Gorgias In the beginning Callicles expresses the idea that laws are adopted by the majority who are

weak and these laws are related to their interests and needs. The law-makers try to oppose the strength of their inferiors. And the rulers perceive injustice as a wish of people to have more than their neighbours. However, the natural laws do not see the desire to have more as being dishonest. The concept of justice entails that the superiors being the strongest should rule over their inferiors. Therefore, the existing laws are in contradiction with nature. The way out is the slave who becomes rebellion and gains power. This is how the might makes the right and the law of natural right comes into force. The superior has the right to get the possessions of the inferior. Interestingly, the philosophy may become an obstacle for people who want to gain power and rule the society. The reason is that the studying of the philosophy in maturity age (carrying the research too far) distracts people involved in business or politics from the real life, makes them ignorant of the needs and desires of humankind (the concept that the stronger should rule the weaker) as well as deprives them from their rights as citizens. When reacting to these thoughts Socrates addresses a lot of questions to Callicles to clarify what he exactly means. In the course of the dialogue Callicles says that many people are superior and therefore better by nature and make the laws to oppose the others. The natural justice says that the better are the stronger and the wiser. However, Socrates raises the question about the criteria of the strength and the wisdom and tries to demonstrate the contradiction in the Callicles argument by making an example of the situation when among the group of people owing a store with meat and drinks there is a person who knows more in food and is probably stronger than the others. How to determine in what a man should be better and wiser to get the biggest share? Socrates continues the argument talking about the best knowledge in coats and shoes of weaver and shoemaker. Callicles calls the examples nonsense. Then he says that the people who are superior are the wise and courageous politicians. Socrates asks him about the people who do not need to have anyone ruling over them meaning that everyone should be temperate and rule his own pleasures and desires. But Callicles sees natural justice and nobility in satisfying the desires. The weak being unable to do so claim for justice and temperance. Whereas the intemperance is in fact happiness. Replying to this argument Socrates talks on the theory according to which the part of the sole that is responsible for the desires may be compared to the vessel full of holes. He adds that it is better to satisfy the ordinary needs and this brings happiness. Moreover, he points to the fact that Callicles does not see any distinction between good and bad pleasures in contradiction to the position of his opponent. Therefore, the Callicles concept of law is built on the notion of natural justice that allows the stronger (wiser and more courageous) humans to gain power over the weaker and enact laws to defeat their interests. He sees the strength in the ability to satisfy the desires which the inferior population seem to be lacking. This process brings pleasure which constitutes happiness. Following this theory it becomes clear that in Callicles view the present state of the society is far away from the ideal one which is based on the natural laws. The rulers are not ready to satisfy their own needs and pleasures and therefore are not strong but they do make laws that reply to their needs. However, it is not clear why the rulers constitute the majority of the population? If they are the majority then they can more easily satisfy their pleasures and therefore become stronger. In a situation when they are weak it is clear according to Callicles theory that they cannot possess the power and the stronger population being able to satisfy its passions although being not the majority may gain power.