List two considerations that must be made before selecting a window treatment (out of 7).

-----Insulation, privacy, glare, light control and window type, block sun, control sound. What is the "U Factor"? Why should we need to know what it is? ------ Measures loss of heat. Lower the number the better quality and performance When speaking of window hardware, describe a RETURN (projection). ------ Distance the hardware extends out from the wall. There are three desirable lengths for draperies. Name them. ------ 1. Floor, 2. April, 3. Sill Give a definition for "STACKING" or "STACK BACK" ------ Dimensions a window treatment occupies when treatment is drawn completely. What is the difference between a mullion and a muntin? ------ Muntin - light bar used to seperate glass in a decorative sash into multiple lights. Mullion - Vertical wood or metal part used to structurally join 2 window or door units. What are finials ------ Decorative ends to curtain rode. What type of handle do casements/awning/hopper windows operate with ------ crank Are the terms RETURN and PROJECTION interchangeable? ------ yes What type of window treatment is a valance classified as? ------ SOFT How are traverse rods operated? ------ with a cord What provides better insulation, pleated shades or honeycomb shades? ------ Honey comb. Is a rod pocket optional for a custom curtain? ------ No. Do Jalousie windows offer great insulatin for northern climates? ------ No! How does a double hung window open/close ------ Raises and lowers. Prior to making a fabric selection, what considerations should be made? (12) ------ User, used how, color, texture, pattern, flammability, durability, resistance to crocking, colorfastness to light, wrinkling, maintenance, life-cycle cost Durability specifications include (4): ------ Abrasion: rasistance and flexibility Colorfast: to fading in light Crocking: resistance, color transferred to skin or fabric Tenacity: tensile strength

Definition for "dimensional stability": ------ A fabric's ability to maintain it's size or shape after being bent, twisted or crushed Chemical applications that enhance a fabric's ability to withstand or resist combustion are called: -----Flame retardant finishes The ability of fabric to return to its original shape after stretching is called resilience ------ resilience Viscose solution forms man-made fibers by being forced through the holes of ------ Spinneret What loom weaves complex patterns very quickly ------ Jacquard Name the 3 primary weaving methods ------ Plain, twill, satin The type of weave whereby three-dimension fabric such as corduroy is created is called the ______ variation ------ pile Linen comes from the stalk of what plant? ------ Flax Identify reasons for blending fibers (3): ------ 1. Extend a costly fiber, 2. provide strength to a weaker fiber, 3. Unique character can be created such as texture or reaction to dye. 100% new wool is called? ------ virgin What is used most often today for sheet curtains and drapery fabric? ------ polyester What weaving process creates the "herringbone"fabric? ------ twill Coloring of fabric takes place by these 2 methods: ------ dying or printing When color is added to a natural fiber before it is spun into a yarn, it is called: ------ stock or fiber dying Standard finishes (also called wet, chemical or functional finishes) have this purpose: List 2 examples: ----- Improve a fabric's performance. Anti-static or water repellent. Decorative finishes are also known as surface treatment finishes. Name two types of fabrics that have a decorative finish: ------ Chintz, Moire' Brushing a fabric to raise the individual fibers of the yarns shows the: ------ nap What is the difference between a staple and a monofilament yarn? ------ Staple: short fibers twisted together, Monofilament: continuous, unbroken filament What is a warp yarn? ------ the flat vertical yarns that run lengthwise What are weft yarns? ------ the horizontal yarns that are interlaced through the warp yarns What is a salvage? ------ The bound lengthwise edge of a fabric that runs vertical.

What is the difference between plain, twill or a satin weave? ------ Plain: Over/under weave. Twill: 2-1 weave. Satin: 4 (to 12) - 1 weave. Boucle Yarn ------ 3 compounds make this up: effect, core, binder Chenille ------ Feels like a catepillar, created by locking short cut fibers to a core yarn Slub ------ Yarns gradually shift from thick to thin Compound ------ Two or more strands make up the compound yarn. One forms the center core and the others wrap around the core Crewel ------ Fabric woven first and then embroidery with woolen yarn is added Frieze ------ closer/smaller loop and textured because of a twist Ottoman ------ 1 large piece of yarned plain woven with a small yarn Velvet ------ Cut pile Herringbone ------ a twill weave that changes direction and the direction of the yarn changes with it, forming a "v" pattern Brocade ------ Light or neutral background with a pattern, usually a floral - texture is a bit raised Damask ------ Tone on tone, larger scale pattern, satin weave Dobby ------ is a small variation of brocade. Tip off is "small scale geometric" Matelasse ------ Like a quilted mattress. Similar to dobby. used most in bedding Tapestry ------ double cloth, 2 woven fabrics Crepe ------ Solid, all over texture with plain, twill, plain, twill, drapes nicely with a nice hand Toile de Juoy ------ Always a print, color on color, showing a scene, usually monochromatic, could be any of the weaves Chintz ------ Lighter weight cotton with waxy cotton by high speed rollers. Wax or resin on it. Gives stiffness and levels of sheen to fabric. Improves durability. Gives it a crisp hand. Moire ------ Process of embossing. Looks like a watermark/wood grain. Crypton ------ Manufactured fabric. It is embedded in to the fabric to make it cleanable (invented for healthcare industry) Non porous, repels water, feels plasticy What are benefits of window treatments ------ 1. Control light, 2. Control glare, 3. Block sun, 4. Control sound, 5. Insulation, 6. Ensure privacy

What are the characteristics of a swinging door (4)? ------ Allows for entry or passage. Hinge placement at right or left side of the jamb. Requires space for the door swing. When open, shouldn't rest over a receptacle, lightswitch, etc. What are the characteristics of a by-pass sliding door (3)? ------ They bi-pass one another, open to only 50% of the doorway, utilizes overhead track and floor guides. What are the characteristics of a surface sliding door (3)? ------ Surface Hung with an overhead track, allows up to 100% accessibility to opening, slides along the wall. What are the characteristics of a pocket door (3)? ------ This space saver allows for 100% access of opening, door opens into wall cavity, you can add thickness to the wall to bipass any mechanicals. What are the characteristics of a side hinged/bi-fold door (3)? ------ Primarily used for closet doors, uses an overhead track and hinged doors. What are the characteristics of a accordion folding door (1)? ------ Small panels subdivide large spaces into smaller compartments. What are the characteristics of a french doors (1)? ------ Hinged type door has glass panes covering nearly all of the surface area. Name 3 Muntin/grille options: ------ Removable Muntin (surface mounted), Simulated divided light (grilles installed in between glass panels, True divided light (independent divider between each pane of glass) What are the characteristics of a fixed window (4)? ------ Frame and glazing are stationary, inoperable, no ventilation, flexible in shape and size. What are the characteristics of a casement window (2)? ------ Side hinged sash, crank-type hardware. What are the characteristics of a awning and hopper window (2)? ------ Same operation as a casement, hinge location for awning at top. What are the characteristics of a Sliding window (2)? ------ By-passing sash units allow only 50% ventilation. What are the characteristics of a double-hung window (1)? ------ Sash raises and lowers vertically What are the characteristics of a jalousie window (1)? ------ Narrow horizontal pieces of glass that tilt to open. What are the characteristics of a bow window (3)? ------ Consists of four or more equal sized windows joined together to form a graceful curve, windows can be fixed glass or operable, needs to be under a soffit or roof.

What are the characteristics of a bay window (3)? ------ Typically consists of three windows joined together, center window is fixed, with operating double-hung or casement windows at the sides. What are the characteristics of a Dormer window (1)? ------ Adding a dormer to a house is a way to bring light into the attic or living space that's tucked under a roof. What are the characteristics of a side light and transom windows (1)? ------ A framed area of fixed glass placed above or next to a door. What does NFRC stand for? ------ National Fenestration Rating Council What does the NFRC do? ------ Rates windows on efficiency. What is a U Factor? ------ Rates heat loss. THe lower the number, the better at holding heat in. Name 3 door components: ------ Door, frame, hardware What is the difference between curtains and draperies? ------ Curtains are stationary and Draperies need a cord to draw them open or closed. What do you hang a curtain on? ------ Rod What is a rod pocket? ------ Sleeve that the curtain rod goes through. It is always needed for a curtain. What is a curtain header/heading? ------ Fabric part above the rod in a ruffle or pinched pleat. What is a tab top? ------ Loop of fabric or a ring to hang curtains on a rod. What are two characteristics of Sheers? ------ Allow light in but can provide privacy. What is a cafe curtain? ------ A single pair of short panels on a rod, halfway down the window. What are hourglass curtains? ------ A single panel banded in the center forming an hourglass. What is a sash curtain? ------ An hourglass curtain without the band in the center. Both use lightweight curtains. What are balloon shades? ------ Scallop detail in sections, usually of chintz or a lightweight cotton and opaque. What are Austrian Shades? ------ Much more lightweight, sheer, frilly, poofy, less tailored shirred between vertical rods. What is a valance? ------ Most common window topper. A mini curtain that covers the tops of a window. What are swags? ------ Ornate valance that drapes in billowy folds across a window. What is a festoon valance? ------ Decorative, heavier valance. Looks like a stage coach.

What is a Jabot? ------ A decorative vertical tail that finishes a horizontal festoon. What is a cornice? ------ A rigid material that can be apholstered. What are venetian blinds? ------ Wider slats, great for privacy and light control. What is stacking or stack back? ------ The dimension a window treatment occupies when the treatment is drawn. What is a Shoji Screen? ------ A Japanese influenced translucent inset in a wooden frame. What is a roller shade? ------ Spring loaded shade.

1 What is the most significent architectural drawing and what is it? Floor Plan. An orthographic view of a total building or an area within a building, seen as if a horizontal cutting plane were passed through it at a height of approximately 4 feet. It's as if you're looking down 2.In Construction Drawings, how are Floor Plans drawn and what do they show? Drawn to scale. They show walls, doors, windows, plumbing fixtures, appliances, stairs, cabinetry and other built-in or free-standing interior features. 3.How are details shown in Floor Plans? In schedules: Door Schedules, Window Schedules, Partition Detail Schedule, Room Finish Schedule. 4.Name three typical interior partition types: Wood frame, steel frame, masonry. 5.What is most common partition type for commercial buildings? Galvanized steel construction with metal studs 6.What are 3 characteristics of metal studs? They are "U" shaped with small flanges, have precut openings for the passage of electrical conduit or other cables, are attached to a top and bottom metal channel or "runner". 7.What is most common stud spacing used in commercial interior partition construction? 24" on center. 8.What does it mean to be a fire-rated partition? 1. A wall assembly of materials designed to restrict the spread of fire.

2. Whatever the rating (1-hour, 2-hour, 3-hour and 4-hour), that means how long it will prevent fire and smoke from passing thorugh the partition. 9.Why would a partition need to be fire-rated (3)? 1. Walls that seperate corridors corridors from lease space 2. separating one type of occupancy from another 3. enclosing vertical circulation, such as stairwalls and elevators (2-hour required for this). 10.What are accoustical partitions? Partitions that minimize the transmission of sound from one space to another. 11.What are typical floor plan scales for residential & commercial Residential - 1/4" = 1'0" Commercial - 1/8" = 1'0" 12.What is the primary purpose of a floor plan? to locate interior partitions, doors, windows, stairs and any other major built-in components. 13.What are the three line weights of a floor plan and what are they used for? Heavy line weight: walls Medium line weight: Built-in and free-standing objects. Light line weight: textures, door swings and dimensions lines.

That are 3 of the most frequently used materials for partitions? ------ GWB lath & plaster masonry What is GWB? ------ consists of a gypsum core sandwiched between heavy paper or other materials. Name 8 advantages of GWB ------ low installed cost quick and easy installation fire resistance sound control capability

easy availability versatility (for a variety of uses) east of finishing and decorating ease of installation of doors and other openings What are common sizes of GWB? ------ 4'w x 8, 10, 12, 14' with thickness ranging from 1/4" to 5/8" What are common gwb sizes used for commercial and residential? ------ Comm - 5/8" Res - 1/2" What sized studs do commercial construction typically use? ------ 2 1/2" or 3 5/8" metal studs spaced 24" o.c. What 6 materials are embodied in the term "masonry"? ------ brick, concrete block, glass block, structural clay tile, terra cotta and gypsum bloc, Name 5 things about hollow-core doors: ------ One or three plies of veneer on each side of a cellular interior Frame is made of solid wood with larger blocks of solid wood where the latching hardware is located Used only where light use is expected Used when cost is a consideration They have no fire-resistive capabilities Name 6 things about solid-core doors: ------ Made w/a variety of core types Used for their fire-resistive properties Used as acoustical barriers Used for security Have Superior Durability Available with 20 min, 45 min, or 90 min fire ratings What are standard widths of wood doors: ------ 2', 2'4", 2'6", 2'8", 3'0" What are standard heights of doors? ------ 6'8" or 7'0" What is the thickness of a hollow core door and a solid core door? ------ HC: 1 3/8"

SC: 1 3/4" What are door frames made of? ------ Wood Steel (Hollow Steel) What type of door is most commonly used in commercial construction and give 3 reasons why? -----Metal doors and frames durability security fire resistance What are standard widths of metal doors (9)? ------ 2'0", 2'4, 2'6, 2'6, 3'0, 3'4, 3'6, 3'8, 4'0 What material is commonly used as stile and rail material for a glass door? ------ Aluminum What is the purpose of a hinge? ------ Most common method of attaching a door to its frame What is the most common hinge type? ------ Mortise or butt hinge What are "latches & locksets"? ------ Devised to operate a door, hold it in the closed position and lock it. A latchset only holds the door in place with no provision for locking What is a latchset? ------ A latchset only holds the door in place with no provision for locking What is a lockset? ------ A special mechanism that allows the door to be locked with a key or thumbturn What are the 3 most common types of locksets and latchsets? ------ Cylindrical lock (also called bored) mortise lock unit lock (also called a preassembled lock) What is a cylindrical lock (5)? ------ Simple to install in holes drilled in the doors Relatively inexpensive Can be purchased in grades of light, standard and heavy duty Most common for residential Also can be used in commercial What are features of a mortise lock (3)? ------ Installed in a rectangular area cut out of the door Generally more secure than a cylindrical lock

Offers a much wider variety of locking options Name 2 features of a preassembled lock: ------ Mechanism is in a rectangular box that fits within a notch cut in the edge of the door Easter to install than a mortise lock What are closers (3)? ------ Devices that automatically return a door to its closed position after it's opened Control the distance a door can be opened, protecting the door and surrounding construction from damage Required on fire-rated doors What is panic hardware (2)? ------ Type of operating hardware that is used where required by building code for safe egress by a large number of people Bars extending across the width of the door that operates vertical rodes that disengage latches at the top and bottom What are doorstops and bumpers (3)? ------ Keep a door from damaging adjacent construction Mounted on the floor or wall Made of metal with rubber bumpers attached

What are astragals (4)? ------ A vertical member used between double doors to seal the opening Act as a doorstop Provide extra security when door is closed What are push plates and pull bars (2)? ------ Used to operate a door that does not require automatic latching Commonly used on doors to toilet rooms and commercial kitchens What are door seals (2)? ------ Used along the edges of doors to provide tight seals against smoke, light and sound Fire-rated seals are required on fire doors to prevent both smoke and drafts from passing thorugh. What are thresholds (3)? ------ Used where floor materials change at a door line Used where a hard surface is required for an automatic door bottom

Used where minor changes in floor level occur What are hardware finishes (2)? ------ Available in a wide variety of finishes Choice depends primarily on the desired appearance What are the five basic base metals of door hardware finishes? ------ steel stainless steel bronze brass aluminum Name 4 types of flooring: ------ Wood Stone Terrazzo Resilient Name 6 types of wood flooring: ------ Strip Plank Block Bamboo Palm Engineered wood Name 5 types of stone flooring: ------ Granite Marble Limestone Slate Sandstone What is Terrazzo? ------ A composite material poured in place or precast that is used for floors, walls and stairs

What does Terrazzo consist of? ------ chips of marble, quartz, grante or other suitable chips in a matrix that is cementitious, chemical or a combination. What is resilient flooring? ------ A generic term describing several types of composition materials made from various resins, fibers, plasticizers and fillers Name 4 types of resilient flooring? ------ Vinyl flooring Rubber flooring Cork flooring Linoleum What are two types of clay tiles? ------ ceramic quarry What 8 characteristics of tile are there? ------ durable water resistant easy to install easy to clean wide choice of colors, sizes and patterns fire resistant fade resistant able to store heat What is a safety issue of tile? ------ Can be slippery Name six kinds of Wall Finishes: ------ Paint Wallpaper Vinyl Wallcovering Fabric Wallcovering Acoustic Panels Stone How should note leader lines be drawn? ------ Either full out horizontal out from note, or with a horiz. start and then a diagonal or veritcal line to the item with an arrow at the end.

How should notes be placed on detailing drawings? ------ Notes should be aligned If regarding outside structural items, on left

What is a detail drawing (3)? ------ A drawing that minutely describes a particular assembly of a building A refinement of the general drawings of the floor plans, elevations, plot plans, etc. Deal with specifics What is the Intent of Details Drawings? ------ To illustrate, on a larger scale, the method of assembly. Accessible Route

A continuous, unobstructed path connecting all accessible elements and spaces in a building or facility. *Corridors, doorways, floors, ramps, elevators, lifts, and clear floor space at fixtures. Minimum clear width for an accessible route: 36" Minimum clear width for a passage point (doorway): 32"*cannot be more than 24" long. If the depth is greater than 24", the width must be increased to 36". Minimum clear width for 2 wheelchairs: 60"*If an accessible route is less than 60" wide, then passing spaces at least 60"x60" must be provided at intervals not to exceed 200' Minimum clear floor space to accommodate one wheelchair: 30" x 48" For maneuverability, what diameter of circle should be provided for a wheelchair to make a 180 turn? 60"*of a T-shaped space may be provided. An accessible route may have a slope up to: 1:20 Minimum space between two doors in a series:

48"*if sufficient clearance is not provided, then the doors must have power-assisted mechanisms or open automatically. Maximum height & slope of a threshold in a doorway: Maximum height: 1/2"Maximum Slope: 1:2 Maximum opening force required to push or pull open an interior hinged door: 5 lbs/ft Typical height for grab bars in a toilet stall: 33"-36" AFF Distance from the centerline of the toilet to the wall & to the closet edge of a lavatory: 18" Maximum height of urinals & clear floor space required: 17" AFF30" x 48" clear floor space Maximum installation height for a mirror: The bottom edge of the reflecting surface must not be higher than40" AFF. Clear floor space required in front of a drinking fountain: 30" x 48" clear floor space If there is a change in level of floor finishes, the transition must meet the following requirements: 1. If the change is less than 1/4", it may be vertical and without edge treatment.2. If the change is between 1/4" and 1/2", it must be beveled with a slope no greater than 1:2 (ie. 1/2" rise requires 1" in length)3. Changes greater than 1/2" must be accomplished with a ramp meeting requirements in the next section. Maximum pile height for carpet: 1/2" pile height In no case can a ramp have a slope greater than: 1:12 (1" rise for every 12" of run)The maximum rise for any ramp is limited to 30"*Changes in elevation greater than this require a level landing before the next run of ramp is encountered. A ramp must have a minimum clear width of: ------- 36"

Minimum length of a landing:

60"*if a ramp changes direction at a landing, the landing must be 60" square Ramps with rises greater than ____ or lengths greater than _____ must have handrails on both sides.

6", 72" A handrail on a ramp muts be from __________ above the ramp surface. They must extend horizontally at least ____ beyond the top and bottom of the ramp segment and have a diameter or width of gripping surface from _____ to ____.

34"-38"12"1 1/4" to 1 1/2" Maximum riser height on a stair is ____________.The treads must be a minimum of ____________.

7" riser max.11" tread min Height of the top of the gripping surface of a handrail along a stair:

34"-38" above the stair nosings Diameter or width of gripping surface of a handrail:

1 1/2" to 1 1/2" Clear space required between the handrail and the wall:

1 1/2" Clear width required between handrails in when an exit stairway is part of an accessible route in an unsprinklered building:

min clear width of 48"

Size requirements for signage for permanent rooms and spaces:

Lettering must be from 5/8" to 2" high, raised 1/32" above the surface of the sign. Lettering must be all uppercase, in sans serif or simple serif type accompanied with Gr 2 Braille.Pictograms must be at least 6" high and must be accompanied by the equivalent verbal description, placed directly below.*must have an eggshell matte or other nonglare finish Location requirements for permanent identification signs:

Signs must be mounted on the wall adjacent to the latch side of the door such that a person can approach to within 3" of the signage without encountering protruding objects or standing within the door swing.Mounting height to the baseline of the lowest tactile character must be from 48" min - 60" max.When there is no wall space to the latch side of the door, including double leaf doors, the sing must be placed on an adjacent wall. Size requirements for directional and informational signs: 5/8" to 3" high, depending on viewing distance Lettering can be upper or lower case Clear floor space that must be provided for an accessible telephone:

30" x 48" Height requirement for floor button in an elevator:

54" AFF for a side approach48" AFF fro a front approach Height requirement for emergency controls in an elevator:

Emergency controls must be grouped with the centerline of the group no higher than 35" AFF. If fixed or built-in seating or tables are provided in accessible public or common-use areas, then at least _____%, or the seating areas must be accessible. 5% (but no less than 1) in places of assembly, no less than 1% of all fixed seats must be aisle seats with no armrests on the aisle side, but must have removable or folding armrests on the aisle side.