The Eighth International Conference on Electronic Measurement and Instruments

ICEMI2007

Electromagnetic Coupling Effect Emulation Analysis of Metal Body with Small Hole
Xie Penghao Tan Zhiliang Liu Shanghe Zhang Rongqi
National Key Lab on EM Environment and EM Protection, Shijiazhuang Mechanical Engineering College, Shijiazhuang 050003 China Abstract: In order to study the electromagnetic coupling law of a metal body with different form holes, the body model and electromagnetic field needed were set up by the electromagnetic emulation software FEKO. Data showed that: the electromagnetic wave near the source presented obvious reflection; the intensity of electric and magnetic field changed tempestuously at frequency of 700MHz, which was the resonance frequency of electromagnetic coupling; the intensity of the round hole coupling field in the experiment is higher than the square hole; obvious electromagnetic wave diffraction happended at a distance from the body; the vertical far field changed greatly, affected by the body reflection mainly; in z, y direction the internal electromagnetic fields had asymmetry nature as to the hole. Keywords: FEKOelectromagnetic couplingmetal body hole.

very essential , in which a lot of domestic and international experts had done thorough theoretical research[1-5]. The electromagnetic simulation software FEKO[6] (one electromagnetic field analyse software of MOM and high-frequency analytical method developed for applications in high-frequency electromagnetic field) was adopted and simulation analysis on the hole electromagnetic coupling effects of one metal body was carried on, and the conclusion proved the past theory and could further promote the foundation of tests on electromagnetic coupling effect economically.

Introduction

Totally continuous metal shell could do the shielding work very well, but unavoidably the shielding ventilator windows and holes far the cable were made up, through which the electromagnetic wave entered the body, and strong reactive current and reactive voltage on the electronic device took on, probably causing the efficiency losing and affecting performance of the working state even to eonian damage. The discussion on electromagnetic coupling effect to the hole in a shielding body was


Fig 1 Body Module

Setting-up of the Model

This thesis made research on cubic shielding body, whose body length was 2m, and the thickness of the metal shell was 8cm, shown in Fig 1. In view of the miniaturization of the electronic device, assumed that the side of the square hole was 2cm
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1-4244-1135-1/07/$25.00 2007 IEEE.

The Eighth International Conference on Electronic Measurement and Instruments

ICEMI2007

Fig 7KHElectro magnetic Field Distribution without Metal Body

Fig 3 Electric Field Intensity of Metal Body with Square Hole(y=0,z=1)

Fig 4 Electric Field Intensity of Metal Body with Round Hole(y=0,z=1) 4-287

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ICEMI2007

and the radius of the round hole was 1.18cm. The area of the round hole was slightly greater than the square hole. The field source lay at the origin. The frequency range was 100-800MHz, with the step of 100 MHz. The coordinate block of the shielding body was: x[1012]y[-11]z[02]. The Electromagnetic Field Distribution without Metal Body was shown in Fig 2.

value. This phenomenon should be paid more attention to.The intensity of the round hole coupling field in the experiment was higher than the square hole on the same points and in the same filed. Because the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the experiment and size of the body had comparing nature, in the experiment the obvious

Simulation Result Analysis

3.1 Simulation Analysis on the Electromagnetic Field in Space of the Body Fig 3 , Fig 4 showed electric field and magnetic field distribution in the line space (y =0, z =1) ,x[912.5] at different frequency. The electromagnetic wave distribution was strengthened near the source end of the body by obvious reflection. When the frequency is 700MHz, the drastic change of electromagnetic field intensity took place in the body ,and so the resonance frequency of electromagnetic coupling is 700MHz. The electromagnetic field intensity inside was higher than that outside and great increase was seen while the body was in the field. When the frequency was below 500MHz, the electromagnetic field intensity was very small and the shielding result was very good.. Weaker electromagnetic energy coupling existed at 600MHz, 800MHz, but stronger than that of frequencies below, the electromagnetic field intensity was very small and the shielding result was very good.. Weaker electromagnetic energy coupling existed at 600MHz, 800MHz, but stronger than that of frequencies below 400MHz. Close to body shell the electromagnetic field intensity jumped, which was the result of reactive current and reactive voltage of the body surface, and it was apt to cause the coupling of electromagnetic energy of cable. In such case, the coupling energy interfered the electronic circuit, and permanent or eonian damage of the sensitive device might be caused while the intensity reached certain
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Fig 5 The Obvious Diffraction Phenomenon

diffraction phenomenon could be observed at 100 200MHz, shown in Fig 5. 3.2 Simulation Analysis on the Vertical Far Field Distribution In the experiment, the far field distribution was simulated. Fig 6 was pictures of vertical far field distribution under the influence of two kinds of body separately, and there were three operating frequencies, the first half of which was the simulation picture of the body with square hole and the latter half to the body with round hole. Through the contrast with the far field distribution pictures without no metal body in,the vertical far field direction distortion could be clearly seen, and the serious asymmetry appeared , with obvious the refletion from the body. The two results of the bodies with different holes were compared, and there were small differences, related to the form of the hole. Synthetical analyse showed, the vertical far field direction distortion mainly depended on the reflection of the metal body. 3.3 Symmetry Nature Analysis Electromagnetic Field within the Body of the

The Eighth International Conference on Electronic Measurement and Instruments

ICEMI2007

The coupling electromagnetic field caused by the hole had directionality basically with that of the electric magnetic field outside. The internal electromagnetic fields had asymmetry nature to the hole in Z-direction, shown in Table 1, and the value difference relatively bigger at 700MHz, the nearly same number value at the other frequency, which proved that the directionality of the electromagnetic field outside was a main influence factor of the difference. The electromagnetic coupling energy was mainly caused by the hole aerial at 700MHz.The result of the round hole was similar
Square Hole

with that of the

Table 1 Electric Field Intensity of Symmetrical Points to the Hole Centre LineV/m
Hole Type

Coordinates
10.8,0,1.5

600MHz 0.133 0.082 0.088 0.084

700MHz 7.556 5.574 6.122 3.351

800MHz 2.547 2.079 1.947 1.617

Square Hole 10.8,0,0.5 10.5,0,1.4 Round Hole 10.5,0,0.6

square hole , which accorded with the same law. Fig 7 (a) was electric field distribution picture of the body with round hole at 700MHz,(b),(c) were

Round Hole

Fig 6 Vertical Far Field Distribution with Metal Body

Fig 7 Electromagneic Field Distribution at 700MHz 4-289

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ICEMI2007

pictures of the body with square hole. The asymmetry in y direction came from some strong coupling points on the body surface and within the body, shown in Fig 7 (a ) and Fig 8. The reactive current on the body surface was not even, causing the electromagnetic coupling at some points relatively strong, especially some on the edge of the body ,which influenced the distribution of the electromagnetic field nearby. depended on the reflection of the metal body mainly. (4) The coupling field in the body was to the directionality of the electromagnetic field outside

Conclusion

(1) Under the experiment condition, obvious reflection from the body presented. The electromagnetic field intensity drasticly changed at the frequency of 700MHz in the body, and so the resonance frequency of electromagnetic coupling was 700MHz. When the frequency was below 500MHz, the electromagnetic field intensity was very small and the shielding result was very good. Weaker electromagnetic energy coupling existed at 600MHz and 800MHz. Close to body shell the electromagnetic field intensity jumped, which was the result of reactive current and reactive voltage of the body surface, and it was apt to cause the coupling of electromagnetic energy of cable. The intensity of the round hole coupling field in the experiment was higher than the square hole. (2) Because the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the experiment and size of the body had comparing nature, in the experiment the obvious diffraction phenomenon could be observed, thus the spread law of the wave was verified. (3) In the experiment, the two kinds of body had exerted influences to the vertical far field of the electromagnetic field. Through the contrast with the far field when there was no body, the vertical far field direction distribution showed obvious distortion and serious asymmetry, because of the electromagnetic wave reflection by the body. The effect from the form of hole was very small. It

Fig 8

Electric Field Distribution on

Surface of the body with Square Hole

basically, and the internal electromagnetic field had asymmetry nature to the hole in z, y direction. Difference happened much obviously at 700MHz than the other frequency, which proved outside directionality of electromagnetic field was the main influence factor of the difference, electromagnetic energy inner at 700MHz was the result of hole coupling as an antenna. The asymmetry in y direction came from some strong coupling points on the body surface and within the body. The asymmetry reaction current on the body surface influenced the distribution of the electromagnetic field around.

Reference
[1] Belokour I LoVetri J Kashyap S Shielding effectiveness 4-290

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Electromagnetic Compatibility Symposium Proceeding [C]2000855-860 [2] DENG Xiaobin , HOU Chaozhen. Analysis on shielding effectiveness of rectangular cavity with apertures by transmission line method [J] HIGH POWER LASER AND PARTICLE BEAMS200416(3)341-344 [3] Robinson M P,Benson TM,Christopoulos C, et al . Analytical formulation for the shielding eff-ectiveness of enclosures with apertures [J]. IEEE Trans on Electromagnetic Compatibility , 1998 ,40(3)240 -248. [4] LIU Shun-kun, FU Jun-mei, ZHOU Hui, et al . Numerica l studies on coupl ing effects of EMP into slots [J]CHINESE JOURNAL OF RADIO SCIENCE 1999 14 (2)202-206 [5] FU Jiwei , HOU Chaozhen , DOU Lihua. Numerical analysis on hole coupl ing effects of an obl ique incidence of electromagnetic pulse [J]HIGH POWER LASER AND PARTICLE BEAMS 2003 15(3) 249-252 [6] PAN Xiaodong WEI Guanghui REN Xinzhi Simulation Research on Far Field Radiation of Bounded-wave Simulator [J] JOURNAL OF ORDNANCE ENGINEERING COLLEGE200618 (3)15-17

Author Biography
Xie Penghao male1982 Master degree candidate, Xinji city in Hebei, study direction: The Theory and Technology on Electromagnetic Protection.

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