Name Class Absent NIM

: Fitri Yanti Slamet : II B : 12 : P2.06.20.2.11.052

PRODI KEPERAWATAN POLTEKKES KEMENKES TASIKMALAYA

Exercise 7. Looking at grammar. (Charts l l -1> 11-3) Discuss why passive was chosen for these sentences instead of active. 1. My sweater was made in England. The speaker or writer probably uses the passive here because he or she doesnt know who madethe sweater. Using an active sentence (Someone made my sweater in England) wouldnt addany important information. 2. The new highway will be completed sometime next month. The speaker or writer probably uses the passive here because he or she doesnt know who completed the highway. 3. The World Cup soccer games are being televised all over the world this year. The speaker or writer probably uses the passive here because he or she to focus attention is on the world cup soccer games. 4. This composition was written by Ali. That one was written by Mariko. The speaker or writer probably uses the passive here because he or she knows who the write is. 5. The Washington Monument is visited by hundreds of people every day. The speaker or writer probably uses the passive here because he or she doesnt know who visited the washington monument because too many people who visited the washington monument. 6. Bananas originated in Asia but now are grown in the tropics of both hemispheres of theworld. They ivere introduced to the Americas in 1516. The speaker or writer probably uses the passive here because he or she doesnt know who grown and introduced the bananas.

Exercise 8. Reading and grammar. (Charts 11-1 ^ 11-3) Read the paragraph. Underline the passive verbs. Discuss why the writer chose to use passive rather than active. Answer the questions in complete sentences. Early Writing Materials The chief writing material of ancient times was papyrus. It was used in Egypt, Greece, andother Mediterranean lands. Parchment, another writing material that was widely used in ancient times, was made from the skins of animals, such as sheep and goats. After the hair hadbeen removed, the skins were stretched and rubbed smooth to make a writing surface. Paper,the main writing material today, was invented by the Chinese. Ink has been used for writing and drawing throughout history. No one knows when the firstink was developed. The ancient Egyptians and Chinese made ink from various naturalsubstances such as berries, soot, and tree bark. Through the centuries, thousands of differentformulas have been developed for ink. Most ink today is made from synthetic chemicals.

1. Before paper was invented, what materials were used for writing? 2. What was parchment made from? 3. What three things were done to animal skins to make writing material? 4. Who first used paper? 5. When was ink first used? 6. In ancient times, what ingredients did the Egyptians and Chinese use for ink? 7. What substances are in ink today?

Answer : 1. writing material of ancient times was papyrus. 2. was made from the skins of animals, such as sheep and goats 3. After the hair had been removed, the skins were stretched and rubbed smooth to make a writing surface. 4. invented by the Chinese. 5. Ink has been used for writing and drawing throughout history. 6. The ancient Egyptians and Chinese made ink from various natural substances such as berries, soot, and tree bark.

7. Most ink today is made from synthetic chemicals.

Exercise 9. Looking at grammar. (Charts l l-1-> 11-3) Make complete sentences with the given words. Use the simple past. Some are active and some are passive. 1. We \ allow, not \ to go to the park alone when we were young We werent allowed to go to the park alone when we were young. 2. A package \ deliver \ to our apartment yesterday >>A packages was delivered to our apartment yesterday 3. Maria \ teach \ her son to read when he was three >>Maria was taught her son to read when he was three 4. When I was in elementary school, we \ require \ to wear uniforms >>When I was in elementary school , we were required to wear uniforms 5. As we watched, the airplane \ disappear \ into the clouds >>As we watched, the airplane was disappeared into the clouds 6. I \ agree \ with your decision yesterday >>I agree with your decision yesterday 7. Timmy \ drop \ a plate after dinner last night >>Timmy was dropped a plate after dinner last night 8. The plate \ fall \ to the floor with a crash >>The plate was fallen to the floor with a crash 9. What \ happen \ yesterday\ >>What happened yesterday ? 10. Something very sad \ happen \ yesterday >>Something very sad was happened yesterday 11. My cat \ hit \ by a speeding truck >>My cat was hit by a speeding truck 12. She \ kill \ instantly >>She was killed instantly 13. She \ die \ instantly >>She was died instantly

Exercise 14. Looking at grammar. (Charts 11-1 - 11 -3) Complete the sentences with the passive form of the verbs in the list. Use any appropriate tense. build divide /invent order surprise cause expect kill report surround confuse frighten offer spell wear

1. The electric light bulb ivas was invented by Thomas Edison in 1879. 2. An island was built by water. 3. The -ing form of s i t was spelt with a double t. 4. Even though construction costs are high, a new dormitory was built next year. 5. The class was too large last semester, so it was divided into two sections. 6. A bracelet was weared around the wrist. 7. The Johnsons house burned down. According to the inspector, the fire cause by lightning. 8. A1 got a ticket for reckless driving. When he went to traffic court, he was ordered to pay a large fine. 9. I read about a hunter who was killed accidentally by another hunter. 10. The hunters fatal accident was reported in the newspaper yesterday. 11. I didnt expect Lisa to come to the meeting last night, but she was there. I was surprised to see her. 12. Last week I was offered a job at a local bank, but I didnt accept it. 13. The children was frightened in the middle of the night when they heard strange noises in the house. 14. Could you explain this math problem to me? Yesterday in class I was confused by the teachers explanation. 15. A: Is the plane going to be late? B: No. It was expected to be on time.