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Motion In A Vertical Circle

Let a mass m is tied to a string of length and is rotated in a vertical circle with centre at the other end of the string. At all positions, there are two forces performing on the mass: Its own weight & the tension in the string Let the radius of the circle At the top: Let vt velocity at the top Total force towards centre
mv 2 t

T mg

mv 2 t

T mg

mv 2 t mg

For the movement in the circle, the string should have tight i.e. the tension has to be positive at all positions. As the tension is low at the top Ttop 0
mv 2 t -mg 0

Vt g

Now, let vb be the velocity at the bottom. As the particle goes up, its KE decreases and GPE (Gravitational Potential Energy) increases Loss in KE gain in GPE
2 vb v2 t 4g

1 1 2 mv b mv 2 t mg(2 ) 2 2

(vb)min

2 t min

4g 5g

Now, if the same particle of mass m is loosening from a string of length fixed to the point O, and let v be the needed velocity imparted to the particle. The particle just stops at a instance B, then Loss in KE Gain in GPE 1/2mv2 0 mg v

2g