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ORIENTATION MANUAL ELECTRICAL & INSTRUMENTATION (POWER PLANT) SECTION MECON LIMITED, RANCHI 834 002
CONTROLLED COPY
ORIENTATION MANUAL
FOR POWER PLANT ELECTRICS
ELECTRICAL & INSTRUMENTATION (POWER PLANT) SECTION
MECON LIMITED
RANCHI-834002
ORIENTATION MANUAL_ELECTRICS 2009, MECON LIMITED. All Rights Reserved
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CONTENTS
S.N. DESCRIPTION TYPES OF POWER PROJECTS HANDLED RANGE OF SERVICES STANDARDS APPLICABLE DESIGN CRETERIA OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT TECHNICAL FEATURES OF TURBINE GENERATOR SETS SURGE PROTECTION EQUIPMENT FOR GENERATOR GENERATOR NEUTRAL EARTHING GENERATOR TRANSFORMER UNIT AUXILIARY TRANSFORMERS STATION AUXILIARY TRANSFORMERS GENERATOR ISOLATED PHASE BUSDUCT SEGRGATED PHASE BUSDUCT HT SWITCHGEARS 6.6/0.433 kV DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS 415 V POWER CONTROL AND MOTOR CONTROL CENTRE 415 V NON PHASE SEGREGATED BUSDUCT ELECTRICAL INPUTS/OUTPUTS TO/FROM DCS DIESEL GENERATOR SET POWER AND CONTROL CABLES PROTECTIVE RELAYING SYSTEM INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMER MOTOR PLANT ILLUMINATION SYSTEM PLANT EARTHING AND LIGHTNING SYSTEM EHV SWITCHYARD SUBSTATION AUTOMATION SYSTEM SAFETY & OTHER ITEMS SYSTEM STUDIES USE OF AUTOCAD IN ENG. OF POWER PLANT ELECTRICS REFERENCE DRAWING (TYPICAL) PAGE FROM 3 3 3 5 7 8 8 9 9 9 10 10 10 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 22 22 23 23 24 25 29 29 29 30 TO 3 3 5 7 8 8 8 9 9 9 10 10 12 13 14 15 17 18 18 22 22 22 23 24 24 29 29 29 30 30
REVISION STATUS : R0 (27.05.2009)
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01.
TYPES OF POWER PROJECTS HANDLED Greenfield/brown field Thermal Conventional plants, gas turbine Based Combined Cycle Power Plants, DG station based Power Plants. Hydel Power Plants including Large hydroelectric Power Projects (Storage Based and Run of River Schemes) Mini, Micro and small Hydroelectric Power Plant (Canal drop and Hill Based Schemes) Non-conventional like bio-mass based plant Renovation, Modernization and Uprating of thermal as well as hydel power plants conducting RLA, giving recommendations and carrying out R&M.
02.
RANGE OF SERVICES Pre feasibility/Feasibility reports Detailed Project Reports Design Basic Report Basic engineering Preparation of Technical Specification Procurement services covering tender preparation, evaluation of bid, recommendation & assistance in contract finalization. Detailed engineering services Review / approval of vendor drawings, interface engineering etc. Project management & site supervision services Preparation of technical assignments Inspection & expediting services Commissioning & post commissioning assistance Retainer consultancy for power projects Asset evaluation services Lenders engineering services.
03.
STANDARD APPLICABLE Electrical equipment and system design, manufacture, performance, testing, installation and commissioning should comply with all the latest issues of applicable standards, regulations and codes as mentioned below; BIS CMRI DGMS IEEE IER IEA BEE IEC CEA OISD (Latest) Bureau of Indian Standards Central Mines Research institute Director General Mines Safety. Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineer The Indian Electricity Rules The Indian Electricity Act. Bureau of Energy Efficiency, India International Electro-technical Commission Central Electricity Authority Oil Industry Safety Directive Norms
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Petroleum Rules (Latest) Equipment specific statutory regulations
The above standards/norms/guidelines will be used for various power plants and associated electrical substations as applicable. For the projects coming abroad, following standards, practices and statutory requirements should be applicable; 1. Applicable Standards and Codes of Practices prevailing in the State of Bolivia 2. American National Standards Institute (ANSI) C2 : National Electrical Safety Code C37.010 : Application Guide for AC High Voltage Circuit Breakers Rated on a Symmetrical Current Basis C37.04 : Standard Rating Structure for AC High Voltage Circuit Breakers Rated on a Symmetrical Current Basis C37.06 : Switchgear - AC High Voltage Circuit Breakers Rated on a Symmetrical Current Basis -Preferred Ratings and Related Required Capabilities C37.13 : Standard for low Voltage AC Power Circuit Breakers Used in Enclosures C37.20.1 : Standard for Metal-Enclosed Low-Voltage Power Circuit Breaker Switchgear C37.20.2 : Standard Metal-Clad and Station-Type Cubicle Switchgear C37.23 : Guide for Metal-Enclosed Bus and Calculating Losses in Isolated-Phase Bus C37.30 : Definitions and Requirements for High-Voltage Air Switches, Insulators, and Bus Supports C50.41 : Polyphase Induction Motors for Power Generating Stations C57.12.10 : Transformers - Safety Requirements C57.12.55 : Transformers - Dry-Type Transformers Used in Unit Installation, Including Unit Substations C57.12.70 : Terminal Markings and Connections for Distribution and Power Transformers C57.13 : Standard Requirements for Instrument Transformers C57.109 : Guide for Transformer Through-Fault-Current Duration C62.11 : Standard for Metal-Oxide Surge Arresters for AC Power Circuits
3. Industry Standards American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Illuminating Engineering Society (IES) Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) International Electro-technical Commission (IEC) Insulated Cable Engineers Association (ICEA) Instrument Society of America (ISA) National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) National Fire Codes
4. Electric Utility Requirements California ISO

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PG&E Interconnection Requirements Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC) California Energy Commission Utility interconnect requirements for fuel (gas), power transmission, and water
5. U.S. Government Codes, Ordinances, and Standards 6. Federal Aviation Agency (FAA) - Obstruction Marking and Lighting AC No. 70/7460-IJ) In case of conflict between applicable Standards referred to in this part and technical specifications, the Technical Specifications shall govern to the extent of such difference. Equipment complying with other recognized Standards such as BS, VDE, DIN etc. may also be considered if it ensures performance equivalent to or superior to Indian Standards. Equipment and accessories for which Indian Standards are not available, may be designed, manufactured and tested in accordance with the latest issues of recognized Standards such as IEC, BS, VDE, DIN etc. 04. DESIGN CRITERIA OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT Climatic Conditions Electrical Equipment selection and de-rating will generally be based on ambient temperature of 500C. The equipment will be suitable for smooth, efficient and trouble free service in the climate prevailing at the proposed site. Max. design ambient Temp. Relative Humidity Altitude above sea level Hazardous area Classification Electrical Room/Control Room : : : : : 500C 100 % Less than 1000 M above MSL (in India) As applicable Safe area
Standard Voltage Levels Various voltage levels used in the plant along with their earthing arrangement and short circuit levels are given below;
S.N. VOLTAGE LEVEL PHASE ORIENTATION TYPE OF EARTHING SHORT CIRCUIT BREAKING CAPACITY SHORT CIRCUIT MAKING CAPACITY
400 kV 220 kV 132 kV 21 kV 15.75 kV 13.8 kV
Solidly earthed Noneffectively earthed
40 kA for 3 Sec
100 kA
40 kA for 3 Sec
100 kA
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ORIENTATION MANUAL ELECTRICAL & INSTRUMENTATION (POWER PLANT) SECTION MECON LIMITED, RANCHI 834 002 S.N. VOLTAGE LEVEL PHASE ORIENTATION TYPE OF EARTHING SHORT CIRCUIT BREAKING CAPACITY SHORT CIRCUIT MAKING CAPACITY
11 kV
Noneffectively earthed Noneffectively earthed Solidly earthed
40 kA for 3 Sec
100 kA
6.6 kV 3.3 kV 415 V
40 kA for 3 Sec
100 kA
50 kA for 1 Sec
125 kA
Utilization of various Voltage levels Following power utilization standard voltage levels are generally adopted for various electrical systems of the power plant; A. 1. 2. NORMAL AC POWER Generation Voltage
3. 5. 7. 8. 9. B.
C.
11kV, 13.8kV, 15.75kV, 21 kV (As applicable to the generator capacity) Evacuation voltage As 400kV, 3 phase, 3 wire solidly applicable system 220kV, 3 phase, 3 wire solidly system 132kV, 3 phase, 3 wire solidly system Station supply 6.6 kV, 3 phase, 3 wire, unearthed system 415 V, 3 phase, 4 wire, solidly earthed. A.C. drive motors 6.6 kV, 3 phase, 3 wire, unearthed system 415 V, 3 phase, 4 wire, solidly earthed. Welding socket / power 415 V, 3 phase, 50 Hz, A.C. outlets receptacles 240 V, 1 phase, 2 wire, 50 Hz, A.C. outlets Special socket outlets for 24 V, 1 phase, 2 wire, 50 Hz, A.C. through portable lamps for suitable transformers maintenance Sockets for electrical tools, 240 V, 1 phase, 2 wire, 50 Hz, with one point etc. earthed EMERGENCY AC POWER DG SET As 6.6 kV, 3 phase, 3 wire, unearthed 415V,3 phase,4 wire, solidly applicable earthed UPS (power to plant 240 V, 1 phase, 2 wire, 50 Hz, AC As automation system and 110 V, 1 phase, 2 wire, 50 Hz, AC applicable instrumentation) DC POWER
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220 V, 2 wire, unearthed 110V , 2 wire, unearthed 24V, 2 wire, unearthed Permissible variations
As applicable
The electrical system and equipment are designed suitably for following variation in voltage and frequency; Voltage +10% + 10 % - 15 % - 15 % + 1% + 1% Frequency +5% +5% ----------+ 1% ------
Permissible variation with rated performance and control effectiveness maintained Permissible variation for control and regulation equipment with rated performance and control quality maintained Permissible voltage dip at HT switchgear bus during starting of HT motor Permissible voltage dip at MCC bus during starting of LT motors UPS power supply DC power supply Symmetrical short circuit ratings
The short circuit ratings of all the electrical equipment are selected keeping in view the maximum fault level available at the equipment from the various fault feeding systems, mainly generators running in parallel, in case of three phase fault. 400 kV System 220 kV System 132 kV System 6.6 kV System 415 V System 230 V / 110 V UPS supply 220 V/ 110 V / 24 VDC system : : : : : : : 40 kA for 3 Sec 40 kA for 3 Sec 40 kA for 3 Sec 40 kA for 3 Sec 50 kA for 1 Sec 10 kA for 1 Sec 10 kA for 1 sec
Criteria for selection of voltage levels for drive motors AC squirrel cage induction motors above 160 kW are fed at 6.6 kV switchboard. Motors of 110 kW and above are fed directly from the Power Control Centre (PCC) through air circuit breakers with numeric type comprehensive motor protection relays. Motors below 110 kW are fed from Motor Control Centre (MCC) through Moulded Case Circuit Breaker (MCCB) with power contactor and overload relay. System earthing 400 kV System 220 kV System 132 kV System 11 kV System : : : : Solidly earthed Solidly earthed Solidly earthed Resistance earthed
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05.
6.6 kV System 415 V System
: :
Resistance earthed Solidly earthed
TECHNICAL FEATURES OF TURBINE GENERATOR SETS Following unit sizes are generally running in India. However, bigger unit sizes are also being installed with the help of foreign collaborators; TG SIZE
RATED OUTOUT (MW) RATED MVA RATED POWER FACTOR RATED TERMINAL VOLTAGE (kV) RATED SPEED (RPM) STATOR CURRENT (AMP) COOLING TYPE
60MW
60 75 0.8 11 3000 3936 AIR
110MW
110 137.5 0.8 11 3000 7218 AIR
120MW
120 150 0.8 13.8 3000 6276 AIR
210MW
210 262.5 0.8 15.75 3000 9623 AIR/H2
250MW
250 312.5 0.8 15.75 3000 11456 AIR/H2
500MW
500 625 0.8 21 3000 17183 WATER
06.
SURGE PROTECTION EQUIPMENT FOR GENERATOR The surge protection equipment comprising of surge diverter and protective capacitor on each phase of generator terminals to protect the generator against the effect of transient over-voltages. Surge protection equipment along with potential transformer (required for metering and automatic voltage regulation) is mounted in generator isolated phase busduct. Details of these equipments for various capacities of generators are as below;
GENERATOR (MW) GENERATOR TERMINAL VOLTAGE (KV) PROTECTIVE CAPACITOR CAPACITANCE SYSTEM TO EARTH (F) VOLTAGE (KV) SURGE DIVERTER VOLTAGE QUANTITY RATING (KV) REQUIRED (NOS.)
60 110 120 210
11 11 13.8 15.75
0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25
12 12 17.5 24
12 12 15 18
3 (one per phase) 3 (one per phase) 3 (one per phase) 3 (one per phase)
07.
GENERATOR NEUTRAL EARTHING High resistance or resonant grounding of generator neutral is adopted to reduce transient over-voltages, limit damage at the point of fault and contribute to a positive selective relaying in the event of generator stator earth faults. The high resistance or inductive reactance effect is obtained by connecting the primary of a single phase neutral grounding transformer (NGT) between generator neutral and ground
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with the transformer secondary being shunted by either a resistor or an inductance with overvoltage relay and harmonic filter for tripping the generator unit. The value of resistance is chosen such that the energy loss in the resistance is equal to the capacitance kVA of the generator winding, generator surge capacitance, the capacitance of isolated phase busduct and associated generator transformer with respect to earth during ground fault conditions.
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08.
GENERATOR TRANSFORMER (GT) The MVA rating and impedance value of the generator transformers to go with different MW ratings of generators are indicated below;
GENERATOR (MW) 60 110 120 210 500 GENERATOR TRANSFORMER (MVA) 75, 3 PHASE 140, 3 PHASE 140, 3 PHASE 250, 3 PHASE 200, 1 PHASE (3 NOS.) IMPEDANCE (%) 12.5 12.5 12.5 14 12.5 TO 15 % VECTOR GROUP Yd1 Yd1 Yd1 Yd1 Yd1 TYPE OF COOLING OFAF OFAF OFAF OFAF OFAF TYPE OF TAP CHANGER OFF CIRCUIT OFF CIRCUIT OFF CIRCUIT OFF CIRCUIT OFF CIRCUIT
09.
UNIT AUXILIARY TRANSFORMER (UAT) The MVA rating and impedance value of the unit auxiliary transformers to go with different MW ratings of generators are indicated below;
GENERATOR (MW) 60 110 120 210 500 NO. OF UAT 1 1 1 2 2 UAT (MVA) 8 12.5/16 12.5/16 12.5/16 32/40 : IMPEDANCE (%) 7.0 7.5 7.5 7.5 VECTOR GROUP Dd0/Dy11 Dd0/Dy11 Dd0/Dy11 Dd0/Dy11 Dd0/Dy11 TYPE OF COOLING ONAF ONAN/OFAF ONAN/OFAF ONAN/OFAF ONAN/OFAF TYPE OF TAP CHANGER ON LOAD ON LOAD ON LOAD ON LOAD ON LOAD
11 %
SECONDARY NO LOAD VOLTAGE
6.9 kV (11.5 kV FOR 500 MW)
10.
STATION AUXILIARY TRANSFORMER (SAT) Capacity of the station auxiliary transformer is selected such that it include; Power requirement of start up of the largest generator Power requirement of common facilities for running of power plant Power requirement of auxiliaries of one unit in the event of outage of one UAT.
The number and capacity selection of SAT shall be as follows;

GENERATOR (MW) 60 110 120 210 500 TWO 2 x 10 2 x 20 2 x 20 2 x 25 2 x 40 NO. OF TG UNITS INSTALLED THREE FOUR FIVE NUMBER X MVA SELECTED 2 x 10 2 x 12.5 2 x 12.5 2 x 20 2 x 25 2 x 25 2 x 20 2 x 25 2 x 25 2 x 31.5 2 x 31.5 2 x 40 2 x 40 3 x 40 3 x 50 : : : : SIX 2 x 12.5 2 x 25 2 x 25 2 x 40 3 x 50
TYPE OF COOLING OF SAT TYPE OF TAP CHANGER VECTOR GROUP SECONDARY NO LOAD VOLTAGE
ONAN/ONAF/OFAF (AS REQUIRED) ON LOAD TAP CHANGER (OLTC) Yd1 OR YY0 6.9 kV (11.5 kV FOR 500 MW)
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11.
GENERATOR ISOLATED PHASE BUSDUCT The generators are connected with LV terminals of generator transformers through isolated phase busducts. Type of enclosure and continuous current rating of generator busducts are as below;
GENERATOR (MW) 60 110 120 210 500 TYPE OF ENCLOSURE DISCONTINUOUS CONTINUOUS CONTINUOUS CONTINUOUS CONTINUOUS RATED CONTINUOUS CURRENT RATING (AMP) 4000 8000 8000 10000 20000
The fault level withstand capacity of generator busduct is kept such that it can withstand fault current contribution from generator end as well as from grid end through generator transformer. 12. SEGRGATED PHASE BUSDUCT Segregated phase busducts are used for connecting unit auxiliary transformers or station auxiliary transformers with unit or station switchgears. They are generally rated for 6.6 kV with exception for 500 MW which is 11 kV. The current carrying capacities of segregated phase busducts to suit different MVA ratings of transformers are as follows;
TRANSFORMER MVA 8 10 12.5/16 20 25 31.5 40 50 RATED CURRENT OF BUSDUCT (AMP) 800 1000 1600 2000 2500 3150 4000 5000
13.
HT SWITCHGEARS The HT switchgear (11 kV or 6.6 kV) is generally indoor metal clad, free standing, fully drawout type consisting of Vacuum Circuit Breakers or SF6 circuit breakers. The operating mechanism of the circuit breakers are generally stored energy type AC/DC single phase motor operated charging springs. The recommended breaking and making current capabilities of the HT switchgears are generally taken the maximum available in the Indian market. Symmetrical breaking capacity Making capacity
: :
40 kA for 3 Sec 100 kA
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The break time of the circuit breaker is not more than 4 cycle (50 Hz basis). The other technical particulars of the HT switchgears are as follows; Nominal system voltage Highest system voltage Impulse withstand voltage One minute power frequency withstand voltage : : : : 6.6 kV 7.2 kV 60 kVpeak 20kVrms 11 kV 12 kV 75 kVpeak 28kVrms
Following digital/analog input/output to/from shall be interfacing with the DCS/PLC;

FEEDER INCOMER LINE PT BUS PT OUTGOINGS I/O FROM/TO DCS/PLC MW, kWH, I, V, MVAR, ON/OFF/TRIPPED STATUS & AVAILABILITY OF BREAKER V, UNDERVOLTAGE V, UNDERVOLTAGE, VOLTAGE AVAILABLE (R, Y, B) I, MW, MVAR, kWH, ON/OFF/TRIPPED STATUS & AVAILABILITY OF BREAKER TRIP/START, ON/OFF/TRIPPED STATUS FOR MOTOR FEEDERS BUCH/OTI/WTI/OIL LEVEL LOW ALARM & TRIP POINTS FOR TRANSFORMER FEEDERS I, ON/OFF/TRIPPED STATUS & AVAILABILITY OF BREAKER BUSCOUPLER/TIE
The details of major protections are elaborated below.

FEEDER INCOMER (FROM UNIT AUXILIARY TRANSFORMERS) PROTECTION OVERCURRENT (INST O/C (50) + TIMER & IDMT O/C (51-3POLE) WITH TRIP CIRCUIT SUPERVISION INST. EARTH FAULT (50N) STANDBY EARTH FAULT (51N) RESTRICTED EARTH FAULT (64) DIFFERENTIAL (87) RELAYS (87, 64 & 51N) ARE EXCLUDED FROM THE SCOPE OF CONTRCATOR. HOWEVER, HOWEVER, PS CLASS CTs WILL BE PROVIDED FOR 87 & 64. SUMMATION CT/ICT WILL BE PROVIDED BY THE CONTRACTOR AS PER REQUIREMENT OVERCURRENT (INST O/C (50) + TIMER & IDMT O/C (51-3POLE) WITH TRIP CIRCUIT SUPERVISION EARTH FAULT (51 N-SINGLE POLE) INST. EARTH FAULT (50N) OFF TIME DELAY RELAY FOR AUTOCLOSING OVERCURRENT (INST O/C (50) + TIMER & IDMT O/C (51-3POLE) UNDERVOLTAGE (27) (TWO NOS.) + TIMER (2) NEUTRAL DISPLACEMENT RELAY (13) PT FUSE FAILURE RELAY (97) UNDERVOLTAGE (27) (FOUR NOS. : 2 NOS. FOR NO VOLT & 2 NOS. FOR U/V RELAY) + TIMER (2) (THREE NOS.) PT FUSE FAILURE RELAY (97)
OTHER INCOMERS/TIES
BUS COUPLER
LINE PT
BUS PT
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ORIENTATION MANUAL ELECTRICAL & INSTRUMENTATION (POWER PLANT) SECTION MECON LIMITED, RANCHI 834 002 FEEDER OUTGOING TRANSFORMER FEEDER (OIL FILLED TRANSFORMER) PROTECTION OVERCURRENT (IDMT O/C 3 POLE WITH INST. UNIT (50/51) EARTHFAULT (DEF. TIME O/C, 50 N SINGLE POLE) STANDBY EARTH FAULT (51N) AUX. RELAYS, VAA 33/31 EQUIVT. (THREE NOS.) FOR WINDING TEMP ALARM & TRIP (49W) OIL TEMP ALARM & TRIP (49) BUCHHOLZ RELAY ALARM & TRIP (63) OVERCURRENT (IDMT O/C 3 POLE WITH INST. UNIT (50/51) EARTHFAULT (DEF. TIME O/C, 50 N SINGLE POLE) STANDBY EARTH FAULT (51N) AUX. RELAYS, VAA 33/31 EQUIVT. (THREE NOS.) FOR WINDING TEMP ALARM & TRIP (49W) OVERCURRENT (INST O/C (50) + TIMER & IDMT O/C (51-3POLE) EARTHFAULT (51 N-SINGLE POLE) AUX. RELAYS (SUFFICIENT NOS.) COMPREHENSIVE MOTOR PROTECTION RELAY (99) DIFFERENTIAL RELAY FOR 1 MW & ABOVE TRIPPING THROUGH UNDERVOLTAGE RELAY (27) TO BE PROVIDED IN BUS PT PANEL WITH TIMER (2) VAA11 EQUIVT. TO HAVE PROVISION TO RECEIVE TECHNOLOGICAL FAULT
OUTGOING TRANSFORMER FEEDER (DRY TYPE TRANSFORMER) OUTGOING POWER SUPPLY FEEDER OUTGOING MOTOR FEEDER
METERING
FEEDER INCOMERS/TIE METER AMMETER (DIGITAL) * VOLTMETER * KWH METER (DIGITAL) MULTI FUNCTION METER (DIGITAL) AMMETER (DIGITAL) * VOLTMETER * VOLTMETER * AMMETER (DIGITAL) * MULTI FUNCTION METER (DIGITAL) AMMETER (DIGITAL) * MULTI FUNCTION METER (DIGITAL)
BUS COUPLER LINE PT BUS PT OUTGOING POWER SUPPLY & TRAFO FEEDER OUTGOING MOTOR FEEDER
* Provision shall be kept for duplicate meters at remote places. Digital multifunction meters (MFM) shall be provided in addition to all other individual meters with load read out facility. MFM shall be capable of communicating with DCS/PLC and shall be provided with battery back up. kWH meters shall be microprocessor based digital type, 3 phase, 4 wire and of class 0.2 accuracy. The energy meters shall be PT wired, not from any auxiliary supply. This shall also have capability to communicate to DCS/PLC. 14. 6.6/0.433 kV DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS
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The 6.6/0.433kV distribution transformers are used as part of various load centre substations in the power plant. The preferred capacities are 630kVA, 800kVA, 1000kVA, 1600kVA and 2000kVA. Both types of transformers, oil filled (generally taken outdoor) as well as dry type (generally taken indoor), are used in the power plant. Technical particulars of the distribution transformers are as follows; 15. Vector group Tap changer Range of tap changer Impulse withstand voltage Power frequency withstand voltage Short time rating : : : : : : Dy11 or Dy1 Off circuit + 5% @ 2.5 % on HV side 60 kVpeak 28 kVrms As per IS 2026
415 V POWER CONTROL AND MOTOR CONTROL CENTRE (PCC & MCC) 415 V power control centre (PCC) is LT switchgears consisting of fully draw-out type electrically operated air circuit breakers. Short circuit with stand capacity of PCC is 50 kA for 1 Sec. The enclosure class of PCC is IP-54. The air circuit breakers are stored energy type, spring charged motor operated. Generally the outgoing feeders are power supply feeders, however, motors of 110 kW and above are also fed directly from PCC through ACB. ACBs will be provided with microprocessor based numerical type release. 415 V motor control centre (MCC) is LT switchgears consisting of fully draw-out type electrically operated air circuit breakers as incomers and bus coupler. Outgoing feeders are generally consisting of moulded case circuit breaker (MCCB), power contactor (PC) and thermal overload (O/L) relay. Switch Fuse Unit (SFU) can also be used in place of MCCB. Short circuit with stand capacity of MCC is also 50 kA for 1 Sec. The enclosure class of MCC is IP-54. The air circuit breakers are similar to PCC. For motors rated below 110 kW, MCCB along with overload relay and power contactors will be considered. For motors rated above 5 kW and below 110 kW, numeric relay, MPR-300 or equivalent for thermal over load protection and MCCB for short circuit protection will be provided. For motors rated below 5 kW, MPCB may be considered in place of MCCB. Hence feeders for these motors will have bimetallic relays for thermal over load protection and MPCB/MCCB for short circuit protection. Single phasing protection will also be provided in all the MCC modules. METERING Following metering will be provided in various MCC/DBs;
415 V MCC 1. 415 V INCOMER AMMETER (DIGITAL TYPE) VOLTMETER MULTIFUNCTION METER (DIGITAL)
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ORIENTATION MANUAL ELECTRICAL & INSTRUMENTATION (POWER PLANT) SECTION MECON LIMITED, RANCHI 834 002 2. 3. BUS COUPLER OUTGOING MOTOR FEEDER 415 V PDB 1. 415 V INCOMER 2. OUTGOING AMMETER (DIGITAL TYPE) AMMETER (DIGITAL TYPE) AMMETER (DIGITAL TYPE) VOLTMETER AMMETER (DIGITAL TYPE)
Multifunction meters (MFM) will be digital type with load read out facility and will be capable of communicating with PLC. MFM will be provided with battery back up for memory. The following parameters shall be followed; Nominal voltage Highest voltage Short circuit withstand voltage Impulse withstand voltage of ACB Impulse withstand voltage of MCCB Termination Degree of protection : : : : : : : 415 V 1.1 kV 50 kA for 1 Sec 6 kV 4 kV I/C :: busduct/cable (as applicable) O/G :: Cable IP-54
Selection of power components & wiring for continuous duty cage motor drives is given below; Motor Minimu Rating at S1 m rating Duty (KW ) of MCCB Up to 3.7 5.5 7.5 11 15 18.5 22 30 37 45 55 75 90 110 125 135 160 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Minimum rating of contactor (AMPS) AC3 duty 25 40 40 40 63 63 63 100 100 160 160 200 400 400 400 400 400 Minimum size for power connections internal Minimum size of power cable Copper wire Aluminium flat Aluminium (sq.mm) (sq.mm) (mm x mm )** 4 --4x 2.5(copper) 4 --4x 2.5(copper) 6 --4x6 6 --4 x 16 10 --4 x 16 16 12 x 2 3.5 x 35 16 12 x 2 3.5 x 35 25 12 x 2 3.5 x 70 35 15 x 3 3.5 x 70 50 15 x 3 3.5 x 95 70 20 x 3 3.5 x 120 95 20 x 5 3.5 x 185 20 x 5 3.5 x 185 30 x 5 2(3.5 x 120) 40 x 5 2(3.5 x 120) 40 x 5 2(3.5 x 120) 40 x 5 2(3.5 x 185)
* Minimum rating of MCCB will be selected to achieve type `2' protection. ** Copper flat of equivalent size can be used instead of aluminium flat. 16. 415 V NON PHASE SEGREGATED BUSDUCT
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The busduct shall be rectangular non phase segregated totally enclosed type. The busduct will be designed as per IS 8623. However, bus bar arrangement and marking will be as per IS 5578. Busbar material will be EC grade Aluminium alloy equivalent to E91E WP conforming to IS 5082. The following busduct parameters shall be followed; 17. Short circuit level Type Rated continuous current Insulation class One min p.f. withstand voltage Material of enclosure Degree of protection : 50 kA for 1 Sec Non-phase segregated : 00 A : 1.1 kV : 2.5 kV : Aluminium : IP-52
ELECTRICAL INPUTS/OUTPUTS TO/FROM DCS Following electrical I/Os shall be made realized and interfaced through DCS. I/Os of Generator Voltage in each phase Frequency Line to line voltage Current in each phase Power factor Power in MW and MVAR kWh kVARh Max. demand in KVA & kW Bearing temp. RTD indicator Auxiliary power Excitation field current Exciter field voltage Inlet & Outlet cooling air temp. Individual electrical alarm & fault condition
I/Os of other electrical equipment/systems

ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT I/Os
Unit Protection Generators Generator Transformers EHV bay
Status of relays for Generator, GT and UAT, SAT, etc. MW, MVAR, V, F, I, PF, Stator temp. Field V, I, trip status/running hours, etc. Bucholz, OTI, WTI, Alarm & trip conditions, etc MW, kWH, I, ON/OFF/Tripped, status and availability of breakers, Open/closed status of isolator (each)
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ORIENTATION MANUAL ELECTRICAL & INSTRUMENTATION (POWER PLANT) SECTION MECON LIMITED, RANCHI 834 002 ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT I/Os
EHV bus HT Unit auxiliary transformers HT Station transformer LT auxiliary transformers 6.6 kV switchgear Incomers 6.6 kV switchgear bus coupler/tie 6.6 kV bus 6.6 kV transformer feeders (for each breaker) 6.6 kV motor feeders 415 V switchgear Incomers 415 V bus coupler 415 V motor feeders 415 V bus 415 V MCC Incomers / buscoupler 415 V MCC outgoing to critical drives
V, Under Voltage Bucholz, OTI, WTI, Alarm & trip conditions, etc Bucholz, OTI, WTI, Alarm & trip conditions, etc Bucholz, OTI, WTI, Alarm & trip conditions MW, I, V, ON/OFF/Tripped, status and availability of breakers I, ON/OFF/Tripped, status and availability of breakers V, Under Voltage (for each section ) I, MW, ON/OFF/Tripped, Bucholtz, OTI, WTI/Oil level, Alarm & trip conditions, status and availability of breakers (OTI & oil level not applicable for AN transformers) MW, MVAR, I (for each feeder), ON/OFF/Tripped, status and availability of breakers KW, I,V, ON/OFF/Tripped, status and availability of breakers I (for each buscoupler), ON/OFF/Tripped, status and availability of breakers kW, I (for each feeder), ON/OFF/Tripped, Ready to start, status and availability of breakers V, Under Voltage (for each section ) kW, I, V, status and availability of breakers, etc. KW, I, Ready to start, ON/OFF/Tripped, status and availability of breakers, etc.
Following shall be provided in adequate numbers and capacities; Data bus with data concentrators in the switchgears Transducers including multifunctional transducers Adequate numbers of CT- PT outputs in the switchgears Potential free contacts in the switchgears Auxiliary relays and aux. CTs in the switchgears
DC SYSTEM DC system in the power plant consist of the following; Battery bank Battery charger DC distribution board (DCDB)
The battery, which is always on float mode, starts supplying DC power automatically to emergency loads as soon as AC power fails. The battery may be of various types Lead acid (tubular)
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Lead acid (Plante) VRLA SMF (Valve regulated lead acid sealed maintenance free) Ni Cd (Nickel Cadmium)
Generally, 220V, 110V and 24 V are used in power plants. Ampere Hour (AH) capacity of battery is selected based on requirement of DC emergency power supply at least for one hour. DC system in power plant is used to cater the requirement of the following essential loads; TG lubrication oil pups TG sealing oil pumps Control supply to HT/LT switchgears Emergency lighting Fire protection and alarm system Control & instrumentation system Plant communication system
Number and capacity of battery banks are selected as per the unit sizes of the plant as follows;
GENERATOR (MW) 60 110 120 210 500 NUMBER OF SETS ONE FOR EVERY TWO UNITS ONE FOR EACH UNIT ONE FOR EACH UNIT ONE FOR EACH UNIT ONE FOR EACH UNIT AMPERE HOUR CAPACITY OF BATTERY BANK (10 HOURS RATING) 1050 800 800 1350 1700
Battery banks for the switchyard is provided separately. 18. DIESEL GENERATOR SET Diesel generator set is provided in the power plant to provide emergency AC power to critical and emergency drives for safe shutdown of the units. It auto-starts in case of black out with the help of 24 V battery banks through Auto Mains Failure (AMF) system. Following are essential loads in the power plants which are generally fed from DG sets; AC seal oil pump Air pre-heater Barring gear motors Lubricating oil pumps Stator water cooling pumps Seal air fans Lifts Emergency AC lighting Scanner air fans Battery chargers
Page 18 of 32
Recommended capacities of DG sets are as follows;

GENERATOR (MW) 60 110 120 210 500 NUMBER OF DG SETS ONE FOR EVERY TWO UNITS ONE FOR EVERY TWO UNITS ONE FOR EVERY TWO UNITS ONE FOR EACH UNIT ONE FOR EACH UNIT KVA RATING OF DG SETS 500 625 625 1000 1250
19.
POWER AND CONTROL CABLES Following cables are used in power plant; HT power cables (PVC/XLPE), 6.6 kV (UE), Al, armoured / un-armoured for 6.6 kV system LT power cable (PVC/XLPE), 1.1 kV grade, Al, armoured for 415 V system LT control cables (PVC), 1.1 kV grade, Cu Communication & signal cables
Choice of number and size of cables depends upon the two factors, one current carryng capacities and other magnitude of short circuit current and its clearing time . Power & Control cables will have the following specification; Power Cable (AYWY / YWY / YWaY with FRLS characteristics) Stranded Aluminium / Annealed Copper Conductor as per application required. PVC insulation Type C as per IS 5831, FRLS Inner sheath will be ST2 GI wire armoured (Al wire armoured in single core cable) Outer sheath of cable will be ST2. Voltage grade 1100 V Applicable standard: IS-1554, Part - I
Control Cable (YWY / YY with FRLS characteristics) Stranded Annealed multi-core Copper Conductor 2.5 sq mm PVC insulation - Type C as per IS 5831, FRLS Inner sheath will be ST2 Steel wire armored / Un-armoured as for application required Outer sheath will be ST2 Voltage grade 1100 V Applicable Standard: IS-1554 Part I.
Lighting Cable / Wire in conduit 1.5 mm2 stranded Copper HR PVC insulated wire in concealed PVC conduit will be used in Lighting fixtures. (including in point wiring).
Page 19 of 32
20.
3 core 2.5 mm2 stranded copper cable (YWY) will be used for flameproof fixtures. (including in street light fixture). 4 core 2.5 mm2 stranded copper cable (YWY) will be used from outdoor lighting DB to junction box on the lighting poles. 3 core 2.5 mm2 stranded copper cable (YWY) will be used from junction box on the lighting poles to lighting fixture (including in street light fixture). 4 mm2 stranded copper HR PVC insulated wire in concealed PVC conduit for 5/15A Switch Socket, 20A Industrial Switch Socket will be used.
PROTECTIVE RELAYING SYSTEM The protective relays used for protecting various equipment shall be numerical type with communication facilities and shall provide adequate redundancy. They shall be selected or grouped that in the event of non-availability of any relay or any one group, for any reason, e.g. power supply failure, on-line testing of any relay or many relays or any other reason whatsoever, the relays in other group shall completely protect the respective equipment since the same is expected to be energized / running. Selection of protective scheme will be based mainly on reliability (main & standby), sensitivity, selectivity. All main protections shall be fast acting type in order to clear the faulty system from the healthy system in earliest possible time to minimize damage to equipment and ensure continuity of power supply, if possible. Tenderer shall suitably design tripping system covering different protection under different class of trippings of generator and turbine. Following protections are used for various electrical equipment; Generator Protection Generator differential protection Generator interturn fault protection Generator stator 100% earth fault protection Generator stator earth fault (0-95%) protection Standby stator earth fault (0-95%) protection Generator field winding earth fault protection Generator negative sequence protection Generator low forward power relay Generator reverse power protection Loss of excitation protection Generator pole slipping protection Generator under frequency protection Generator over voltage protection Generator back up impedance protection Generator stator over-current protection Generator VT fuse failure protection Generator field over voltage protection Generator over-fluxing protection Bearing failure protection
Protection for Generator Transformer & Unit Auxiliary transformer

Page 20 of 32
Generator transformer differential protection Over current and earth fault protection on HV & LV side Backup over current and earth fault protection on HV & LV side Back-up earth fault protection on GT HV neutral Restricted earth fault protection on HT side for GT and LT side for UAT Buchholz relay (alarm & trip) Winding temperature protection (alarm & trip) Oil temperature Protection (alarm & trip) Oil level alarm and trip Differential protection for Generator transformer and UAT. Overall generator & generator transformer and UAT differential protection. Back up over current protection of UAT UAT stand by earth fault protection Auxiliary relays for generator transformer and UAT for receiving transformer alarm and trip.
HT Switchgear protection Inst. and time over current relay Inst & time earth fault relay Comprehensive motor protection relay (for motors) Under voltage tripping relay Differential protection for HT transformers Differential protection for motor (for 1MW and above) Over current and earth fault protection of transformers on LV side Backup over current and earth fault protection of transformers LV side Restricted earth fault protection of transformers Neutral displacement relay
415 V PCC/MCC protection Over current protection Time over current protection Earth fault protection Standby earth fault protection Synchro check protection Under voltage protection Time under voltage protection Motor protection relay (for MCC only)
LT Transformer protection Over current and earth fault protection on HV & LV side Backup over current and earth fault protection on HV & LV side Buchholz relay (alarm & trip) For oil filled only Winding temperature protection (alarm & trip)
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Oil temperature Protection (alarm & trip) For oil filled only Oil level alarm and trip For oil filled only
Motor Protection Instantaneous over current protection Differential protection (for rating above 1000 kW) Instantaneous time over current protection in two phases and definite time delayed over current alarm on the third phase Negative phase sequence protection Thermal overload taking -ve and +ve phase sequence into account Earth fault Locked rotor protection Winding temp monitoring and alarm for rating beyond 1000 kW Under voltage protection
Protection of 220 kV switchyard Back up protection scheme (for 220 kV CBs) Bus Transfer scheme (220 kV) Bus zone differential scheme (220 kV) Distance Protection Scheme (For 220 kV line) Directional Earth Fault Protection (for 220 kV line) Time over current ground protection Directional over current protection Directional over current ground protection Local breaker back up protection Bus differential protection Protections of transformers as indicated above REF for transformers
General Technical requirement of protective relays All numeric relays including motor protection relay shall also have following facilities; 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Communication facility with open protocol like IEC/Modbus. Relay should store last five fault records (minimum) with date and time stamping. Relay should have no. of start menu for start inhibition. Relay should have facility for displaying three phase and neutral current Relay should have heavy duty tripping contact which will be used for breaker tripping Battery back up facilities
Relays shall also have technical features in line with the following requirements; CT secondary shall be site selected 1A/5A. Minimum 5 number of faults and 75 event records. 15 seconds of disturbance record (5 records each of 3 sec) Front port (RS232) for local communication and rear port (RS485) for remote communication shall be available in the relays.
Page 22 of 32
Communication facility with open protocol
Transformer differential protection Transformer differential protection shall have following features; 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Shall have harmonic restraint feature. Shall have ICTs if required. Shall operate with increase of 15% (fixed) relay rated current. Shall have bias settings (adjustable) Shall be stable for outside zone faults Relay shall withstand twice rated current continuously and 40 times rated current for 3 s. Relay shall withstand 5 kV impulse voltage test as per IEC. Shall be immune to magnetising in rush. Relay shall be single pole equivalent of GEC-Alsthom MBCH type
Comprehensive numeric motor protection including but not limited to the following; Instantaneous over current protection for three phases Differential protection (for rating above 1000 kW) Instantaneous time over current protection in two phases and definite time delayed over current alarm on the third phase Negative phase sequence protection Thermal overload taking -ve and +ve phase sequence into account Earth fault Locked rotor protection Winding temp monitoring and alarm for rating beyond 1000 kW Under voltage protection
The Motor Protection Relays will also have the following additional features; Fault recording facility Password protection Local/remote communication facility with open protocol Minimum 4 nos. BI and 4 nos. BO 21. INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMER Following current transformers are used in power plant; Metering CT, class 1.0 Protection CT, class 5P20 Differential CT, class PS
Following voltage transformers are used in power plant; 22. Metering PT, class 1.0 Protection PT, class 3.0
MOTOR
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Generally, squirrel cage motors suitable for 6.6 kV and 415 V are used in power plants. Technical details of sq. cage motors are as follows; Insulation class Temp rise limited to Enclosure class Winding Voltage : : : : : F Class B IP-55 HT- Star, LT Delta 6.6 kV or 415 V (as applicable)
The drive motor will have at least 15 % margin over the maximum power requirement of the driven equipment after considering all losses, derating due to temperature and specific site and operating conditions. Apart from above, DC motors, special motors, etc are used, wherever required.
Page 24 of 32
23.
PLANT ILLUMINATION Following illuminations are provided in power plants; AC normal lighting (from 230 V AC single phase supply) AC emergency lighting (from 230 V AC single phase supply from DG sets) DC emergency lighting (from 220V /110 V DC battery) Portable lights
Sufficient illumination level in Lux (as specified below) is maintained in each and every premise of the power plant. 24. Control room Turbine Hall Switchgear room Pump House Boiler platform Cable galleries Switchyard : : : : : : : 400 Lux 200 Lux 250 Lux 250 Lux 50 Lux 70 Lux 100 Lux
PLANT EARTHING AND LIGHTNING SYSTEM Earthing Complete earthing of the plant includes the following; 1. 2. 3. 4. Earthing mat in the complete plant Equipment earthing / Structure earthing Electronic earthing, etc Ring earthing at substations and in switchgear rooms
The earthing protection system shall be generally designed on the basis of the following codes & standards: IS 3043 Code of practices for safety and standards IEEE 80 Guide for safety in AC substation grounding Indian Electricity Rules In case of HT system, E/F current is made to flow through copper screen tape provided over inner sheathing. Screen will be connected to earth bus at both ends. In case of LT the TN-S system is followed, i.e. neutral bus of the switchgear shall be connected to switchgear earth bus and then to MCCs through armouring of cable. Main underground earth mat is done of 40 mm MS rod and earth electrode shall be 3 mtr long 40 mm MS rod. The earth mat is provided in complete area. Separate RF earthing system shall be provided for all electronic equipment like PCs, instrument panels, computer etc.
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Conductor sizes to be used for earthing are as follows; Equipments Mains Grid 6.6 kV switchgears 415 V switchgears Transformer neutrals Transformer body UPS, UPS DB & Other DBs 3.75 KW to 55 KW 0.375 KW to 3.75 KW Other equipment Cable trays Earthing Conductor size : : : : : : : : : : 40 mm dia MS rod 75 x 10 mm GI flat 65 x 8 mm GI flat 75 x 10 mm GI flat 50 x 6 mm GI flat 25 x 5 mm GI flat 25 x 5 mm GI flat 8 SWG solid ( 4 mm ) GI wire 25 x 5 mm GI flat 50x 6 mm GI flat
Lightning protection All buildings and plant structures are protected against atmospheric flash over and lightning strokes in such a manner as to eliminate any danger to the personnel employed therein as per IS : 2309 1969. A 'Faraday Cage' made of hot galvanised strip steel connected to all buried pipes and steel structures crossing this cage ring is laid around each main building or plant unit as earthing device. 25. EHV SWITCHYARD The switchyard is required for interconnection of power plant with the grid. It also provides evacuation of generated power from the plant as well as start up power from the grid. Each generator transformer has its own bay. Similarly, each line has its own bay. Station transformer has its own dedicated bay. One bay is consisting of SF6 breaker, isolators, CT, bus support insulators, etc. The voltage levels may be 400 kV, 220kV, 132kV as applicable for various types and sizes of the plant. The 400kV and 220 kV switchyard has three bus system, two main buses and one transfer bus. 132 kV switchyard has generally of two bus system, main and transfer bus. Main equipment of the switchyard are as follows; SF6 breaker Isolator with/without earth switch Current Transformer Potential Transformer Bus support insulators Overhead conductors Tubular busbars Capacitive voltage transformers Wave traps
Page 26 of 32
26.
SUBSTATION AUTOMATION SYSTEM The Substation Automation System (SAS) shall be suitable for control and monitoring of the complete EHV switchyard including interfacing with plant DCS. Various components/equipment of SCADA system e.g. BCU, IED, HMI, Ethernet network and elements shall meet the standards as specified below; Environment Standard Type Test Name Insulation Resistance Dielectric Withstand Type Test Standard IEC 60255-5 IEC60255-5 IEEE C37.90 Conditions 100 M at 500 Vdc (CM & DM) 50 Hz, 1mn, 2kV (CM), 1kV (DM) 50 Hz, 1mn, 1kV (CM) G 1.4 & 1.5 500V CM G 6 :1,5 kV CM 5kV (CM), 3kV (DM) 2kV (CM) Groups 1 to 6 :5 kV CM & 3 kV DM(1) Not on 1.4 & 1.5 : 5 kV CM & 3 kV DM(1) Test Ec : 2 falls from 5cm Test Ed : 2 falls from 0,5m 2 falls of 5 cm (Computer not powered) 25 falls of 50 cm (1) (2) (Packaging computer) Class 2 : 1g from 2 to 150Hz Classe 2 : Acceleration : 1g from 10 (1) to 150Hz Class 2 : 2g from 2 to 500Hz Classe 2 : Acceleration : 2g from 10 (1) to 500Hz Class 2 : 1g from 10 to 150Hz Classe 2 : Acceleration : 1g from 10 (1) to 500Hz Class 1 : 15g, 11 ms Class 2 : 10g, 11 ms Class 1 : 10g, 16ms, 2000/axis
High Test
Voltage
Impulse IEC 60255-5
Free Fall Test Free Fall Packaging Test
IEC 60068-2-31 IEC 60068-2-32
Vibration Response Powered On
IEC 60255-21-1
Vibration Response Not IEC 60255-21-1 Powered On
Vibration Endurance Not Powered On
IEC 80068-2-6
Shocks Not Powered IEC 60255-21-2 On Shocks Powered On IEC 60255-21-2 Bump Test Powered On Not IEC 60255-21-2
Page 27 of 32
Type Test Name Type Test Standard Seismic Test Powered IEC 60255-21-3 On
Damp Heat Test Operating Cold Test - Operating Cold Test - Storage
- IEC 60068-2-3 IEC 60068-2-1 IEC60068-2-1
Dry Heat Operating
Test
IEC 60068-2-2
Conditions Class 1 : Axis H : 3,5mm 2g Axis V : 3,5mm 1g Classe 2 : Acceleration : 2g Displacement : 7,5mm selon axe H Acceleration : 1g Displacement : 3,5mm selon axe V Test Ca : +40C / 10 days / 93% RH Test Ab : -10C / 96h Test Ab : - 25c / 96 H Test Ad : -40C / 96h Powered On at 25C (for information) Powered On at 40C (for information) Test Bd : 55C / 96h 70C / 2h 70c / 24 H
Dry Heat Test Storage Enclosure Protection Inrush current (start-up) Supply variation
IEC 60068-2-1 IEC 60529
IEC 60255-6
Overvoltage (peak IEC 60255-6 withstand) Supply interruption IEC 60255-11 40 s interruption Ripple (frequency fluctuations) Supply variations AC Voltage dips & short interruptions Frequency fluctuations IEC 60255-11 IEC 60255-11 IEC 60255-6 EN 61000-4-11 IEC 60255-6
Test Bd :+70C / 96h Powered On at +70C Front : IP=52 Rear : IP=30 T < 1,5 ms / I < 20 A T < 150 ms / I < 10 A T > 500 ms / I < 1,2 In Vn 20% Vn+30% & Vn-25% for information 1,32 Vn max 2 Vn during 10 ms (for information) From 2,5 ms to 1 s at 0,8 Vn 50 ms at Vn, no malfunction (for information) 12% Vn at f=100Hz or 120Hz 12% Vn at f=200Hz for information Vn 20% 2ms to 20ms & 50ms to 1s 50 ms at Vn, no malfunction (for information 50 Hz : from 47 to 54 Hz 60 Hz : from 57 to 63 Hz 2 Vn during 10 ms (for information) Class 3 : 2.5kV (CM) / 1kV (DM) Class 2 : 1kV (CM)
Voltage withstand High Frequency IEC 60255-22-1 Disturbance IEC 61000-4-12
Page 28 of 32
Type Test Name Electrostatic discharge Radiated Immunity
Type Test Standard IEEE C37.90.1 IEC 60255-22-2 IEC 61000-4-2 IEC 60255-22-3 IEC 61000-4-3 IEEE C37.90.2
Conditions Class 4 : 8kV contact / 15 kV air Class 3 : 10 V/m 80 to 1000 MHz & spot tests 35 V/m 25 to 1000 MHz Class 4 : 4kV 2.5kHz (CM & DM) Class 3 2 kV - 2,5 kHz MC Class 3 :
Fast Transient Burst
IEC 60255-22-4 IEC 61000-4-4 IEEE C37.90.1
2kV 5kHz (CM)

Surge immunity IEC 61000-4-5 Class 4 : 4kV (CM) 2kV (DM) Class 3 : 2kV (CM) on shield Class 4 :
4kV (CM) for information

High frequency conducted IEC 61000-4-6 immunity Harmonics Immunity IEC 61000-4-7 Power Frequency IEC 61000-4-8 Magnetic Field Immunity Class 3 : 1 kV MC Class 3 : 10 V, 0.15 80 MHz 5% & 10% de H2 H17 Class 4 : 50 Hz 30 A/m permanent 300 A/m short time Class 5 : 100A/m for 1mn 1000A/m for 3s CM 500 V / DM 250 V via 0.1 F Gr. I, class A and B : from 0.15 to 30 MHz Gr. I, class A and B : from 30 to 1000 MHz, 10m
Power Frequency Conducted emission Radiated emission
IEC 61000-4-16 EN 55022 EN 55022
Communication standard IEC 61850 IEC 61850-8-1: Communication networks and systems in substations Part 8-1: Specific communication service mapping (SCSM) Mapping to MMS(ISO/IEC 9506 Part 1 and Part 2
Telecontrol protocol IEC 608670-5-101 IEC 608670-5-104.
Page 29 of 32
Legacy protection protocol IEC 60870-5-103 International standards First release 1997-12 MODBUS
Automation standard IEC 61131-3
I/OS OF SCADA SYSTEM

SN BAYS DIGITAL INPUT Breaker status (On, Off/Tripped) Isolator status (each) Earth switch status Relay status (each) Availability of breaker Availability of isolator Breaker status (On, Off/Tripped) Isolator status (each) Earth switch status Relay status (each) Availability of breaker Availability of isolator Alarm for WTI/OTI/Buch Trip status of WTI/OTI/Buch OLTC status Cooling fan/pump status Breaker status (On, Off/Tripped) Isolator status (each) Earth switch status Relay status (each) Availability of breaker Availability of isolator Breaker status (On, Off/Tripped) Isolator status (each) Earth switch status Relay status (each) Availability of breaker Availability of isolator Breaker status (On, Off/Tripped) Isolator status (each) Earth switch status Relay status (each) Availability of breaker Availability of isolator DIGITAL OUTPUT Close command Open command ANALOG INPUT MW, MVAR, Export / Import, Voltage, Current Frequency, MWH, MVARH, P.F. Relay parameters (each) MW, MVAR, Export / Import, Voltage, Current Frequency, MWH, MVARH, P.F. WTI, OTI Relay parameters (each)
1.
GT BAY
2.
SAT BAY
Close command Open command OLTC command
3.
Bus Tie cum Bus Coupler Bay (BCBT)
Close command Open command
MW, MVAR, Voltage, Current, Relay parameters (each)
4.
GRIDCO # 1 line feeder bay
MW, MVAR, Export / Import, Voltage, Current Frequency, MWH, MVARH, P.F. Relay parameters (each) MW, MVAR, Export / Import, Voltage, Current Frequency, MWH, MVARH, P.F. Relay parameters (each)
5.
O/G BAY
LINE
Page 30 of 32
ORIENTATION MANUAL ELECTRICAL & INSTRUMENTATION (POWER PLANT) SECTION MECON LIMITED, RANCHI 834 002 SN BAYS DIGITAL INPUT DIGITAL OUTPUT Close command Open command ANALOG INPUT MW, MVAR, Export / Import, Voltage, Current Frequency, MWH, MVARH, P.F. Relay parameters (each)
6.
Bus PT and Breaker status (On, Off/Tripped) general Isolator status (each) services
Earth switch status Relay status (each) Availability of breaker Availability of isolator
27.
SAFETY & OTHER ITEMS All required safety items like shock treatment chart, first aid boxes, danger boards, boards indicating 'Man on Work, Do not switch ON', 'Do not switch OFF', 'EARTHED' etc. will be provided as per requirement. Insulating mat of suitable voltage grade in front of all the electrical panels shall be provided. All the cable and panel openings are required to be sealed through a Fire sealing material. Suitable painting of equipment is also required with approved shades and include primers as well as finishing paints. Sufficient quantity of GI ladder type factory fabricated cable trays made from 2.5 mm thick hot welded steel sheets grade o as per IS: 2062 will be provided. Hot dip galvanizing of 86 micron thick as per IS-2629, IS-4759 and IS- 209.
28.
SYSTEM STUDIES The system study comprises of the following; Load flow studies Short circuit studies Transient stability studies Motor starting studies Harmonic measurement and analysis Steady state and transient analysis Insulation co-ordination Protection co-ordination Voltage drop analysis
ETAP or MiPower software may be utilized for the above study and analysis. 29. USE OF AUTOCAD IN ENGINEERING OF POWER PLANT ELECTRICS AUTOCAD software is used in following ways in design & engineering of electrical systems and equipment;
Page 31 of 32
30.
Preparation of Single Line Diagram Preparation of control schematics Preparation of general arrangement drawings of various electrical equipment Preparation of block diagrams of various electrical systems Preparation of flow charts of electrical logic and sequences
REFERENCE DRAWING (TYPICAL)

DRG. NO. MEC/11/E1/OM/ELECT/01 : SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM (TYPICAL) (POWER GENERATION, DISTRIBUTION EVACUATION SCHEME) UNIT PROTECTION SCHEME (TYPICAL)
&
DRG. NO. MEC/11/E1/OM/ELECT/02 :
Page 32 of 32

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ORIENTATION MANUAL ELECTRICAL & INSTRUMENTATION (POWER PLANT) SECTION MECON LIMITED, RANCHI 834 002

ELECTRICAL & INSTRUMENTATION (POWER PLANT) SECTION

ORIENTATION MANUAL_ELECTRICS 2009, MECON LIMITED. All Rights Reserved

REVISION STATUS : R0 (27.05.2009)

ORIENTATION MANUAL_ELECTRICS 2009, MECON LIMITED. All Rights Reserved

ORIENTATION MANUAL_ELECTRICS 2009, MECON LIMITED. All Rights Reserved

Petroleum Rules (Latest) Equipment specific statutory regulations

4. Electric Utility Requirements California ISO

400 kV 220 kV 132 kV 21 kV 15.75 kV 13.8 kV

Solidly earthed Noneffectively earthed

ORIENTATION MANUAL_ELECTRICS 2009, MECON LIMITED. All Rights Reserved

Noneffectively earthed Noneffectively earthed Solidly earthed

6.6 kV 3.3 kV 415 V

ORIENTATION MANUAL_ELECTRICS 2009, MECON LIMITED. All Rights Reserved

ORIENTATION MANUAL_ELECTRICS 2009, MECON LIMITED. All Rights Reserved

6.6 kV System 415 V System

Resistance earthed Solidly earthed

60 110 120 210

0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25

ORIENTATION MANUAL_ELECTRICS 2009, MECON LIMITED. All Rights Reserved

ORIENTATION MANUAL_ELECTRICS 2009, MECON LIMITED. All Rights Reserved

SECONDARY NO LOAD VOLTAGE

6.9 kV (11.5 kV FOR 500 MW)

The number and capacity selection of SAT shall be as follows;

ORIENTATION MANUAL_ELECTRICS 2009, MECON LIMITED. All Rights Reserved

40 kA for 3 Sec 100 kA

Following digital/analog input/output to/from shall be interfacing with the DCS/PLC;

The details of major protections are elaborated below.

ORIENTATION MANUAL_ELECTRICS 2009, MECON LIMITED. All Rights Reserved

ORIENTATION MANUAL_ELECTRICS 2009, MECON LIMITED. All Rights Reserved

ORIENTATION MANUAL_ELECTRICS 2009, MECON LIMITED. All Rights Reserved

ORIENTATION MANUAL_ELECTRICS 2009, MECON LIMITED. All Rights Reserved

I/Os of other electrical equipment/systems

Unit Protection Generators Generator Transformers EHV bay

ORIENTATION MANUAL_ELECTRICS 2009, MECON LIMITED. All Rights Reserved

ORIENTATION MANUAL_ELECTRICS 2009, MECON LIMITED. All Rights Reserved

ORIENTATION MANUAL_ELECTRICS 2009, MECON LIMITED. All Rights Reserved

Recommended capacities of DG sets are as follows;

ORIENTATION MANUAL_ELECTRICS 2009, MECON LIMITED. All Rights Reserved

Protection for Generator Transformer & Unit Auxiliary transformer

ORIENTATION MANUAL_ELECTRICS 2009, MECON LIMITED. All Rights Reserved

ORIENTATION MANUAL_ELECTRICS 2009, MECON LIMITED. All Rights Reserved

Communication facility with open protocol

ORIENTATION MANUAL_ELECTRICS 2009, MECON LIMITED. All Rights Reserved

ORIENTATION MANUAL_ELECTRICS 2009, MECON LIMITED. All Rights Reserved

ORIENTATION MANUAL_ELECTRICS 2009, MECON LIMITED. All Rights Reserved

Impulse IEC 60255-5

Free Fall Test Free Fall Packaging Test

IEC 60068-2-31 IEC 60068-2-32

Vibration Response Powered On

Vibration Response Not IEC 60255-21-1 Powered On

Vibration Endurance Not Powered On

ORIENTATION MANUAL_ELECTRICS 2009, MECON LIMITED. All Rights Reserved

- IEC 60068-2-3 IEC 60068-2-1 IEC60068-2-1

Dry Heat Operating

IEC 60068-2-1 IEC 60529

Voltage withstand High Frequency IEC 60255-22-1 Disturbance IEC 61000-4-12

ORIENTATION MANUAL_ELECTRICS 2009, MECON LIMITED. All Rights Reserved

Type Test Name Electrostatic discharge Radiated Immunity

Fast Transient Burst

IEC 60255-22-4 IEC 61000-4-4 IEEE C37.90.1

2kV 5kHz (CM)

4kV (CM) for information