THE BEST PRACTICE GUIDE TO:

Pipe Marking
A Graphic Products Library Resource

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CONTENTS
Contents of the Best Practice Guide to Pipe Marking by Graphic Products, Inc. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................pg 1
An overview of the Best Practice Guide to Pipe Marking.

TOOLS ..................................................................................................................pg 2
What labeling tools are available to efciently label an entire facility indoors and outdoors?

EVALUATION OF FACILITY ..................................................................... pg 3

What to look for when evaluating a facility.
Evaluation Tip What to Look For Standard Abbreviations

LABEL CREATION....................................................................................... pg 9
See available resources for customizing pipe markers.
Equipment and Supplies Label Creation Steps

LABEL PLACEMENT................................................................................pg 11

10

What type of supplies are available for marking unique surfaces and environments?

Proper placement of pipe labels will increase worker safety and improve overall workow.
Removing Old Labels

LABEL MAINTENANCE .........................................................................pg 12

What may be used to clean and maintain pipe labels?

APPENDIX A - EVALUATION CHECKLIST ..................................pg 13

Use this checklist to help label a facility.

APPENDIX B - PIPE MARKING GUIDES ....................................pg 14

Various industries need to comply with specic standards.
ANSI/ASME A13.1 - 2007 Pipe Marking Guide Ammonia Pipe Marking Guide NFPA 99/CGA C-9 Pipe Marking Guide ISO/DIS 14726 Sea Vessel & Marine Pipe Marking Guide Commercial Building Pipe Marking Guide Water Treatment Pipe Marking Guide

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What are the different pipe marking standards?

SS A P ON IT

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Thank you!

The information presented in this guide was obtained from sources whom we deem reliable and the best available sources; Graphic Products, Inc. has made every effort to ensure this information is correct. However, we do not guarantee accuracy or completeness. Graphic Products, Inc. makes no representations or warranties of any kind, express or implied. Information in this guide is subject to change without notice. Except as expressly provided for in writing, the liability of Graphic Products, Inc. arising from the use of this guide is specically excluded and Graphic Products, Inc. disclaims all warranties and any liability for damages of any kind and any liability whether in contract, tort under statute or otherwise for any injury, damage or loss whatsoever. No reliance should be placed on information contained or to be implied or inferred in this guide, and users of this guide should verify all information with ANSI and OSHA sources directly.

INTRODUCTION
The following pages provide basic instructions for pipe label design, printing and placement. These recommended practices will help improve facility efciency and increase safety through visual communication. Proper pipe marking1 plays a critical role in protecting the safety of workers, visitors and emergency responders who must enter a facility. The following pages are designed to help your facility comply with widely accepted standards for pipe marking. Following these standards helps ensure pipe content, ow direction and additional pipe information are easily seen and understood by all. Pipe marker design and color-code compliance is best achieved with the use of an industrial label printer. Pipe marking software, included with DuraLabel printers, makes it easy to accurately print for compliance using custom information. The goal is to reduce confusion, dangerous situations, injuries and even deaths. Keep this guide handy in your facility to help you, your staff and contractors understand and print compliant pipe markers. DuraLabel printers come bundled with pipe marking software to make compliance simple. DuraLabel also offers a wide selection of industrial labeling supplies for making pipe markers, valve tags and other types of labels and signs. DuraLabel offers over 50 application-specic supplies to choose from so youll always have the right supply for making durable labels and signs for nearly any surface or setting. Having the right supply for your specic application ensures long-term performance even in the harshest industrial environments.

For further assistance please contact one of our knowledgeable customer service representatives at 800-788-5572.

Pipe markers play a vital role in safety. They can provide information for emergency responders and save lives of on-site workers.
1

The words pipe marker, pipe marking and label are used interchangeably throughout this guide.

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TOOLS
Various items are needed when evaluating your facility for marking pipes appropriately. The recommended tools and equipment needed for making pipe markers includes:
Schematic of the facilitys pipe system Computer with Windows 2000 Operating System or above DuraLabel Mobile Print Station 150 XL or a laptop if portability is needed Word processing software or DuraLabel DuraSuite software DuraLabel library of symbols, templates and examples DuraLabel PRO series printer2 (www.duralabel.com) DuraLabel DuraPak battery (optional, for portability) DuraLabel premium vinyl tapes (tape size depends on the size of the pipe) DuraLabel premium and/or petroleum ribbon in white and black Additional supplies for special purpose applications - Pipe Grabber Sleeves for putting pipe markers on dirty, oily or rusty pipes - Low temperature vinyl for labeling pipes in cold storage areas - Reective vinyl for labeling pipes that need to be seen under low-light conditions - Extended-Life Vinyl is ideal for outdoor labeling Supplies and equipment to clean and prepare pipes for labeling Putty knife, isopropyl alcohol, WD-40 or heat gun

DuraLabel provides many labeling supplies and tools to properly color-code pipes within a facility.
2

Although other industrial quality printers may be used, the DuraLabel PRO 300 is a popular thermal transfer printer proven to make effective, long-lasting pipe markers. The descriptions given in this guide use the DuraLabel PRO 300.

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EVALUATION OF FACILITY
Now that you have the tools needed for pipe marking, the next step is an evaluation of the pipe systems in your facility. This requires walking through the facility to visually evaluate and document each piping system. Carry a pen, a pad of paper and a camera with you. Use drawings of your facilitys piping systems to aid you in documenting any problems that are identied. An easy-to-use inspection form is available in Appendix A of this guide.

Evaluation Tip
During your pipe evaluation, make sure to document all current pipe markers. Consider how existing marking could be improved to better visually communicate pipe information to workers. Denition of Pipe A pipe is a conduit used to convey, distribute, mix, separate, discharge, meter, control, or snub uid ows. A pipe system includes the pipes, plus ttings, anges, valves and pipe coverings. (ASME/ANSI A13.1 (2007) standard)

What to Look For

When evaluating your facility, look for and pay attention to: existing pipe markers Are they physically damaged, deteriorated, dirty, discolored or in a location or condition likely to result in future physical damage or failure? Are they accurate? (Name, ow direction, label color) pipes with missing pipe markers new equipment new pipes that redirect contents to/from new equipment areas where maintenance has been performed trafc areas

Evaluate piping systems indoors and outdoors. DuraLabel provides supplies which will endure many environments.

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EVALUATION OF FACILITY
Although the ASME/ANSI standard suggests labeling all pipes, it is required for pipes to be labeled in the following situations: the contents of pipes could affect procedures during emergency situations the contents of pipes are hazardous the ow direction is unknown the destination of the contents is unknown the ow needs to be redirected for maintenance one or more valves need to be shut off for maintenance

Properly identifying pipes, valves and containers will aid in safety.

In conducting your inspection, use a pipe schematic and piping drawings to plan your inspection. Consult your facilitys pipe schematics to ensure accurate labeling of contents and direction of ow.

TABLE 1 Colors

Color Scheme The contents of a pipe determines the color scheme of the pipe marker. See Table 1 to ensure existing pipe markers are standardcompliant. If not, they should be replaced.

Fluid Service
Fire Quenching Fluids Toxic & Corrosive Fluids Flammable Fluids Combustible Fluids Potable, Cooling, Boiler Feed & Other Water Compressed Air

Background Color
Red Orange Yellow Brown Green Blue

Letter Color
White Black Black White White White

Pipe Label Size The size of the pipe marker is also an important factor. Properly sized labels will allow personnel to read the labels at a reasonable distance. See Table 2 to ensure existing pipe markers are standard-compliant. If not, they should be replaced.

TABLE 2 Sizes

Outside Pipe Diameter Including Covering

0.75" - 1.25" 1.5" - 2" 2.5" - 6" 8" - 10" Over 10" 19 - 32 mm 38 - 51 mm 64 - 152 mm 203 - 254 mm Over 254 mm

Minimum Length of Label Field Color

8" 8" 12" 24" 32" 203 mm 203 mm 305 mm 610 mm 813 mm

Minimum Height of Letters

0.5" 0.75" 1.25" 2.5" 3.5" 13 mm 19 mm 32 mm 64 mm 89 mm

NOTE: Pipes too small for labels should be marked with a hanging tag.

Use the Appendix A at the end of this guide to help determine the color, size, and quantity of labels needed.
Use a hanging pipe tag as pictured above for pipes which are too small.

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EVALUATION OF FACILITY Standard Abbreviations

The following table provides a list of standard abbreviations that may be used on pipe markers. Abbreviations should only be used to make the message easier to read and when it is impractical to write out the entire word or phrase.
ABED ABEDT ABFD ABFDT ACB ACK ACT ADJ AFW ALM AMB ANAL AO(V) AVG BA BAR BAT BD BIST BIT BKR BL BOP BTM BTU BUP C C/CB C1M CAB CAL CAUS CCW CD CDB CDT CHAM CHAN CHNG CHRG CJB CKT CL CLNG Aux. Building Equipment Drains Aux. Building Equipment Drain Tank Aux. Building Floor Drain Aux. Building Floor Drain Train Air Circuit Breaker Acknowledge Actuate Adjust Auxiliary Feedwater Alarm Ambient Analyzer Air Operated (Valve) Average Boric Acid Bar Graph Boric Acid Tank / Battery Blow Down Bistable Boron Injection Tank Breaker Black Liquid Balance of Plant Bottom British Thermal Unit Backup Centigrade (aka. Celsius) Condensate/Cond. Booster Cumulative One Minute Cabinet Calibration/Calorie Cause Component Cooling Water/Closed Cooling Water Condensate Condensate Booster Chemical Drain Tank Chamber Channel Change Charging Cold Junction Box Circuit Cold Leg Cooling CMPT CNMT COM COMP CONC COND CONDTY CONT CONT ROD CONTR COR CORR COUNT CPM CPU CPUS CR CRB CROM CS CSR CST CW CWP CYL D/G DEG DEMIN DET DEV DIV DO DOT DSCH DT ECCS EDT EFCT EFLNT EHC ELEC EQ EQUIP ES Computed Containment Common Component Concentration Condenser/Condensate Conductivity Controller Control Rod Control Correction Correlation Count Counts Per Minute Central Processing Unit Central Processing Units Control Room Chemical Recovery Boiler Control Rod Drive Mechanism Containment Spray Cable Spreading Room Condensate Storage Tank Circulating Water Circulating Water Pump Cylinder Diesel Generator Degrees Demineralizer Detector Deviation Division Diesel Fuel Oil Dirty Oil Tank Discharge Delta Temperature Emergency Core Cooling System Equipment Drain Tank Effect Efuent Electro Hydraulic Control Electrical Equipment Equipment Extraction Steam

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EVALUATION OF FACILITY
ESS ESF EXH EXPANS EXTR F FCV FD FH FLW FO FREQ FRNT FW GOV GPM GRP GSC GV HG(A) HGHT HIDP HL HOV HP HR(S) HRSG HT RT HTNG HU/CD HUT HYD I/P I/V IA ID INBO INC INF INIT INL INSERTIN INST INT INTERM IOD ISOL JUNCT Essential Service Engineered Safety Feature Exhaust/Exhauster Expansion Extracted Extractor/Extraction Fahrenheit Flow Control Valve Forced Draft Fuel Handling Flow Fuel Oil Frequency Front Feed Water Governor Gallons Per Minute Group Gland Steam Condenser Governor Valve Mercury (absolute) Height High Differential Pressure Hot Leg Hydraulic Operated Valve High Pressure Hour Heat Recovery Steam Generator Heat Rate Heating Heatup/Cooldown Hold up Tank Hydraulic Current to Pressure Current to Voltage Instrument Air Identication/Inside Diameter Inboard Increase Inuent Initial Inlet Insertion Instrument/Instantaneous Internal Intermediate Iodine Isolation Junction K LNG LO FLW M/G MAINT MAX MCR MFP MIN MOIST MPH MPS MS MSIV MSR MTR MU MVBL NAOH NAR NAR RNG NBL NEG NEUT NIS NR NUC OG OOS OP OPER OT OT-OP OUT OUTBD OUTLT OVERLD OVERTEMP OVRPWR PART PARTIC PCT PCV PENET PMG PNEU PORV POS Kilo Long/Liquied Natural Gas Low Flow Motor Generator Sets Maintenance Maximum Main Control Room Main Feed Pump Minutes/Minimum Moisture Miles Per Hour Miles Per Second Main Steam/Moisture Separator Main Steam Isolation Valve Moisture Separator Reheater Motor Makeup Moveable Sodium Hydroxide Narrow Narrow Range Noble Negative Neutron Nuclear Instrumentation System Narrow Range Nuclear Off-Gas Out of Service Over Pressure Operator/Operating Over Temperature Over Temp-Over Pressure Output Outboard Outlet Overload Over Temperature Overpower Partial Particulate Percent Pressure Control Valve Penetration Permanent Magnet Generator Pneumatic Power Operated Relief Valve Positive

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EVALUATION OF FACILITY Standard Abbreviations (cont.)

POT PPB PPM PR58 PREAMP PRG PRI PROC PRT PS PSI PSIA PSIG PSIO PT PTL PUL PW PWR RNG PRV PZR RC RCDT RCFC RCL RCS RDT RECOMB REGEN REL RESID RH RHR RHT RLY RNG ROC RTD RTN RVLIS RW RWST S/G SA SB Potentiometer Parts per Billion Parts per Million Process Radiation Monitor 58 Preampliers Purge Primary Process Pressurizer Relief Tank Power Supply Lbs Per Square Inch Lbs Per Square Inch Absolute Lbs Per Inch Gauge Lbs Per Square Inch Differential Point Pull-To-Lock Pulverizer Primary Water Power Range Pressure Relief Valve Pressurizer Relief Tank Reactor Coolant Reactor Coolant Drain Tank Reactor Containment Fan Cooler Reactor Coolant Loop Reactor Coolant System Reheater Drain Tank Recombiner Regenerative Relative Residual Residual Heat Residual Heat Removal Reheat Relay Range/Running Rate of Change Resistance Temp. Detector Return Reactor Vessel Level Indication System Radwaste Refueling Water Storage Tank Steam Generator Service Air Service Building SEC SEL SEP SERV SFP SGTR SI SPEC STDY STNBY STOR SUPPR SUPRESS SW SWST T/C TAMB TAVG TB TC TCV TD TG THER THRT THST TREP TRNA TRNSNT TRP TTD TURBS UNCONT VAC VALS VAP VAR VCT VIB VNT VOL WR XFR XMTR Second Select Separator Service Service Fuel Pump Steam Generator Tube Rupture Safety Injection Specication Steady Standby Storage Suppressed Suppression Service Water/Switch Secondary Water Storage Tank Thermocouples Temperature Ambient Average Temperature Turbine Building/Terminal Box/Block Cold Leg Temperature Temperature Control Valve Turbine Drain Turbine Generator Thermal Throttle Thrust Reference Temperature Train A (B, C, etc.) Transient Trip Terminal Temp. Difference Turbines Uncontrolled Vacuum Values Vapor Variance Volume Control Tank Vibration Vent Volume Wide Range Transfer Transmitter

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LABEL CREATION
Need pipe markers? Evaluate what your facilitys needs are rst. If your facility is medium-to-large in size, it may be more cost-effective and efcient to have an industrial label printer in-house. Pipe markers, and many other industrial labels, can be custom designed and easily printed on demand when employees have access to the right printer and supplies in their work area.

Equipment and Supplies

Preprinted pipe marker labels arent cheap. Facilities relying on these generic labels to mark pipes often pay more in replacement costs due to the markers short life span. Because preprinted labels are generic, they may not always visually communicate pipe information accurately. The DuraLabel PRO 300 Printer is an excellent option for most facility pipe marking projects. Quality 300 dpi resolution provides crisp and clear legibility for pipe marking projects. The DuraLabel PRO 300 Pipe Marking king Kit* includes:
DuraLabel PRO 300 Printer DuraSuite Labeling Software (FREE) E) 2" Blue Premium Vinyl Tape 2" Green Premium Vinyl Tape 2" Yellow Premium Vinyl Tape 4" Blue Premium Vinyl Tape 4" Green Premium Vinyl Tape 4" Red Premium Vinyl Tape 4" Yellow Premium Vinyl Tape 4" Brown Premium Vinyl Tape 4.3" White Resin Ribbon 4.3" Black Resin Ribbon
*

DuraLabel PRO 300 Pipe Marking Kit Standard kit shown, custom kits available

Contents are subject to change. Kits may be customized. tomized.

Take the guess work out by using DuraLabel printers, supplies and software to quickly create and print the pipe labels you need.

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LABEL CREATION
Some of the special supplies that are available include:
Cold Storage Vinyl Tape Adhesive will stick on cold surfaces High-Tack Tapes For surfaces that are not smooth Low-Halogen Prevents corrosion to stainless steel Reective Tape For low-light settings Oily Surface Labels Sticks to oily or greasy surfaces Marine Label Tapes Resistant to salt water spray Ultra-Aggressive Sticks to highly textured surfaces Valve Tags To identify pipes whose labels would be too small for readability

Label Creation Steps (with the DuraLabel PRO 300)

Use the DuraSuite labeling software included with all DuraLabel PRO printers or design the required pipe labels with a familiar word processor, such as Microsoft Word or OpenOfce.org. The Software CD included with DuraLabel desktop printers comes with pre-made MS Word templates and examples. The DuraLabel PRO 300 printer can print on supplies up to 4" wide. Using Pre-Existing Software
1. See Table 2 in the Evaluation of Facility section to

determine the size of label and letters and adjust the page format accordingly.
2. Type out text in capital letters, using a sans-serif font. 3. From the DuraLabel PRO 300 symbols library, insert

an arrow to indicate the direction of ow of the pipe contents.

4. See Table 1 in the Evaluation of Facility section to

determine the appropriate color of the labeling tape and ribbon. Load the DuraLabel PRO 300 printer accordingly.
5. Print the label(s).

Easily print pipe labels in automatic or manual mode using DuraSuite. Choose from single or wrap-around label layouts to comply with codes.

Using DuraSuite Automatic Pipe Marker Design

1. Open the DuraSuite Labeling Software. 2. Select the Pipe Marking module. 3. Select the pipes contents from one of the menus or

enter appropriate text & select appropriate arrows.

4. Select the pipes outside diameter dimension. 5. Load the printer with appropriate supplies determined

by Tables 1 & 2 in the Facility Evaluation section.

6. Select the number of labels & print the label(s).
Go Mobile: Label anywhere in the facility using the DuraLabel TORO Our popular standalone model with 9" touch screen and fold out keyboard fold-out keyboard.

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LABEL PLACEMENT
Pipe marker location plays a critical role in the safety and efciency of every facility. In many facilities, pipe systems generally have a number of bends, penetrations, valves and possibly distribution headers. Factor these visual obstacles into your nal placement decision. Every pipe must have pipe markers that are visible from any location from which the pipe can be seen. Labels must always be applied to clean and dry surfaces to provide lasting performance. Visually appropriate locations often need to be cleaned of debris to create an acceptable pipe marker surface. At locations where cleaning is not an option, DuraLabel Pipe Grabber sleeves may be an appropriate alternative. Pipe markers should be placed:
To indicate direction of ow by labeling with arrows at one or both ends of the label To be visible from the point of normal approach At any line entry or re-entry point Near valves, anges, and changes in pipe direction At both sides of ceiling, wall, or oor penetrations At least once every 50 feet on straight pipe runs
Placement of labels will vary facility to facility and should be applied accordingly to comply with codes.

Special Conditions for placement:

If pipeline is located above the normal line of vision, the label shall be placed below the horizontal center line of the pipe to maximize visibility If pipeline is located below the normal line of vision, the label shall be placed above the horizontal center line of the pipe to maximize visibility Use Pipe Grabber Sleeves when: Pipe is very dirty and cannot be cleaned Labels wont adhere because the pipe is covered with rust, scale, un-lagged insulation, etc.

Removing Old Labels

Many labels can be removed by scraping them off with a putty knife. However, with strong labels such as labels made using DuraLabel vinyl tapes, this can be a labor intensive process. Heating the label with a heat gun will speed this process. For some applications a powered wire brush can be used to quickly remove labels. The use of this type of tool must take into consideration the type of surface the label is applied to and whether that surface will be damaged.

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LABEL MAINTENANCE
Labels should be properly maintained to ensure long-life, legibility and readability. Under normal outdoor conditions labels will typically last ve to seven years. Environmental conditions can cause either a shorter or longer label life. Labels should be inspected on a periodic basis and replaced if missing or deteriorated. Accumulation of debris, grease, oil, or other materials should be cleaned off. Pipe markers are only useful if they are visible. DuraLabel PRO supplies are chemical resistant. Solvents and cleaning agents may be used when necessary to clean off dirt, grime, oil, etc. If cleaning is not possible and a label is not readable, replace the existing label with a new one.
Clean dirty, illegible pipe labels and replace if damaged.

Set up a schedule to reevaluate your facility. Refer to the section Evaluation of Facility of this guide for help.

Regularly inspect pipe labels to ensure correct labeling, readability and for code compliance.

DISCLAIMER: This guide is for general purposes only. It is not a substitute for review of applicable standards. 2011, 2012 Graphic Products, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

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(L

/R

APPENDIX A EVALUATION CHECKLIST

) s id Flu ib le C om pr W at er es se d Ai r lo w of F n io ab le Flu m ec t m O Di uts am id et e P er ipe r m b us t Co id s

Di

Fla

Name of pipe content

Location

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NOTES: Use Table 1 in section Evaluation of Facility to determine the label color by the pipe contents. Use Table 2 in section Evaluation of Facility to determine the label size by the pipe diameter. The direction of the ow is either left or right relative to where the label will be applied. To estimate the number of labels, divide the total pipe length by 50 then increase the number for valves, penetrations, changes in direction, etc.

To x i c /C or r o siv Fir e e F l Qu ui ds en c h in La gF b e l u l id C ol s or L a be lW id N th La um b b e ls er o f

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Use this checklist to keep track of the number and type of labels needed during the evaluation.

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APPENDIX B PIPE MARKING GUIDES

This appendix provides pipe marking guides covering a variety of pipe locations. There are ve guides provided in this appendix:

ANSI/ASME A13.1 Pipe Marking

The ANSI/ASME A13.1 Pipe Marking Guide provides the pipe labeling requirements that apply to most facilities. In an industrial, institutional, and commercial building, there will be both hazardous and non-hazardous materials owing through many miles of pipes. According to the ANSI/ASME A13.1 standards, pipe markers must list the contents of the pipe, the hazards it poses, and any other important information necessary. This guides shows what information must be on code-compliant labels, what size labels need to be, what color labels must be, and where labels should be applied.

Ammonia Pipe Marking Guide

Ammonia is corrosive to the skin, eyes, lungs, and can be deadly at higher levels of exposure. The Ammonia Pipe Marking Guide provides the International Institute of Ammonia Refrigeration labeling standards for ammonia piping. The IIAR standard requires that thorough and specic labeling be applied to all pipes that contain ammonia-based refrigerants.

NFPA 99/CGA C-9 Medical Pipe Marking Guide

According to the National Fire Prevention Association (NFPA), all pipes carrying medical gasses in Health Care Facilities must be labeled. The NFPA 99/CGA C-9 Medical Pipe Marking Guide provides information about the NFPA 99 standards, including what should be on the label and where the label should be placed. At minimum, medical pipe markers must include the contents, direction of ow, and pressure. Oxygen, Vacuum, Medical Air, Nitrous Oxide, and Nitrogen are just a few of the gasses the NFPA 99 requires to be labeled.

ISO/DIS-14726 Sea Vessel & Marine Pipe Marking Guide

Ships and other sea vessels use a pipe marking system that is internationally recognized. This guide provides detailed information about the International ISO/DIS-14726 standards commonly known as the Marine Pipe Marking Standards. (ISO/DIS 14726-2: species additional color codes for more detailed identication of substances carried by pipes.)

Commercial Building Pipe Marking Guide

The Commercial Building Pipe Marking Guide provides detailed information about labeling the piping systems within facilities. The ANSI/ASME A13.1 code applies to labeling pipes in commercial buildings. However, in some buildings it is desirable to have more detailed information than is provided by ANSI/ASME pipe markers. For example, there are many types of water used in a commercial building and identifying what type of water is in a pipe is important. The Commercial Building Pipe Marking Guide provides a standard used to label pipes with the additional information.

Water Treatment Pipe Marking Guide

Beyond the standards of ANSI/ASME A13.1 pipe marking standards, various state governments have adopted these recommendations for marking pipes at water treatment facilities. In this guide, weve put these recommendations together to help you properly mark several kinds of treatment lines, including sludge lines, gas lines, water lines and other types.

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ANSI/ASME A13.1 PIPE MARKING GUIDE

The following Pipe Marking Guide, offered by Graphic Products to aid in properly customizing pipe markers, complies with the ANSI/ASME A13.1 - 2007 Standard for the Identication of Pipes.

COLOR CODE
MATERIAL PROPERTY DEFINITION OF MATERIAL PROPERTY

LETTER COLOR ON FIELD COLOR

EXAMPLE

Flammable Combustible Toxic & Corrosive Fire Quenching Other Water Compressed Air Defined by User Defined by User Defined by User Defined by User

Fluids which are a vapor or produce vapors that can ignite and continue to burn in air. Fluids that may burn but are not ammable. Fluids which are corrosive or toxic or will produce corrosive or toxic substances. Water and other substances used in sprinkler re ghting piping systems. Any other water except for water used in sprinkler & re ghting piping systems. Any vapor or gas under pressure that does not t a category above. Defined by user. Defined by user. Defined by user. Defined by user.

Black on Yellow White on Brown Black on Orange White on Red White on Green White on Blue White on Black Black on White White on Purple White on Gray

HYDROGEN ACETIC ACID NITRIC ACID

SPRINKLER WATER

BOILER WATER
COMPRESSED AIR

DEFINED BY USER DEFINED BY USER DEFINED BY USER DEFINED BY USER

MARKER LOCATION
Pipe markers shall be placed:

to indicate direction of ow by labeling with arrows at one or both ends of the label to be visible from the point of normal approach near valves, anges and changes in pipe direction both sides of ceiling, wall or oor penetrations at any line entry or re-entry point on straight pipe runs every 25 ft to 50 ft

PIPE MARKER SIZE CHART

Outside Pipe Diameter Including Covering
.75" - 1.25" 1.5" - 2" 2.5" - 6" 8" - 10" Over 10" (19 - 32 mm) (38 - 51 mm) (64 - 152 mm) (203 - 254 mm) (Over 254 mm)

ABOVE: Label placement in relation to point of normal approach

ABOVE: Orientation of labels

Letter & Label Dimensions in accordance with pipe diameter

Minimum Length of Minimum Height Label Field Color of Letters

8" 8" 12" 24" 32" (203 mm) (203 mm) (305 mm) (610 mm) (813 mm) .5" .75" 1.25" 2.5" 3.5" (13 mm) (19 mm) (32 mm) (64 mm) (89 mm)

NOTE: It is recommended that pipes less than .75" in diameter be labeled with a permanent tag.

This guide is for general information purposes only. It is not a substitute for review of applicable standards. 2011, 2012 Graphic Products, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

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AMMONIA PIPE MARKING GUIDE

The following Pipe Marking Guide, offered by Graphic Products to aid in properly customizing pipe markers, complies with the IIAR (International Institute of Ammonia Refrigeration) Standards.
IIAR #114 7.0 requires the posting of a reference chart with pipe marking identification and abbreviation information in an area conspicuous to operating personnel. Make the chart out of a durable material for continued legibility.

1. ABBREVIATIONS
ABBREVIATION SYSTEM

Abbreviations for Ammonia System Components: Black printed on yellow

2. PHYSICAL STATE

LIQ Liquid: Black or white printed on orange VAP Vapor: Black or white printed on blue* LIQ/VAP: Use both if both states exist

4. PRESSURE LEVEL
HIGH Pressure: +70 psig Black or white printed on red LOW Pressure: =/-70 psig Black or white printed on green

BD CD DC ES EQ FG HG HGD HPL HSD HSS HTRL HTRS HTS LD LIC LSS LT LTRL LTRS LTS MTRL MTRS MTS PL PO PU RV TSR TSS

Booster Discharge Condenser Defrost Condensate Economizer Suction Equalizer Foul Gas Hot Gas Hot Gas Defrost High Pressure Liquid High Stage Discharge High Stage Suction High Temperature Recirculated Liquid High Temperature Recirculated Suction High Temperature Suction Liquid Drain Liquid Injection Cooling Low Stage Suction Liquid Transfer Low Temperature Recirculated Liquid Low Temperature Recirculated Suction Low Temperature Suction Medium Temperature Recirculated Liquid Medium Temperature Recirculated Suction Medium Temperature Suction Purge Line Pump Out Purge Relief Vent Thermosyphon Return Thermosyphon Supply

VAP LIQ LIQ VAP VAP VAP VAP VAP LIQ VAP VAP LIQ LIQ/VAP VAP LIQ LIQ VAP LIQ LIQ/VAP LIQ VAP LIQ LIQ/VAP VAP VAP LIQ VAP LIQ/VAP LIQ

LOW HIGH HIGH LOW HIGH LOW HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH LOW LOW HIGH LOW LOW HIGH LOW LOW LOW LOW LOW LOW LOW LOW HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH

Abbreviations marked with this symbol are popularly used, but non-IIAR approved.

*DuraLabel Sky Blue Premium Vinyl recommended.

3. MARKER BODY

AMMONIA printed in black on yellow

5. FLOW DIRECTION

PIPE MARKER SIZE CHART Available on Page #18 MARKER LOCATION (IIAR #114 5.0)
Pipe markers shall be placed: before and after a change in piping direction before and after piping penetrations (e.g. walls) on extended runs of pipe, with a max spacing of 40 ft between markers minimum of one per each area of refrigeration pipe passage (e.g. one per room)

Direction of flow of the system contents is indicated by the arrows. Place arrows at one or both ends of the label.

Label text should identify equipment name (e.g. RECEIVER, ACCUMULATOR, RECIRCULATOR) 2.5" Tall Black Text on Yellow Background 2.5" 4" 2.5" 3.5" minimum Label height with 2.5" margins at each end Pressure Level Designation: 3.5" minimum height; High (back on red) or Low (white on green)

COMPONENT MARKERS

RECEIVER

H I G H

Pressure Level Designation

This guide is for general information purposes only. It is not a substitute for review of applicable standards. 2011, 2012 Graphic Products, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

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NFPA 99/CGA C-9 PIPE MARKING GUIDE

NFPA 99 & CGA C-9 Standard Color Marking of Compressed Gas Containers, Pipelines & Valves for Medical. Use ASME/ANSI Pipe Identication Placement & Orientation Standards.
MATERIAL PROPERTY LETTER COLOR ON FIELD COLOR EXAMPLE

Single Gases
Oxygen USP Carbon Dioxide Nitrous Oxide Cyclopropane Helium USP Nitrogen NF

White on Green White on Gray White on Blue Black on Orange White on Brown White on Black Black on Yellow White on Red White on Violet
Black on White/Yellow Checkerboard Black on White/Black Checkerboard 2

OXYGEN 50-55 PSI CARBON DIOXIDE NITROUS OXIDE CYCLOPROPANE HELIUM 50-55 PSI
NITROGEN 160-200 PSI

Medical Air USP Instrument Air

MEDICAL AIR INSTRUMENT AIR

WASTE ANAESTHETIC LABORATORY AIR
LABORATORY VACUUM

Waste Anaesthetic Gas Disposal (WAGD) Laboratory Air Laboratory Vacuum Medical-Surgical Vacuum

Black on White

MEDICAL VACUUM
20% OXYGEN 80% NITROGEN 40% OXYGEN 60% NITROGEN

Gas Mixtures of Oxygen USP and Nitrogen NF

19.5% to 23.5% Oxygen All other Oxygen Concentrates1 Black on Yellow Black AND Green

Other Gas Mixtures

Oxygen USP and Nitrous Oxide USP: 1 52.5% Oxygen USP, 47.5% Nitrous Oxide USP Oxygen USP and Carbon Dioxide USP: 1 93% Oxygen USP, remainder Carbon Dioxide USP Oxygen USP and Helium USP: 1 20% Oxygen USP, remainder Helium USP
Use a white box with a black outline behind the text.

Not Assigned - Dened By User Gray on Green Green on Brown

52.5% OXYGEN 47.5% NITROUS OXIDE 93% OXYGEN 7% CARBON DIOXIDE 20% OXYGEN 80% HELIUM

1 Use the background colors of the Single Gases. For Other Gas Mixture Pipe Labels, use the major gas for label color and use the minor gas color for text color. 2 Complies to NFPA 99 color marking standards. Complies to CGA C-9 color marking standards.

MARKER LOCATION Pipe markers shall be placed:

to indicate direction of ow by labeling with arrows at one or both ends of the label near valves, anges and changes in pipe direction to be visible from the point of normal approach both sides of ceiling, wall, partitions or oor penetrations at least once in or above every room on straight pipe runs, at intervals of not more than 20 ft at least once in every story height traversed by risers
ABOVE: Orientation of labels ABOVE: Label placement in relation to point of normal approach

PIPE MARKER SIZE CHART

Outside Pipe Diameter Including Covering
.75" - 1.25" 1.5" - 2" 2.5" - 6" 8" - 10" Over 10" (19 - 32 mm) (38 - 51 mm) (64 - 152 mm) (203 - 254 mm) (Over 254 mm)

Letter & Label Dimensions in accordance with pipe diameter

Minimum Length of Minimum Height Label Field Color of Letters

8" 8" 12" 24" 32" (203 mm) (203 mm) (305 mm) (610 mm) (813 mm) .5" .75" 1.25" 2.5" 3.5" (13 mm) (19 mm) (32 mm) (64 mm) (89 mm)

NOTE: It is recommended that pipes less than .75" in diameter, be labeled with a permanent tag

This guide is for general information only. Not intended to be used in place of CGA C-9, NFPA 99 or ASME/ANSI standards. 2011, 2012 Graphic Products, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

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ISO/DIS 14726 SEA VESSEL & MARINE PIPE MARKING GUIDE

Identication of Colors for the Content of the Piping Systems according to ISO/DIS 14726.
Main Color
(yellow)

Main Colors: for group of similar substance

applied as an adhesive tape or sign painted on to the pipeline in transverse stripes painted on the pipeline on the total length width is wider than the additional color marking

Additional Colors: for specic substance

should be surrounded by the main color width needs to be less than the main color marking width
Additional color markings may be added adjacent to a main color marking on a pipe, when necessary, to distinguish between pipes marked with the same main color listed, but carrying different types of medium. Example: a pipe carrying diesel fuel oil and a pipe carrying heavy fuel oil.

Additional Color (blue)

Fuel
Heavy Fuel (HFO) Aviation Fuel Biological Fuel Gas-Turbine Fuel Diesel Fuel (MDO)

(brown)

Sea Water
Decontamination Water Sanitary Sea Water Ballast Water Cooling Sea Water

(green)

Oils other than Fuels

Used Oil (Not Contaminated) Thermal Fluid Lubrication Oil for Gas Turbines Hydraulic Fluid Lubrication Oil for Steam Turbines Lubrication Oil for Gears Lubrication Oil for Internal Combustion Engines

(orange)

For ships mixed with navigation (sea-river ships) all outside waters

Flammable Gases
Hydrogen Acetylene Liquid Gas

(yellow)

Steam
Steam for Heating Purposes Exhaust Steam Supply Steam

(silver)

Fresh Water
Sanitary Fresh Water Potable Water Distillate Gas-Turbine Wash Water Feed Water Cooling Fresh Water Chilled Water Condensate

(blue)

Waste Media
Black Water Waste Oil/Used Oil Bilge Water Exhaust Grey Water Sewage, contaminated

(black)

Fire Fighting/Fire Protection (red)

Fire-Fighting Water Fire-Fighting Gas Sprinkler Water Spray Water Fire-Fighting Powder Fire-Fighting Foam

Air & Sounding Pipes (maroon)

Waste Media Fresh Water Fuel Sea Water Non-Flammable Gases Oil other than fuels Steam Fire Fighting Acids, Alkalis Ventilation System Flammable Gases

Acids, Alkalis Air in Ventilation Systems

Discharge Air Cold Mechanical Supply Air Natural Exhaust Atmospheric Air Mechanical Exhaust Air Decontaminated Supply Air Mechanical Recirculated Air Warm Mechanical Supply Air Smoke Clearance Conditioned Supply Air Natural Supply Air

(violet) (grey)

(white)

Non-Flammable Gases
Oxygen Inert Gas Nitrogen Refrigerant Compressed Air LP (low pressure) Compressed Air HP (high pressure) Control Air/Regulating Air Breathing Air a Breathing Gas a
a This marking is used in submarines for distribution systems of breathing air from cylinders

MARKING OF PIPES
pipes with more than 200 mm outer diameter, label makes up about half the circumference of the pipe pipes with 200 mm outer diameter or less, label makes up the entire circumference of the pipe label bundled pipes individually arrows pointing in direction of ow pipes with ow in opposite directions at different times may be marked with arrows pointing in opposite directions additional text to signify unambiguously the content and/or function of the pipe color stripes need to be perpendicular to the axis of the pipe

MARKER LOCATION
Pipe markers shall be placed:

at each penetration point in bulkheads, walls & decks every 3-5 meters of pipe length unless more frequent making is needed due to pipe bends or proximity to other pipe sources. around the entire circumference of the pipe for 200 mm diameter pipes (adhered at their ends by overtaping) once in each room close to each valve
This guide is for general information purposes only. It is not a substitute for review of applicable standards. 2011 Graphic Products, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

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COMMERCIAL BUILDING PIPE MARKING GUIDE

The following Pipe Marking Guide, offered by Graphic Products to aid in properly customizing pipe markers, complies with the ANSI/ ASME A13.1 - 2007 Standard for the Identication of Pipes. A copy of ANSI/ASME A13.1-2007 Standards is needed.
ABBR. SERVICE TYPE Chilled Water Return Chilled Water Supply Condenser Water Return Condenser Water Supply Chilled Water Glycol Return Chilled Water Glycol Supply Hot Water Glycol Return Hot Water Glycol Supply City Water Domestic Cold Water Return Domestic Cold Water Supply Domestic Hot Water Return Domestic Hot Water Supply Drains* Dual Temp Return Dual Temp Supply Fuel Oil Heat Pump Return Heat Pump Supply Low-Temp Hot Water Return Low-Temp Hot Water Supply Medium-Temp Hot Water Return Medium-Temp Hot Water Supply High-Temp Hot Water Return High-Temp Hot Water Supply Steam Condensate Natural Gas Compressed Air Vacuum PIPE LABEL VALVE TAG BAND COLOR BACKGROUND AND LETTERING COLORS GREEN BACKGROUND, WHITE LETTERING GREEN BACKGROUND, WHITE LETTERING

CHWR CHWS CWR CWS CWGLR CWGLS HWGLR HWGLS CTYW DCWR DCWS DHWR DHWS DRAIN DTR DTS FO HPR HPS LTHWR LTHWS MTHWR MTHWS HTHWR HTHWS STM COND NG CA VAC

CHWR CHWS CWR CWS CWGLR CWGLS HWGLR HWGLS CITY WATER DCWR DCWS DHWR DHWS DRAIN DTR DTS FO HPR HPS LTHWR LTHWS MTHWR MTHWS HTHWR HTHWS STEAM COND GAS COMP AIR VACUUM

(BLDG.)-CHV-## BLUE (BLDG.)-CHV-## (BLDG.)-CWV-## GREEN (BLDG.)-CWV-## (BLDG.)-CGLV-## (BLDG.)-CGLV-## GOLD (BLDG.)-HGLV-## (BLDG.)-HGLV-## (BLDG.)-CTWV-## (BLDG.)-DCV-## LIGHT BLUE (BLDG.)-DCV-## (BLDG.)-DHV-## (BLDG.)-DHV-## (BLDG.)-DRAIN-## BROWN (BLDG.)-DTV-## BLACK (BLDG.)-DTV-## (BLDG.)-FOV-## WHITE (BLDG.)-HPV-## TEAL (BLDG.)-HPV-## (BLDG.)-HWV-## YELLOW (BLDG.)-HWV-## (BLDG.)-MTV-## ORANGE (BLDG.)-MTV-## (BLDG.)-HTV-## RED (BLDG.)-HTV-## (BLDG.)-STV-## PINK (BLDG.)-CNDV-## (BLDG.)-GASV-## GRAY (BLDG.)-CAV-## PURPLE (BLDG.)-VACV-##

GREEN BACKGROUND, WHITE LETTERING

GREEN BACKGROUND, WHITE LETTERING

REFER TO ANSI/ASME STANDARDS GREEN BACKGROUND, WHITE LETTERING YELLOW BACKGROUND, BLACK LETTERING GREEN BACKGROUND, WHITE LETTERING GREEN BACKGROUND, WHITE LETTERING GREEN BACKGROUND, WHITE LETTERING GREEN BACKGROUND, WHITE LETTERING YELLOW BACKGROUND, BLACK LETTERING YELLOW BACKGROUND, BLACK LETTERING BLUE BACKGROUND, WHITE LETTERING

NOTE: Valve Tags need to comply with ANSI standards. Pipe Labels should be near valve to identify pipe content. *There are no standards for Drains. Follow ANSI Standards for background and letter colors; abbreviations may vary by facility.

MARKER LOCATION Pipe markers shall be placed:

to indicate direction of ow by labeling with arrows at one or both ends of the label RIGHT: Label to be visible from the point of normal approach placement in near valves, anges & changes in pipe direction relation to point of both sides of ceiling, wall or oor penetrations normal approach at any line entry or re-entry point on straight pipe runs in intervals sufcient for identication every 25 ft to 50 ft is typical* Ammonia Only: minimum of 1 per area through which the refrigeration piping passes *Every 40 feet for Ammonia pipe marking

PIPE MARKER SIZE CHART

Outside Pipe Diameter Including Covering
.75" - 1.25" 1.5" - 2" 2.5" - 6" 8" - 10" Over 10" (19 - 32 mm) (38 - 51 mm) (64 - 152 mm) (203 - 254 mm) (Over 254 mm)

Letter & Label Dimensions in accordance with pipe diameter

Minimum Length of Minimum Height Label Field Color of Letters

8" 8" 12" 24" 32" (203 mm) (203 mm) (305 mm) (610 mm) (813 mm) .5" .75" 1.25" 2.5" 3.5" (13 mm) (19 mm) (32 mm) (64 mm) (89 mm)

RIGHT: Orientation of labels

NOTE: It is recommended that pipes less than .75" in diameter, be labeled with a permanent tag

The Commercial Building Pipe Marking Guide provides a suggested standard used to label pipes with additional information. This guide is for general information purposes only. It is not a substitute for review of applicable standards. 2011, 2012 Graphic Products, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

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WATER TREATMENT PIPE MARKING GUIDE

Suggested standards for wastewater and water treatment facilities.

WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT COLOR CODING

TYPE OF PIPE/USE OF PIPE Sludge Lines Raw Sludge Sludge recirculation or suction Sludge draw off Sludge recirculation discharge Gas Lines Sludge Gas Natural Gas Water Lines Nonpotable Water Potable Water Water for heating digestors or buildings Other Lines Chlorine Sulfur Dioxide Sewage (wastewater) Compressed Air COLOR OF PIPE Brown w/ black band Brown w/ yellow band Brown w/ orange band Brown

PIPE MARKER SIZE CHART*

Outside Pipe Diameter Including Covering
.75" - 1.25" 1.5" - 2" 2.5" - 6" 8" - 10" Over 10" (19 - 32 mm) (38 - 51 mm) (64 - 152 mm) (203 - 254 mm) (Over 254 mm)

Letter & Label Dimensions in accordance with pipe diameter

Minimum Length of Minimum Height Label Field Color of Letters

8" 8" 12" 24" 32" (203 mm) (203 mm) (305 mm) (610 mm) (813 mm) .5" .75" 1.25" 2.5" 3.5" (13 mm) (19 mm) (32 mm) (64 mm) (89 mm)

Orange (or red) Orange (or red) w/ black band

NOTE: It is recommended that pipes less than .75" in diameter, be labeled with a permanent tag

Blue w/ black band Blue Blue w/ 6" red band (150 mm) space 30" apart (760 mm)

WATER TREATMENT PLANT COLOR CODING

TYPE OF PIPE/USE OF PIPE COLOR OF PIPE Water Lines Raw Water Settled or claried water Finished or potable water Chemical Lines Alum or primary coagulant Ammonia Carbon Slurry Caustic Chlorine gas or solution Fluoride Lime Slurry Ozone Phosphate compounds Polymers or coagulant aids Potassium Permanganate Soda Ash Sulfuric Acid Sulfur Dioxide Waste Lines Backwash Waste Sludge Sewer (sanitary or other) Orientation of labels Other Lines Compressed Air Gas Other Pipes Olive Green Aqua Dark Blue Orange White Black Yellow w/ green band Yellow Light Blue w/ red band Light Green Yellow w/ orange band Light Green w/ red band Orange w/ green band Violet Light Green w/ orange band Yellow w/ red band Light Green w/ yellow band Light Brown Dark Brown Dark Gray Dark Green Red Light Gray

Yellow Yellow w/ red band Gray Green

MARKER LOCATION Pipe markers shall be placed:

to indicate direction of ow by labeling with arrows at one or both ends of the label to be visible from the point of normal approach near valves, anges & changes in pipe direction both sides of ceiling, wall or oor penetrations at any line entry or re-entry point on straight pipe runs every 25 ft to 50 ft

LEFT: Label placement in relation to point of normal approach

LEFT: Orientation of labels

*Pipe Marker location and size chart are based on ANSI/ ASME standards. This guide is for general information purposes only. It is not a substitute for review of applicable standards. 2012 Graphic Products, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

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