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EXAMPLES 1 Show that f(x) = x2 cos x is an even function. Solution: Given that f(x) = x2 cos x Replace x by -x then, f(-x) = (-x)2 cos (-x) = x2 cos x = f(x) Hence given function is an even function.
Example 2: Show that f(x) = x cos x is an odd function. Solution: Given that f(x) = x cos x, replace x by -x then, f(-x) = (-x) cos (-x) = -x cos x = -f(x) So f is an odd function.
Half-Range Expansions
say . To express as a Fourier series means that we need to extend the function to be valid over all . If we choose to extend the function periodically, with period , then we retrieve the results of Section 2.4.1. However, we could also extend the function in an even manner, as shown in Figure 2.5 to get a cosine series or as an odd function to get a sine series.
, where
extension of the function onto the interval is shown as a solid curve and the periodic extension of period is shown as a dot-dash curve. (c) The odd extension of the function, solid curve, and the periodic extension of period , dot-dash curve.
The odd extension of will generate a Fourier series that only involves sine terms and is called the sine half-range expansion. It is given by
(2.15)
where
and
is a positive integer.
On the other hand, the even extension generates the cosine half-range expansion
(2.16)
where
Example 1 Calculate the half range Fourier sine series for the function where .
Now,
When n is even,
thus
EXAMPLE 4
Problem : Find period of
Comparing with of
sin2x is :
af(bx+c)+d, the magnitude of b i.e. |b| is 2. The period of cosine is 2. Hence, period T=22=
EXAMPLE 5
Problem : Find period of function :
f(x)=sin3x
Writing identity for "
We know that period of ag(x) is same as that of g(x). The period of first term of f(x), therefore, is equal to the period of sinx. Now, period of sinx is 2. Hence,
T1=2
We also know that period of g(ax+b) is equal to the period of g(x), divided by |a|. The period of second term of f(x), therefore, is equal to the period of sinx, divided by 3. Now, period of sinx is 2. Hence,
T2=23
Applying LCM rule,