning a living, your home> your fam-
ily, your friends, hobbies , sports. enter-
tai nments? Is it possibly secondary to
TV or movies?
. Religion is your CONNECTION WITH
GOD - your relationship with Him. Re-
ligion is realizing the PURPOSE of your
life, the reason why God had you to be
born, the reason you dr aw the breath of
air and exist, the PURPOSE or
of your life, and HOW to live that life so
as to arriv e there. .
I have written the Seven Laws of Suc-
cess. You may have this free bookle t by
writing to our office nearest you. Th ese
laws are rea lly the seven laws of LIFE.
They are the seven laws of RELIGION.
Yet most people do not know, practice,
or apply a single one of them.
HERBERT w. ARM STRONG
Editor: GARNER TED ARM STRONG
Ma_KUrt Edit or: Arthu r A. Fetdi g
Al sistllllt to tM Editor: Robert L. Kuhn
U ror: Gene H. Hogberg
F#JI1IIwrI Editor: Ga l)' Aleltander.
A rf Dirrct or. Allen Merager
PodJiislt;"6 e-di_t1r: Roger G. Lipprou
hb/i$lo;.gAdmilfistrati_: Dexter H. Faulkner
GydirtN: Jim E. Lea
E4irlWl: C. Wayne Cole. David Jon Hill .
Herman L Hoeh. Raymond F. McNait. Roder id C.
Meredi th .
B",,",w.s: Ray Kosanke: Jerusalem: Mar k .
Armstrong. Chns Pat ton: London: Peter Buller.
MARCH 1976
The first law is to have the RIGHT
GOAL.
Th at GOAL - God 's PURPOSE for hav-
ing put the breath ortife in you - is that
you be born of GOD, 10 share with Him
the GLORY of creat ion, to inherit His
di vine NATURE, to be LIKE HIM, to do
'what He does, to accomplish what He
accomplishes, enj oy what He ENJOYS -
peace, happiness, j oy, resplendent
GLORYin LIFE EVERLASTING.
No other goal could be as great. . It is
superla tive.
But what ar e you,' now? Just a mass of
ma tt er, put together like a machine.
Your present existence has to be con-
stantly SUSTAINED. You have to keep
drawing a breath of air into your lungs
about every two or three seconds. You
have to eat food on the average of at -
leastthree times every day. You hav e to
take care of eliminati ng the impurit ies
from food, and you have to bathe and
clease your body. Maybe you don't
really have to "brus h your teeth after
every meal " as a certain toothpaste TV
commercial keeps repeating like a
phonogr aph record that got stuck. But
you do have to mai nta in and sustain
your physical ana tomy to keep on exist-
ing, and even then you are aging and
degenerating every day and every year.
In fact the most certain thing in "this
existence we-call "life" is that thi s ma-
chin e process is going to run down -
YOUAREGOINGTODIE.
Actually, we have to simply keep
pumping life into ourselves constantly to
continue existing - 'to continue con-
sciousness.
Yet most people keep on, day after
day, year after year, pumping that exis-
tence into them selves, with NO MORE
PURPOSE than to try to be comfort able,
free from pain, and to be pleasing the
five senses, with their minds on the pass-
ing physical and ma terial things of the
moment - things that are not lasting,
and are soon gone.
Unl ess God' s own CHARACTER is
. being formed and developed in your
mind and your life, repla cing the carn al-
ity that is there now, you shall have
missed your GOAL. Go d's PURPOSEis to
CREATE within you, during thi s life, a
new and perfe ct CHARACTER, so that you
may be gi ve n eternal life - sel f-
cont aining, inherent life.
If you are converted - that is, if you
do once establi sh actual contact with
David Price: Sydney: Don Abraham: Washington.
D.C.: Hen ry Sturcke
Auckland: Grae mme Mars ha ll:
Bonn: Wolfgang Thomsen: Johann esburg: Rebert
Fahey; Mani la: Colin Adair; vancouver ; Dean
Wilson
EditiJ!S: Jeft' Calkins. Robert
Ron Hce wen. Boan Knowles. Gerhard Marx. Adb
Muhtadi, Carole Ritter, George Riner. Don Sceroe-
der.J ohn R. Schroeder. Keilh Sl utl'ip
GrryMia: Art: John Dunn . MoniCWolvertOn.. Garry
Ron Lcpeska. Olr)' Richardson;
phy: David Conn. Alfred Hennis. Phil Steven, .
WarTen Watson: Photo AI Lc:iler
.
CireullltiOll Uniled Benjl min
Chapman: International Editions: Leslie MlCul10ugh
Go d - He superna turally puts within
you His HOLY SPIRIT. Thi s impregnat es
you with HIS LIFE- begets you as His
child, ac\ually yet unborn. Actually,
what many professing 'Christians call
"being born aga in" should be termed
"b eing begotten."
Techn ically, to be "born of God"
means to be changed in composition
from flesh and blood mailer to SPIRIT-
no longer mort al. no longer human: sur'
it does put within you a NEW NATURE.
enti rely opposite to HUMAN NATURE.
You are, as Scripture says, given "ex-
ceeding great and precious promi ses;
that by these ye might be PARTAKERS OF
THE DIVINE NATURE" (II Peter 1:4). Of
course the old human nature remains;
and yo ur mind makes the cont inual deci - -
sions whether to yield to the downward
pull , appetites, and established habits of
human nature or to resist it by yielding
to the new divine nature - to BELED BY
GOD' SHOLY SPIRIT.
This, then, BECOMES yo ur very life!
You can only succeed if your GOAL is
kept consta ntly - continua lly - before
your eyes. When you drive a car, if you
take your eyes and allention off what is
in front of you (and sometimes com-
ing from the side or behind) even for
two or thr ee seconds, you may find your-
self "coming to" in a hospital , dying,
and saying, ..It all happened so sud-
denly !" Driving carefully means BEING_
ALERT, being DILIGENT every second ,
KEEPING YOUR EYE, mind, and attention
Vol ume XLI No.3
on the matter of DRIVING, not on con-
versat ion or other things.
In the same manner, if you let other
interests or material pur suits steal first
place in your mind, heart, and interest,
you are putting yourself in danger of a .
SPIRITUAL SMASHUP that could rob you
of eterna l life.
Th at 's why God doesn't want you to
have these other gods BEFORE Hi m. For
your own sake - in your own interest -
you must keep Him enthroned and en-
shrined constantly ABOVE ALL. You must .
study HIS WORD in orde r to be in-
structed by Him.
Instru cted in what ? Instru cted in true
KNOWLEDGE - knowledge of God's
PURPOSE for you, . knowledge of and
about GOD, and knowledge of HOWTO
LIVE. Jesus Christ sai d you must actua lly
LIVE BY the words of the Bible. It is your
GUIDE TO LIVING - your INSTRUCTION
BOOK the Maker send along to 'instruct
you HOW to OPERATE this mechanism
that is you. .
Moreover, you must study your BIBLE
- to find what you now believe that is
wron g and what you are now DOING
that is wrong - to be CORRECTED and
reproved by it. .
You must st udy the Bible to let it
INSTRUCT you in the ways of God's
RIGHTEOUSNESS - His WAY OFLIFE. And
then you must devote yourself to LIVING
IT!
Still, without regul ar and constant
(Conti nued on page 11)
Circulation: 3,042,810
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7
'IIICTloN'11i - OolS IT MAil
ANY OlfflRINCI WHO WINS?
3
MAJOR SHIFTS ON THE
WORLD SCENE
In two vital world arenas - Asia' Minor and the Far
East - major diplomatic reshufflings are under-
way which could have significant worldwide
implications. '
3
GREECE TO BECOME
NUMBER TEN?
In a surprise move, the European Economic'Com-
munity has decided to begin negotiations which
may br ing Greece into the trade bl oc as its tenth
member.
5
THE BAHAMAS - A FRIENDLY
NEIGHBOR IN THE CARIBBEAN
History, culture, and modern-day economics tie
this mutti-lsland nation close to the United States.
Read this special report by Clarence S. Bass.
WILL CHANGING WEATHER
BRING MASS FAMINES?
Ominous changes in world weather patterns may
threaten the food supply 9f hundreds of millions
worldwide! Part 3 of our "Human Survival " series .
12
LEBANON'S TRAGIC ' DEMISE ,
The crisis in Lebanon has reminded the world of
the ever-present dangers in the explosive Middle
East.
12
ORCHIDS AND ONIONS
Our readers comment on the size of Lake Baikal
and the perennially favor ite topic of Women's Lib
(yawn).
14
AMERICA'S TWO CHOICES ,
Editor Garner Ted Armstrong explains the only
two ways the United States can maintain its free-
doms and way of life.
15
~ ?
--
RADIOlTV LOG
Our rapidly expanding log of radio stations may
now include a station In your area.
2
------
by Jell Calkins and Henry Sturcke
The race is on . With primary ballots
counted in places like Dixville Notch. New
Hampshire ( pop. 29) , the public flurry of
choosing a pres ident. lasting until next
January 20, Inauguration Day. nas be-
gun.
For most of us, interest in the campaign
beg ins with the televised images of
tanned men in ski parkas or overcoats
t ramping through the New Hampshire
snows during the first of some thirty pri-
maries to be held this year. But any serf-
aus effort for the job began months and
even -years ago , as men began qu iet ly
testing and lining up support among the
op inion makers, power brokers, and po-
tential financial backers in our soc iety.
Between any hopeful, then, who meets
the simple qualifications called for by the
Constitution and that desk in the Oval
Office lies a gauntlet of fund-raising,
caucuses, primaries, conventions, con-
tinuous press scrutiny, and the election in
November, followed by the ant i-climactic
sitting of the Electoral College.
The entire system resembles some of
Charles Darwin's theories. As the late
. Adlai Stevenson once remarked: " Vi ctory -:
goes to the last. survivor. "
Turned 011Eleclorate
In November the voters will be asked to
choose one of two men , each the suc-
cessful contender for the nomination of a
major party. Each will have made a career
of politics at a time when opinion polls
have found tha t politicans rank below
garbage collectors in public esteem.
The big cliche this season is that the
American electorate is turned off and
cyn ical , that they no longer trust "gov
ernment " to solve the big problems con-
fronting the nation and the world.
A Harris Survey reports that:
- 66% of American adults polled do
not foresee lasting peace i n their lifeti me.
. - "65% see no end to -racial and reli-
gious discrimination.
- 53% say not everyone can live in a
clean environment.
- 51% doubt that starvation can be
eliminated in their lifetime.
- 53% do not think that wars can be
avoided.
The poll suggests a " new realism" on
the part of the American people, "this is
really so, then there is hope Americans
will come to see that ' the major issues
which have always faced man throughout
the centuries - war, discrimination,"star-
vation, as well as the relatively modern
one of pollution - aren 't going to be
"solved" by man - because of his very
nature. The truth is, collective human na-
ture keeps man from achieving the uto -
pias traditionally promised by
professional pollticians. .
It took an ex-Jes uit seminarian , Oalltor-
nia's governor Jerry Brown, to articulate
the pr oblem: " A lot of intractable prob-
lems are bei ng seen as just that - intract-
able." He adds: " The idea' that you can
buyout of unemployment, pollution, and
world responsibility on the cheap just
isn' t so:'
Hopes and Promises Dashed on the
Rocks of Reality
Nowhere can the futili ty of political man
be seen more clearly than when a candi-
date who has a clear idea of wha t he
wants to do finds his goals frustrated
once he is elected to office. Two major
examples come to mind.
John Kennedy came to off ice as a lib-
eral optimist with a clear set of programs
in his mind by which he hoped to trans-
form the United States into a more decent
society fundamentally and transform the
world into a safer, more humane place for
all of its inhabi tants.
Not only did Mr , Kennedy not succeed
in pushing his programs past a Congress
dom inated by his own party, but later ,
after his successor Lyndon Johnson had
maneuvered the Kennedy pr ograms
through Congress under the Great so-
ci ety label , the programs were sub-
sequently acknowledged as failures - by
such liberal democrats as Mr . Brown.
Mr. Kennedy's hopes for world im
provement wereaashed--on--the--rocks of
reality by the policieso f the Sovi et Un ion--
and the immense prob lems of the devet-
oping countries. Even today, the mos t ar-
dent proponents of foreign aid such as
Sweden's Gunnar Myrdal label the ideal-
istic aid programs of the early 1960s as
abysmal failures.
On the other side of the political spec-
trum, Ronald Reagan began his term as
California's governor in 1966 with a cl ear
vision of what he wanted to do . Mr . Rea-
gan 's "Creative Society" proposed to roll
back the power of government from the
ind ividual "and liberate the constructive
energies of the "pnvate sector."
After eight years of governorship, taxes
had gone up, California's state budget
had doubled, and there was no actual
reduction in the state bureaucracy. Mr .
Reagan was largely "prevented from im-
plementing his visio n of government by a
state legislature dominated by the oppo-
sition party, by the inherent momentum of
bureaucracy itself, and by " cent ri f ugal
. force" which limits the actions of any
elected executive to those initiatives for
which he can rally majority support.
In"the end , Mr . Reagan's "Creative So-
ciety" solved no more real problems than
the Kennedy-Johnson " Great Society ." .
-, The issues are Ultimately theological.
' The Bible doesn't state that Chr ist's re-
turn is going to come about because he
wants to visit the utopia down here that
man has ' created - rather the opposite.
Christ comes back at a moment when
man is about to blow himself off the earth .
Christ comes back to establish the millen-
nium that man couldn't bring about by
himself.
The truth is that no matter who i ~
elected president, all won't be well as
long as human beings with human nature
do the governing, And all won't be well
untlt someone who transcends human
nature takes control of man's affairs. That
.. ..candidate.. and ultimate victor is Jesus
Christ. 0
MARCH 1976

MAJORSHifTS oNTHI WORlD selNI
SHORT-LIVED SMILES. Soviet Foreign Minister Gromyko, right, and
Japanese Prime Minister Miki chat amicably in mid-January - just
days prio.' to Japan's decisi on to conclude a peace treaty with Chins .
navalstrength in the Pacific. the
eco nomic devel opment of Si-
beria, and Brezhnev's prop osed
security pact for all of Asia have
signa led to the Jap ane se that
. the Soviets have hopes of push- .
ing their influence eastward.
Another reason why the Jap-
anese have turned away from
Moscow and now look to Pe-
king is the refusal on the part of
the U.S.S.R. to return a number
of for me r Jap anese isl ands
which came under its control as
part of the Yalta agre ement af-
tei World War II. (Ironically,
the czar had officially repu -
di ated any Russi an claim on the
islands years befor e.) The Rus-
sians insisted frorri the begi n-
ni ng that ret urn of the island s
was " nonnegotiable.' Two ex-
ce pt ions we r e held out : If
Tokyo would sign wi th the Rus-
sians and remove American
bases from the Japanese -main-
land, then the Soviets would
give back two of the lesser,
nonstrat egic islands which the
Japanese claim. The Japanese
ga ve thi s ill-disguised att empt
to reduce American influence in
Asia a cool recepti on.
Another probl em for the Rus-
sians was their own diplomacy.
The Japanese complained that
the Ru ssian diplo ma ts with
whom they had to negoti ate
were awkward, rude. and secre-
tive. Furthermore. even while
the talks were being conducted,
Russian vessels continued to
shoo t at Japanese fishing ships
in the northern Pacific, and
(Cont inued on page 4, col. 5)
Healing Historic Wounds '
TURKEY BOLSTERS TIES
WITH THE SOVIET UNION
ical document on friendly rela-
tions and cooperation" at a
high-level meeting in the near
future. The fina l joi nt commu-
nique noted that the talks were
in the "tradition of friendl y co-
operation est ablished by Kemal
Ataturk and Lenin."
. The communique also said
that Premier Demirel and Turk-
ish President Fahri Koruturk
had accepted invitations to visit
Moscow.
At home, however, Premier
Dernirel remain s as adamantly
oppos ed to domestic commu-
nism as ever. And as the Soviet
Unio n st ill suppo rts exiled
Turkish communists, Demirel is
still 'suspicious of the Kremlin's
ult imate designs on Tur key.
Some Turks feel the Soviet
Union's objective - dominance
and, if possi ble, control over the
Bosporus-D ardanell es water-
way - has not changed, only
her tactics for achieving it. They
believe the Kremlin is trying to
(Continued on page 4, col. 2)
pected to last for some time.
perhaps two or three years.
There are a number of eco-
nom ic probl ems to be over-
come, such as a relatively weak
industrial base in Greece and
the fact that a large segment of
the popul ati on is still involved
in agriculture . Ne vertheless, the
decision made her e yeste rday
underlined the general feeling
that despite the economic prob-
lems, the political factor is more
important. As Council of Minis-
. ters President, Gaston Thorn,
said: " Politically they'll come in
when they want ; economically
they'll come in when they can.' ;
For years , Plain Truth has
warned its readers that, based
on biblical pr op hecy, the re
would arise an end-time, ten-
nation union in Europe which
would eventually become a new
superpower to cha llenge bot h
the United States and the Soviet
Union. Th e new decision re-
gardi ng Greece could be a sig-
nificant move in such a -
development. 0
BRUSS ELS: Negotiations to
make Greece the tenth member
of the European Econ omi c
Community should start as soon
as possible. This was the deci-
sio n made here in Brussels,
t he nigh t of February 9, by
the nine foreign mini sters of
th e Eu r opean Community .
Their deci si on overrides the
recommendation last month by
the European' Commission that
Greece should und ergo a pro-
longed per iod of st ructura l
change befor e being admi tted
to the Europe of Nine .
Greece first applied for mem-
bership to the Community last
yea r after shaking off its mili-
tary dictat orship in 1974.
During the next few months,
the commi ttee ofpermanent rep-
resentativesof the nine nations in
Brussel s will work out a negoti at-
ing mandate which will then be
approved by the Council of Min-
isters. Thi s is expected by Eu-
rope'ssummervacation thi s year .
after whi ch time formal negotia-
tion s will begin . They are ex-
Following some two decades
of Cold War confrontat ion,
Tu rkey and the Soviet 'Union
began reest abl ishing contacts in
the late 1960s.Various devel-
opment proj ecis were initi at ed,
including the large Iskenderun
iron and steel combine and an
aluminum factory at Seydisehir,
north of the Taurus mountains.
In 1975, the Soviet Union
backed Turkey in its confrontation
with Gree ce overCyprus, fearing
Greek cont rol oft he island would
turn it into a possible NATO
"aircraft carrier."
Now, with problems in its re-
lations wit h the United States
and Western Europe (where
Turkey is an associate member
of the EEC) , Ankara appea rs to
be finalizing the process of rec- .
onciliation with the Soviets.
In December, Soviet Premier
Alexei Kosygin pa id a 4-day
visit to the Tur kish capital at Tur-
key's invitation. The meeting
resulted in a promi se that the
two nati ons would sign a "polit-
Common Market GreenLiaht
GREECE TO BECOME
NU BER TEN?
. Uncertainty in its relations'
with the West is moving Turkey
toward friendlier ties with its
long-time adve rsary, the Soviet
Union.
As a result of the sudden u.s.
arms .embargo levied against
Turkey last year, Turkish offi-
cials no longer feel they can be
assured of support from thei r
distant American allies in the
event of any futur e ' military
confrontation with the U.S.S.R.
Taking a cue from the U.S.,
they have therefore begun en-
gag ing in a bit of their own de-
tente-making in an attempt to
eas e tensions with their giant
neighbor to the north. ,
Congress cut off arms aid to
Turkey in February 1975 when
Ankara used American weapons in
its invas ion of Cyprus. This was a
sha rp. blow ' to the prima rily
American-equipped Turk ish
army. In retaliation, Turkey
closed " own some 26 U.S. bases
in the country last July , including'
sensitive U.S. listenin g posts
wh ich eav esdropped on the
southern Soviet Union.
Altho ugh the U.S. ban on
arms shipments was relaxed last
October, Turkey has failed to
reopen the bases . It is generally
believed it will not do so until
Co ngress promi ses mili tary
gran ts and credits to Turkey for
1976, which thus far has not
.been done .
Hi'tory of Antagonism
Turkey and the Soviet Union,
who share a 380-mile frontier,
possess a centuries-long history
of confrontation and war. It was
not until 1923 that Kemal Ata-
turk - whose revolt in that year
had founded the Turkish Re-
public on the ashes of the Ott o-
man Empire - and Vladimir
Lenin signed a treaty of friend,
shi p and nonaggression.
But following World War II ,
th e Kremlin denounced the
pact and Stalin demanded terri-
tor ial concessions in eastern
Turkey, and even more impor-
tant , a Soviet base on the Dar -
danelles - part of that narr ow
passageway which provid es the
Soviet navy with its only outlet
from the Black Sea into the
strategic Mediterrane an.
As a result of those Soviet
pressures, Turkey moved into
the Western camp and , in 1952,
became a membe r o f th e
NATO alliance.
Moscow Rebuffed
JAPAN AND CHINA r
, FORGE CLOSER LINKS

r pressure from the Sovie t Union,
I' Ja pa n decided in mid-January
of this year to finally concl ude a
peace treaty with Russia's arch-
rival China, formally ending
World War II, The move heralds
a much closer relationship be-
tween Ja pan and the Peopl e's
Republic in the years ahead.
The Japane se on the
verge of signi ng a similar pact
wit h the Sovi et Union, but re-
je cted the idea after a heavy-
ha nded last -minu te visit by So-
viet Foreign Minister Andrei
Gromyko . The Ja panese felt
tha t Gromyko's purpose was to
drive a "wedge" between Japan
and Chi na . Ir oni call y, what
Gromyko succeeded in doi ng
was to drive a wedge -betwe en
Ja pan and Russia. The Japa-
nese have now abandoned their
traditiona l "policy ' of equidis-
tance" whereby they tried to
mai nta in equa lly good rel ations
wi th both Moscow and Peking.
The Soviet Union is particu-
larl y irked at a part in the text
of the trea ty which binds both
Japan and Chi na to resist any
att empt on the par t of a third
na tion (meani ng, Obviously, the
Russia ns) to achieve " hege-
mony" (or domination) in Asia.
This means that both Jap an and
China are now on record as op-
posing Sovi et expansion in Asia
and the Pacific.
And there are sev eral in-
dica tions that the Soviet Union
indeed does have such plans.
Continuing pressure on the Chi-
nese border, increased Soviet
MARCH 1976

Excerpts from the Tindemans Report
New Report Forms
"BuildingBlock"
lor United Europe
by Ray Kosa nke
BRUSSELS : "Eu r o p e is
threatened. Europe is divided,
a nd the greatest danger comes
from her divisions. The hour
has come to take action com-
mensurate with the danger. . _.
We can tomo rrow build the
greatest political formation and
the greatest economic unit our
age has seen. Never will the his-
tory of the world have known so
powerful a gathering of free
men : '
Tomorrow has come and Eu-
rope is building. This is the
message from European leade rs
across the polit ical spectrum in
th is first quarter of 1976. Th e
above quote was first made in
the Hag ue in 1948 at the Con-
gre ss of Europe that year. It was
ci ted in early February this year
by the man whom the nine
heads of gove rnment of the Eu-
ropean Economic Community
chose to form ulate a futurist ic
report on j ust how Eu rope
should go about the process of
union.
Th e ma n, Be lg ia n Prime
Mini s ter Leo Tinde mans ,
presented his final dra ft in Jan-
uary of this year after spending
all of 1975 in Euro pe-wide con-
sultations. His report is now
being used as the basic buil ding
block from which debates. dis-
cussions, and future planni ng
are being la unched.
The wide ranging doc umen t
(see accompanying box for ex-
cerpts) calls for harmonizat ion
of existing na tional policies on a
broad sca le - from crea tion of a
European ar maments agency
and a common energy policy to
a wide range of socia l reforms.
It represents a quest for com-
mon ground among European
nat ions which ha ve historically
torn each other apart on the
battlefield.
Brandt to Run for Eur ope's
"Super Pa rliamen t"
European reaction to the Tin -
de mans' report runs the gamut
from "excellent ," "pragmatic ."
"workmanlike," and "worth dis-
cussing" to " incomplete ," "to o
conservati ve," "just ano ther re-
port." a nd "a plan [which will]
ju st create con flict."
In spite of such critici sm. the
European Movement - which
ha s long sought Euro pea n uni-
fica tion under such leader s as
Adenauer, Churchill. Schuman.
Spaak, Monnet . an d Jean Rey
- seized on the Tindernans' re-
port in February of this year at
its Council of Euro pe meeti ng
in Br ussels to promote Tin-
demans' efforts and to add bot h
a timet able and a procedure for
acco mplis hing Euro pea n union
over the years a head .
The po li tica l basi s for a
uni ted Europe was given major
impet us at the February meet-
ing when for mer Wes t German
Chancellor Wi lly Brandt an -
nou nced his candidacy for the
Leo Tindemans, 53-year-old
pri me minister of Belgium for
the last two years, was commis-
sioned by the other heads ofgov-
ernment of the European
Common Market to prepare
single-handedly the latest study
and recommendations on the fu-
ture of European unity.
The {allowing are the principal
conclus ions and recommenda-
tions advanced by Mr . Tin-
demans on Jan uary 7, 1976 in
his 41-page report entitled "Eu -
ropean Union: Report 10 the Eu-
ropean Council. ..
Europe's Vulnera bility
"During my visi ts (around
Europe preparing the report] I
was str uck by the widespread
fee ling that we are vulnerable
and powe rless. This is a new
exper ience for our peopl es in
recent history... . Wh at weight
do isola ted voices have unl ess
they arc those of th e super-
powers?"
Why Europe Mus t Unite
"For thir ty years the relative
weight and influence of our
sta tes in the world have been
continua lly reduced.. .. Both
internally and exte rnally. the
room for man euver of the indi-
vid ua l sta tes has dec reas ed.
TURKEY
(Continued (rom page 3)
woo Tu rkey away from the
West . a nd if not into the Eas t-
ern camp, at least to a state of
neutrali ty or "Finlandizat ion."
Economic s also plays a sig-
ni ficant pa rt in Turke y's super-
power ba lancing act. With a
ba lanc e of pay me nts deficit of
some thr ee billi on do llars, Tur-
key desperately needs cash -
from wha tever source.
" I will do wha t is in my inter-
Europea n Par liament whe n it
hol ds its first-eve r Europe-wide
pop ular elect ion two years from
now. (Delegates are presen tly
appointed by the governments
of the ni ne member nat ions.)
An Indep endent Military
Rat her startling. the Euro-
pean Moveme nt's dra ft declara-
tion stated that t he act ion
prop osed by the Belgian pr ime
minister relating to the for ma-
tion of a commo n foreign policy
and a European defense effor t
"must be decid ed an d imp le-
mented as ea rly as 1976."
Whil e such an ach ievement is
ha rdly a poss ibility this year un-
less Euro pe is suddenly and
dr am at ically threatene d from
wit hout, steps are bei ng taken
which wi ll see Europe wit h an
incr easi ngly inde pen dent de-
"The const ruc tion of Europe
is the only all-i nclusi ve answer
to this cha llenge. . It is the
only an swer whi ch seeks every-
where to rega in some of the
contro l and power which is slip-
pi ng from us, and to ena ble us
to build the socie ty in which we
wa nt to live.
At a time when unemptoy-
ment an d inflati on are ram pan t
in a ll our countries, where
eve ryone q uestio ns the ca uses
of the weakness of our eco-
no mic an d poli tical struc tures,
and when the prosper ity of Eu-
rop e dep end s on factor s outside
our control, the European effort
mu st . . . sha pe a more ju st so-
cie ty in which our common val-
ues are observed so that we ca n
make our voice heard in the
world with the powe r of our
un ion be hind it."
Relations With Amer ica
"The need for Europe to
spea k with one voice in its rela-
tions with the Uni ted State s is
one of the unde rlying reaso ns
for the constr uction of Europe.
A co ns t r uct ive d ialogue be-
tween the European union, con-
scious of its identity. and the
leading West ern polit ical , eco-
nom ic, and military power , is
necessary without delay."
es ts,' Dem irel asser ted recentl y.
" Is it on ly th e United States, the
Europea n Invest men t Bank, the
World Bank? No. Why be satis-
fied wit h the littl e they give?"
The Sov iets have re ce nt ly
pledged over one billion doll ars
wort h of credi ts to Turkey .
St ra tegic Real Estate
Though Turkey insists that
friendlier relations with the Soviet
Union will not serio usly affect
relat ions with the United Sta tes,
her cur rent reassessment of rela -
fense st r uc t u r e wi t h every
mon th that passes.
An " Independent European
Group" has just been estab-
lished at a meeting in Rome of the
ten European NATO coun tries
p lus Fra nce . " Wi t ho u t
int erfering in nationa l responsi-
bilities." the gro up is sup posed to
harmonize na tional ar ms eq uip-
me nt plans. reac h agreements on
joi nt military proje cts, and elimi-
nate ove rla ppi ng in the produc-
tion of Euro pea n armaments.
Wh ile simila r effor ts are
being ma de within the official
NATO st ruct ure as well, this
Euro pea n gro up has bee n set up
to be inde pendent of NATO
and of the United Sta tes - pri-
marily to allow France to get in
on the ac t of a European de-
fense effort. At presen t, internal
French polit ics have ma de any
Major Work Yet to Be Done
"E uro pea n un ion will not be
complete until it has drawn up a
common de fense poli cy."
" T her e is [p re s entl y] no
agree me nt on how to achieve a
common economic an d mone-
ta ry policy, nor is there even
any sustained discussion of the
subject. And yet this is a basic
requirement for achieving a Eu-
ro pea n union."
No Progr ess Without
Will to Act
"The belie f tha t the uni on is
vita l and necessary will enable
us to ove rcome conflicts of in-
terest and di ffere nces of opi n-
ion. Onl y the will to ach ieve
union ca n give the necessa ry
po wer s to th e co m mo n in -
st itut ions. Without th is politi cal
kiss of life the institutions of the
un ion wi ll a lways lack sub-
stance and for ce,"
If Europe Doesn't Unite
"What price would we pay for
inac tion? The crum bling away of
the Community, voices isolated
an d ofte n going unh eard in the
the ater of the world, increasingly
less control over our des tiny, an
un convincing Europe withou t a
future ." 0
tions wit h Washi ngt on may por-
tend om inously for the futu re.
Silt in g as tri de one of the
wo rld' s most strategic water-
ways , which way Tu rkey lea ns
in the future could be a cri tical
factor both in East-West rela-
tions and big power dip lomacy
in the broad scope of Middl e
Eas t affa irs.
In any case. most observers
feel that in the afte rma th of last
yea r's ar ms embargo. relat ions
be tween Tu rkey and the U.S.
will never be the same. 0
such moves within NATO or in
conj uncti on with the Ame ricans
impossi ble. The l EG is tryi ng to
get around this obs tacle .
Even as the l EG was being
set up at the Rome meeti ng,
back in Brussels Belgian De-
fe nse Minist er Pau l Vanden
Boeynan ts ca me out wit h a
speech clearly designed to pro-
mot e European mil itary unity
while moving away fro m depen-
de nce on the United Sta tes for
mi litary securi ty:
"E urope ca n no longer satisfy
itself by trustin g the Ame ri-
ca ns.. . . What will become of
us if the United Stat es' nucl ear
urn bre lla were to disappear to-
morrow? We ' d be i n r e al
trouble. Europe must unite not
on ly poli tically but a lso mi lita-
rily. It is a necessity for our
sec ur ity." 0
JAPAN AND CHINA
(Continued (rom page 3)
Russian aircraft conti nued to fiy
ove r remo te areas of Japanese
territory.
The upshot of all this is that
the era of J apan's tradi tiona l
"soft line" toward the Soviet
Unio n appears to be ove r. In its
place must come much friend-
lier con tac ts wit h Peking.
The origins of Japan's bett er
relations hi p with Ch ina bega n
in 1972 with President Nixon 's
famed tri p to Peking. After that
time. the Japanese followed the
Ame rican lead of both "de-
tente" with the Soviet Union
and close r ties to th e Peopl e's
Rep ublic of China. But Japa-
nese relations imp roved muc h
mor e rapidly wi th Chi na than
they did wi th Russia .
Then ca me the discovery of
oil in Chi na . Con trasted wit h
the froze n was tes of Siberia,
Chi nese oil is rela tively easy to
extract. The J ap ane se have only
been too eager to sell sop his-
tica ted dr illing equ ipment to
China and hope to some day tap
th e mainland as a source of oil.
Japanese -Chi nese trade has
boo med during the past several
years. Last yea r the Japanese
sold over $2.5 billion in ind us-
tria l hard war e to th e Peopl e' s
Rep ublic. making China Ja-
pan's best Asia n customer.
Japanese Pri me Mi nister
Ta keo Miki is known to favor
st rengthened ties to China . In
fac t, as a yo ung polit ician in the
1930's, Mi ki active ly opposed
Ja pa n's attack on China at a
time when such a stand made
him liabl e to assass ination.
In a wor ld where the big
power alliances are constantly
fluid and the geopolitica l winds
of cha nge arc continually blow-
ing, the prospect of findi ng the
two grea t Oriental powers en-
twined in a maj or allia nce is not
at all an unl ikely poss ibility in
the yea rs to come. 0
4 MARCH 1976
==========================pBafinwU'il
oping countries. It establi shed a hotel
corporation and an agricultural corpora-
tion. The hotel corporation manages
three hotels which it purchased in 1974,
, and . the agricultural corporation is re-
sponsible for dairy and farming interest -
purchased in 1975.
Hope for a Better Year in 1976
In his radio interview, Mr. Pindling
expressed hope that 1976 would be bet-
ter because of the economic improve.
ment apparent in North America .' He
explained: "Some more money is being
put into circulation-and surplus money
anywhere in the pocket of the traveler
will mean a few more tourists for our-
selves." Mr. Pindling also pointed out
that three or four years of active promo-
tion of the Bahamas in European mar -
kets have begun to payoff.
During 'the first few months of 1976,
the Bahamas has prospered from a reso-
lution approved by the United Nations
General Assembly the resolution
equating "Zionism with racism." When
tho usands of Jewish tourists cancelled
their reservations in countries which
voted for the General Assembly's biased
resolution, the Bahamas -' which voted
against the resolution - benefited on the
rebound.
FinanciaJ Ceeter
Although tourism is still the major in-
_dustry (1,380,600 visitors in 1975), the
Bahamas has long been developing as _
"an importani financial center. Each day,
several million dollars circulate by way
of currency exchanges . investments. and .
trading in stocks and gold bars .
An important factorin this development is
the long history of political stability under
British rule. BUl,perhaps the biggest
single factor contributing to the recent
blossoming of the Bahamas as a financial
center is the absence of government-im-
posed corporate and per sonal income tax.
- Taking advantage of this rare "tax
haven," many ofthe world' s largest banks
and trust companies have established
themselves on the islands . At present,
there are about 300such instituti ons oper
ating in the Bahamas.
However , outstanding progress in the
areas of tourism and international fi-
nance does not preclude the need for the
government to develop a viable eco-
nomi c self-reliance by expanding and
diversifying its economy .
The government has already started
to develop such industries as oil refining,
terminaling, cement man ufacturing. and
several light industries. Established in-
dustries include cement making and oil -
refining. The Bahamas Cement Com-
pany, a subsidiary of U.S. Steel Corpo-
ration, located at Freeport, Grand
Bahama, produces five millions -barrels
of cement a year. Bahamas Oil Refining
Company produces up to 500,000 bar-
rels of oil daily. Much of this is sent to
the United States to be used in indus-
trial furnaces and power plants.
No Th reat of Nationa-Iization
As is 'customary in developing coun- '
tries which have to attract foreign indus-
try, the Bahamas government has
passed legislation making the country
attractive to foreign investment. Accord-
ing to this legislation, "anyone who
as a transfer point for munitions and
medical supplies being run through the
Northern blockade of Confederate
ports . Cotton from-the South was the
main commodity of exchange.
Again , during the Prohibition era in
the United States , the Bahamas pros-
pered from their proximity to the main-
land. This time they served .as a liquor
supply poi nt for American rum-runners.
Today, the prosperity of the Bahamas
seems very much dependent on the
thousands of U.S. tourists who visit Ba-
hamas vacation spots each year. In fact ,
tourism is the largest sector of the Baha-
_mian economy.
The Bahamian economy is intric ately
tied to the , U.S. economy, and hence
inflation in the U.S. has caused eco-
nomic difficulties in the Bahamas. This
is not to say that the only outside pres-
sures on the economy came from the
United States. The skyrocketing world
price for oil, for example, played a sig-
nificant inflationary role. "
In his discussion of the year 1975
Prime Minister Pindling on a radio pro-
gram in Nassau entitled "Mary's Note-
book, " said that the economy "was in as
great a difficulty as it had been in twenty
years." In an effort to try to counteract
the declini ng economy, the government
took two steps which are increasingly
popular among of devel-
PRIME MINtSTER of the Commonwealth of the Bahama Islands, Lynden O. Pindli ng
the Queen" and the black, aquamarine,
and gold banner of the Commonwealth
of the Bahamas was boisted on the illu-
minated flagpole while the Royal Police
Band played the new national anthem.
Since then Bahamians have had the
opportunity to learn that real indepen-
dence must come from hard . selfless
teamwork if the nation is to grow and
prosper.
Fortunately, the politica l revolution
which led to Bahamian independence
was bloodless. An economic revolution
is presently under way, and, so far, it has
also been free from vio lent con-
frontation. This is the way Prime Minis-
ter Lynden O. Pindling would like to see
it ' remain. Mr. Pindling said: "The only
guarantee [of nonvio lence] we have is to
be ahead of the times, to keep just ahead-
of the problems and to effect appro-
priate solutions." .
Historical Association with the
United Slates
From the time that the American col-
onies won their independence in 1776.
the Bahamas has seemed predestined to
be economically associated with the ,
American nation. As the United States
grew in power and stature, that associa-
tion grew also.
The American Civil War brought
prosperity to the Bahamas which served '
During the week ofFebruary 18-23, Plain
Truth Editor-in-Chief Herbert W. Arm-
strong conducted a series of public lec-
tures in Nassau, Commonwealth of the
Bahama Islands. Hundreds of interested
Bahamian Plain Truth readers were in
attendance.
In conjunction with his personal af-
pearance in the islands. Mr. Armstrong
felt that the worldwide readershipofPlain
Truth wouldfind this up-to-date report on -
conditions in the Bahamas interesting: It
was written by Clarence S. Bass. Plain
Truth correspondent residing in San
Juan, Puerto Rico, who frequently visits
the Bahamas.
t
ing just' east and, southeast of south-
ern Florida are seven hundred is-
lands and cays known as the
Bahamas. Some thirt y of these islands
are inhabited. With a history of three
hundred years of former British rule. :
they represent the third oldest parlia-
mentary democracy in the western hem-
isphere - after Bermuda and Barbados.
When Columbus first landed on the
small island which he named San Salva-
dor (also known as Watlin's Island) on
October 12, 1492, he found a tribe of THE
people called Arawaks, whom he named -
"Indians," because he thought he had '
reached the East Indies . _The Arawaks -
l , B-
'1M N 'H -
, , peaceful Arawaks and used them m ' _ ' _
, ,their search for gold. Arawaks died by A' FRIENOny NEI'GHSO-R' IN
the thousands m the mmes of Hispanola L '
and Cuba. Later, when the Arawaks -THE CARISS-EAN-
proved too , frail for the backbreaking -
work, African slaves replaced them. - ' 'f "
Today, descendants of African slaves by"Clarence S. Bass -
are the major racial group of the 200,000
people living on the islands .
From the 1520's many English na-
vigators became familiar with the Baha-
mas and their strategic potential for
control of the sea lanes in the general
area. By the 1600s the British were well
established and were determined to
make the Bahamas a colony. The first
permanent settlement in the Bahamas
was founded by a group of English set-
tlers who came from Bermuda in 1647.
They landed on the island of
in search of religious freedom.
Years of struggle between England,
France, and Spain culminated . with
England being established as the ruling
power by the late 1700s. But all -of these
struggling powers had to reckon with
another force: pirates. The Bahamas
was the home of pirates during the late
17th and early 18th centuries. In 1718,
their power was finally crushed by
Woodes Rogers, the first Royal Governor,
who established orderly government.
From tha t time England continued to
rule the Bahamas until 1964, when in-
ternal self-government was granted. B.,.
coming a commonwealth in 1969, the
Bahamas achieved full independence in
1973.
Tears of j oy streamed down the faces
of many Bahamians at independence
celebrations in Nassau, the capital,
when the Union Jack was lowered for
the lasi time to the strains of "God Save
MARCH 1976

A Young Nation
The Commonwea lth of the Bahamas
is a young nation. Its peopl e ar e young.
mor e than hal f of them being und er 24
years old. It has the youth and vigor
which, if properly harne ssed. can effect
the rea lity of the proud phrase from
thei r nat ional anthem. " Pressing on-
ward. ma rch together. to a commo n. lof-
tier goal . .. ,"
Its government and leaders must con-
tin ue 10 shun the flamboyance so char-
acter istic of some Third World leaders.
They must strive to prevent the polariza-
tion of thoug ht which can cause human
natur e to erupt into des tructive violence
and thus bring down all that countless
yea rs of patience has built.
These things can be accomplished by
all Bahamians working together. cooper
ati ng and pressi ng onwar d, bui lding a
better Bahamas. 0
be concerned, as would (he American
people. if the Bahamas beca me aligned
to a ny extent with Cuba. However. one
must remember that from the poi nt of
view of the government of the Bah amas.
it would not be wise to be unfriendly to
Cuba merely beca use it is a communist
cou ntry.
The rat ionale of Bahamas being open
to talks with Cuba is this: The Baha mas
has two near neighbors: Cuba a nd the
United States. The best policy is to try to
maint ain friends hip with both . The Mi
ami Herald reporter asked Mr. Ad-
derl ey: " If there have been no practi cal
effects from establishing rela tions with
Cuba, why do so?"
Mr . Adderl ey' s answer was: "Well ,
they are perhaps the closest geogra phi-
cal neighbor to the Bahamas, even
closer than the United States, and we
beli eve it is in our inte rest to be able to
resolve on a friendl y basis a ny little
pr obl ems that arise with immedi ate
neighb ors,"
Education and Taxation
One major domestic problem now
facing the Bahamian government is how
to suppo rt a rapid increase in the num-
ber of pupils enrolled in government
schools. Prior to 197I. free educati on
was provided in government schools as
far as grade 10. At that time the econ-
omy was boomi ng and many jobs were
available for those who left school at the
end of the tenth grade. In 1971, how-
ever. the government extended free edu -
ca tion to inelude grade 12. By then the
economy was beginning to slow down,
and fewer and fewer pupils were drop -
ping out of school at grade 10, becau se
jo bs were not ava ilable. In fact there has
bee n a 54% increase in school enroll -
me nt in government schools duri ng the
last ten years. Enrollment in 1965 was
29,509; in 1974.45.007.
In 1974. Prime Minister Pindl ing.
speaking to bank ers in Nassa u. stated
the government's intention not to impl e-
ment an income lax. He pragmat ically
Sla ted. though. that " roads and hospitals
ha ve to be paid for. wheth er in a tax
ha ven or in an industrial state:' So it
would not be strange if. in the near fu-
ture. the government feels it necessary to
impose some kind of income tax. How
that would affect the country's position
as a finan cial center is not known.
which will culminate in Jul y 4th recep-
tions for U.S. visitors in the Bahamas.
Sevent y-five percent of the Bahamas '
annua l visitor tot al comes from the
United Sta tes. Int eresti ngly, the Baha-
mas is the sevent h lar gest contributor of
visitors to the United States .
But even amo ng brot hers and the best
of friends there a re sometimes dis-
agreements. This is true of the Unit ed
Sta tes and the Bahamas as well. Dur ing
the summer of 1975, discussions be-
tween the m abo ut fishing rights for U.S.
fishe rmen ended in fail ure.
Ano the r area of concern betwee n the
two governments is the future of seve ral
American bases on Andros. Eleuthera.
a nd Gra nd Bah am a. Mr . Adderle y
sta led tha t if an agree men t over the
bases was impossible. the United States
could be asked to give up the bases. The
main difficulty seems to be ove r how
mu ch the United States is willing to pay
per yea r for the use of the bases. A
reliab le source stated that 25 mill ion
doll ars was men tioned by an unnamed
source in the U.S. government. Appa r-
ently this amount is not acceptabl e to
the government of the Bahama s. The
final deci sion as to whether the U.S. will
be asked to give up the bases will de-
pend, according to Mr. Adderley. on
how " reasona ble the United Stat es is:'
" Friendship Toward All - Malicc
Toward None'
In spite of the preceding points of
disagreement, the government of the
Bah amas is in no way hostile toward the
Uni ted St at es. It , 100. seems to have the
policy that the U.S. once had when it
was a yo ung, de vel opin g na tion:
" friendship toward all, malice toward
none."
There are signi ficant ar eas of coopera-
tion bet ween the two governments. For
instance. the Uni ted Stat es is allowed to
maint ain a preflight immigratio n and
customs clea rance facili ty at the Nassau
Intern ational Airpo rt for persons flying
to Miami by commercial ai rlines . Also
the re is coope ration in tracking and a r-
resti ng d rug traffickers.
The U.S. government would naturally

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BAH AMA
F._po" ISLAND BERRY ..
ELEUTHERA
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RAGGfO
C.
Commonw eal t h of
The Bahama
Islands
ter nal Affairs Minister, in a recent inter-
view in the Miami Herald said that the
Bah amas is prepa red to ent er into dis-
cussio ns with the Cas tro regime. The Ba-
hamas gove rnment stipulat ed that such
disc ussions must be in the context of an
event ua l agreement by the Law of the
Sea Confere nce on the "archipelagic
prin ciple ," According to this precept
multi -island states would have sover-
eignty over all waters withi n an area
enclosed by straight lines connecting the
ou ter most parts of all the islands.
Fearin g the political implicat ions of
the governme nt talking wit h Cuba. some
Ba hamians have expressed concern . On
Ja nuary 12, 1976. a front-page editorial
in one of the two dai ly newspa pers in
Nassau ca rried the headlin e "Turning to
Cas /roo,. But the gover nment deni es they
are turni ng to Cuba . The government' s
posi tion seems to be that a littl e talkin g
never hurts anyone , especially when
one's own interests are at stake.
Relations with the
United States
There has also been concern in the
United Slates over U.Si-Bahamian rela-
tions. hut Mr. Adderley affirmed that
the Bahamas has always had close rela-
tions with the United State s: " I suppose
relati ons with the United State s have
been closer culturally and economically
than they were with the United Kin g-
don1 a nd much more so than any other
former Ca ribbean depend ency of the
United Kingdom. Nothing has happened
since independ ence to change that in
any fashion,"
This genui ne friendly feel ing of the
Ba ha mian people for the United States
was illustra ted in the Jun kanoo par ade,
January I , 1976. The Junkanoo pa rade
is adve rt ised by the Mi nistry of Tou rism
as " a ka leidoscope of sound and spec-
tacle combi ni ng a bit of Mar di Gra s.
Mu mmer's Par ade a nd ancient African
tribal rituals," This yea r, the parad e had
a n American Bicentenn ial theme. The
pa rticipa nts wore towering crepe pa per
cos tumes depi cting Amer ican them es.
T he Ba h a ma s gove r n me nt ha s
pla nned a series of Bicent enni al salutes
Sell-sufficiency in Food a Major Goal
During 1976 the government is ex-
pect ing to see some rapid developm ent
of cooperat ives in farming and fishing.
The coope rative method of dev elopment
thrives on the initia tive of the people
joined with assistance from the government
In his radio intervi ew Mr. Pindlin g
also stated tha t the governmen t had
learned some lessons from the years
1974 and 1975. "They taught us." he
said , " tha t we have got to bolster our-
selves aga inst adverse worldwide condi-
tions, an d particularly to do more to
prod uce our own food:'
The Bah amas, not unlike other island
na tions. is especially vulnera ble to the
forces at work in the internat ional ma r-
ket. Mr . PindHng expresse d concern a t
what might happen if there were to be
substantia l increases in oil pr ices or if
the re were to be maj or worldwide
drought. " I feel that if the re were any
su bsta nt ial new increases in oil pri ces,
the economies of most nati ons in the
West would collapse. We here in the
Bah ama s would be ve ry h a rd
pressed . . . ,"
Also. any major instability in the
worl d food situa tion could affect the
Bah amas seriously. accord ing to Mr.
Pindling. "Seve re drou ght that would
force Russia or China again to buy lar ge
quan tities of wheat and com and other
agricultura l prod ucts could have an ef-
fect on the price of rice (a Baham ian
sta ple], sugar. flou r, and things like
that ," Govemment plans call for the Baha-
mas to be self-sufficient in food by 1980.
Mr. Pindling spoke of developing
fishing, and the government plans to ex-
tend loa ns to fishermen to buy or bui ld
boat s. Though the prime minister did
not mention it di rectly. accordi ng to an-
other gover nment source there is at leas t
the possibi lity that the Bahamas may
derive some technica l assistance from
Cuba in deve lopi ng its fishing ind ust ry.
Cuban Help
On the overall issue of relations with
Cuba Mr. Paul Adde rley, Bahamian Ex-
meets with government's approval and
ca n prove they possess the resour ces suc-
cessf ully to develop a ma nufacturing in-
dustry in the Bahamas can import. free
of duty, any ma teria ls a nd machinery
necessary for build ing factories:'
Decla ring its intent ion to encour age
deve lopme nt in industry the Bahamas
Development Corpo ra tion has empha-
sized that the country "will continue to
provide wha t is a mong the best ran ge of
incen tives for the developm ent of pr ivate
enterpr ise anywhere in the world. and
nat ion al izat ion will not be an ins trumen t
of the government's economi c poli cy: '
Manufactu ring companies opera ting
in the Bahamas have a total exemption
from gross profit taxes for fifteen years.
Also, there are no corporate taxes and
no restrictions on repatriation of assets.
Cust oms duti es on tool s and other
equi pment necessary for operating a
manufacturing plant are also waived.
Ca pitalizing on its reputation as a tax
ha ven and also on its economic .and po-
lit ical stabi lity, the Bahamas is hoping to
a tt rac t mor e indu stry to furthe r broaden
its economic base which in the past has
bee n somewha t limited .
6 MARCH 1976
HUMAN
SURVIVAL-
WILL CHANGING,WEATHER BRING
MASS FAMINES?
by Donald D. Schroeder
Ominous changes In world weather
patterns are taking place. Experts
are fearful that major crop failures
within the decade could Imperil
the lives of hundreds of millions
of people.
E
vidence abo unds that the world's
weat her is changing to a less be-
neficent norm. Telltale signs are
everywhere. .
.- In 1975, as in 1972, the Soviet
Uni on suffered devastating crop losses
from an unusually cold winter and be-
low nonnal precipitation in vital grain.
growing areas. Permafrost is moving
south into agricultural land.
L . _ In recent monsoons .have
failed or dropped far less than average
rain in India and pa rts of Chi na. while
Ban gladesh and other nat ions in South-
1 east Asia are frequently clobbered with
I devastating rain sand floods . .:'
L-........,::.,....El)gland' s growingseason has -been -s--
cut almost two weeks since the early
19505.
- Arctic ice and snow cover increased
12% in 1972 and has persisted since.
- Fishermen from Iceland complain
they can' t push as far north as they used
to due to pack ice.
- While the Northern Hemisphere is
showi ng extensive cooling. the 'average
temperature at the equator has risen a
fraction of a degree.
- The Sahara Desert is rapidly
marching south . Drought in six recent
ye ars brought mass devastation and
starvation to sub-Sahara nations.
- The weirdest weather conditions of
the century gouged and soaked Austra-
lia last year . ,
- Wint ers in Am erica's Midwest
breadbask et are getting more severe.
even while other areas of the U.S. have
had rece nt mild winters. Sun shine
reach ing the gro und in the continental
U.S. decre ased 1.3% between 1964 and
1972. In some places summers are a de-
gree or two cooler. winters as much as
four degrees cooler. .
- An unusual shortfall of rain in Cali -
forni a's rich agricultural valleys has
produced fina ncial disaster for many
farmers.
- Weather in many areas of the world
is showing greater seasonal variations of
heat and cold, wetness and dryness.
Earth 's Cooling Trend
Many of the unusual weather changes
have been blamed on a global cooling
trend, particularly in the Northern
Hem isphere. Meteorologists and cli-
mat ologists disagree about the ca use or
duration of the trend. None are fore-
casting a full-scale " Ice Age" soon.
Whether the cooling trend continues or
MARCH 1976
reverses "itself. leading weather officials
almos t universall y agree that more vari-
able and extreme changes in regional tern-
peraturesand rainfall will appear . Th is,
they fear , will upset agricultural produc-
tivity in many areas for much of the
century and jeopardize the world 's abil-
ity to feed itsel f. .
J. Murray Mitchell Jr., of the U.S.
National Atmospheric and Oceanic Ad-
mini stration, 'reflects a growing con-
se ns us wh en he sa ys : " Fro m the
agricultural. produ ctivity point of view,
the climate's not going to get better. It
can only. get worse. . . . If there's any-
thing we can be reasonably confident
about in terms of projections of future
climate, it is that the climate of our crop-
growing areas Will , become more vari-
able than it has been in the recent past...
Average global cooling has been less
than a degree over the past 30 years . To
the layman, relatively small changes in
weather can be highly misleading, but in
meteorolog ical terms they are highl y sig-
nificant. Onl y a little more than a degree
decrease in average temperature on the
Canadian or .nort hern U.S. prairies
could result in a 10% decre ase in crop
yield. A slightly greater decline could
Wipe out some crop varieties altoge ther.
..It will not take an apocal ypti c event
such as the onse t of a new ice age to
bring human suffering from famine: '
says Henry Lansford of the National
Center for Atmospheric Research near
Boulder, Colorado. .
" Even if no long-term changes in cli-
mate are forthcoming : ' he says. "the im-
med iate potential appears to be ' deadly
serious. The climate trends that some
scientists are predicting could bring us
to a point of catastrophic conseq uences
between the increasing population and
inadequate food supplies much sooner
than many people expect. "
Modern Farmi ng May Fai l
The world has witnessed a respectable
amount of inclement weather in the past
few decade s. Still, in the overview of
weather history , much of the world and
particularly North America had com-
paratively little variability in weather
and grain production between the mid-
1950s and the early seventies,
As a resul t. almost everyone devel-
oped a dan gerou s att itude that this gen-
erally favorable weather was a more or
less permament featu re.
Ne w seeds. crop varieties, fertilizers,
pesticides, and farming technology were
opt imized to the narrow spectrum of fa-
vorable temperature changes and rain-
fall that prevailed. Th e marr iage" of
favorab le weath er and advanced tech-
nology produced impressive yields -
100% for corn alone. All this could well
fail with a return to more normal -
meaning more adverse and unreliable -
weather conditi ons; .
The U.S. government's leading cli-
matologist , J. Murray Mitchell Jr. , said
the uniformly good U.S. crop-growing
weather of the past 15 years is "almost a
fluke, in a climate that over the longer
run has varied much more than that: '
Reid Bryson, climat ologist at the Un i-
versity of Wisconsin, says the ' favorable
period we have just lived
through "has been the most abnor mal of
the last thousand years." .
James McQui gg. a government cli-
matologist at the University of Missouri,
adds tha t "the probability of getting an-
other 15 consecutive years (as produ c-
tive as the pas t 15 years] is abo ut one in
10,000. "
Early . last year, a Nati onal Academy
of Science s -report said: "We are becom-
ing increas ingly dependent on the stabil-
ity of our present seemingly 'normal'
climate. Our vulnerability to clima tic
change is seen to be all the more serious
- when we 'recognize that our present eli-
. mate is, in fact , highly abnormal and that
we may already be produ cing climati c
changes as the result of our own act ivi- .
ties."
Climate Cha nges a Mystery
What causes the onset of major or
minor climate fluctuations remains
. mostly a mystery. Th e global weathe r
machine is incredibly complex. Weat her
science is still quite young and nebul ous
despi te advances in computers and
, weather satellites.
Weathermen know the sun, atmo-
sphe re, oceans, land surface. cl oud
cover, and man y other factors play im-
portant roles in determining climat e and
weath er patterns, but few of these roles
and their interconne ctions are thor-
oughly understood.
Through core samplings of permanent
snow fields, ocean beds , and tree rings,
as well as study of mankind's various
written records. climatolog ists have been
able to chart numerous cooling and
warming spells_in the earth 's history.
Over all, weather during the past severa l
thousand years has been more agricul-
turally unfavorable than weather in the
first half of the twentieth century .
The period from the sixteenth century
7
- ,
}
;.
HUMAN
SURVIVAL
to ar ou nd 1890 was cha racterized as a
" Litt le Ice Age" with its seve re wi nters
and greater extremes of weath er. From
around the tu rn of thi s century to a p ~
proximat ely 1940 the world entered a
warming spell. In th e Northe rn Hemi -
sphere. part icul arl y. the average tem-
per ature rose. accord ing to one estimate.
almost two degrees Fa hrenheit. Duri ng
this be nefice nt period wor ld po pu lati o n
doubled and modern agricult ure pros-
pered .
No w weat her re sulti ng f rom th e
present cooling tre nd thr eatens to be-
come mor e un reliab le for crop produc-
tion with its greater seasonal va ria tions
in tempe rature and moistur e.
While scientists disagree as to the
ca use or perman ency of the ear th's coo l-
ing. a wea lt h of obse rva t io ns fro m
wea ther satellites and ot her instruments
shows its maj or effect : A gra d ual ex pa n-
sio n in recent yea rs of the cir cumpol ar
vo rte x - the great icy winds that swee p
like a n undul ating skirt a ro und the top
and bott om of the planet. It is fell by
man y wea t hermen th at in recent yea rs
the se expa nd ing winds have pushed vi
ta l mon soon rai ns ou t of their no rma l
pa ths and dumped them elsewhere.
w eather Upsets Cause
a Rude Awakening
It took a series of maj or weat her up -
sets in kcy food -pro du cing a reas of t he
world to j olt fa rme rs a nd wea thermen to
suspect something seriously wrong may be
developi ng in world weat he r pa tte rns.
A co mbina tion ofpoor wea the r co nd i-
tions around the world in 1972 - in
Ind ia. Ru ssia. China. Au st ralia. and Af-
rica - ju st a bo ut wiped o ut wo rld food
reser ves.
In 1974. a n un usua lly wet spring over
much of the U.S. corn bell was followed
by a drought in the Grea t Plain s. Then
ca me a n ea rly frost that redu ced grai n
production at a per iod in hi stor y when
gra in res erves were at a twe nt y- ye ar low.
" I don' t beli eve t he wo rld' s pr esent
populati on is sustaina ble if the re we re
mo re t han th ree yea rs like 1972 in a
row." says Reid Bryson , cl ima tologist at
the Univer si ty of Wiscon sin. He a nd
ot her wea t hermen ar e di sturbed by the
lack of gove rn me ntal conce rn a bo ut
weather tr end s a nd the fai lure to e n-
co ura ge the de velopment of eit he r natu-
ral food reserves or the producti on a nd
di ssemin at ion of mor e endurabl e cro p
va rieties.
Dr ought Already Overdue
Accor ding to leading wea t he r offi -
cia ls. a maj or dr ou ght is already overd ue
in the Ameri ca n G rea t Plains - now the
wo rld's most importa nt breadbasket. A
fe w yea rs ago , Dr . Walter Orr Rob er ts.
di rec to r of the Na tiona l Center for At -
mospheric Resea rch, said : " I pe rson a lly
a m wa tching very intently for a d rou gh t
in the mid-1970s in the high plain s: '
Dr. Rob ert s a nd others say the evi-
dence is pre tty concl usi ve ther e ha ve
bee n at least ei gh t successive dr y peri od s
eas t of the Rockies spaced 20 10 23 years
apart. No one knows why the y occur,
alt hough ther e a re ma ny the ori es. Cli-
ma tologists nearl y a ll ag ree. however .
that a d rou ght in America ' s heartland
would hav e di sast rous effects on t he
world.
Dr . Ir vin g Krick, not ed long- ran ge
weathe r for ecaster . told our research
sta ff: " Now we th ink that the latter half
of the seve nti es will bring more ge ne ra l
drought. extend ing from th e Southwest
up , e ncroachi ng farther north a nd cas t
into the gra in belt s of Kan sas, the corn
a reas of Iowa, Illin ois. a nd so fort h."
Dr. Ste phen H. Schn eider, research
sc ie nt ist a t t he Bo uld er . Co lo rad o.
wea t he r resea rch ce nter , a lso tol d our
in terviewers recently: " I would say tha t
the od ds of hav ing d rought condi tion s in
the seventies a re pr ob ab ly high er th an
they wer e in the sixties without a ny th e-
ory at a ll - j ust beca use we' ve had a
ve ry good stretch in t he last fiftee n yea rs
in t he Uni ted St a tes."
Technology to the Rescue
Ho w ca n mankind meet the threat of
more unfavorable wea t he r?
In an exte nded drought . ma ssi ve irr i-
ga tion is a tempor a ry. not a permanent.
so lution as gro und a nd surface water
resou rces become q uickly d epl et ed .
Lar ge-scal e. a rtificia lly ind uced rain
(use less to begi n wi t h wit hout sufficient
me ist ure-bcar ing clo uds) pot en ti ally ca n
do as much ha rm as good. Incr easing
ra infall in o ne a rea by such meth od s
oft en merely ro bs an ot her a rea of its
vi ta l sha re . if it doesn't cau se ot her
havoc.
With t he ir presen t sta te of incomplete
kn ow ledge. meteorol ogists know they
da re not a tt empt massive interference in
wea t he r o r they co uld t urn a reg iona l
ca la mity int o a wider cat ast rophe. Yet in
the immediat e fu tur e, fa vorable wea the r
and good rain will be even more impor-
tant for human surviva l than mod ern
technology. fertilizers. o r fuel.
Is Mankind He lpless ?
g
Wh y so much adverse wea t her ? Is it ~
all scientifica lly expla ina ble? More im-
portant. is ma nkind tot all y hel pless be-
fo re t he massive a nd co mp lex for ces of
weather? An often for gott en a nd ig-
nor ed source, the Bibl e. reveals t he an-
swer. It is God who ult ima tel y co ntrols
the wea the r.
Weather o pe ra tes accord ing to physi-
ca l a nd che mica l laws. The Creator God
se t th ose laws in motion (Jerem iah
10: 13). but Go d's Word also reveals he
intervenes in th ose laws whenever nece s-
sa ry 10 fulfi ll his purposes (Job 37: 10-
13).
Our mod ern natio ns are bringing all
kinds of curses on themsel ves as the nat -
ura l result of thei r own wrong wa ys
( Le vi tic us 26 a nd De ut eron omy 28
na me so me of the m). Wea thermen a re
no w say ing some unfavora ble wea ther
co nd itions may be ca used by mankind ' s
prese nt d ish armony wit h nat ur e (sec
p. 10). But th is may nOI be the only
cause of up set wea ther cond itions.
The Bible contai ns exa mple s of God
cha ng ing wea ther pa tte rns either to
bl ess a peopl e or to punish nat ion s for
the ir mounting nation al sins.
God warned t he sin-laden Israelit es
that. if the y continued in their iniquit ies.
he would withdraw his blessings - such
as ra in - from th em : "The re for e the
showe rs ha ve been withheld. a nd th e
spring ra in has not co me " (Jeremi ah 3:3 ,
RSV; see also Jer , 14:22; Isa. 5:6).
Co nt inuou sly, God wa rned the an -
cient Israelit es of the rea son for pro
tracted spe lls of incle me nt wea ther:
"... when hea ven is shut up. a nd there is
no ra in. because they have sinned against
thee . . . " (I Kings 8:35; see also Amos
4:6-9).
God promised his people: "If ye walk in
my statutes. and keep my comm andment s.
and do them: then I will give you ra in in
due season. and the land shall yield her
increa se. a nd the trees of the field sha ll
yield their fruit " (Leviticus 26:3-4).
But God also gav e a prophetic wa rn-
ing, applicab le in principle to any pro ud
na tion that forsa kes God a nd refuses ( 0
t urn fro m its nati on a l sins: " I wi ll break
the pride of your power ; and I will make
yo ur heav en as iro n [endless da ys or
sco rching sunI. a nd your ea rth as bra ss
[drought-har dened earth ] . .. for your
lan d sha ll not yield he r increase" (vs. 19-
20).
In our resou rce-hungry world. Arner -
ica prides itself on its agricult ural power
on the int ern ational sce ne. But how
qui ckly that " pride" could be broken by
the one wh o ultimately controls the
po werful for ces of the weather !
A Powe r Bigger Than Weather
Despite the cond itions or t rends. no
na lion or peopl e is tot all y helpless be-
fore the ra vages of weat her.
Th e examples of t he Bible reveal t hat
the right kind of pra yer. or lack of it , ca n
cha nge wea ther one way o r the o ther
(Ja mes 5: 16-18). God is merci ful ( Mat -
the w 5:45 ), a nd he says he will intervene
wi t h healing wea the r if a na tion hum-
bl es itself. seeks him in earnest prayer .
a n d turns fr om it s ev i l w ay s
(11 Chronicles 6:26-27; 7: 13-14).
God's promises a nd warnings con-
cerning weather and ag ricultura l pros-
perity a re record ed for all nat ion s to
heed , not j ust a ncient Israel. Th e Cre-
ator ha s a supreme pur pose for ma n-
kind . but na tions eve rywhe re. in every
sphere of ac tivi ty - physical. moral. and
spirit ual - a re destroying themselves
a nd fu ture ge ne ra tions. A co ncerned
God uses up se t weather condition s as
but one mea ns. if necessa ry, to warn
na tio ns to (u rn from t he ir errone ou s
way s.
Yes. the fut ure of all humanity han gs.
now more than ever befor e. on t he for-
tunes of wea the r.
Perhaps the most ur gent a nd pr essin g
q uestion to di scuss at the ne xt int er -
nati on al food co nference is not wha t
sci ence a nd mon ey ca n do to halt th reat-
ening mass famines. but the need for
nat ion s to tu rn from t heir idolatr ou s
ways in tim e for God to inter ve ne in t he
weat her for their good. 0
MARCH 1976
HUMAN
SURVIVAL
RETURNOFTHE 'A
DUST BOWL FEARED
--'f-.,
will probably experience water short-
ages by the end of the decade even with
no further increases in the use of irriga-
tion. And most of the earth's irrigation
potential has already been tapped.
Irrigation also has detrimental ecolog-
ical aspects. Millions of acres in Paki -
stan, Egypt, Greece, and South America
have been transformed into ' veritable
salt deserts because of excessive use of
irrigation techni ques : Irrigated acres
have also become a fertile breeding
ground for parasitic diseases such as ma-
laria and schistosomiasis . '
Moreover, the fertilizers on which the
Green Revolution is so dependent are
now in very, tight supply. And what -is
available is often prohibitively ex-
pensive. This is largely due to the sky,
rocketing cost of fertilizer raw materials
- chiefly natural gas - as well as the
cost of the energy needed for fertil izer .
production. Since there is no likelihood
of a return to either cheap energy or raw
ma terials in the foreseeable future, the
cost of fert ilizer will undoubtedly con-
tinue to soar;' with grave .implications
for the Green Revolution.
- Robert Ginskey
make more acreage available for addi -
tional crops and to make possible the
use of central pivot revolving irrigation
systems.
Forestry and agricu ltural experts, and
even the Federal Government's General
Accounting Office, are saying that such
practices are short-sighted and potenti-
ally catastrophic. They point out that
fut ure droughts are a certainty, at which
time the shelterbelt windbreaks will
agai n be important - if they still exist!
Th e weather this spring and summer
may well deter mine whether the grow-
ing concern over the windbreak trees is
elevated to action.
THE BROWNING OF
THE GREEN REVOLUTION
T
he mid-1960 's witnessed a much
ba llyhooed scientific break-
through in crop production
known as the Green Revolution . -Con-
sidered a major contribution 'in the
ba ttle to expand grain production in the
- food deficient countries, the Green Rev-
olution focused on the development and
international dissemination . of high-
yielding dwarf wheats and - rices. The
new strains were highly responsive to
ferti lizer and promised to significantly
increase yields if properly cult ivated. .
When the new strainswere introduced
in nations such as the Philippines, Mex-
ico, Ceylon, and India, stunning in-
. creases in crop yields followed . India
doubled its wheat crop in a six-year
period - a truly incred ible accomplish-
ment. Mex ico, the Philippines, Pakis tan , _
and Turkey also had remarkable in- "
creases in crop production.
The successes of the Green Revolu-
tion enabled many countries to cut back
in grain imports and to even begin ex-
porting grain. India, riding the crest of
the Green Revolution, was nearly self-
sufficient in grain by 1970. Mexico be-
. gan exporting ten percent of its grain "Miracle Grains" Vulnerable
crop. The _Philipp ines, thanks to the
Green Revolutjon,stopped,importing The hybrid grains of the Green Revo- _

. .Beginning in 1972, crop yields not meant increased use of costly chemical
only levelled off but declined 22 million pesticides to protect the less hearty hy-
met ric tons, or seven percent. Output of brids. A dangerous trend toward crop
all grains combined fell by four percent, uni formity has also developed which has
which was a per capita decline of six plant geneticists visibly concerned. The
philippines tas ted the fruits of the Green
percent due to populations' insistent Revolution in 1971 when a virus disease
two-percent-per-year growth .
Now Mexico imports 20% of its gra in, ca
h
lled tungro -plauyesd havoc with their
ybri d rice. The .S. ' com crop of 1970
and the Philippines is again importing was likewise decimated because of the
rice on a large scale. genetic uniformity factor.
The problem with the Green Revolu- The new hybrids of the Green Revo-
tion is that it involves a highly comp lex lution are also often high in quantity
and sophisticated form of agriculture produced but lower in quality than tra-
necessi tating large amounts of water, ditiona l varieties. Fat and carbohydrate
fertilizer, and pesticides. For instance, contents of the new grains rose, but pro-
four to seven tiines more water is re- teinlevels dropped. Also, acres formerly'
quired per acre to achieve the copious planted in nutritious vegetables and
crop yields that characterize the Green beans were sacrificed in the push for
Revo lution, as opposed to traditional higher grain yields .
agricultural practices u tilizing older The resu lt is that" the Green Revolu-
lower-yield seed varieties. Yet fresh tion can no longer be considered a pan-
water is _becoming increasingly scarce. acea for a hungry world.
The U.N. Food and Agricultural Orga-
niza tion has predicted that 60 nations Only Postponing-the Inevitable
Act ually , even during the early years
of the Green Revolution, many scien-
tists including _Norman Borlaug, the
originator of the dwarf wheats , cau-
tioned that the new seeds should not be
viewed as a solution to the food prob-
lem. The new seeds were simply buying
time, the experts emphasized - perhaps
another 15 to 20 years at the most - in -
which to get the world 's burgeoning
population growth under control. About
ha lf of that time has now passed, and
little has been accomplished.
With the browning of the Green Rev-
olution and the relentless growth of the
world 's population, the future prospects
for a technological fix on global famine
look grim indeed .
- Robert Ginskey
weeks, heavy soil erosion could kill large
amounts of the nation's . red winter"
wheat crop , which already has been
stunted by dry weather.
Rainfall patterns in the Great Plains
over the last 85 years reveal"a tendency
toward dry weather abo ut every 20
years. The driest years on record were
1936 and 1956, and this indicates that
1976 might also be a drought yea r.
Can anything be done to ameliorate
the impact of drought? Back in 1934,
Americans launched the largest project
ever to modify the impact of climate and
agricultural conditions in the U.S. The
operation, known as the Prairie States
Forestry Project , involved the planting
of some 222 million trees and shrubs,
designed to hold the blowing topsoil and
swirling sand of the dust bowl. These
"shelterbelts" _were planted in a stag-
gere d 200-mile -wide swath stretching
1,000 miles, from the Dakotas sout h into
the Texas panhandle.
Today, however, the original purpose
of the shelterbelts seems large ly forgot -
ten. In fact . many are bei ng cut down to
I
n the 1930's, a black blizzard of dust
and sand swirled across the Great
Plains of the United States. It was a
lime of desiccating drought and erosio-
nal devastation. as the American Great
Plains threatened to become the Great
American Desert. Wind-blown topsoil
from Oklahoma; Kansas, Nebraska, and
North - and South Dakota settled in
Washington: D.C.; and even on ships in
the Atlantic. _,
The climate eventually changed and
erosion greatly diminished, but those
who lived through the excruciating Dust
Bowl days of the "Dirty Thirties" have
the biting sand storms of that era etched
permanently in their memories.
In the winte rs of 1954 and 1955,
heavy wind and drought again ravaged
the Great Plains , extensively damaging
crops, but not to the devas tating degree
of two decades earlier .
Now, in the mid-seventies a long. dry
spell is once more setting the stage for
what could become the worst drought
and"wind erosion .in decades . Unless
rain- or snow comes in the next few
MARCH 1976 9
HUMAN
SURVIVAL
TECHNOLOGY'S TOLL: x
HAYWIRE WEATHER?
ADDRESS
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Please sen d me a free copy of the bookl et,
The Pale Horse: Epidemics.
Throughout history, di sease has been mank ind 's greatest .
enemy in terms of sheer loss of lif e. The Black Plague of the
fourteenth century is estimated to have wiped out one third
to one half of humanity. Even as late as the twentieth cen-
tury, the influenza epi demic of 1918 claimed more lives than
were lost duri ng the fir st World War . Today, most people
feel that devastating epidemics are unlikely to occur in the
more advanced countries. Still , health off icials warn that ,
under cert ain conditi ons, plague-like epidemics cou ld oc-
cur. The book of Revelat ion, in the famous " four horsemen"
prophecy, predicts a terrifying time when di sease, combined
with war and famine, will bring unprecedented, worldwide
devastation. For an interesting look at dis-
ease.epidemics - past , present and future
-: please request your fr ee copy of our
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on weekends. The researchers dete r-
mined that floating part iculat es belched
from factor ies were seeding clouds (sup-
plying nuclei up on which moisture
could cond ense) - triggering the extra
weekday rain.
Even more surprisi ng was the discov-
ery that one city's pollution can cause
anot her city's rain .
Drifting ' pollut an ts can seed clouds
hovering over suburbs as far as 30 miles
downwind of indus tri al areas, triggering
10% to 30% more freque nt rainfall than
in ot her compa rable locat ions.
Cha ngnon notes La Porte, Indi ana, as
a famous case in point. Located 30 miles
downwind (east) of heavil y indus-
tr ia li ze d Chicago, La Porte h a s
expe rienced an unusual increase in pre-
cipitation of between 30% and 40% since
1925.
Between 1951 and 1965 - a period of
rapid growth in the steel industry - La
Port e had 31% more rain, 38% more
thunderstorms, and 246 more days of
hail than nearby weather sta tions in illi-
nois, Indiana, and Michigan.
Alt hough the La Porte case 'continues
to be shrouded in some cont roversy, the
basic idea that a city can affect weather
beyo nd its own borders remai ns con-
firmed . Fort y-three percent of all Ameri-
... cans tiving-in-cit iesor-in their.downwind-e-
sha dows are affected by indus trially in-
duced weather .
Increasing evidence also indicates tha t
man may be de stroyi ng th e atmo-
sphere's protect ive ozone layer with the -,
exhaust from je t aircraft, the products of
nucle ar tests, and the fluorocarbons used
in aerosols. .
Muc h has yet to be learned about the
many factors that contri bute to chang-
ing globa l weather pa tterns. So far, it
woul d seem that man is affecting the
ear th's wea ther mor e by accident than
he is in deliberate attempts at control.
Alt houg h ,man's activities may seem
miniscule compared to the forces that
generate weather, climatologist Walte r
Orr Roberts feels "t here might be some
sma ll, sensitive poi nts where a small tn-
tervention may have big effects. "
How big?
Dr . Stephen H. Schnei der of the Na-
tio nal Center for Atmospheric Research
offers two possibilites: One theory is that
air- pollution will lead to a marked in-
creas e in the earth 's temperat ure, thus
melting the polar icecaps and raising
ocean levels above New York, Lond on,
and other coasta l cities.
The second theory extrapolates the
present cooli ng trend leadi ng to a new
ice age in the near fut ure.
Accordi ng to Reid Bryson, Director of
the Institute for Environmental Stud ies
at Wisconsin Uni versity, "this is not
merely something of academic inte rest.
It is somet hing that , if it continues, will
affec! the whole huma n occupa tion of
the earth, like a billion people starving."
Al tho ugh only theori es, eit her of these
grim scena rios could eventually take
center stage if man's weather-warping
technology continues unchecked. :
- Alexander R. Lukes
T
oday, "n atur al causes" can no
longer take full credit for upset
weather and changing clima te.
Modem technology is making man an
unwitt ing yet pote ntially significant con-
trib utor.
Man, in his far- reac hing indu strial
and agricu ltural act ivities. is ina dvert -
ently altering at least some local or re-
gional meteorological patt erns, if not
weath er on a greater scale.
Between 1880 and 1940 the earth's
average temperature rose slightly over
one degree Fahrenheit. According to
some scientists, this rise was partl y due
to an increase in heat- absorbing carbo n
dioxi de - six billion tons of which are
belched skyward each yea r from gaso-
line-burning aut os and heat- stoking fac-
tories .
But at the same time. many tons of
ai rborne partic ulates (smoke, soot , dust,
etc .) from both industrial and agricul-
tural activiti es are either abso rbing or
back-scattering the sun's heat, contrib-
ut ing. according to some weat hermen, to
a cooling trend which has dropped glo-
bal temperatures nearly 3/4 of a degree
in recent decades.
Some scientists feel if it were not for
this offsettin g factor, man 's contri bution

coufa mcreast'liie eart li's temperature
an additional two to three degrees within
the next cent ury.
Overgrazing of land and the prospect
of defo restation in the tropics pose addi-
tional problems. Such prac tices can in-
creas e the eart h's albedo (amount of
sunlight reflected back into space from
the eart h), thus further contri buti ng to a
cool weat her trend.
Computer predic tions have dete r-
mined that reducing tropical forest acre-
age in Asia, South America , and Africa
woul d redu ce worldwide temperatures :
by 1/3 of a degree. Accompa nying a
red uction in temperatur es would be an
eight-inch decrease in rai nfa ll ' in the
tropics and a half- inch drop in the
northern temperate zones .
A reduction in rai n could also cause a
wea kening of tropics-based air circul a-
tion curre nts. Scientists fear that ma rked
altera tion of \bese major systems migbt
eventually upset the weather pa tterns of
whole continents.
How Cities Affect Weather
In the mea ntime, many climat ologists
are focusing their attention on cities
where a human ca usal link to upset
weather is most easily observed. .
. Heat-generating : fu rnaces, power
plants, and industrial complexes, plus
heat-storing buildings, sidewa lks, and
streets keep cities warmer by day and
nig ht. Even ing wi nt er t emperatures
can be ten degrees wanner in a city than
in nearby rural areas .
. Particulate matter in poll uted air can
even - be a source of city-induced rain.
Climatologists F. A. Hunt and S. A.
Changnon Jr. of the Illinois State Wat er
Surv ey found industrialized St. Louis re-
ceiving 7% ".lore rain on weekdays than
10 MARCH 1976
176
------------- -----

His matchless LOVE toward us. I'm sure
we don't grasp what a supreme price He
paid to make it possible. He wants us to
be CHANGED - to overcome and root out
this debasing, rotten carnality we all
have in us - and to GROW into His
righteousness, that we may SHARE His
GLORY_
And, you know, I believe God wants
and longs to share the supreml;: GLORY
that He has with YOU! Make it your
supreme overall life VOCATION, and
WORK HARD AT IT! 0
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Of course, we're not claiming the Bible will teach you all about the in
tricacies of international politics. But it will show you why mankind has
been unable to solve the problems of war, poverty, crime and human rnls-
ery. Skeptical? Why not find out for yourself? Write for these free publica-
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or benefit you, but it could consig n YOU
to "eternal punishment! Whether YOU be-
lieve -it or not , I have come, by years of
experience and learning the HARD WAY,
to have supreme faith that GOD will
never neglect to correct or punish me
wherever I deserve it! You may TRUST
HIMto do it!
Remember what a GLORIOUS GOAL
we have before us!
How GRATEFUL we ought to be! How
our hearts ought to be FLOODED with
love and gratitude to the great God for
If you understand theBible,
you understand leday's world.
quires utter CONSECRATION. It requires
total EARNESTNESS.
Yes, it requires the appl ication of the
other six laws of SUCCESS: education, in
which the Bible is the main textbook;
good physical health; DRIVE, or concen-
trated DILIGENCE and EFFORT; resource-
fulness; sticking to it - enduring; and
continual contact with , and the guid-
ance, help , and power of GOD.
True spiritual mindedness is not a
sticky sentimentalism. It is NOT a certain
emotion al mood. It is not the use of a
certain religious phraseology, saying
constantly, "Praise the Lord," or,
"Glory, Hallelujah." I have known
many people whose TALK is so very
"spiritual" - but whose hearts were as
far from God as the prophet Isaiah de-
scribed. (See Isaiah 29:13.)"
Jesus Christ was a perfectly SPIRITUAL
man, But He did not go about using
such mushy language. He was not a girl -
ish, effeminate, sentimental, or emo-
tional weakling . He was a strong, virile,
masterful, yet kind and gentle MAN. He
possessed LEADERSHIP, STRENGTH, PUR -
POSE, and SUPREME STRON G WILL, yet
these masculine qualities of strength and
power were perfectly blended with wis-
dom, judgment, knowledge, understand-
ing, justice, and al so pa rience ,
compassion, and mercy . He was filled
with PEACE, LOVE, and FAITH_ And His
". WILL, strong as it was , was totally .
. yielded and obedient to GOD_ AU this
was the character of GOD.
He is our PAITERN. We must imitate
Him - copy Him,
Look at the men of God in the Old
Testament: Abraham, Noah, Joseph,
David, Daniel, Elijah . They were all dif-
ferent from Christ in one respect in
which you and I must also be different.
They had human weaknesses, and all
did sin ; yet these men all repented and
strove to overcome . But they were all
men of strong PURPOSE, strong WILL
guided by God, all possessed leadership,
but also love, faith , and a consecrated
OBEDIENCE to the will of GOD. But they
were not effeminate, sentimental men
indulging in an affected, put-on, reli-
giou s-sounding way of talking,
Look at the apostles Peter and Paul.
They were the same . You don't find any
of this pseudo "spirituality" in them; yel
they were truly SPIRITUAL men , devoted
to obeying God and serving the needs of
the people.
But one thing to watch and guard
against every second , in the way of atti-
tude, is resentment, bitterness, and ha-
tred. Don't let ANYTHING, no matter
how unjust, make you sour and bitter,
That is the deadliest mental and spir i-
tual POI SON. We must LOVE even our
enemies who perpetrate the greatest out-
rages - though we do not condone their
evils .
If you even think I'M Wrong about
anything , don't get Jour or biller about it
- let GOD correct and punish me -
vengeance is HIS, you know. Resent-
ment against me won't either punish me
Name
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HERE
(Continuedfrom pOKe I)
PRAYER, you cannot maintain CQNTACT .
with God. And when that contact is bro-
ken, you are CUT OFF from Him, and His
spiritual LIFE, LOVE, and very NATURE
cease flowing into you .
For . understand, these divine at-
tributes of His spirit DOFLOW! They are
IN MOTION. They do not stagnate. You
eitherGROW spiritually in knowledge, in .
grace. and . in'. God's character or you '
deteriorate back toward becoming a
mere physical animal , to die in ETERNAL
PUNISHMENT in the lake of fire!
But if God, arid the things of God -
His revealed knowledge, His law, His
love, His WAY for you to live - are.
constantly foremost in your mind, your
thoughts, and your interest, then you are
PRAYING ALWAYS. You are in a constant
SPIRIT Of PRAYER - a constant MENTAL
ATTITUDE of prayer. The contact with
God must be perpetual!
This kind of Christian life, the only
kind that trul y IS Christian, requires, as
the Bible emphasizes repeatedly, zealous
DILIGENCE. You must CONCENTRATE on
it. You must be DEDICATED to it. It re-
MARCH 1976 II
=======================pk\l-ntMh
Iff- S,,;q
by Stanley_R. Rader
orchidsCf-. .
. (ORlens
Evan Hansen.
Beryl, UT
Lebanon'sli'agic Demise x
Washin9ton. D.C., January 11, 1976: 'Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin of Israel
arri ved several days ago in Washington to urge the Ford Administration to
rest ore $500, 000,000 in aid that it had announced plans to cut for the fiscal yea r
1976-1977. Mr . Rabin also wanted to reassess the overall Middle East situation
and, of course, secure broad public support in the United States for what will
surely be an Israeli hardening of its position in future negoti ations with Egypt
and Syria. . .
President Ford hosted Mr . Rabin as guest of honor at a special dinner at the
White House, and Mr . Rabin addressed a jo int session of the Congress. He was
assured by President Ford of cont inued American support.
The President urged further steps to advance peace negotiations; bu t Mr .
Rabin 'said, "You cannot achieve peace bot from the standpoint of strength. It
cannot be done' from a standpoint of weakn ess. Wit ha weak Israel. no one will
negot iat e. Only in a strong Israel can there be a hop e for peace." .
Recent events in Lebanon have perhaps made Israel' s position more accept -
able to the United States. In bringing about a destruction of a Lebanon that has
thrived for almost a millennium as a haven for minority groups from all over the
Mideast - minorities as disparate as Christian Mar onites, Armenians, Dru ses,
and Jews (as well as Palestinian refugees 'during the past 20 years) - the Arab
world has demonstr ated Israel's right to be skeptical of Moslem or Arab toler-
ance and atrue desire for peace andreconciliation in the area. .
ofall .of the Arab states;' Lebanon was .the onl y democracy. It was the .
only country with a free press, free electio ns. and civil liberti es. It had been held
up for so many years by moderates in the Arab world as an example of
Christians and Moslems (as well .as other minority groups) living together in
peace, harmony, and cooperation as they ' succeeded in building a financia l
community without parallel in the Arab world. .
Now PLO forces, supported by Syria . are pat rolling the streets of Beirut ,
although there is some evidence that a withd rawal of these forces is taking place.
Mr. Arafat has demonstrated that he is calling the shots , however, and tha t he
has st rong backing from Syria, th e most bellicose of Israel's nei gh-
bors .
In the ' Lebanese crisis the world was reminded once again of the terrible
dangers that are ever-present in the explosive Middle East. Confrontation be-
tween the superpowers was a dist inct possibil ity last week. The United States was
forced to exercise all of its influence to persuade Israel to restr ain itself, perhaps.
from inva ding Lebanon to prot ect Israel 's vita l interests. At the same time, the
Uni ted States was forced to exercise great rest raint in the face of an eleventh-
hour request for American intervention, as occurred in 1956 when President
Eisenhower sent in 5.000 United States mar ines to maintain Lebanon's sover-
eignty.
Several columns ago, this reporter emphasized that the civil strife in Leba -
non would not cease without great efforts on the part of all parties within and
with out Lebanon, despite a cease-fire that was being observed at the time. The
cease- fire that is now in opera tion will likely be no mor e successful. Th e Christian
Maron ite element , presently conceding to the demands of Syria, the PLO, and
the Moslem element, will not give up completely, and it is doubtful that Syria
will not be further tempted to force a permanent divi sion of Lebanon. Syria 's
prestige has already been greatly enh anced as a result of its role in dicta ting the
terms of the agreements concluded with the Lebanese government .
Tomorrow, Mr. Herbert W. Armstrong and I will depart for Paris , Jerusa-
lem, and Ca iro. We expect to have very meaningful discussions with leaders in
bot h Israel and Egypt. wher e the world is fort una te to have many men of
goodwill and peace who continue their efforts to bring about a soluti on to a
problem tha t concerns all of humanity. Mr . Armstrong will speak before the
leaders in Jerusalem and Cairo,-as he has in the past. as an ambassador for world
peace.
Mr. Armstrong will stress, as he has so often, that the wor ld needs great
humanitarian efforts . It needs demonstrations of concern for others. It needs an
understanding and appreciati on of international cultures and , above all, the
world sorely needs to grasp the spiritual dimension - an understanding of the
great transcend ent purpose for all hum anity.
12
letters
Baikal and Tahoe >--
It was with great trepidation that I read
the article, "The Death of the Oceans" in;
the January issue. It is very regret-
table that Ga-mer Ted Armstrong in this
arti cle has compromised his integri ty as
stating fact... . When a gross ,untruth is
stated it makes one skept ical about accepl-
ing any other statement as truth.
The gross unt ruth: "The world' s largest'
fresh-water lake, l ake Baikal" - area
13,180 sq. miles (ranks 81h if we elimi nate
the Caspian).
Fact, Lake Superior: area . 31,820 sq.
miles.
Sec ond doubtfu l stateme nt: " La ke
Tahoe . . . one of the largest fresh-wat er
lake s in the world.. . ."
I think he is letting his imagination run
awa y with his reason. .
Lake Tahoe doesn't qualify in the first
fifty. Let us have fact, nor fiction.
H. J. Bolivar,
Oliver, B.C.
The answer to the question yo u posed lies
in the meaning ofthe word "largest.", Larg-
est in what way? By surface area? Or by
volume? ,
The fa ct is. volume is now being increas-
ingly used as the determinant fo r rankin g
bodies of water by size. The 1974 edition
(15th edition) of the Encyclopaedia Britan-
nica, for example, rates Lak e Baikal in Si -
beria first in size on this basis (see volume
/0, page 600).
Lak e Baikal - the' world's deepest fresh -
water lake (over a mile deep) - is believed to
contain one fifth of the entire f resh
water reserves, almost as much as all of the
Great Lakes combined! Baikal contains
about 11.000 cubic kilometers (or 5,000 cu-
bic. miles) of water. Lake Superior, by con-
trast, contains only 11.000 cubic kilometers
(or 1,000 cubic miles). In total volume of
water. therefor e, Lake Superior is f ar fr om
superior.
As for Lake Tahoe, the situation is sim-
ilar. Tahoe (which is also very deep. 1645
feet in one place) contains such a tremen-
dous volume of water that it could cover all
of the state of California to a depth offo ur.
.teen inches!
Moderates and Marxists
I really enj oyed the article, "Women's
Lib 7 5: Moderates vs. Mar xists." But I
think you 've:failed to understand the entire'
issue. .
You were agreeable with equal pay for
equal work. 'That isn't possible. however.
unle ss husbands assume equal responsi-
bility for child rearing. Otherw ise women
feel forced 10 give up their goals and ca-
reers. There is no reason for this! Instead
the decision must be made by both. before
marriage.
Thi s again would be impossible for. most
marriages unless men could come to feel
Ihal housework /child care is an honorabl e
position thai wouldn' t threaten their egos.
So it is uuerly necessary to re-evaluate sex
roles. Thi s would nor destroy the family
{i.e. my mom's best friend is a doctor and
Mrs. Margaret Brown,
Placerville, CA
R egard i.ng Wom e n ' s Lib e r a i io n :
Women. like .men. should be allowed
ch oice , the freedom 10 decide. Some
women shouldn' t be allowed anywhere
near children. Just because they can breed"
does not -make them mothe rs.
Some are abso lute slobs where runn ing a
house is concerned. but they can run a
de par tment or ward. Some loathe cooking.
sewing or any of the so-called "fe minine
arts:'
Then there are men of great ten dern ess
and love who adore children. There are
those who love to cook, make things and
run a home very efficiently. And why not'!
Lei men also enjoy the freedom of choice.
The famil y will not disappear , bUIit will
cha nge radically, which is good. lis concep-
tion is left over from another age, when a
female bore children endlessly .and was
only valued for ' her ability to do so. . . .
Brains. intelligence are essential today
whether male or female, and we can' t af-
ford to waste any.
Brenda Smith,
lake Como, FL
I propose addi ng a simple sentence 10
ERA as il stands now. The exact wordi ng
could be chang ed if needed, but I word if:
uno person may be denied the right of
personal choice in mail ers regard ing tradi -
tional sex roles, or natural differences be-
tween the sexes."
Isn't personal choice what 99% of the
Women ' s Libbers say they want'! And isn' t
this same right of personal choice what
makes the oppos ition so mad'! I doubt if
over 1% of the Iibbers are actually Marx-
ists. despit e the fact that they make most of
the noise.. Most of these women are sin-
cerely trying 10 make a better oppor tunity
for women , As the art icle says, these are
goals.
1 app reciate your fair assessment of the
women ' s mo ve me nt in yo ur article,
"Women's Lib '75: Moderates vs. Marx-
iSIS,"
Howe ver, I disagree with your statement.
UIf mor e women woul d disown the radical -
fringe, more men would accepl mor e read-
ily the reasonable requ ests of responsible
women."
Perh aps if men had accepted the reason-
able requ ests of responsible women in the
first place, tne women's movement would
never have taken on such mili tan t over-
tones.
We can't afford 10 play, " You do your
pari, then I'll do mine ," with the future of
ou r civilization, Both men and women
must join in a cooperative effort 10 insure
the rightsof all of us.
D.J . King,
Man kato , MN
MARCH 1976
=======================jp>R@fill'lltNVrb
.\
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mbassador College is a unique in- munication, and general studies. Course work
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velopment of the whole person - ater arts, newspaper journalism, and broad-
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Ambassador College recognizes the most sonalized instruction than is available in the
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help the individual prepare for a meaningful come from Europe, the Mideast, Africa, and
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Our academic program is built around a Study is only a part of student life. Ambassa- San Diego, U.S.I .U., Southern Utah State,and
core. ofc.ourse. w. ork .in th!"ol()gy .a.s well a ~ i ~ '. dor Colle.ge offers a wi.de variety .of inter- ' Simon fraser University of; vancouver, Britis,h
\!J,'yai"'aftS':-Tht.illogy 'cour ses' examinli\g' the" ';;' coli<lg.iite"and' intramural 'at hlet ic"act ivit ies iar' .'.Columbia" . . , ' , ~ , ~ . , ' .,."" ..,.. ., ." ., ., " ", ,.';....,
Bible in the light of today's world, as well as men and women. These include aquatics, bas- In short, at Ambassador College academic
moral, ethical , and spiritual values of the indi- ketball, handball , racketball, gymnastics, golf, study, recreational opportunities, work, and
vidual , are emphasized in a positive per- tennis; track and field, cross-country, cycling value development all combine in laying the
spective. Major degree programs built on this and racing, volleyball , and weight foundation for personal success.
basic foundation include business administra- lifting. While our women's bas- If you are serious about college, you should
tion, chemistry, English, history, home eco- ketball team is in its first year write for more information. You may write to .
nomics, mass communication, music, physical of intercollegiate play, our the Admissions Office, Ambassador College,
education, psychology, Spanish, speech com- men 's team, the Ambassa- 300 West Green Street, Pasadena, California
. dor Royals , is almost 91123 or to the Admissions Office, Ambassa-
through its second year of dor College, Big Sandy, Texas 75755. You may
Ambassador College admits students of any race, color. and intercollegiate com- also obtain information by dialing our toll-free
national or ethnic origin. petition, ending the first' number: (BOO) 423-4444.
"PEOPLE ASK ME CONTINUALLY
ABOUT AMBASSADOR
.COLLEGE .JUST WHAT KIND
OF COLLEGE IS IT?"
MARCH 1976 13

America's Two Choices 'l'-
world, to appear to be so totally righ teou s of our troops. But Amer ica ns came face-
that we would never dare engage in any to-face for the f irst time, in Korea, wi th
kind of furtive or clandestine' acti vities . American military personn el desert ing
elsewhere in the world. not only their army , but also deserti ng
The Soviet Union, on the oth er hand , their country and going over to the other side.
doesn't recognize any " rules," but will Many, if not most. of the deserters have
play the game 01 big power politics any come back to the United State s, and we
way it can. And many other are the have seen that they learned some rath er
same way . 'f severe lessons. Butit too k them 10,15, or
But we are righteous, you see. We are more years to learn those lessons.
holy. We play fair, and we want them to But .it was the agony of the long conflict
appreciate t hat. We're 'sure they will. in Viet nam t hat really changed Ame rican
We're sure that by the time we expo se attitudes toward the military. We began to
every CIA agent in the entirety of the see young men refusing to go int o battl e,
, world, all of these wonderful people who directly contravening commands of t hei r
wa nt us dead, who wou ld rejoice in their off icers. And, as if that wasn' t enough, we
streets to see us go straight down the heard reports of ope n warfare behind the
. drai n, will laud and praise America ( in lines among our own tr oops, where t he
their government-controlled news media) enl isted men were act ually shoot ing at
and say what a marvelous country she is: their own off ice rs! And where off icers
" Look at that honesty . Look at that i nteg- didn 't . dare venture into t he rice pad-
ri ty . Isn 't i t wo nderful that America dies ahead of some of the enlisted men
doesn' t have such a t hi ng as an unoer- . for tear-they would be the ones to end up
cover agent? America is so openminded. with a bullet in their bac k.
Isn ' t America wonderful?'" Our young people 'of today want all the
One would have to be insane to believ e pleasu res of our . mater ial istic soc iety .
other nat ions would look at America that They want their automobiles . They wa nt
way. It just doesn't make sense . their homes. They wan t their job s. They
Here we are, the world's wealthiest na- want the ir freedoms t hat they take so
t ion . We also happen to be a democrat ic much for gr anted;
nat ion . We happen to believe in t he basic Our people want the various govern
freedoms and the dign ity of humank ind . mental programs - housing subsidies,
We happen to believe precious are t hose food stamps, and various other welfare
founding concepts and precepts of ou r programs and help for the poor.
forebears an d founding fathers who But i ncredibly , we are dete rmined we
could env ision and pr oduce such abso- shall not maintain the kind of milita ry or-
lutely marvelous documents as the Dec la- ganization that ca'" guarantee the reten-
ration of Inde pendence, the Constitution tion of our way of life. .
of the United States, and the Bill of . I teve al ready said t here is another
Rights: .. .,. - .. way . ot coursei -ycu and l' both know
There are only two possible ways in " 'we' d becrazier than a mandrill if we think '
which we can maintain our wealth and this wor ld, let alone the United States ' of
our freedoms: either by the force of our America, is going to depend upon God
military or by trusting God . Now, it's obvi- for its protection . In Isaiah 40:21-22 we
ous from our national conduct that we read : "Have you ' not known? Have you
are not going to trust in God e- in spite of not heard? Has it not been told you from
the slog an on our currency to that effect. the beginning? Have you not und er st ood
So let's be rea list ic and deal with the way Irom the foundations 01 the earth? It is he,
things really are. who sits above the cir cle of the eart h, and
The only way the United States can sur- its inhabitants are like gras shoppers; who
vlve in this gigantic glo bal conflict even stretches out the heavens lik e' a curtain"
now beg inning to shape up with two bil- (RSV ).
lion people on the one side - who are God says furthermore: " To whom then
lusting after the wealth that we have and will you compare me, that I should beli ke
want to take away the freedoms that we him? says theHoly One . Li ft up your eyes
have - is for the United States to main- on high and see: who cr eated t hese? He
tain the kind of army , navy , air force, ma- who brings out t hei r hos t by number , call-
r i ne . co rps, coast guard , and othe r ing them all by name" (RSV) .
auxiliary services which are requ ired to And he co ntinues: " Have yo u not
safeguard our peace and freedom. It' s known? Have you not heard? The Lord is
that simp le. . the everlasting God , the Creator of the
But take a look at what has been hap- ends of the earth . He does not faint or
pening to the U.S. mili tary over the last grow weary, his und erstanding . ls un-
few years. searchable. He gives po wer to the fai nt.
I don't know whether it all began with and to hi m who has no might he i n-
the mother who wanted to sue the Marine creases strength. Even youths sha ll faint
Corps 0 .1. at Camp LeJeune or whether it and be weary, and you ng men shall fall
began with revelations from. turned off exhausted, but they who wai t for the Lord
" boots" who would go over the hill to tell shall renew thei r strength" (RSV) .
people the 0 .1. had called him a dirty And -,hen comes thatlamous Bible text
name or whether someone lost his life so many people know: " They sha ll mount
because of the rigors of an obstacle up with wings like eagles, they sha ll run
course in a Mar ine Corps boot camp. But and not be weary, they shall wal k and not
somehow, gradually, i ncessantly, and prl- fai nt. " He says .he holds nations in t he
marily as a result of ove rexposure and hollow of his hand. He says all countries
constant torturous coverage by the press are as the small dust of the balance. He
of some of these alleged " horrible treat- sets up and deposes kings, rulers, coun-
ments" of young men in the military ser- tri es , and governments .
vices, the whole national feeli ng about But we don 't bel ieve in the powe r of
the mili tary began to change. that God, so we're not go ing to depend
Perhaps it began in Korea, during the upo n him for our well-being. But what
" poli ce acti on" of 1950-53. Until then, doesn't make sense to me, as a mi nist er ,
and especially as a resu lt of World War II, an evangenst, a news commentator, and
Americans were basica lly given the no- an observer is this : Knowi ng we won 't
tio n of great pat rioti sm, great courage, trust God, I c an' t understand why we
and great bravery under. fire on the part want to tear down our military. 0
problems. " There are people i n Congress '
and in governmental positions who ac-
tually advocate such a " wor ld dr opout"
policy (always claiming t he Vietnam de-
bacle as their rationale).
Ai the end 01 World War II, the Uni ted
States emerged holding just about all the
marbles. We were the biggest mili tary and
industri al power the world had ever seen .
We alone possessed the nuclear weap-
ons with which to inti midate, if we so
chose, the enti rety of the wand.
From t hat time on the United States,
like it or not. was shoved into a role of
" playing America was the big
hope for the underdeveloped world. The
U.S.' supplied not only money, but also
technical know- how and skilled rnan- '
power in a massive effort to bring impov-
eri shed peoples out ' of their grind ing
poverty. But today, nearly all of these na-
tions, it seems , are our avowed ene mies .
There' s something else rath er annoy-
ing that we are beginning to see happen
in this country. I don 't know quite how to
label it, but it involves the vast hypocrisy
of attempting to wash our filthy linen be-
fore the rest of t he wor ld to prove how
. clean we really are. By this I'm referring
to the new mood i n Conqress and the
press, and a good part 01 the public as
well , to uncover all undercover opera-
t ions, to take the cloak off all govern-
mental secrecy, to expose CIA agents
abroad, to take everything to the people
because "they have a right to know" and,
th us to effectively force our own gov ern-
ment to cease function ing as far as for-
eign policy is concerned.
The sobering fact is that Americans live
i n a world' filled with people who want us
dead . We live in a wo rld of other stat es
and gov ernments who wou ld rejoice in
the streets, li ght bonfires, go arm i n arm,
drinking , singing, and che ering if t hey
could hear that the Unit ed Stat es 01
.America is no more.
They woul d react in exactly the same
manner spoken of in the boo k of Larnen-
tations in the Bible, chapter 2, verse 16:
" All you r enemies rail against you ; they
hiss , they gnash their teeth, they cry : ' We
have destroyed her ! Ah , this is the day we
longed for ; now we have it ; we see it !' "
(RSV.)
It's a perverse desire t o see the big
giant come cra shi ng down.
The eco nom ic weight and leverage of .
the United St ates of America is incred-
ible. The gross product of one state
alone" California, is lar ger than the vast
major ity of all the oth er countries on the
lace olthe earth.
Now, in the meant ime, we see ,this ulti-
mate hyp ocrisy of wanting to appear to
be righteous bel or e all the rest of the
GarnerTed Armstrong
SPEAKSOUT!
T
here is a gigant ic battl efield being
. drawn today, wh ich is, in f act, t he
entirety of _the world. Onon e side
are ar rayed t he " have" nati ons; on
t he other side are t he,"have-not" natio ns.
The f irst group comprises the indus-
t rialized, non-Communist . democratic na-
tions with only abou t 750 mill ion cit izens .
in Europe and Brita in, the Unit ed 'States,
So ut h Afr ica, AuStralia, and Canada.
These 750 mill ion cit izens are consuming
a disproport ionate chunk of the natural
resources of t he world, producing a grea t
percent age of its manufactured commod-
itie s and goods, and enjoying, as a result,
t he very highest standards of living _in all
hi story.
Then, on t he othe r hand, the re are the
hundred or more nat ions which are und e-
veloped , poor, usually in the .thrces of
vi olent overthrows, coups d'et at , guerrilla
warfare, civil war , and str ife ""':' and qu ite
often t he unwittinq pawn s i n the ideolog i-
, cal st ruggle between the superpowers .
These "have-not" states represent well
over two billion people, millions of whom
live the ir enti re lives at an abject pov erty
leve l.
So far, this global battle between the
rich and poor nations has been limited to
ec on omi c pressures, to' political pres -
sur es , and to f iery spe eches from new
despots. It has been limited to the form -
ing of vari ous blocs and pressure groups
- such as the Organization of Pet Foleum
Exporting Countries, or OPEC.
But we have no assurance this conf li ct
will be li mi ted in the future to only: polit i-
cal and economic pressures. Will it even -
tually emerge into actual warfare - an
armed wo rtdwlde struggle? ,
Ir oni cally, some Third World nat ions
have been promised nucl ear reactors by
the United States, wh ich wou ld enable
them. ilthey chose. t o go about t he bus i-
ness of making themselves a low-yield -
maybe i n t he kiloton range - " dirty"
bomb 01 the typ e that ob lit erated about
90,000 li ves in Hi rosh ima or Nagasaki!
They could then indulge in a lillie nuclear
" saber rallling, " not only against their
own immedi ate neighbors - as might oc-
cur between India and Bangladesh, for
ex ampl e - but against members of the
developed "First World " as well!
No TI me For Isolationism
It's time to take a good look at t he way
the world really is. And that requires
some serious introspection on the part of
the American people! What are we? What
should we be?
Today one hears a great deal 01 talk
about isolationism. Many . people have
been saying, in effect: "Let's go isolation-
ist and let other people solve their own
14 MARCH 1976

THEGARNERTED
ARMSTRONG
BROADCAST


[lOOm
U.S. STAT IONS
Eas tern Ti me
AKRON - WSLR, 1350 kc. 5:00 a.m.
Mon -Sun., 10:30 p.m. Mon. -Sun.
8:30 p.m. Sun.
ALLENTOWN - WSAN, 1470 kc. 6:30
a.m. Mon.-Fr i.
ASHEVILLE - WWNC, 570 ke.. 11:00
p.m. dail y.
AlHENS -:' WOOL, 1470 kc., 12:30
p.m. Mca-Fri.
BLUEFIELD - WKOY, 1240 kc. 6:00
p.m. Mon.-Sat. 1:30 p.m. Sun.
BOSTON - WRYT. 950 kc.. 12:30 p.m.
Mon-Fri. 12:30 p.m. Sun.
CAYCE - WCAY, 620 kc. 12:00 noon
Mon.-Fri .
CHARLESTON - WCHS. 580 kc.
10:30 p.m. Men-Sat.
CHATTANOOGA WDEF, 1370 le .
5:00 a.m.
* CHESAPEAKE - WCPK, 1600 ke.
12,:30 p.m. Mon.-Fri.
CINCI NNATI -r- WCKY, 1530 kc., 5:00
a.m. dai ly.
CINCINNATI - WLW. 700 kc., 11:00
p.rn. Sun .
CLEVELAND "';' WERE, 1300 ke., 11:00
p.m. Mon.-Sun.
DAYTON - WONE, 980kc. 11:30 p.m.
Mon. -Fri . 8:30 p.m. SUD.
DETROIT - WLDM-FM, 95.5 mc., 7: 15
a.m. MOD.-Sat 9:00 a.m. SUD.
ERIE ...... WWGO, 1450 kc. 10:00 p.m.
Mon.-Sal . ;.
FLINT - WKMF. 1470 kc. 10:00 p.m.
Mon.-Fri. '
*FRANKLIN - WFTN 1240 kc.. 12: 15
p.m. Mon.-Fri.
GAINESVILLE -e- WAKA, 1390 icc. 7:00
a.m. Mon.-F ri.
GAYLORD - WATC, 900 kc.. 12:30
. p.m. Mon.-Fri.
GREENVillE -- WNCT AM & FM 1070
kc, a: 107.7 me. 6:3O.p.m. Mon.-Sat .
Ji ARRISSORG ...:.. WHP, 580 l':c. 7:30
1150 kc. 12:30
p.m. Mon.-F rl
JACKSONV ILLE. FL. - WQII<, 1090
t c. 12 noon dai ly.
JACKSONVILLE, N.C. - WLAS, 910
kc. 7:00 a.m. Mon.-F ri.
JOHNSTOWN - WJAC, 850 kc. 7:00
p.m. Mon.-Fri.
KINGSP ORT - WKPT, 1400 kc. 12:30
. p:m. Mon. -Fri.
KISS IMMEE - WFIV. 1080 kc. 12:30
p.m. Mon.-Fri .
LAN CASTER - .wXRL. 1300 kc.. 6,30
a.m. Mon.-Fri. .
- WJ RI, 1340 kc. 6:30 p.m.
Mon.-Fri
LONDON ....:.. WFTG., 1400 kc.. 12:30
p.m. Mon. Fri
LOUISVILLE - WHAS, 840 ke.. 11:30
p.m. Mon.- Fri. 8:00 p.m. Sl1n.
MlAMI - WIOD. 610 kc. 8:25 p.m.
Mon.-Sat. 8:30 p.m. Sun.
MONTPELIER - WSKI. 1240 te. 6:00
p.m. Mon.-Fri .
NEW HAVEN - WEll , 960 kc., 10:30
p.m. Mon.-Fri ., 9:'00 p.m. Sun. & Sat,
NEW ROCHELLE - WVOX, 1460 kc.,
12:30 p.m. Mon.-Sat., 10:00 a.m. Sun.
NEW YORK - WORt 710 kc., 6:30 a.m.
a:11:30 p.m. Sun . 10:30 p.m. Mon.-
Fri .
NORFOLK - WT1D. 1270 kc.. 11;30
a.m. Mon.-Fri
PHILADELPHIA - WRCP. 1540 kc.. 12
noon, Mon.-Sat . 10:30 a.m. Sun.
*PIKEVlLLE - WPK.E, 1240 te. 6:30
a.m. Mon. -Fri.
pl"nSBURG H - WPIT. 730 kc.. 12
noon..Mon.-Sat . 11:00 a.m. Sun.
. PITTSBURGH - KQV. 1410 ke.. 10:00
p.m. Mon.-Fri .
MARCH 1976
PORTSMOUTH - WIOI , 1010 kc.
12:35 p.m. Mon-Fri.
PROVIDENCE - WJAR, 920 kc. I I:30
p.m. Mon.-Fri. .
RALEIGH - WPTF , 680 kc. 1:15 p.m.
Men-Sat, 9:30 a.m. Sun.
RICHMOND - WRVA, 1140 kc. 10:00
p.m. daily.
ROANOKE - WFlR, 960 kc. 7:00 p.m.
da ily.
ROCHESTER - WHAM, 1180 kc..
11:30 p.m. Mon.-Fri.. 10:00 a.m. Su n.
ROCHESTER - WWNH, 930 kc., 6:30
. p.m. Mon.-Fri .
SCRANTON - WGBI , 910 Icc. 12:30
p.m. Mon.-Sun .
SPRINGFIELD - WACE, 730 kc.. 12
noon daily.
SVRACUSE - WSOQ , 1220 kc ., 7,00
a.m. Mon. -Fri .
TAMPA - WINQ, 1010 kc., 5:00 p.m.
Mon.-Fri.
TOLEDO - WSPD , 1370 kc. 6:30 p.m.
daily.
WALTERBORO - WALD, 1060 kc.
12:00 noon Mon.-Fri.
WHEELING - WWVA, 1170 kc , 5:00
a.m. Mon.-Fri . 8:30 p.m. Su n.-Fr L
10:30 a.m. a:11:30 p.m. SUR. . .
Central Time
ATOKA - KEOR-AM, 1110 kc.. 4:30
p.m. Mon.-Fri.
ATOKA - 93.3 mc. 6:30
a.m. Mon.-Fri .
AUSTIN - KLBJ , 590 kc.. 6:30 p.m.
Me n -Sat .9:30 a.m. Sun.
BIRMINGHAM - WYDE, 850 kc. , 7:00
p.m. Mon.-Sat. . 6: 30 a.m. & 6:30 p.m.
Sun.
CHICAGO ...,... WMAQ, 670 kc.5:05 a.m.
Mon.-Sa t.
COFFEYVILLE - KGGF. 960 kc.. 5:00
a.m. Mon.-Fri.. 6:00 p.m. Mon.-Fri.
DAlLAS - KRLD, 1080 kc. 4:30 a.m.
Mon.-Sun., 10:45 p.m. Me n -Sat.
11:00 p.m. Sun.
DES MOINES - KWKY, Il SO kc.
12,30 p.m. & 9:30 p.m. dai ly. .
DULUTH - WEBC r 560 kc., 12:00 noon
Mon.-Sat.
FARGO - KRAD, 1590 kc., 12:30 p.m.
Mon.-Fri.
. GADSDE N - WAAX 570 kc.. 12:30
p.m. Mon.-Sat . 12 noon . SUIL
GLADEWATER - KEES , 1430 Icc. 12
noon daily.
GREE N BAY - WGEE, 1360 kc. 6:30
p.m. Mon.-Fri
HOUSTON - KPRC , 950 kc., 10:30
- p.m. dail y.
JONESBORO - KNEA, 970 kc , 5:30
p.m. MOD.-Fri.
KANSAS CITY - KMBZ, 980 kc., 10:30
p.rn.daily.
- KANSAS CITY - WDAF.FM, 12:30
p.m. Sun. 11:30 a.m. SUD.
LITTLE ROCK - KAAY, 1090 kc., 7:30
p.m. da ily. 9:30 a.m. Sun. , 5: 15 a.m.
Mon.-Sat.
MEMPHIS - WREC, 600 kc., 11:00
p.m. Mon.-Sat .
MILWAUKEE - WISN, 1130 kc , 11:30
p.m. Mon.-Fri .
MOBILE - WKR G, 710 kc., &:: 99.9 me.
11:30 a.m. Mca-Fri. , a: 7:30 a.m.
Sat . a:SUR. 8:00 p.m. daily (PM).
MT. VERNON - WMIx., 940 t c. 7:00
p.rn.daily.
NASHVILLE - WSIX, 980 kc. 8:30
p.m. Mon.-Sat. . 8:00 p.m. Sun.
NEW ORLEANS - WWL, 870 Icc.. 8:30
p.m. Mon.-Sat .
OKLAHOMA CITY - KTOK, 1000 Icc.
10:30 p.m. daily.
PAMPA - KGRO, 1230 t c. 6:00 p.m.
. Mon. Fri .
PEOR IA - WMBD, 1470 kc. 10:30 p.m.
daily.
ROUA - KCLU AM II FM, 1590 kc..
94.3mc 8:30 a.m. Mon. -F ri.
RUSSE LLVillE - KARV. 1490 te.
10:00 p.m. Mon.-Fri.
ST. PAUL - KRSI, 950 t e., 8:00 p.m.
dai ly.
SAN ANTONIO - WOAI, 1200 kc..
5:00 a.m. Mon.-Sat . 10:00 p.m. Sun.
.: SHERMAN - KTXO, 1500 kc. 5:00
p.m. Mon.-Fri .
SIOUX FALLS - KIOV-FM, 104.7mc
12:30 p.m. Mon.-Fri.
SIOU X FALLS - KSCJ, 1360 kc.. 6, 15
p.m. Mon.-Sun.
TEXARKANA - KOSY. 790 tc. 5: 30
p.m. Mon.-Fri.
WATERLOO - KXEL, 1540 tc. 8:30
p.m. Mon.-Sat.. 8:00 p.m. Sun ., IOS.7
FM, 11:30 a.m. Sun.
WATERTOWN - KWAT-FM, 96.l mc
12:00 noon Mon.-Fr L
Mountain Time
ALBUQUERQUE - KOB, 770 kc.
11:00 p.m. Mon.Sat ., 9:30 a.m. Sun.
* BOISE - KAIN, 1340 kc.. 6:55 a.m.
Mon.-Fr i.
CASPER - KTWO, 1030 Icc. 6:05 p.m.
& 10:05 p.m. dail y.
DENVER - KOA, 850 kc.. 10:30 p.m.
Mon.-Sat., 7:00 p.m. Sun.
FARMINGTON - KRZE, 1280 kc. 6:00
a.m. Mon.-Fri .
FLAGSTAFF - KelS. 600 kc.. 12:30
p.m. dail y..
KALISPEll - KOF' , 1180 kc ., 6:30
p.m. daily.
PRESCOTT - KYCA. 1490 ,,"c.. 7:00
p.m. Mon.-Sat.
SALT LAKE CITY - KSL, 1160 kc..
5:06 a.m. a: 11:06 p.m. Mon.-Sat..
5:30 a.m. & 11:25 p.m. Sun .
TUCSON - KTUC, 1400 kc., 12:45
p.m. daily. 6:00 a.m. Mon-Sat., 6:30
a.m. Sun. .
WHEATLAND - KYCN, 1340 kc., 5:30
p.m. Mon.-Fri .
PaclUcTlme
ANCHORAGE - KYAK. 650 kc., 9:00
p.m, dail y.
CARSON CITY - KKBC-F M, 97.3 mc.
7:00 a.m. Me n -Sat. 9:00 p.m. Sun.
COVINA - KGRB, 900 kc.. KOB.FM.
98.3 me. 12 noon Mon.-Sal.. 9:00
a.m. Sun.
EUGENE - KORE, 1050 kc. 7:00 a.m.
daily.
FRESNO - KMJ , 580 kc.. 9:00 p.m.
Men-Sun.
LAS VEGAS - KVEG--AM & FM, 970
kc., 92.3mc 6:30a.m. dail y.
LOS ANGELES - KLAC, 570 kc..
10:30 p.m. Mon.-Sat. 9:00 a.m. Sun .
MEDFORD -.; KAGN-FM, 98.5mc 8:00
a.m. Mon.-Fri.
MEDFORD - KSHA, 860 kc., 7:00 a.m.
Mon.-Sat .
* OLYMPIA - KITN, 920 Icc. 6:00 a.m.
Mon.- Fri .
ONTARIO - KSVA, 1380 kc. 7:00 p.m.
Mon.-Fri.
PASCO - KOTY, 1340 kc., 12:30 p.m.
Mon.Sat. , 12:00 p.m. Sun.
PORTLAND - KODL 1440 kc., 6:00
p.m. Mon-Fri.
PORTLAND - KYXI, 1520 kc. 10:30
p.m. Mon.-Fri.
SACRAMENTO . - KRAK. 1140 kc..
8:30 p.m. Men-Sat.
SAN DIEGO - KSDO, 1130 kc. 10:30
p.m. Mon.Sat . .
SAN FRANCISCO - KNBR, 680 kc.
11:30 p.m. Mon.-Sat.
SAN FRANCISCO - KKIS, 990 kc..
10:00 p.m. Mon.-Sat.
SANTA ROSA - KPLS , 1150 kc. 7:00
a.m. Mon.-Fr i.
SEATTLE - KIRO, 710 kc. 5:00 a.m.
Mon.Sat. . 11:30 p.m. Mon.-F ri.
SEWARD - KRXA, 950 kc. 12:30 p.m.
Men-Sat.
YAKIMA - KUTI, 980 Icc 9: 30 p.m.
Su n.-Thurs. & Sat . 7:30 p.m. Fri.
CANADIAN STATIONS
A/Ian/Ie Time
BAIE-VERTE - CKIM, 1240 sc , 6:30
p.m. daily.
CAMBELLTON - CKNB. 950 kc. 9:30
p.m. Mon.-Sat.
FREDERICTON - CFNB. 550 t c.
10:05 p.m. dail y.
GANDER - CKGA, 730 kc., 6:30 p.m.
daily.
GRAND FALLS - CKCM , 620 kc. 6:30
p.rn. daily.
MARYSTOWN - CHCM, 560 kc. 6:30
p.m. daily .
MONCTON - CKCW. 1220 t c., 9:30
p.m. Mon.-Sat . 8:00 p.m. Sun .
NEWCASTLE - CFAN, 790 t e.. 9:30
p.m. Mon. -Sat
SAINT JOHN'S - VOCM, 590 kc. 6,30
p.m. dail y.
SYDNEY - CJCB, 1270 Ice.. 6:00 p.m.
daily.
YARMOUTH - CJ LS. 1340 kc. 7:00
p.m. Mon. Sat.
Eastern Time
BLIND RIVER - CJNR, 730 kc., 6:30
p.m. daily.
BRANTFOAD - CKPC, 1380 t c. 6:30
p.m. daily.
CORNWAU - CJSS, 1220 kc. 10:30
p.m. daily.
EWOTI LAKE - CKNR, 1340 tc..
6:30 p.m. daily.
HULL - CKCH. 7:00 a.m. Suo.
KINGSTON - CKWS, 960 kc.. 10,30
p.m. Mon.-Fri. I I: 10 p.m. Sat.. 10:05
p.m. Sun.
KIRKLAND LAKE - CJK L, 560 kc.
9:00 p.m. daily.
LEAMINGTON - CHYA, 710 kc., 5:30
a.m. &: 6:30 p.m.
LlNDS.AY - CKLY, 910 kc., 8:45 p.m.
Moo.-Fri.
THE GARNER TED
ARMSTRONG
TELECAST

U\!l
[lOOm
U.S. STATIONS
Eastern Time
AKRON - Ch anne l 23 , WAK R.TV.
10, WTEN.rJ.
2:30 p.m. Sat .
ALPENA - Cha nne l 11, WBKD-TV'.
I I :30 a.m. Sun.
ATLANTA - Channel 11, WXIA-TV';
10:30 a.m. SUD.
BANGOR - ChannelS, WADI-TV.
4:00 p.m. Sal .
BINGHAMPTON, N.Y. - Channel 40 ,
WICZ-TV. 7:30 p.m. Sa t.
* CHARL EST ON - Chann e l 2,
WCDD-TV, 1:00 p.m. Sun.
CINCINNAT I - Channel S, WLWT-
TV. 11:30 a.m. Sun .
COLUMBIA - Channel 19 . WNO K-
TV. 4:00 p.m. Sat. .
COLUMBUS - Channel 4, WLWC-
TV, 10:30 a.m. Sun.
DAYTON - Channe l 2, WLWD -TV.
11:30a.m. Sun .
- FLINT - Ch annel 12, WI RT-TV.
10:30 a. m. Sun.
GREENVILLE, N.C. - Channel 9,
WNCT-TV. 7:00 p.m. SUD. . ._
GREENVILLE - Channe l 4, WF BC-
lV, 12:30 p.m. Sun.
HUNTINGTO N, W.V. - Cha nnel 13,
WOWK -TV. 12:30 p.m. Sun.
INDIANAPOLIS - Channel 4. WTIV-
TV. 12:30 p.m. Sat .
*J ACKSONVILLE - Channel 12.
WTL V-TV. 12:30 p.m. Sa t.
JOHNSON CITY - Ch annel 11,
WJHLTV, 10:30 a.m. Sun .
LANSING - Channel 10. WILXTV.
10:00 a.m. Sun.
LOUISVILLE - Channel 41 , WDRB-
TV. 1:00 p.m. Sat .
NEW YORK _ Channel 9, WOR.TV,
Rota ting sched ule
PH ILADELPHIA - Channe l 17 ,
WPHL-TV. I I: OOp.m. Sun.
PORTLAND - Channel 8, WMiW-
TV. 11:30 a.m. Sun.
PORTSMOUTH - Chan ne l 10,
WAVY-TV. 1:00 p.m. Sun .
PROVIDENCE - Channel 12, WPRl -
TV, 3:00 p.m. Sat.
- SALISBURY - Channel 16 , WBOC.
TV. 11:00 a.m. SUD.
SOUTH BEND - Channel 22,
TV, 12:00 noon Sun .
SPRINGFIELD - Channel 40 ,
WHYN-TV, 1:00 p.m. Sat.
* STEUBENVILLE - Chann el 9,
WSTV-TV. 12:00 p.m. Su n.
*TAMPA - Chan"el 4, WF LA-TV,
12:30 p.m. Sun .
WASHINGTON, D.C. - Channel 7,
WMAL-TV, 10:00 a.m. Sun.
* WILMI NGTON - Channe l 6,
WECf-TV. 12 noo n Sun.
Cent, al Time
ABILENE - Channel 12. KTXS-TV, '
5:30 p.m. Sun.
ALEXANDRIA - channelS, KALB
TV, 10:00 a.m. Sun .
AMARillO - Channe l to, KFDA-
lV. 2:00 p.m. Sat .
BEAUMONT - Chann e l 12, KBMT-
TV. 2:00 p.m. Sun .
BISMARK - Channel 5. KFY R-TV,
12:00 ooon Sat.
CHICAGO - 44 , WSNS-TV.
9:30 p.m. Sun.
CORPUS CHRIS TI - Channel 3,
KmTV. 2:00 p.m. Sun.
DALLAS - Channel 11, KTVTTV.
1:30 p.m. SUD. .
DOTHAN - Channel 18, WOHN-TV,
6:30 p.m. Sat.
EL PASO - Channel 13, KELP -TV.
1:00 p.m. Sat .
EVANSVILLE - Channe l 14, WFIE
TV, 11:00 a.m. Sun .
FARGO - Channel ' 11 , KTHI-TV.
3:30 p.m. SUD.
* FT. SMITH - Channel S, KFSM-TV,
1:00 p.m. Sun.
GARDEN CITY - Ch a n ne l 11,
KG LD-TV, 1:00 p.m. Sun.
GREAT BEND - Channel 2, KCKT
TV. 1:30 p.m. Sun.
HAT TIESBURG - Ch anne l 7.
WDAM-TV. 12:30 p.m. Sa t.
HOUSTON - Cha nne l 39, KHTVTV.
3:00 p.m. Sat.
HUNTS VILLE - Channe l 48, WYU R-
TV. 5:30 p.m. SUD.
KANSAS CITY -. Channel WDAF -
TV; 11:30 a.m. Sun .
LUBBOCK - Channel 11, KCBD-TV.
12:00 noo n Sun.
LUFKIN - Channel 9, KTRETV. 2:00
p.m. Sun. .
MCCOOK - Channe l 8, KOMC- TV.
1:30p.m. Sun . .
MERIDIAN - Channel 11. WTOK
TV. 10:00 a.m. Sun.
MIDLAND - Channe l 2, KMID-TV.
4:00 p.m. Sat.
MI NNEAPOLI S - Cha nnel 11 ,
WTCN-TV, 9:30 a.m. Sun.
* MONROE - Channel 10, KTVE TV.
12:00 p.m. Sun.
,* MONTGOMERY - Cha nnel 32,
WKAB-TV, 3:30 p.m. Sun.
NASHVILLE r- Channel 2, WNG E
TV. 6:00 p.m. Sat .
NEW ORLEANS - Channe l 4, WWL
TV. 11:30 a.m. Sun.
NORTH PLATTE - Channe l 2,
KNOPTV. 6:30 p.m. Mon .
OKLAHOMA CITY - ChannelS,
KOCO TV. 11:30 a .m. Sun .
OMAHA - Channel 6, WOWf-TV.
3:00 p.m. Sat.
PEOR IA - Channel 19, WRAU-TV.
I :30 p.m. Sun.
ROCKFORD - Channe l 13, WREX-
TV, 9:00 a.m. Sun .
SAN ANTONIO - Chann e l 12, KSAT
TV. 5:00 p.m. Sun.
SHREVEPORT - Ch annel 6, KTAL-
Tv , 12: 30 p.m. Sat .
SPRINGFIELD, MO. - Cha nne l 27,
KMTCTV. 5:30 p.m. Sat
SPR INGF IELD - Channel 20, WICS-
TV. 12:30 p.m. Sa L '
TEMPLE - Channel 6, KCEN-TV.
11:00 a.m. Sun.
TOPEKA - Channe l 27, KTSB-TV.
12:30 p.m. Sat .
TUPELO - Channe l 9, WTWVTV.
4:30 p.m. Sat.
*TYLER - Chann e l 7, KLTV-TV.
10:30 p.m. Sun .
WICHITA - Ch annel 5, KARD.TV,
1:00 p.m. Sun .
* WICHITA FALLS - Channel 6,
KAUZ-:rv. 11:00 a.m. Sun.
Mountain Ti me
BOISE - Channel 6, KIVI-TV. 3:00
p.m. Sun.
GRAND JUN CTION - ChannelS,
KRE X-TV. 4:30 p.m. Mon.
PUEBLO - Channe l S, KOAA.TV.
9:30 a.m. Sun.
RAPID CITY - Cha nne l 7, KRSD TV.
6:30 p.m. Wed.
*ROSWELl - Channe l 40, KBI M-
TV. 4:00 p.m. Sat.
SALT LAKE CITY - Channe lS. KSL-
TV, 12:30 p.m. Sat
*TUCSON - Channel 10, KGUN-
TV, J1:30 a.m. Sun .
Paclnc Ti me
ANCHORAGE - Channel 13, KIMO-
lV. 6:30 p.m. Wed.
FAIRBANKS - Chann e l 11, KTVF-
TV, 5:00 p.m. Sat.
*HONOLULU - Channel 2, KHON-
TV. 2:00 p.m. Sun.
LAS VEGAS - Cha nnel 8, KLAS-TV,
4:00 p.m, Sat. .
*LOS ANGELES - Chann el 9, KHJ -
TV, 9:00 p.m. Sun .
PORTLAND .- Channe l 12. KPlV-
TV, 11:00 a.m. Sat .
RENO - Channe l 2, KTVN-TV. 3:30
p.m. Sat.
SACRAMENTO - Ch a nnel 12,
KOVR-TV ,ll :00 a.m. Sun.
SPOKANE - Channe l I , K HQ- TV.
1:30 p.m. Sun .
TACOMA - Channel " , KSlW-TV.
J1:30 a.m. Sat.
Denotes change in or day. or
a new s tat ion .
15
..
-.,. ",,, , .. -... .. "'''"-
MAJOR SHIFTS ONTHE WORLD SCENE
WILLCHANGING WEATHERBRINGMASSFAMINES?
: :".
-..
. .

and superstition. If you'd like to know
more about the difference be-
tween the real Jesus and his
mysterious " impostor," wr ite .
for the free booklet entitled
The Real Jesus.
r:--------------
I
I Please send me the free booklet.
I The Real Jssus.
I NAME
I M' OmO"" RE"' S"- S----- - - - --'-'
I CITY STATE ZIP
T
he real Jesus of Nazareth bore little
or no resembl ance to the image
above. The Christ who lived and
taught in Galilee and Judea was not the
Jesus perpetuated by tradition . He was
not the frail, petulant, effeminate Jesus
whose image has adorned religious art
for centuries. A strong and vigorous
young man, Jesus of Nazareth worked
for years as' a carpenter before he be-
gan his ministry. His hair was not espe-
cially long. He didn't wear a forlorn ,
morose expression. And he had no halo
shimmer ing mysteriously over his head.
Unhappily, much of the character and
message of the real Jesus Christ has
been obscured by tradition, half-truth
,-' :....,..v.' , J ...
WRITE TO:
Christ? ..or Impostor?
UNI TED STATE S: P.O. Box III . Pasadena, California 91123 ". ;-' 1
QrMda: Plain Truth. P.O. Box44, venecuver, D,C: v6C 2M2
: 50595, Mi xico 5. 0 ' 1
UfIJ' N Ki:fc'l::. (l1li/ ElIFOf'#: P.O. Box 111.51. Albans, Herts.. Enpand
P.o: Johanncsbuq
P.O. BoxU.A.lQ.Union AYe. . Sl:li5bury
AIUl f'Q/1c tIft4 S.. AJiG: P.O. 202, Heads. 3uccnslalld 421
: Aucthn I. N.z.
Wat /'::l!,:G.P.O. Box6063, SaDJuan, PueT10R.ko 00936
I e lure 10 notify us immediately of aDy mUSe in )"OUt addre:sS. Please
t:"tfla::a
phol ovaPU , or DWIIUC1"ipu. -
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